2020-2021学年高中英语Unit1 单元素养评价+提升练习新人教版必修4

单元素养评价（一）Unit1

（120分钟150分）

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳

选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话

仅读一遍。

Text1

W:It'snearly7.Ifyouwanttocatchthe8o'clocktrain,you'dbettergo

now.

M:Don,tworry.I'11drivetothestation.

W:Inthatcase,letmegowithyouandyoudropmeoffatthecitycentre.V11

gotothesquaremarket.

1.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?

A.Catchatrain.B.Seethemanoff.

C.Goshopping.

答案：C

Text2

M:I'mthinkingaboutmovingoutofmyplace.

W:Howcome?Isitfarfromyourworkplace?

M:No.Withthreekidsgrowingupandreachingschoolage,myhouseistoo

small.

2.Whydoesthemanwanttomove?

A.Tobenearhisoffice.B.Toliveinabiggerhouse.

C.Togotoagoodschool.

答案：B

Text3

M:It'sverycoldinhere.I'mgoingtoturntheheaterontowarmthisplace

upalittle.

W:WhydoyouthinkI'mdrinkinghotchocolate?Here,takethisblanket.The

heaterisn'tworkingrightnow.

3.Whatwillthemanprobablydotostaywarm?

A.Useablanket.B.Turnontheheater.

C.Drinksomehotchocolate.

答案：A

Text4

W:Englishisaneasylanguagetolearn.Don'tyouthinkso,1Darning?

M:Tmafraidit'sdifficultforme,Susan.Butmybrotherisgoodatit.

4.WhohasdifficultyinlearningEnglish?

A.Susan.B.Darning.

C.Daming'sbrother.

答案：B

Text5

W:Whendidtheplanearrive?

M:Ataquarterpasteleven.

W:?Doyouthinkyou'11recognizeJoewhenyouseehim?

M:Idon'tknow.Ihaven*tseenhimsincehewas7.Timeflies.Now9yearshave

passed.Mynephewmusthavechangedalot.

5.Whatarethetwospeakersdoingnow?

A.Waitingforsomeoneattheairport.

B.Talkingabouttheirplan.

C.Bookingticketsfortheirtrip.

答案：A

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选

项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完

后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

Text6

M:Wow!Niceplace!I'veneverbeentothispartoftownbefore.

W:Thanks."Thisarea'scalledtheEastEnd.Itisn'tverycentral,butI

choseitbecauseIcouldaffordmorespacehere.

M:Yeah,youhaveawholeextraroom!

W:Iknow!Iuseitforwork.

M:Ithoughtyouworkedinanofficedowntown.

W:Mycompanyletsmeworkonedayaweekfromhome.

M:Lucky!You'vegotagreatbossandagreatapartment.Vmsohappyforyou!

Let'scelebrate!%etmetakeyoutodinner.

6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Inanofficedowntown.

B.Inanapartmentdowntown.

C.InanapartmentintheEastEnd.

答案：C

7.Whatdoesthemanwanttodonow?

A.Gettowork.

B.Gotoarestaurant.

C.Visitthewoman*scompany.

答案：B

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

Text7

M:Iley,Helen!?HowaboutyourinterviewforCambridge?

W:Mm,notbad.TheyaresatisfiedwithmyacademicrecordsinScience.

M:Iknowyoucanconquertheteachers.

W:Thankyou,Mike.Um,wheredoyouwanttostudy?

M:India.

W:WhyinIndia?YouwanttomajorinBuddhism?

M:No.Iwanttobeacomputerprogrammer.SoI'veappliedtotheIndian

InstituteofTechnology,whichisoneofthebestuniversitiesforITlearners.

W:Yeah!That'syourbestchoice.Hopeyoucanmakeit.

M:Thankyou.

8.Wheredoesthewomanwanttostudy?

A.IntheUniversityofCambridge.

B.IntheUniversityofOxford.

C.IntheIndianInstituteofTechnology.

答案：A

9.Whichsubjectdoesthemanwanttomajorin?

A.Art.B.Buddhism.C.Programming.

