新教材2023版高中英语Unit2IconicAttractionsSectionⅡLearningAboutLanguage课件新人教版选择性必修第四册

LearningAboutLanguagePart1Part2Part1语言基础集释1(教材原句)EthnicminoritygroupsinChinaareoftenentitledtospecialfundsfromthegovernmenttohelpprotecttheirculturalheritage.中国的少数民族通常有权获得政府的专项资金，以帮助保护他们的文化遗产。◎entitlevt.给……命名；使享有权利

(1)entitlesb.tosth.赋予某人某事或拥有某物的权利entitlesth....把……命名为……entitlesb.todosth.赋予某人做某事的权利(2)titlen.标题；头衔[佳句]

Everychildinourcountryisentitledtofreeeducationatschool.在我国，每个孩子都有权在学校接受免费教育。[练通]——单句语法填空①Excellentperformanceinthecollegeentranceexaminationentitledhim________(admit)intoakeyuniversity.②Thebook,________(entitle)ReadPoetryandLearnHistorybyWangChunyong,issuitablefortheforeignerstolearnclassicalChinesepoetry.[写美]——应用文佳句③她于2004年首次获得了世界冠军的称号。She________________oftheworld'schampionin2004forthefirsttime.tobeadmittedentitledwonthetitle2(教材原句)Unfortunately,elephantsareendangeredinThailand,butspecialparkshavebeensetuptoprotecttheirsafetyandfreedom.不幸的是，在泰国大象濒临灭绝，但已经建立起专门的公园来保护它们的安全和自由。◎freedomn．自由；不受……影响的状态

(1)havethefreedomof.../todosth.有(做)……的自由(2)befreetodosth.自由做某事(3)set...free释放……；使……获得自由freefrom/of...不受……影响的；无……的free...from...使摆脱；从……中解脱forfree/freeofcharge免费[佳句]

Ourcountryisaplacewherefreedomofspeechisguaranteed,socitizenscanoftenheardifferentideas.我们国家是一个言论自由得到保障的地方，

所以公民经常可以听到不同的想法。[练通]——单句语法填空①Peoplefromallwalksoflifeshouldbuildasocietywheretheykeeptheirchildrenfree________violence.②Butsuchcommitmentcanalsoweakenasenseof________(free)．[写美]——一句多译最使我满意的是我有选择所喜欢东西的自由。③Whatsatisfiesmemostisthat______________________________．(freedom)④Whatsatisfiesmemostisthat________________________．(free)fromfreedomIhavethefreedomtochoosewhatIlikeIamfreetochoosewhatIlikePart2复习过去分词[自主感知]①Locatedtothesouthoftheequator，belowmanyothercountriesontheglobe，it'softeninformallyreferredtoas“downunder”．②I'mmoreinterestedinmeetingpeopleinAustraliaandexperiencingtheirculture，food，andwayoflife.③Mostoftheirmusicalinstrumentsarereallyjuststicksfoundontheground，amongwhichthereisanamazinginstrumentcalledthedidgeridoo.④Askilledplayercanplayforalongtimewithoutstoppingtobreathe.⑤Itriedtolearnhowtoplayit，butaftertryingforhours，IwasconvincedthatIcouldnevermakeamusicalsoundwiththisinstrument!⑥Althoughthemainculturalinfluencesince1788hasbeenWesternculture，minoritycultureshavealsoplayedapartinshapingtheuniqueAustralianculture，withmanyofthenewculturalinfluencescontributedbyimmigrants.[我的发现]1．句②和句⑤中为单个的过去分词作________。2．句④中为单个的过去分词作定语，

常常放于被修饰名词的________；句③中为过去分词短语作定语，

常常放于被修饰名词的________。3．句⑥中为过去分词短语作________。[语法规则]过去分词是非谓语动词形式之一。过去分词保留着动词的部分特性，有完成或被动含义，可带状语构成过去分词短语。在句法功能上，过去分词(短语)与形容词或副词作用类似，在句子中可充当定语、状语、宾语补足语、表语等成分。表语前面后面宾语补足语一、过去分词作定语

及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。1．表示被动和完成Thissciencefictionpublishedlastyearispopularwithyoungmen.去年出版的这本科幻小说深受年轻人的欢迎。Theappointmentmadeyesterdaywascancelledbecauseofanurgentevent.由于紧急的活动昨天的预约被取消了。2．表完成，不表示被动Therearemanyfallenleavesontheground.地上有很多落叶。[名师指津]过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别：(1)语态不同：现在分词表示主动；过去分词表示被动。①Theherbplantedlastyearisthrivinginthegarden.去年种的草药在园子里欣欣向荣。②Thehousestandingatthecornerofthestreetwasbuiltin2016.矗立在街道角落的那所房子是在2016年建造的。(2)过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态(beingdone)与动词不定式的被动语态(tobedone)作定语的区别①Thebuildingbuiltlastyearisourclassroombuilding.去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。②Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisourclassroombuilding.现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼。③Thebuildingtobebuiltnextmonthisourclassroombuilding.下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。[巧学活用1]——单句语法填空①Fitness

Magazinerecentlyrananarticle________(title)“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartner.”②Inthesciencesandarts,those________(praise)asgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemen,ofEuropeanorigin.③Atthestartofthe20thcentury,anAmericanengineer________(name)JohnElfrethWatkinsmadepredictionsaboutlifetoday.④Tellthechildren________(play)outsidenottomaketoomuchnoise.⑤Theplayers________(select)fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame.titledpraisednamedplayingselected二、过去分词作表语

