陕西省洛南中学2020-2021学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题

2020—2021学年度第一学期第一次考试高二英语试题第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒种的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whattimeisitnow?A.8:05. B.8:25. C.7:55.2.Whatdoesthewomanwant?A.Aknife. B.Achair. C.Alighter.3.Wherearethespeakersmostprobablystayingnow?A.InSanFrancisco. B.Inaplane. C.Attherailwaystation.4.Whichbuswillthemantake'?A.BusNo.6. B.BusNo.60. C.BusNo.3.5.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Brotherandsister.C.Husbandandwife.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分。）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8题。Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?A.VisittheSummerPalace. B.Haveasightseeingtripbycar.C.Haveapicnicintheopenair.7.Whatareprettypuzzling?A.Thehighways. B.Theroadsigns. C.Theircar.8.Howwillthemandrivethistime?A.Turnleft. B.Turnright. C.Gostraight.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第11题。Whathappenedtotheman?Hefoundhishousewasbrokeninto. B.Helockedhimselfout.C.Heforgottolockthefrontdoor.10.Whendidthemanlockallthewindows?A.OnSaturday. B.OnFriday. C.OnFridaynight.11.Whatisthewomanmostprobablygoingtodo?A.Lookaround. B.Talktoothers. C.Askmorequestions.听下面一段独白，回答第12至第14题。12.Whoisthewomantalkingto?A.TheclerkattheLostandFound. B.Theworkmanintheairport.C.Herboss.13.Whyisthewomantalkingtotheman?A.Toaskforamonthleave. B.Togiveupherjob..C.Togetbetterpaid.14.Whatwillthewomandoafterherwedding?A.Havealonghoneymoon. B.Beateacher.C.Beahousewife.听下面一段独白，回答第15至第17题。What'sthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Aschoolteacherandastudent.B.Apolicewomanandaprisoner.C.Ajournalistandaninterviewee..16.Whatdoweknowaboutthestudents'homework?A.It'stoohard.B.It'stoomuch.C.It'stoosimple.17.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheprogramsontelevision?A.Someoftheprogramsneedimprovement.B.Alltheprogramsontelevisionareinteresting.'C.Theprogramsareinteresting,objectiveandinstructiveaswell.听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20题。Howdidtheyoungladygettothesquare?A.Bybike.B.Onfoot,C.Unclear.19.Whydidtheyoungladywanttotakeataxi?A.Shewastootiredtowalk.B.Shewantedtobeseeninahurry.C.She'didn'twanttobelatefortheappointment.20.Howlongwastheyoungladylate?A.Anhour. B.Threequarters. C.Aquarter.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThecityofAmsterdamisoneofthebestpreservedinallofEurope.Whenvisitingthisremarkablecity，youtendtoforgetyourtroublesjustforamoment.Withthistravelguide，youwillbeabletodiscovertherealAmsterdam.BestTimetoVisitAmsterdamToseethetulip(郁金香)flowersyoucanvisitfrommidApriltoearlyMay.FortheNewYear’scelebration，there’salotofpartiesgoingonthen.However，ifyouwanttoenjoyaquieterandmorerelaxingAmsterdam，visitfromOctobertoMarch.GettingAroundAmsterdamYoucanrentabiketogowhereveryouwanttogo.Publictransportationisalsoconvenient.Youcangetachipcardforabout$9.WhatYouShouldKnowBeforeVisitingAmsterdamPlanaheadsincemostoftheattractionsareusuallybusyandbecarefulwithyourwalletsasthecityiswellknownforpickpockets.Alsobecautiouswhenyouarebuyingsomethinginthemarkets.TheBestofAmsterdamRijksmuseumThismuseumisoneofthefinestintheworld.Makesureyouarrivebefore10amtoavoidbigcrowds.VondelparkIfyouarelookingforwardtorelaxingandenjoyingsomepeaceandquiet，makeatriptothistopchoiceparkinthecity.VanGoghMuseumTheVanGoghMuseumisveryfascinating；youwilldefinitelybemovedasyouseeVincentvanGogh’slifeandhowhedevelopedthroughart.A’DAMTowerIfyouwanttogettheinspiringviewsofAmsterdam，takethelifttothetopofthistower.Youcanalsoclimbaboardthegiantfourpersonswingforsomefunrides.21InwhichmonthcanvisitorsfeelmoreateaseinAmsterdam?A.June. B.July. C.September. D.November.22.Whatisthepurposeofthepart“WhatYouShouldKnowBeforeVisitingAmsterdam”？