答案：C

听第8段材料，回答第10〜12题。

Text8

W:Hello,mayIspeaktoMrSmith,please?

M:Speaking.Who*scalling?MayIask?

W:ThisistheJobCenter.WehavereceivedyourE-mailandthereisaposition

whichwethinkfityouwell.Alabassistantiswantedinamiddleschool.

M:Canyoutellmemoreaboutthejob?

W:Well,alabassistantiswantedinacollege.It'sthekindofjobyouwould

liketodo,"asismentionedinyourE-mail.

M:Yes,Ididputthatinmyletter.

W:Yes.Theyalsoneedsomeonewhoknowshowtomaintaintheequipment.Sowe

thinkyouarejusttherightpersonforthejob.

M:Whataboutthepayandworkhours?

W:Iamcomingtothat.Thepaytheyhaveofferedissatisfactory,butthework

hoursareabitchangeable.Sometimesearlyinthemorning,sometimeslateinthe

afternoon.

M:Well,Iaminterestedinthat.MayIhavesomemoredetailssothatIcantalk

itoverwithmywife?

W:Whydon'tyoucomeoverhereat10a.m.tomorrow?

M:OK,seeyoutomorrowthen.Bye!

10.WhydidthewomancallMrSmith?

A.Torecommendajob.

B.Tomaintaintheequipment.

C.Toworkasalabassistant.

答案：A

11.HowdidtheJobCentergettoknowSmith?

A.Smithcalledthecenter.

B.Smithe-mailedthecenter.

C.Smithwenttothecenterbefore.

答案：B

12.Whenwillthemangotothecenterfordetailsaboutthejob?

A.Tomorrowmorning.B.Thismorning.

C.Tomorrowafternoon.

答案：A

听第9段材料，回答第13〜16题。

Text9

M:"Hello,Jane.ThisisPeterspeaking.

W:Hi,howareyou?

M:Fine.AndI'vegotsomegreatnewsforyou.

W:Really?What'sitabout?

M:Irememberyouareinterestedinwatchinggolfgames.TheHoustonOpenwill

berunningfromMay26toMay30.I'msureyouwillbegladtowatchthegame.

W:Oh,that'sgreat.Butjustamoment,letmecheck.Ah...Itisapity

thatIcan'tmakeit.14IwillbeonbusinessinChinafromMay25toJune2.

M:Well,msorryyouhavetobeawayonbusinessthen.Letmesee."Another

game,theUSOpenwillberunningfromJuly15toJuly18.Howaboutthat?

W:That'sgreat.Iwillbeonmyholidaythen.%wouldbewonderfulifwe

couldwatchthegametogether.

13.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Onthephone.B.AtPeter'shome.

C.Inagym.

答案：A

14.WhywillthewomanmisstheHoustonOpen?

A.Shewillbehavingherholiday.

B.Shewillstayathome.

C.Shewillbeonbusinessabroad.

答案：C

15.WhenistheUSOpenrunning?

A.FromMay26toMay30.

B.FromMay25toJune2.

C.FromJuly15toJuly18.

答案：C

16.Whatwouldbewonderfulforthespeakers?

A.Beingonavacation.

B.Watchingthegametogether.

C.GoingtotheUS.

答案：B

听第10段材料，回答第17〜20题。

Text10

OneSundaymorning,Iwasdreamingofbeingaskedtotheofficebytheboss

whenIwaswokenupbyaphonecall.'7Itwasfromataxidriver.Hetoldmehe

hadmyfriend'scellphone.Myfriend,Mike,hadleftitinthetaxithenight

before.Thedrivercalledmeaccordingtothecallrecords.

Itwasarainingmorning.Fortaxidriversinthisbigcityitwasabigtime.

，HItoldhimtherewasataxicentrenotfarawayfrommyhome.Hecouldtakeit

there.ThenIquicklyjumpedoutofbedandgotdressed.1%henIwalkedthere

inhalfanhour,thedriverhadgoneaway.Hedidn,tleaveanythingexceptfor

thecellphone.

