2022届高考英语深度阅读系列训练10

高考英语深度阅读系列训练第10课时

编写说明

学生在语篇限时训练中，对一篇文章没有足够的时间来细读，理解的不深不透，但是，对于选择答案的影响

不是很大，读不懂的地方也可以猜出答案来，这样的训练叫做“考场式”训练；而在精读课堂上学习一篇文章的

时候，从词句到篇章，从细节到主旨等方方面面，对一篇文章理解的很透彻，这叫做“精读式”的阅读。目前,

在语篇训练中存在低效问题，这是因为学生无意识地采用了“考场式”而不是“精读式”的训练方法。但是，平

时的语篇阅读训练毕竟不是在考场，除了追求速度，更要培养深度理解能力。应该将“考场式”和“精读式”训

练方法结合起来，在语境中学习语言知识。本系列训练通过导读，突出重点单词、词块以及长难句的训练，旨在

培养学生深度精读的习惯，训练有效处理语篇的能力，在阅读训练中积累语言知识，进而提高语篇训练的效果。

第一节阅读理解

阅读下面短文，从短文后个体所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Ifyouwanttodisturbthecarindustry,you'dbetterhaveafewbilliondollars:Mom-and-popcarmakersare

unlikelytobeatthebiggestcarcompanies.Butinagriculture,smallfarmerscangetthebestofthemajorplayers.By

connectingdirectlywithcustomers,andbyrespondingquicklytochangesinthemarketsaswellasintheecosystems（生

态系统）,smallfarmerscankeeponestepaheadofthebigguys.Astheco-founderoftheNationalRungFarmers

Coalition（NYFC,美国青年农会豆ndafamilyfarmermyself.Ihaveafront-rowseattotheinnovationsamongsmall

farmersthataretransformingtheindustry.

Forexample,taketheQuickCutGreensHarvester,atooldevelopedjustacoupleofyearsagobyayoungfarmer,

JonathanDysinger,inTennessee,withasmallloanfromalocalSlowMoneygroup.Itenablessmall-scalefarmersto

harvest175poundsofgreenvegetablesperhour-ahugeimprovementoverharvestingjustafewdozenpoundsby

hand——suddenlymakingitpossibleforthelittleguystocompetewithlargefarmsofCalifornia.Beforethetoolcameout,

smallfarmerscouldn'ttouchthepriceperpoundofferedbyCaliforniafarms.Butnow,withthecombinationofabetter

pricepointandagenerallyfresherproduct,theycanstayinbusiness.

Thesustainablesuccessofsmallfarmers,though,won'thappenwithoutfundamentalchangestotheindustry.One

crucialfactorissecureaccesstoland.Competitionfrominvestors,developers,andestablishedlargefarmersmakes

owningone'sownlandunaltainablcformanynewfarmers.

From2004to2013,agriculturallandvaluesdoubled,andtheycontinuetoriseinmanyregions.Another

challengeformorethanamillionofthemostqualifiedfarmworkersandmanagersisanon-existentpathtocitizenship

—thegreatestbarriertobuildingafarmoftheirown.Withfarmersovertheageof65outnumbering（多于）farmers

youngerthan35bysixtoone,andwithtwo-thirdsofthenation*sfarmlandinneedofanewfarmer,wemustclearthe

pathfortalentedpeoplewillingtogrowthenation'sfood.

Therearesolutionsthatcouldlightapathtowardamoresustainableandfairfarmeconomy,butfarmerscan't

clumsilyputthemtogetherbeforeus.WeattheNYFCneedbroadsupportasweurgeCongresstoincreasefarmland

conservation,aswepushforimmigrationreform,andasweseekpoliciesthatwillensurethesuccessofadiverseand

ambitiousnextgenerationoffarmsfromallbackgrounds.WithanewfarmbilltobedebatedinCongress,consumers

musttakeastandwithyoungfarmers.

l.Theauthormentionscarindustryatthebeginningofthepassagetointroduce

A.theprogressmadeincarindustryB.aspecialfeatureofagriculture

C.atrendofdevelopmentinagricultureD.theimportanceofinvestingincarindustry

2.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoillustratewiththeexampleinparagraph2?

A.Loanstosmalllocalfarmersarenecessary.

B.Technologyisvitalforagriculturaldevelopment.

C.Competitionbetweensmallandbigfarmsisfierce

D.Smallfarmersmaygainsomeadvantagesoverbigones.

3.Whatisthedifficultyforthosenewfamers?

A.Togainmorefinancialaid.B.Tohiregoodfarmmanagers.

C.Tohavefansoftheirown.D.Towinoldfarmers'support.

4.Whatshouldfarmersdoforamoresustainableandfairfarmeconomy?

A.SeeksupportbeyondNYFC.B.Expandfarmlandconservation.

C.BecomemembersofNYFC.D.Investmoretoimprovetechnology.

