专题10 科学新发现与航天-中考英语时文阅读专项训练

中考英语热点时文阅读专题10科学新发现与中国航天姓名：_________班级：_________学号：_________阅读理解A篇:改革开放45周年：藏在变化中的幸福。B篇：余华成为首登《巴黎评论》“作家访谈”的中国作家。C篇：用“人脑”做的“生物计算机”诞生！D篇：科学新发现：霸王龙吃什么？化石揭示它们的饮食秘密。E篇：拾金不昧是美德，也是义务F篇：首个古籍大语言模型“荀子”发布G篇：中国商业航天也在迅速发展。语法填空：诗歌欣赏：王昌龄《塞下曲》——血泪交织的史诗尽显战争的残酷。A阅读理解（原创）Thisyearmarksthe45thanniversaryofthebeginningofreformandopening-up(改革开放)．Duringthistime,Chinahasseenatremendoustransformation．AccordingtotheNationalBureauofStatistics,from1978to2017,China’stotalvalueofimportsandexportsincreasedfrom35．5billionyuanto27．8trillionyuan．XuZhaolin,25,andherfamilyhavefirst-handexperienceofseeingtheimpactofthischange．Herfather,XuZhenhe,boughthisfirstJapanese-madecamerain1998ataphotographyequipmentstoreinBeijing．“Atthattime,peoplecouldonlybuyimportedphotographyequipmentlikethisatparticularstoresandthecamerasusedfilm,”saidthe57-year-old．Afterjustovertwodecades,filmcamerasarenowseldomseeninthemarketplace．“Nowthecamerafunctionsonoursmartphonesarediverseenoughtomeetourneeds,”