Iwasveryhappyformyfriend.Hemovedtothiscityafewdaysago,soI

dicin'tgettimetovisithimandthereforedicin'tknowwherehewasliving.I

e-mailedmyfriendtellinghimIhadhisphone.Myfriendwasveryexcitedtoget

backhiscellphone.四Hesaidhewouldwriteitonhisblogtosearchforthe

warm-hearteddriver.

17.WhocalledMike'sfriendonaSundaymorning?

A.Mike.B.Ataxidriver.C.Hisboss.

答案：B

18.Howdidthetaxidriverdeliverthecellphone?

A.HemailedittoMike.

B.HehandedittoMike'sfriend.

C.Heleftitinthetaxicentre.

答案：C

19.HowdidMike'sfriendgettothetaxicentre?

A.Hegotthereonfoot.B.Hetookataxi.

C.Hedrovethere.

答案：A

20.WhatwouldMikedoaftergettingthecellphoneback?

A.Searchforthedriverinthetaxicentre.

B.Contributetoanewspaperinsearchofthedriver.

C.Searchforthedriverbypostingablog.

答案：C

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

A

Fifteenyearsago,ItookasummervacationinLecceinsouthernItaly.After

climbingupahi11forapanoramic（全景的）viewofthebluesea,whitebuiIdings

andgreenolivetrees,Ipausedtocatchmybreathandthenpositionedmyselfto

takethebestphotoofthispanorama.

Unfortunately,justasItookoutmycamera,awomanapproachedfrombehind,

andplantedherselfrightinfrontofmyview.Likeme,thiswomanwasheretostop,

sighandappreciatetheview.

PatientasIwas,afterabout15minutes,mycamerascanningthesunand

reviewingtheshotIwouldeventuallytake,Igrewfrustrated.Wasittoomuchto

askhertomoveso1couldtakejustonepictureofthelandscape?Sure,Icould

haveaskedher,butsomethingpreventedmefromdoingso.Sheseemedsopleased

inherobservation.Ididn,twanttomesswiththat.

Another15minutespassedandIgrewbored.Thewomanwasstillthere.Idecided

totakethephotoanyway.AndnowwhenIlookatit,Ithinkherpresenceinthe

photoiswhatmakestheimageinteresting.Thelandscape,beautifulonitsown,

somehowcomestolifeandbreathesbecausethiswomanisengagingwithit.

Thisphoto,withtheuniquebeautythatunfoldedbeforemeandthatwomanwho

“ruined”it,nowhangsonawallinmybedroom.Whatwouldshethinkifsheknew

thatherfigureiscaptured（捕捉）andfrozenonsomestrangerJsbedroomwal1?A

bedroom,afterall,isaveryprivatespace,inwhichsomewomanIdon,teven

knowhasbeenimmortalized（使永存）.Insomeways,shelivesinmyhouse.

Perhapsweallliveineachothers'spaces.Perhapsthisiswhatphotosare

for:toremindusthatweallappreciatebeauty,thatweal1shareacommondesire

forpleasure,forconnection,forsomethingthatisgreaterthanus.

Thatphotoisareminder,acapturedmoment,anunspokenconversationbetween

twowomen,separatedonlybyathinsquareofglass.

【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要向我们描述了作者一次无奈拍摄到的一张被女人

干扰的照片，却显得尤为生动，也让作者明白了共享的美丽。

21.Whathappenedwhentheauthorwasabouttotakeaphoto?

A.Awomanblockedherview.

B.Hercamerastoppedworking.

C.Someoneaskedhertoleave.

D.Afriendapproachedfrombehind.

【解析】选Ao细节理解题。根据第二段内容^Unfortunately,justasItookoutmy

camera,awomanapproachedfrombehind,andplantedherselfrightinfrontofmy

view.Likeme,thiswomanwasheretostop,sighandappreciatetheview.“可

知，当作者要拍照时一个女人挡住了她的视线。

22.Accordingtotheauthor,thewomanwasprobably.

A.losingherpatience

B.enjoyingherself

C.waitingforthesunset

D.thinkingaboutherpast

【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句"Likeme,thiswomanwasheretostop,

sighandappreciatetheview.”可知，这个女人可能是在欣赏风景，放松自己。

23.IntheauthorJsopinion,whatmakesthephotosoalive?