A.Providinghelp. B.Givingwarnings. C.Explainingsituations. D.Expressingdisappointment.23.Whereshouldyougotogetabird’seyeviewofAmsterdam?A.Rijksmuseum. B.Vondelpark.C.TheVanGoghMuseum. D.A’DAMTower.BTheboysatonhischair，withhishandsabovethekeyboard.Hethoughtaboutwhattowrite.Herecalledthatthepetitiondeadlinewasmerelyaweekaway.Buthestillhadnotevenstartedonhispiece.Helookedatthebrochureagain.“WRITINGPETITION！”thetitleread.Hismomhadencouragedhimtoenterthewritingpetition，andnowhewastakingitonashispersonaltaskfortheholidays.Astheboyreflectedonhispreviouswritingefforts，herealizedhowhopelesshistaskofwinningwas.Everystoryheeverwrotewasbasedonotherstories.Hehadlittleimagination，andunfortunately，imaginationwasthekeytowriting.Suddenly，hehadabrainwave.Thistime，hecameupwithanoriginalandimaginativestory.Thewordsshottowardshimlikeastormofleaves.Wordswereingeasily，flowingthroughhim，fasterthanhecouldtype.Hetypedfasterthanheeverhadbefore.Hecontinuedtotype，amazedhoweasywritingthisstorywas.Theboycouldnotstopwriting.Helookedatthewordcountandsawthenumber“248”staringrightbackathim.Hewasnotevenhalfwayyet.Thenheheardhismother’scallofsayingtimeforbed.Hecontinuedwritingthepiece，ignoringher.Hehadtomakeupforthetimehehadlostinthinkingaboutatopictowrite.Finally，hefinished.Thewordcountnowread“498”.“Perfect，”hethought，“justunderthewordlimit.”Heknewthiswasthestorythatwouldwin.Hewenttothewebsiteandsearchedforthepetition.Hefoundthepagebuttherewasno“Enter”button.Confused，hethenrereadthepageagain.ItreadPETITIONCLOSED.24.Whatcausedtheboytotakepartinthewritingpetition?A.Anewputer. B.Theprizemoney.C.Hisowninterest. D.Hismom’sencouragement.25.Howdidtheboyfinishhisearlierwriting?A.Hismomhelpedhim. B.Hecopiedothers’ideas.C.Hisfriendsassistedhim. D.Heusedhisimagination.26.Whydidtheboydelayhiswriting?A.Becausehewasterriblylazy. B.Becausehedidn’tknowwhattowrite.C.Becausehewasn’tconfident. D.Becausehereadtoomanystories.27.Whichmightbethemaximumwordlimitforeachentry?A.100. B.250. C.500. D.1，000.CBothbeesandantsaresocialinsectsthatliveingroupscalledcolonies.Theysurvivebymeansoftheircollectiveintelligence.Theirdecisionmakingpowerisdistributedthroughoutthegroup；thatis，oneantorbeecan’tmakedecisionsforthegroup.Instead，theyworktogether.AsDeborahM.Gordon，abiologistofStanfordUniversity，says，“Antsaren’tsmart.Antcoloniesare.”Thesameistrueforbeecolonies.Althoughbeesandantsarequitedifferentphysically，theyhavealotinmonintermsoftheirsocialbehavior.Specifically，beesandantshavesimilarroleswithinthecolony，bothhavemunicationsystems，andbothhavethecapacityoflearning.Antsmunicatebyusingchemicalscalledpheromones(信息素)，whichcanalertotherstodangerortoafoodsource.Forexample，whenworkerantsfindapromisingsource，theylettherestofthecolonyknowhowtofinditbyleavingatrailofpheromonesonthewaybacktothecolony.Theotherantspickupthemessageusingtheirsenseofsmell.Bees，ontheotherhand，usemovementtomunicatewitheachother.Workerbeessendmessagestoeachotherbymeansofa“dance”.Differentspeedsandmovementssenddifferentmessages.Forexample，whenworkerbeescalledscouts(侦察员)goouttofindanewhomeforthecolony，theyreturnanddoadancefortheotherworkerbeesthatindicatesthelocationofthenewhomeandhowsuitableitis.Thefasterthescoutsdance，thebetterthenewlocationis.Beesandantsarebothcapableoflearning.OneChinesestudyfoundthatbeescanbetrainedtolearnandrememberaroutetoafoodsource.Theresearchersalsofoundthatbeescanbetaughttorecognizehiddenobjectsandusetheconceptsof“sameness”and“difference”toacplishcertaintasks.Antstakethisonestepfurther.RecentAmericanresearchhasshownthatantsnotonlyhavetheabilitytolearn，butalsocanteachtheirforagingskillstootheryoungerants.Theyobservedthatolderantsacpanyyoungantsinsearchoffoodandteachthemtherouteandhowtoavoidobstacles.Aswecansee，thesocialbehaviorofbeesandantsisquitesimilar.Bothcoordinateplexactionsandacplishcrucialsurvivaltasksbycooperatingingroupsconsistingofmanyindividuals.Unintelligentastheymaybeasindividuals，asgroupstheyoftenshowamazingbrillianceastheygoabouttheireverydayactivities.28.Whatdoantsandbeeshaveinmon?A.Theymakeuseofcollectiveintelligence.B.Theyliveinsimilarsizedcolonies.C.Theyhavesmallleadershipgroupsthatmakealldecisions.D.Theyusethesamemethodstomunicatewitheachother.29.Whatdoesthespeedofabee’sdanceindicate?A.Thedistancetoaneighboringcolony.B.Thequalityofanewcolonylocation.C.Thediscoveryofanewfoodsource.D.Thedirectiontoapotentialfoodsource.30.InParagraph3，howdoestheauthordemonstratetheideathat“Beesandantsarebothcapableoflearning”？A.Byusingstatistics. B.Byexplainingreasons.C.Bypresentingstudyfindings. D.Bystatingopinions.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“foragingskills”refertointhethirdparagraph?A.Theskillsofmunicating. B.Theskillsofseekingfood.C.Theskillsoflearning. D.Theskillsoffindinganewhome.DWhenHuangLizhitookherfirstclassinAfricansociologyattheUniversityoftheWitwatersrandinSouthAfricainFebruary，herprofessoraskedherandherclassmateswhatimpressesthemmostwhenitestoAfrica.Unexpectedly，Huang，31，foundthatwordslike“poverty”and“safari”—negativewordsthatwereoftenassociatedwiththecontinentinmediareports—werethekindoftermsherAfricanclassmatesdidn’twanttohear.Instead，theypreferredtohearthequestionansweredinthisway：“Africaisthecradleofhumankind”and“Africansarepassionateandgenerous”.Apparently，therearesomemisunderstandingsbetweenus.It’struethatwithincidentsliketheEbolaoutbreakinWestAfricaandtheemergence(出现)ofpiratesoffthecoastofSomaliahittingthenews，it’seasyforustokeepforgettingthatAfricahasoneoftheworld’soldestcivilizations—Egypt，bornbytheworld’slongestriver，theNile.TheproofisintheGreatPyramidofGizaandtheGreatSphinxofGiza，whicharebothpopularamongtourists.AndthetombsofancientEgypthavealsobeeendlesssourcesfortheliteratureandfilmindustries.WhenitestothenaturalenvironmentofAfrica，ourmisunderstandingsareonlybigger.Butthetruthisthatinsteadofbeingextremelyhotallyearroundandcoveredbydesert，thecontinenthaslargeareasofsavannas(稀树草原)wherelions，giraffesandzebraslive，thesnowcappedKilimanjaro—thehighestmountaininAfrica—andeventhickforestontheislandofMadagascar.Thesemisunderstandingsareoneofthereasonswhythe2018BeijingSummitoftheForumonChinaAfricaCooperationwasheldonSept.3and4—tounderstandeachotherbetter.Indeed，onlybyvisitingAfricaherselfdidHuangseetheconvenientlivingconditions，theamazingnaturalbeautyandthefriendlypeople.Inhereyes，herclassmateswereashopefulaboutthefutureoftheirowncountriesastheywereaboutAfricaasawhole，andtheywerequicktodemonstrateboththeirstrongwillandactivity.“Atthatmoment，Iknewexactlywhattheywanted—theywantedtheirculturetoberespected.”32..Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“cradle”underlinedinParagraph2?A.Asmallbedforbabies. B.Abaskettoholdsomething.C.Aplaceforpeopletorelaxthemselves. D.Aplacewheresomethingimportantbegan.33.WhatcanweinferaboutAfricaaccordingtothepassage?A.Itisveryhotallyearround. B.It’snotasafecontinenttoliveon.C.It’sdifferentfromwhatweimagine. D.Itisboundtohaveabrightfuture.34.WhichofthefollowingwouldHuangagreewith?A.Toseeistobelieve. B.Thinktwicebeforeyoudo.C.Amissisasgoodasamile. D.Don’tjudgeapersonbyhisappearance.