XuZhaolinsaidexcitedly．Sheaddedthattodaywecanfindamuchlargervarietyofimportedgoodsonline．TherehavealsobeensignificantchangesinChina’sfoodsupplyandtransaction(交易)methods．XiaoYao,a14-year-oldstudentfromChengdu,Sichuan,feltquitemovedwhenhergrandmothersharedthispartofhistory．WhenXiao’sgrandmotherHuangKunrongwasachild,sheusedliangpiao,orfoodrationcoupons,togetherfoodallowance．Eachpersonhadafixedquantityofgraineverymonth．“Sometimespeopledidn’thaveenoughricetoeat,sotheycouldonlyeatstoredcoarsegrain(粗粮)likesweetpotatoes,”saidHuang．ThatwasthesituationHuangfacedoncewhenshehadtotakecareofhersickgrandmother．“Imanagedtoturntherotten(腐烂的)sweetpotatoesintoporridgeandservedittomygrandma,butitstillstank(有异味)．Ifeltutterlyhelplessanddesperate,”Huangsaid．Today,Chinesepeoplenolongerhavetofacehungeraspastgenerationsdid,nordotheyneedtousecouponstogetfood．Instead,theyusetheirphones．ThroughtheuseofasimpleandconvenientQRcodes,peoplecanbuyanythingtheywantwithoutlimits．“Evenmygrandmotherwhowasborninthe‘couponera’thinksitissoconvenient!”saidXiao．1．Whatdoweknowfromthearticle?A．The50thanniversaryofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaB．The45thanniversaryofthebeginningofreformandopening-upinChinaC．The25thyearsincetheestablishmentoftheNationalBureauofStatisticsD．ThecentenarycelebrationoftheCommunistPartyofChina2．WhatdidpeopleuseforpurchasingfoodduringXiao’sgrandmother’syouth?A．Creditcards．B．QRcodes．C．Foodrationcoupons．D．Cashonly．3．WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredaboutXuZhenhe’sexperiencewithphotographyequipment?A．Hecouldeasilypurchaseimportedcamerasin1998．B．HeboughtaChinese-madecamerafromaninternationalstore．C．Importedphotographyequipmentwasnotcommonandhadlimitedaccesspoints．D．Heneverwitnessedthetransitionfromfilmcamerastodigitalcameras．4．BasedonHuangKunrong’sexperience,whatcanbeinferredaboutlifeduringheryouth?A．Foodwasabundantlyavailabletoeveryonewithoutrestrictions．B．Foodhadtoberationedandbasicgoodsweresometimesscarce．C．Sweetpotatoeswerethepreferredchoiceoffood．D．QRcodeswereusedforfoodtransactions．5．Whichstatementbestdescribethemainideaofthearticle?A．ThearticlediscussesChina’stechnologicaladvancementsinphotographyequipmentovertheyears．B．ThearticleoutlinesthedramatictransformationofChina’seconomyandtheimpactondailylifesincethereformandopening-up．C．ThearticleisprimarilyfocusedonthehistoricaluseoffoodrationcouponsinChina．D．ThearticleisanexplorationofmodernChinesepurchasinghabits,particularlyregardingonlineshopping．B阅读理解（原创）AfamousmagazinecalledTheParisReviewdidsomethingreallyspecial–theytalkedtoaChinesewriternamedYuHua．ItwasthefirsttimeaChineseauthorgottosharetheirthoughtsinapartofthemagazinethatfocusesonwriters．YuHuawasbornin1960andwritesbooksthatmakeyouthinkaboutbigquestionslikewhywe’rehereandwhathappenswhenwedie．HisstoriesareaboutpeoplefromChinawhogothroughalotofchanges．OneofYu’sbooksiscalled“ToLive,”《活着》andtellsaboutaguynamedXuFuguiwhonevergivesup,evenwhenthingsgetreallytough．Anotherstory,“ChronicleofaBloodMerchant,”《许三观卖血记》isaboutXuSanguan,whohastosellhisownbloodtofaceproblemsinlife．Butthenhegetsreallysadwhennobodyneedshisblood．EventhoughYu’sstoriesmightmakeyoufeelabitsad,he’safunnyguyinreallife．Heevenjokedaboutwantingtobeawritersonoalarmclockwouldwakehimup!WhenYuwasakid,heusedtobeattheheatbysleepinginacoolplacewheretheykeptpeoplewhohadpassedaway．Andsometimes,he’dpretendhistummyhurtsomuch,theythoughtheneededsurgery!Hisexperiencesturnedintostoriesthatreallygrabpeople’sattention—especiallyyoungreaders．TheylikehowYuunderstandswhat’spopularanddoesn’tsoundlikehe’steachingalesson．Heeventalkedabout“lyingflat,”awaytodescribehowpeopledecidenottocompeteallthetime．Someyoungfanssaythattheycompletelygetwhathemeansandthinkit’scool．ThiswayofconnectingwithyoungpeoplewithoutbeingtooseriousisonereasonwhyYuHuaislikedsomuch．AstudentwholikeshisbookssaidthatYuknowshowtotalktoyoungreadersbybeingfunnyandrelatable,evencallinghimselfa‘scruffylittledog’likeit’sabadgeofhonor．1．WhatisspecialaboutTheParisReview’sinteractionwithYuHua?A．YuHuahasbecometheirneweditor．B．ItwasthefirsttimeforaChineseauthorinaspecificsectionofthemagazine．C．YuHuawasdiscussinghisfuturebookplansinthemagazine．D．ThemagazinefeaturedYuHuaasthemostinfluentialChinesewriter．2．WhatdoweknowaboutYuHuaandhisworks?A．HeisthemostproductiveChinesewriter．B．HehaswontheNobelPrizeinLiterature．C．Hisbooksofferinsights（洞察）intohumannature．D．Hisnovelsarebasedonreal-lifestories．2．Whatis“lyingflat”inthecontextofthearticle?A．AnewtrendinChina’syounggenerationtoavoidcompetition．B．AconceptinYuHua’sstorytorepresentapassivecharacter．C．AwritingstylethatYuHuaadoptedforhisbooks．D．YuHua’sbeliefintheimportanceofrestforproductivity．4．Accordingtothearticle,whyisYuHuapopularamongyoungreaders?A．Hissupernaturalstoriesaboutafterlifeexperiences．B．Hisstrictteachingmethodinwritingandliterature．C．Hisabilitytoengagewithyouthfulaudiencesusinghumorandrelevance．D．Hisdetailedautobiographiesthatinspireyoungreaders．5．Whichstatementbestcapturesthemainideaofthearticle?A．YuHua’shumorouspersonalitymarksacontrastwithhisprofoundwriting．B．TheParisReviewhonorsYuHuaforhiscontributiontoChineseliterature．C．YuHuasharesinsightsintohispersonallifeandconnectionwithyoungreaders．D．YuHua,aChinesewriter,isgaininginternationalrecognitionforhiswork．C阅读理解Thehumanbrainisapowerfulnaturalcomputerthathasevolvedovertensofthousandsofyears．Butwhatwouldyougetifyoucombinedthisbiologicalcomputerwitharealone?