A.Therichcolorofthelandscape.

B.Theperfectpositioningofthecamera.

C.Thesoftsunlightthatsummerday.

D.ThewomanJsexistenceinthephoto.

【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，现在当我看它的时候，我认为她在照片

里的出现使这张照片变得有趣。风景本身就很美，但不知何故却活了起来，呼吸了起来，因

为这位女士融入其中。所以作者认为，是照片中的女人的存在使照片如此生动。

B

（2020•长沙高一检测）

Inthewinterof1664—1665,abittercoldfellonLondoninthedaysbefore

Christmas.Abovethecity,anunusuallybrightcomet（彗星）shotacrossthesky,

excitingmuchpredictionofasnowstorm.Outsidethecitywall,awomanwas

announceddeadofadiseasethatwasspreadinginthatarea.Herhousewaslocked

upandthephrase“LordHaveMercyOnUs“waspaintedonthedoorinred.

BythefollowingChristmas,thevirusthathadkilledthewomanwouldgoon

tokillnearly100,000peoplelivinginandaroundLondon一almostathirdofthose

whodidnotflee.

InTheGreatPlague（瘟疫）,historianA.LloydMooteandmicrobiologistDorothy

C.Mooteprovideadeeplyinformedaccountofthisplagueyear.Readingthebook,

readersaretakenfromthepalacesofthecity'swealthiestcitizenstothepoor

areaswherethevastmajorityofLondonerswereliving,andtothesurrounding

countrysidewiththosewhofled.TheMootespointoutthat,evenattheheightof

theplague,thecitydidnotfallintochaos.Doctors,nursesandthechurchstaff

remainedinthecitytocareforthesick;cityofficialstriedtheirbesttofight

thecrisiswithallthelegaltools;andcommercecontinuedevenasbusinessesshut

down.

Todescribe1ifeanddeathinandaroundLondon,theauthorsfocusonthe

experiencesofnineindividuals.Throughtheirlettersanddiaries,theMootes

offerfreshdescriptionsofkeyissuesinthehistoryoftheGreatPlague:how

differentcommunitiesunderstoodandexperiencedthedisease;howmedical,

religious,andgovernmentbodiesreacted;howwellthesocialorderheldtogether;

theeconomicandmoraldilemmaspeoplefacedwhendebatingwhethertofleethecity;

andthenatureofthematerial,social,andspiritualresourcessupportingthose

whoremained.Basedonhumanity（人性），theauthorsofferamasterfulportraitof

acityanditsinhabitantsattackedby一anddaringlyresisting一unimaginable

horror.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了在1664年至1665年冬天，伦敦地区发生了瘟

疫，将近10万人死于这场瘟疫。历史学家A.LloydMoote和微生物学家DorothyC.Moote

在《大瘟疫》这本书中记述了当时人们是如何应对这场瘟疫的。

24.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?

A.Acometalwaysfollowsastorm.

B.Londonwasunderanapproachingthreat.

C.Londonwaspreparedforthedisease.

D.Thewomanwasthebeginningofthedisease.

【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段倒数第二句uOutsidethecitywall,awomanwas

announceddeadofadiseasethatwasspreadinginthatarea.“可知，一场瘟疫正

在逼近伦敦。

25.WhatdotheMootessayaboutLondonduringtheGreatPlague?

A.Thecityremainedorganized.

B.Theplaguesparedtherichareas.

C.Thepeopletriedalotinvain.

D.Themajorityfledandthussurvived.

【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段内容“TheMootespointoutthat,evenatthe

heightoftheplague,...andcommercecontinuedevenasbusinessesshutdown”

可知，疫情期间，伦敦并没有乱作一团，仍然井然有序。

26.WhydotheMootesfocusonthenineindividuals?

A.Theywerefamouspeopleinhistory.

B.TheyallmanagedtosurvivethePlague.

C.Theyprovidedvividstoriesofhumanity.

D.Theyunitedbythinkingandactingasone.