第二节精深语篇

一.写出文中划线词汇在语境中的词义

I.disturb_______________

2.transform_______________

3.combination______________

4.sustainable________________

5.fundamental______________

6.crucial_____________

7.established_________________

8.unattainable______________

9.qualified__________

10.barrier________________

11.ensure___________

12.ambitious__________

13.innovation_____________

二.写出文中划线词组在语境中的含义

1.getthebestof

2.clearthepathfor

3.urge...to

4.pushfor

5.takeastand

三.词汇应用

disturb（1-3在横线上写出划线部分中文释义；4变换词形）

1.Ifyougetupearly,trynottodisturbeveryoneelse.

2.Don'tdisturbthepapersonmydesk.

3.Itdisturbedhertorealizethatshewasalone.

4.Shefeltwhensheheardthenews,(disturb)

combination（1-2根据句意用正确的形式或短语填空；3翻译句子）

1.Thesepaintscanbeusedindividuallyor.这些涂料可单独或混合使用

2.Theorymustbewithpractice.理论必需同实践结合。

3.MarieCuriecombinedfamilyandcareer.

翻译：______________________________________________________________________________________

establish（1用正确的形式填空；2-3解释划线单词和短语）

1.Thecommitteewasin1912.这个委员会创立于1912年。

2.Bythenshewasestablishedasastar.

3.Heisanestablishedactor.

四.长难句分析及翻译要求：L划主干，找出关联词，判断从句类型，弄清主从句的附属成分;2.翻译句子

1.Astheco-founderoftheNationalYoungFarmersCoalition（NYFC,美国青年农会）andafamilyfarmermyself,1

haveafront-rowseattotheinnovationsamongsmallfarmersthataretransformingtheindustry.

分析：______________________________________________________________________________________

翻译：______________________________________________________________________________________

2.Thesustainablesuccessofsmallfarmers,though,won'thappenwithoutfundamentalchangestotheindustry.One

crucialfactorissecureaccesstoland.

分析：______________________________________________________________________________________

翻译：______________________________________________________________________________________

3.Therearesolutionsthatcouldlightapathtowardamoresustainableandfairfarmeconomy,butfarmerscan't

clumsilyputthemtogetherbeforeus.

分析：______________________________________________________________________________________

翻译：______________________________________________________________________________________

4.WithanewfarmbilltobedebatedinCongress,consumersmusttakeastandwithyoungfarmers.

分析：______________________________________________________________________________________

翻译：______________________________________________________________________________________

第三节模仿训练要求：1.做阅读理解;2.划出重点单词、短语以及句型，整理在线格处;3.分析长难句

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Inthe1760s,MathurinRozeopenedaseriesofshopsthatboasted（享有）aspecialmeatsoupcalledconsomme.

Althoughthemainattractionwasthesoup,Roze'schainshopsalsosetanewstandardfordiningout,whichhelpedto

establishRozeastheinventorofthemodernrestaurant.

Today,scholarshavegeneratedlargeamountsofinstructiveresearchaboutrestaurants.Takevisualhintsthat

influencewhatweeat:dinersservedthemselvesabout20percentmorepasia（意大利面食）whentheirplatesmatched

theirfood.Whenadark-coloredcakewasservedonablackplateratherthanawhiteone,customersrecognizeditas

sweeterandmoretasty.

Lightingmatters,too.WhenBerlinrestaurantcustomersateindarkness,theycouldn'ttellhowmuchthey'dhad:

thosegivenextra-largesharesatemorethaneveryoneelse,butwerenonethewiser-theydidn'tfeelfuller,andthey

werejustasreadyfordessert.

Timeismoney,butthatprinciplemeansdifferentthingsfordifferenttypesofrestaurants.Unlikefast-food

places,finediningshopsprefercustomerstostaylongerandspend.Onewaytoencouragecustomerstostayandorder

thatextraround:putonsomeMozart（莫扎特）.Whenclassical,ratherthanpop,musicwasplaying,dinersspentmore.

Fastmusichurrieddinersout.Particularscentsalsohaveaneffect:dinerswhogotthescentoflavender（薰衣草）stayed

longerandspentmorethanthosewhosmelledlemon,ornoscent.

Meanwhile,thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscouragespending—nbadMtables,crowding,highprices—don't

necessarily.Dinersatbadtables—nexttothekitchendoor,say—spentnearlyasmuchasothersbutsoonfled.Itcan

beconcludedthatrestaurantkeepersneednot"beoverlyconcernedabout'bad'tables/giventhattheyYeprofitable.As

forcrowds,aHongKongstudyfoundthattheyincreasedarestaurant'sreputation,suggestinggreatfoodatfairprices.

Anddoublingabuffet'spriceledcustomerstosaythatitspizzawas11percenttastier.

l.Theunderlinedphrase"nonethewiser"inparagraph3mostprobablyimpliesthatthecustomerswere

A.notawareofeatingmorethanusualB.notwillingtosharefoodwithothers

C.notconsciousofthefoodqualityD.notfondofthefoodprovided

2.Howcouldafinediningshopmakemoreprofit?

A.playingclassicalmusic.B.Introducinglemonscent.

C.Makingthelightbrighter.D.Usingplatesoflargersize.

3.Whatdoesthelastparagraphtalkabout?

A.Tipstoattractmorecustomers.B.Problemsrestaurantsarefacedwith.