ResearchersatIndianaUniversityBloomingtonintheUShavelinkedhumanbrain-liketissuestoanelectronicchip(芯片),whichcanperformsimplecomputertasks．Theircreation,namedBrainoware,ispartofagrowingfieldcalledbiologicalcomputingthatmightonedayoutperform(超过)currentcomputers,accordingtoNature．Thebrain-liketissuestheresearchersused,alsoknownasbrainorganoids(类器官),weren’tpartofalivingperson’sbrain．Theywere“grown”fromhumanstemcells(干细胞),whicharecapableofproducingdifferenttypesofcellsandformingbodytissues．Ittooktwomonthsforthestemcellstomatureintoanorganoid．Theresearchersthenplacedoneorganoidontoanelectronicchipwiththousandsofelectrodes(电极)．Althoughorganoidsaremuchsimplerandsmallerthananactualbrain,theyactsimilarlytohumanbrains,suchasrespondingtoelectricalsignals,whichiswhatourbraindoesallthetime．Theseresponsesleadtochangesinthebrain,whichfuelourabilitytolearn．

TotestBrainoware,theresearchersuseditforvoicerecognitionbytrainingitwith240Japaneserecordingsspokenbyeightspeakers．Theyfoundthattheorganoidreacteddifferentlytowardeachvoice．Withanaccuracyof78percent,itsuccessfullyidentifiedthespeakersbyshowingdifferentneural(神经的)activities．

What’sspecialaboutBrainowareisthatresearcherscantakeadvantageoftheorganoid’scomplexitywithoutunderstandingitscellnetworks,accordingtoDailyMail．Inotherwords,scientistsdon’tneedtoknowexactlyhowtheorganoidworksinordertouseit．Accordingtotheresearchers’workpublishedinDecember,combiningorganoidsandelectronicchipscouldincreasethespeedandefficiencyofAIinthefuture．Also,suchmodelscanbeusedtostudyhumanbrains,accordingtoNature．UsingBrainowaretomodelandstudyneurologicaldisorders(神经系统疾病),suchasAlzheimer’sdisease,isoneexample．Itcouldalsobeusedtotesttheeffectsofdifferenttreatmentsforsuchdiseases．“That’swherethepromiseis:usingthesetoonedayhopefullyreplaceanimalmodelsofthebrain,”ArtiAhluwalia,aresearcherinItaly,toldNature．1．Whatcanwelearnaboutthetissuesusedbytheresearchersfromthetext?A．Theywereartificiallyconstructed．B．Theywereharvestedfromdeadhumanbodies．C．Theyformedacompletehumanbrain．D．Theywereculturedfromspecifichumancells．

2．WhatachievementdidBrainowareaccomplishinthevoicerecognitiontest?A．Distinguishingthevoicesbetweenspeakers．B．Understandingthecontentoftherecordings．C．Showingpreferencesforsomeofthevoices．D．Correctlymatchingallthespeakerswiththeirvoices．