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ValuingaCulture B.UnderstandingAfricaC.PayingaVisittoAfrica D.DiscoveringaContinent第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoGrowOrganicPotatoesinContainersAhomegrownpotatothathasjustbeendugoutofthesoilisanamazingtreat.Liketomatoes，thetasteoffreshpotatoesisdifferentfromthatofthoseboughtinthestore.Bygrowingyourown，youalsohavetheopportunitytoplantunusualvarieties.36Preparepotatoesforgrowing.Cutthepotatoesbeforeplanting.Ifyourpotatoesaresmall，youcansimplyplantthem.Whenyoucutyourpotatoes，makesureyouhaveatleasttwoeyesoneachpiece.37.Mostofushavenoideahowheavy50gramsisandthere’snoneedtoweighit，justuseyourbestguess.Wateryournewlyplantedpotatoeswell.Checkthecontaineratleastonceaday.38.Ifitfeelsdry，it’stimetowater.Ifit’sveryhotorwindy，youmayhavetowateryourpotatocontainergardensmorethanonceaday.Makesuretowaterdeeplybywaitinguntilwaterrunsoutthebottom.Hillyourpotatoesastheygrow.39，youneedtohillthemincasetheywillbreak.Thisisdonebyaddingacoupleofinchesofsoilaroundyourpotatoplants.Becarefulnottobreaktheplantsintheprocess.Repeatthehillingprocessafewmoretimesasyourplantsgrow.Youcanalsostoponcethesoilreachesthetopofyourcontainer.40.Aftertheplantshaveflowered，youcandigoutyourpotatoestoeat.Youcanpulloutafewpotatoesatatime.Youcanalsowaituntiltheplantsturnyellowandthenharvestallofthepotatoesatonce.A.IfyourpotatoplantsaretooshortB.HarvestyourhomegrownpotatoesC.WateryourpotatoeswheneverthesoilisdryD.StickyourfingeratleastaninchintothesoilE.BelowaresometipsforgrowingyourownpotatoesF.OnceyourpotatoplantshavegrownaboutsixinchesG.It’salsoremendedthateachweighatleast50grams第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Oneofthemostremarkablethingsaboutthehumanmindisourabilitytoimaginethefuture.Inour41wecanseewhathasnotyethappened.Forexample，whilewearelookingforwardto42anewplaceorcountry，we43whatitwillbelike.Wepredictthe44peoplewilleat，dressandact.Ofcourse，wedonotalwayspredictthings45.Thingsareoftenverydifferentfromthewaywe46themtobe.Oneofthe47dreamsinhistoryisthedreamoftheGermanscientist，Kekule，whohadbeen48toworkoutaverydifficultprobleminphysics.Hehad49andanalyzedtheproblemfromeveryanglefordays，butthere50tobenowayof51outtheanswer.Thenonenighthewenttobedanddreamed.Whenhe52up，herealizedthatheknewtheanswer.Hehadsolvedtheprobleminhis53.Itissaidthatinordertofigureouttheprocess，thehypnotist(催眠师)satinthechairoppositehimandspoke54：“Iwantyoutoconcentrateonmyvoice.Thinkabout55.Youknownothingbutmyvoice.Andasyoupayattentiontomyvoice，your56willgetheavier.Soonyou’llbeasleep.Youwillhearmyvoiceand57mywords，butyourbodywillbeasleep，youreyesaretooheavy.Youare58asleep，andwhenyouwakeupyouwill59nothing.Youwillforgeteverything.NowIamgoingto60slowlyfromonetofive.One，two，three，four，five...”41.A.brains B.senses C.minds D.sights42.A.visiting B.seeking C.reaching D.discovering43.A.imagine B.know C.feel D.guess44.A.custom B.habit C.style D.way45.A.quickly B.simply C.correctly D.neatly46.A.required B.wished C.left D.expected47.A.funny B.dull C.famous D.silly48.A.managing B.trying C.thinking D.hoping49.A.studied B.learned C.discussed D.searched50.A.used B.ought C.seemed D.had51.A.bringing B.finding C.turning D.letting52.A.gave B.sat C.woke D.got53.A.dream B.lesson C.research D.exercise54.A.softly B.loudly C.slowly D.firmly55.A.everything B.something C.nothing D.anything56.A.eyes B.feet C.head D.body57.A.believe B.repeat C.take D.understand58.A.really B.extremely C.actually D.almost59.A.accept B.remember C.hear D.receive60.A.count B.say C.add D.speak第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。ChinesetennislegendLiNaw