C.Waystoimproverestaurants'reputation.D.Commonmisunderstandingsaboutrestaurants.

词汇与句型积累：

高考英语深度阅读系列训练第10课时

参考答案

第一节.阅读理解

本文为说明文。文章作者作为全国青年农民联盟（NYFC）的联合创始人，分析了美国小农场的特点及目前美国

小农场所面临的问题，督促国会对某些领域进行改革以支持美国国内小农场的发展

I.B.推理判断题。根据文章第一句话Ifyouwanttodisturbthecarindustry,you'dbetterhaveafewbilliondollars:

Mom-and-popcarmakersareunlikelytobeatthebiggestcarcompanies.可知，一般人不可能影响到汽车工业，而根据

第二句话的but可知，农业和工业是不同的，接下来就介绍了农业不同于工业的地方，故B正确。

2.D.推理判断题。根据文章第二段第二句IIenablessmall-scalefarmerstoharvest175poundsofgreenvegetablesper

hour-ahugeimprovementoverharvestingjustafewdozenpoundsbyhand—suddenlymakingitpossibleforthelittle

guystocompetewithlargefarmsofCalifornia.可以，推知新农具使小农场收获绿色箍菜的效率提高，降低了收获成

本，再根据最后一句Butnow,withthecombinationofabetterpricepointandagenerallyfresherproduct,theycanstay

inbusiness.,小农场价格与大农场价格接近和小农场产品更新鲜的特点，这使得小农场相对于大农场有了一些相

对的优势，故选D。

3.C.细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二句话Anotherchallengeformorethanamillionofthemostqualifiedfarm

workersandmanagersisanon-existentpathtocitizenship—thegreatestbarriertobuildingafarmoftheirown.可知，

新农民面临的最大挑战是无法获得公民身份，因此不能建设自己的农场，故选C。

4.A.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第二句WeattheNYFCneedbroadsupportasweurgeCongresstoincrease

farmlandconservation,aswepushforimmigrationreform,andasweseekpoliciesthatwillensurethesuccessofa

diverseandambitiousnextgenerationoffarmsfromallbackgrounds.可知，NYFC需要广泛的支持，包括要求国会增

加农田保护，推动移民改革，寻求确保不同背景的新农民的成功的政策等，所以为了保证农业经济的可持续发展

农民需要寻求NYFC以外的很多方面的支持。故选A。

第二节精深语篇

一.写出文中划线词汇在语境中的词义

1.disturb打扰;妨碍

2.transform变形；改变

3.combination结合体，联合体；结合，联合

4.sustainable可以忍受的；足可支撑的；养得起的；可持续的

5.fundamental根本的，基本的；必需的，必不可少的；不能再分的

6.crucial至关重要的，决定性的

7.established确立已久的,早已投入使用的;资深的，知名的

8.unattainable做不到的；难到达的

9.qualified具备……的学历（资历）的；（尤指做某项工作）有资格的，胜任的；（支持、赞同）有限度的，有保

留的

10.barrier障碍物，屏障；界线

11.ensure确保，保证；保护，使安全

12.ambitious野心勃勃的;有雄心的；热望的;炫耀的

13.innovation新事物，新方法；革新，创新

二.写出文中划线词组在语境中的含义

1.getthebestof击败，战胜；对…占优势

2.clearthepathfor扫清道路

3.urgc...to怂恿；激励；催促某人做某事

4.pushfor奋力争取，推动，促进

5.takeastand表态；采取立场，表示立场

三.词汇应用

disturb（1-3在横线上写出划线部分中文释义；4变换词形）

l.vi.打扰;妨碍2.移动，弄乱3.使焦虑，使烦恼4.disturbeddisturbing

combination（1-2根据句意用正确的形式或短语填空；3翻译句子）

Lincombination2.combined3.兼顾

establish（1用正确的形式填空；2-3解释划线单词和短语）

1.established2.确立;使立足;使稳固~sb/sth/yourself（insth）（assth）3.著名的;成名的;公认的

三.长难句解析及翻译

答题要求：1.画出句子主干；2.找出关联词，判断从句类型；3.弄清主句和从句的附属成分；4.翻译句子

l.Astheco-founderoftheNationalYoungFarmersCoalition（NYFC,美国青年农会）andafamilyfarmermyself,1

haveafront-rowseattotheinnovationsamongsmallfarmersthataretransformingtheindustry.

分析：定语从句thataretransformingtheindustry.修饰先行词theinnovations

翻译：作为年轻农民国家联盟的创始人之一（NYFC,美国青年农会）和家庭农民自己,我在小农户之间的创新处于

领先地位，这种创新正在改变这一行业。

2.Thesustainablesuccessofsmallfarmers,though,won'thappenwithoutfundamentalchangestotheindustry.One

crucialfactorissecureaccesstoland.

分析：though然而，不过，但是；介词短语withoutfundamentalchangestotheindustry作为条件状语

翻译：然而，如果这个行业没有根本性的变革，小农户的可持续成功就不会发生。一个关键因素是获得土地的

安全途径。

3.Therearesol