3．WhatmakesBrainowaredistinctive,accordingtoDailyMail?A．Noin-depthknowledgeoforganoidsisneededtouseit．B．Itscomplexityiseasytolearnandunderstand．C．Itopensupnewpossibilitiesforstudyinghumanbrains．D．Itscellnetworksareexactlythesameasthoseofhumanbrains．4．WhatdoesthelastparagraphfocusonregardingBrainoware?A．ItsinfluenceonAItechnology．B．Itscontributiontoanimalwelfare．C．Itspotentialapplications．D．Itsunderlyingproblems．D阅读理解Gorgosaurus(戈尔冈龙)isacousinofT．rex(霸王龙)．Itlivedabout75millionyearsagoinancientAlberta,Canada．Now,afossil(化石)ofayoungGorgosaurusishelpingscientistsunderstandthedietofthistypeofdinosaurs．It’sthefirstskeleton(骨骼)ofthisdinosaurtypeeverfoundwithstomachcontents(胃内容物)stillinside,saidTheNewYorkTimes．Whenbeinglookedatinamuseumin2010,thefossiloftheyoungGorgosauruswasfoundtohavetoebones(脚趾骨)thatbelongedtoanothertypeofdinosaur．Theywerethetoesoftwoparrot-likedinosaurscalledcaenagnathids(近颌龙科)．TheyoungGorgosaurushadeatentheirlegswhichwererichinprotein(蛋白质)．

“Thisfossilprovidesthefirstdirectevidence(证据)thatyoungGorgosauruswasstillfeedingonsmalleranimalscomparedtotheadultGorgosaurus,”saidscientistDarlaZelenitskyattheUniversityofCalgary,Canada．Shesharedherfindingsinanewstudy．Gorgosaurusmaynothavebeenactively(积极地)feedingitsyoung,andtheyounghadtotakecareofthemselves,ThomasCullenfromAuburnUniversity,intheUS,toldNationalGeographic．TheyoungGorgosauruswasabout13percentofanadultGorgosaurusinsize．Boththehunteranditsprey(猎物)werelessthanoneyearold．LittledinosaurswereeasypreyforyoungGorgosaurusandT．rextopracticetheirhuntingskills．WhenGorgosaurusandT．rexgrewup,theywouldeatlargerdinosaursforfood．

InplacesinAsiaandothercontinents(大陆)wherelargeT．rexlived,medium-sizeddinosaurscouldalsobefound．However,inNorthAmerica,whereGorgosaurusandT．rexlived,medium-sizeddinosaursweregenerallyabsent．Thereasonbehindthisisthatthemedium-sizeddinosaurswereontheplateofGorgosaurusandT．rexinNorthAmerica．“HowGorgosaurusandT．rexgrewupinNorthAmericaseemsunique,”wroteNationalGeographic．

1．Fromthefossil,wecanlearnthattheGorgosaurus_____．A．diedyoungB．wasafemaleC．isanewlyfoundspeciesD．wasasmall-sizeddinosaur2．Whatdidscientistsfindfromthestomachcontents?A．Caenagnathidswerethemainfoodof

Gorgosaurus．B．AyoungGorgosauruscouldonlyhunt

smallanimals．C．Caenagnathidsdiedfromalackoffood．D．Caenagnathidsonlyatesmalleranimals．

3．Theword“prey”inParagraph4refersto_____．A．thecaenagnathidsB．theGorgosaurusC．theT．rexD．thefossil4．WhatdoweknowfromThomasCullen?A．Gorgosaurus’dietishardtoknow．B．Gorgosauruslivedalonesincechildhood．C．Gorgosaurusstartedtolearnhuntingskillsfromchildhood．