【解析】选Co细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句uBasedonhumanity,theauthors

offeramasterfulportraitofacityanditsinhabitantsattackedby—anddaringly

resisting—unimaginablehorror.”可知，作者集中描述这九个人在疫情期间的活动是

因为他们提供了“人性”的故事。

27.WhatJsthepurposeofthistext?

A.Tointroduceanewbook.

B.Tocorrectamisunderstanding.

C.Toreportanewresearch.

D.Toshowrespecttotheauthors.

【解析】选限推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，主要介绍《大瘟疫》这本书的内容，因此

作者的写作目的应该是介绍这本书。

C

（2020•宁夏高一检测）

IntheofficeoftheGermanprimeministerAngelaMerkel,there

isapictureofCatherinetheGreat,thelegendary（传奇的）Russian

Empress.Whenaskedwhyshehasthepicture,Merkelsays,“Shewas

astrongwoman”.ManysaythesameofMerkel.

Themostpowerfulwomanintheworld,accordingtoUSForbes

magazine,wasinChinalastweek.Shecametodiscusstradeandenvironmentalissues

withChina'stopleaders.GermanyJsfirstwomanleaderisknownasabraveand

practicalstatesman（政治家）.

Evensincehertimeatschool,shehadthehabitofgettingeverythinginorder.

Everydaybeforedoingherhomeworkshewouldcleanthedeskandthinkaboutwhat

todonext."Ipreferalongtimeforfullpreparationstomakemydecision.But

onceIdecide,IwillstandupforwhatIbelieve,“Merkelsaid.Perhapsitwas

goodhabitsthathelpedherdowellinherstudies.At32,shegotadoctordegree

inphysicsandthensheworkedasaresearcher.

However,thelifeofascholarcouldn,tputoffherloveofpolitics.While

workinginlabs,Merkeltooktimeofftoreadpoliticalbooksandatlastjoined

apoliticalparty."Hercalmnesshelpedherstandoutintheparty.Shecouldalways

findawayoutwhileothersfelthopeless,“saidoneofheroldfriends.

InherfirstbigpoliticaljobasMinisterfortheEnvironmentin1994,her

scientificbackgroundprovedveryuseful.In2005shebecameGermany?syoungest

primeministersincethesecondWorldWar.

Nowhalfwaythroughherfour-yearterm,the53-year-oldwomanhasmadeaname

forherselfbothinGermanyandabroad.AttheEUsummit（欧盟峰会）in2005when

FrancequarreledwithBritainovertheEUbudget,somepeoplebelievedtheEUwas

closetobreakingdown.ButMerkeldidn'tgiveup.Sheshuttled（穿梭）betweenthe

headsofthetwopowersandhadthemreachedanagreement.

“Strengthcomesfromcomposure（镇定）andcourage.ManypeoplesayIamastrong

woman.ButIwouldrathersayIhaveperseverance,“saidMerkel.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了德国总理默克尔，她是个坚强的女性，也是个“铁

娘子”。

28.WhydoesMerkelputapictureofCatherinetheGreatonthewallofheroffice?

A.BecauseCatherinetheGreatisbeautiful.

B.BecauseMerkelwantstobeastrongwomantoo.

C.BecauseMerkel1ikesthedrawingskillofit.

D.Becauseitisveryexpensive.

【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句"Whenaskedwhyshehasthepicture,

Merkelsays,“Shewasastrongwoman”.ManysaythesameofMerkel.可知，默

克尔也想做凯瑟琳大帝那样的坚强女性。

29.Whatisthecorrectorderofthefollowingevents?

a.becametheGermanChancellor（总理）

b.gotadoctorate（博士学位）inphysicsandthensheworkedasaresearcher

c.joinedapoliticalparty

d.tookpartintheEUsummit

e.workedasMinisterfortheEnvironment

A.bcadeB.cbdaeC.bceadD.cbaed

【解析】选C。细节理解题。通读全文可知，她先是在大学获得博士学位，从事研究；然后

加入政党；接下来担任了环境部长；2005年担任总理；最后参加欧盟峰会。

30.WhichstatementisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Merkelusuallyhurriestomakeadecisionwhenfacingdifficulties.