位于系动词(如be,get,become,look,feel,seem等)之后，多表示主语的状态或状况，它所体现的是形容词的特性。①Seeinghisfiguredisappearingintothickevergreenforest,Ifeltrelieved.看着他的身影消失在茂密的常绿森林中，我感到如释重负。②Knowingthatyou'regoingtovisitourcitywithyourparents,I'mpleasedtogiveyousomesuggestions.知道你要和你的父母一起来我们的城市，我很高兴给你一些建议。③ThewholeworldisshockedandsorrowfulwiththedeathofYuanLongping.全世界对袁隆平的去世感到震惊和悲伤。[名师指津]

过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态，而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。①Thecupisbroken.杯子破了。(系表结构)②ThecupwasbrokenbyTom.杯子是被汤姆打破的。(被动语态)[巧学活用2]——单句语法填空①Itwasonlythenextdaywhenhewasabouttotakebath,herememberedthewatchwas________(lose)．②Whilerock­climbing,youneedtoremainvery________(focus)sothatyouwon'tmakeanydangerouserrors.③Everythingthathappensnextduringtheproceduremustbe________(relate)tothisstory.④Mychildhoodwas________(fill)witharts,craftsandmusic,andeverydaywasanexcitingadventureofcreation.lostfocusedrelatedfilled三、过去分词作宾语补足语

过去分词作宾语补足语与宾语有着动宾关系，宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。以下是几类能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语)。1．表示感觉或心理状态的动词(短语)，如see,watch,observe,find,lookat,hear,listento,feel,notice等。Thepremierwasgladtoseethispoliticalproblemsolvedinapeacefulway.总理很高兴看到这个政治问题以和平方式得到解决。2．表示“致、使”意义的动词，如have,make,get,keep,leave等。Ifyouwanttomakeyourselfrespected,youareabovealltorespectothers.如果你想让自己被尊重，你必须首先尊重别人。[名师指津]

“have＋宾语＋过去分词”的三种含义(1)表示“让某人做某事”I'llhavemyhaircuttomorrow.明天我要去理发。(2)表示“遭遇某种不幸；受到打击”Hehadhiswalletstolen.他的钱包被偷了。(3)做某事(主语可能参与其中)Ihadmyhouserepairedlastweek.上周，我修补了房子。3．表示“希望、要求”等意义的动词，如like,want,wish,order等。Thissalesmanwouldlikethismattersettledatonce.这位售货员希望此事立刻得到解决。4．with的复合结构中Withmyhomeworkfinished,Iwentfishingwithmyfather.做完家庭作业后，我和爸爸去钓鱼了。[巧学活用3]——单句语法填空①Everynightitgoesontheweb，keepingparentsandtheworld________(inform)ofthehappeningsatPali.②Eventhebestwriterssometimesfindthemselves________(lose)forwords.③Theseincludeplantsthathavesensors________(print)ontotheirleavestoshow.④Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes________(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.⑤IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotograph________(take)．⑥Withthecompany________(take)overbythetalentedyoungman,itwillhaveapromisingfuture.informedlostprinteddecoratedtakentaken四、过去分词(短语)作状语

表示被动或完成的动作，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。1．作时间状语过去分词作时间状语时，相当于一个when,while,after,once等引导的时间状语从句。Seenfromthetopofthemountain,thewholetownlooksmorebeautiful.Whenitisseenfromthetopofthemountain,thewholetownlooksmorebeautiful.从山顶上看，整个城市看起来更美了。2．作原因状语过去分词作原因状语时，相当于一个as,since,because等引导的原因状语从句。①Inspiredbytheenthusiasmandencouragement,Davidquickenedhispaceinhighspirits.＝Becausehewasinspiredbytheenthusiasmandencouragement,Davidquickenedhispaceinhighspirits.在热情和鼓励的鼓舞下，大卫兴高采烈地加快了步伐。②Absorbedinwritingasciencefiction,Johndidn'tnoticeeveningapproaching.＝BecauseJohnwasabsorbedinwritingasciencefiction,Johndidn'tnoticeeveningapproaching.由于专心写科幻小说，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。3．作条件状语过去分词作条件状语时，相当于一个if,unless等引导的条件状语从句。Givenanotherchance,hewillbesuperiortohisbrother.＝Ifheisgivenanotherchance,hewillbesuperiortohisbrother.再给他一次机会，他会做得比他哥哥更好。4．作让步状语过去分词作让步状语时，相当于一个though,although,evenif/though等引导的让步状语从句。Exhaustedbytherunning,hewentonrunningafterthepetdog.＝Althoughhewasexhaustedbytherunning,hewentonrunningafterthepetdog.尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，他还是继续追赶着宠物狗。5．作方式或伴随状语过去分词作方式或伴随状语时，可以转换成一个并列句。Amanshoutedbackasherantome,followedbymygirlfriendbreathlessly.＝Amanshoutedbackasherantome,andhewasfollowedbymygirlfriendbreathlessly.一个男人一边向我跑过来，一边喊着回应，我女朋友上气不接下气地跟在他后面。[名师指津]过去分词作状语的注意事项(1)过去分词作状语时，其前面可以带有相应的连词，如when,though,although,asif,asthough,if,unless,until,once等，表时间、让步、条件、方式等。If(Iam)invited,Iwillattendtheweddingofmyfriend.如果受到邀请，我会参加我朋友的婚礼。(2)过去分词(短语)作状语时，分词的逻辑主