B.AttheEUsummitin2005,therelationshipbetweenFranceandBritainwasin

tension.

C.Merkelisawel1-knownleaderallovertheworld.

D.Sheisoutstandingbecauseofhercalmness.

【解析】选Ao推理判断题。根据最后一段"'Strengthcomesfromcomposureandcourage.

ManypeoplesayIamastrongwoman.ButIwouldrathersayIhaveperseverance,'

saidMerkel.”可知，她是很镇定的，不会匆忙做决定。

31.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Anexcellentlecturer

B.Germany*sironlady

C.Thechangeofascholar

D.Theyoungestchancellor

【解析】选B。主旨大意题。阅读全文，根据内容可知，介绍了德国总理默克尔，她是一个

坚强的女性，也是个“铁娘子”。所以，GermanyJsironlady（德国的铁娘子）是本文最佳

标题。

D

Doyouknowwhypeopleyawn（打哈欠）？Themostobviousansweristhatweyawn

becausewearetired.Butwhydoesbeingtiredmakeusyawn?Howdoesyawninghelp

us?Thetruthisthatwedon'tknowtheanswerstothesequestions.Scientistshave

differenttheoriesaboutwhyweyawn,butnobodyhasbeenabletoprovethem.

Thefirstoneisthe“oxygentheoryw.Inthepast,oneofthemostpopular

theorieswasthatweyawninordertotakemoreoxygen.Whenweyawnwebreathemore

deeply.Accordingtothistheory,ourbrainsmakeusyawnbecauseweneedmore

oxygen.However,thesedaysmoreandmorescientistsareagainsttheoxygentheory.

Thesecondoneisthe“braincooling“theory.Accordingtothistheory,we

yawnwhenourbrainsgettoowarm.Yawningmakesourbrainscooleragain.Whenour

brainsarecooler,wecanthinkmoreclearly.Yawningcanhelpkeepusalert（警

觉）.Thistheoryhasn,tbeenprovenyet,butmanyscientiststhinkthatitwill

beproveninthefuture.

Hereareafewotherinterestingfactsaboutyawning.First,yawningis

contagious（可传染的）.Ifyouseeanotherpersonyawn,thenyouwillbemorelikely

toyawn,too.Second,weyawnevenbeforeweareborn.Studieshaveshownthat

babiesyawnwhilethey'restillintheirmotherJsstomach.Theystarttoyawnafter

24weeks.Finally,wearemorelikelytoyawnwhenwe'rebored.Whyisyawning

contagious?Whydoweyawnwhenwe'reboredortired?Thetruthisthatwedon't

haveanyanswerstothesequestions,either.

【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。讨论了关于人们为什么打哈欠的两个理论，第一个是“氧

气理论”，第二个是“大脑冷却”理论。讲清了一些关于打哈欠的其他有趣的事实。

32.Whatdoes"them"refertoattheendofthefirstparagraph?

A.Yawns.B.Scientists.

C.Theories.D.Questions.

【解析】选Co词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句aScientistshavedifferenttheoriesabout

whyweyawn,butnobodyhasbeenabletoprovethem.”可知，科学家们对我们为什

么打哈欠有不同的理论，但是没有人能够证明这些理论，所以them指的是“理论”。

33.Whatdoesthearticlesayaboutthe“oxygentheory”?

A.It'sthemostrecenttheory.

B.Fewscientistsbelieveitnow.

C.Moreandmorescientistsbelieveit.

D.Weknowthatit'scorrect.

【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句"However,thesedaysmoreandmore

scientistsareagainsttheoxygentheory.”可知，现在很少有科学家相信氧气理论了0

34.WhathappenswhenapersonJsbrainiscooler?

A.Thepersongetsmoretired.

B.Thepersonisinabadmood.

C.Thepersonthinksmoreclearly.

D.Thepersonbecomeslessalert.

【解析】选Co细节理解题。根据第三段第四句"Whenourbrainsarecooler,wecanthink

moreclearly.可知，当一个人的大脑变冷时，他会想得更清楚。

35.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Wecanyawnonlyafterweareborn.

B.Wehaveknowntheanswerwhyweyawn.

C.Whenweseeanotherpersonyawn,wemightyawn,too.

D.Scientistswillneverprovetheabraincooling,,theory.

【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句Ifyouseeanotherpersonyawn,then

youwillbemorelikelytoyawn,too.”可知,当我们看到别人打哈欠时，我们也会

打哈欠。

【技巧点拨】

代词指代题要求同学们根据语境的逻辑关系判断画线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代

的对象，包括考查it（指动物，无生命的事物、特定的事件或人），they/them（指代人、物、

事件的复数名词），he/she等人称代词的指代意义，以及指示代词this,that,these,

those等在文章中的指代意义，考查同学们对文章中叙述特定的人、物、事件的认知能力。

解答这类题时，同学们要认真阅读画线词所在句和前后临近句的内容，分析人称转换和动

作变换的详细过程，理清来龙去脉和前后的因果关系，从而准确推断其指代的对象。如第

32小题，根据上文Scientistshavedifferenttheoriesaboutwhyweyawn,butnobody

hasbeenabletoprovethem.可知，科学家们对我们为什么打哈欠有不同的理论，但是

没有人能够证明这些理论，故them指的是“理论”，故选C。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为

多余选项。

Adailymultivitaminmaygiveyourwell-beinganextrabenefit,butifyou've

everswallowedoneandfeltsickrightafter,youknowit'shardlyapleasant

experience.36

You'retakingvitaminsonanemptystomach.

Vitaminsthataremoreacidinnature,likevitaminC,maycausenausea（恶

心）ifthey'reconsumedonanemptystomach.VitaminsA,D,EandK,unlikesome

others,maybebetterabsorbedwhennottakenwithfood.

37

Vitaminsarelikemedicinesinthattheycanactoneachotherandother

medicinesyou'retaking.38Someresearchsuggeststhatmultivitaminscould

causesideeffectswhentakenatthesametimewithhighestrogen（雌激素）levels.

There'salotofironinyourpill.

Multivitaminsthatcontainalotofironorironsupplementsthemselvescan

causenausea.Thisisespeciallytrueifyou'retakingthemoutsideofameal.Iron

isinterestinginthatit'sbestabsorbedonanemptystomach,butit'shardest

totakeonanemptystomachbecauseofthenausea.39Itmightdecreasethe

absorptionalittlebitbutit'sbetterthannothing.

Allergicreactionsideeffects.

Sincemultivitaminscontainsomanyvitaminsandminerals,allergicreactions

arecertainlypossible.Mildallergicreactionscanincludeitchiness（痒）and

hives（尊麻疹）.40Shouldyouexperiencemoreadvancedsignsofanallergic

reaction,suchasbreathingtrouble,chestpain,widespreadhivesoraswollenfacial

region?Visittheclosestemergencyroomimmediately.

A.You'retakingvitaminswithothermedicines.

B.Thesestomachissuescanbeextremelydisturbing.

C.Belowareafewreasonswhymultivitaminsmaybemakingyouill.

D.Ifyouexperiencethesesideeffects,stopusingandcontactyourdoctor.

E.It'sbettertotakeitwithfoodthantryingtakingitonanemptystomach.

F.It'simportanttodiscusswithanexpertthetimingofthesevitamins.

G.Pleasereviewthecombinationstomakesuretherearenoharmfulinteractions.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了服用多种维生素可能让人感到不适的几种原因。

36.【解析】选C。根据下文小标题You'retakingvitaminsonanemptystomach.ThereJs

alotofironinyourpill.和Allergicreactionsideeffects.可知从第二段到第

五段都是分析让人感到不适的原因，故C项正确。

37.【解析】选A。根据下文Vitaminsarelikemedicinesinthattheycanactoneach

otherandothermedicinesyou'retaking.可知本段讲的是各种维生素之间以及维生素

与其他药物之间相互作用，故A项正确。

38.【解析】选G。根据上文可知各种维生素之间以及维生素与其他药物之间会相互作用；根

据下文可知当雌激素水平高时服用多种维生素可能引起副作用。所