D．Gorgosauruscouldnotfightlargeanimals．5．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．T．rexwasthelastlivingdinosaurspeciesofthatperiod．B．T．rexwaspickyaboutitslivingenvironment．C．T．rexwasonlyfoundinAsiaandNorthAmerica．D．T．rexatemedium-sizeddinosaursalloverNorthAmerica．E阅读理解（原创）It’sniceforsomeonetoreturnthemoneyheorshefoundtotheowner．It’salsowhatpeopleneedtodobylaw．Recently,auniversitystudentlefthersmartphoneinarestaurant．Amanlaterpickeditup．Whenthephoneownerfoundtheman,heaskedfor2,000yuanfromtheowner．Heevensaidthathewoulddeletealltheinformationonthephoneiftheownerwouldn’tgivehimthemoney．Theownercouldn’tprovidethemoney,andshedidn’thaveto．Thepolicesuggestedthattheownershouldfilealawsuit(起诉)againsttheman．AccordingtotheCivilCode(《民法典》),whenyoufindsomethingbyaccident,youmustnotkeepitasyourown．Youcaneithertelltheownertocomeandgetitifyoucanreachhimorher．Oryoucanhanditovertothepolice．Inonesituationthefindercangetmoneyfromtheowner．Bylaw,theownershouldgivebackanymoneythefinderhadtospendforsafekeeping．Theownershouldalsocoverthetravelingexpensesofthefinderwhenheorshereturnsthelostthing．Otherthanthis,thefindershouldn’taskformore

money,suchasarewardforgivingitback．Ifthefinderkeepsthelostthingsonpurpose,heorshemayfaceuptotwoyearsinprisonifthelostthingsareveryvaluable．1．Whatshouldthestudentdotogetherphoneback?A．Givetheman2,000yuan．B．Buythemananotherphone．C．Gethelpfromthelaw．D．Askforhelpfromtherestaurantowner．2．Whatshouldfindersdoiftheycannotreachowners?A．Putthethingsbackwheretheywerefound．B．Waitfortheownerstolookforthem．C．Handoverthelostthingstothepolice．D．Keepthelostthingsastheirown．3．Whencanafinderasktheownerformoney?A．Thelostthingisveryexpensive．B．Thefindergivestheownerbacktheirthings．

C．Thefinderspendsmoneytohelp．D．Theownerlosesthethingonpurpose．4．Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanyoureadthetext?A．Lawsandsociety．B．Humannature．C．Universitycourses．D．Accidentandsafety．F阅读理解Thousandsofyearsago,text(文本)appearedonanimalbonesandbamboobeforetheywerewrittenonpaper．NowancientChinesetextshavea“newcontainer(容器)”inthemodernage．

Recently,aresearchteamfromNanjingAgriculturalUniversitytogetherwithGulian,aleadingancientChinesetextpublisher,introducedalargelanguagemodelcalledXunzi．

“TraditionalChinesecharactersandtheabsence(缺失)ofpunctuationmarks(标点符号)arealwaysmakingreadingtraditionaltextshard,”saidWangDongbo,wholedtheresearch,explainingwhytheymadethelargelanguagemodel．

Tocreatethismodel,WangandhispartnersdidalotofresearchonChineseclassicslikeSikuQuanshu(《四库全书》)ortheCompleteLibraryinFourSections．“Wehadtoworkontwobillion(十亿)Chinesecharactersandourworkgaveusagoodstart,”saidWang．However,itisnoeasyjob．Wangsaidtheyneedtolearntheseclassicsfirstandthenmarkthecharactersintodifferentcategories(分类),likeadjectives(形容词)andnouns(名词),whichareputintothemodel．

Buttheireffortseemstobepayingoff．Now,themodelcanhelpusersunderstandandanalyze(分析)ancientChinesetexts．Forexample,whenuserstype“shangu”intothechatbox,theymaynotonlygettheinformationthat“shangu”means“valley”butalsolearnthatitcouldbeaperson’scourtesyname(字)inancientChinesetexts．

“Themodelcanhelpuslearnmoreinformationhiddeninourculturallegacy(文化遗产)andfindunnoticed(未被注意到的)connections,”saidWang．

1．WangDongboandhisteammadethelargelanguagemodelto_____．A．figureouttheancientpunctuationmarksB．collectalltraditionalChinesecharactersC．makereadingtraditionaltextseasierD．doresearchonChineseclassics2．Creatingthislargelanguagemodelis_____．A．difficultB．meaninglessC．simpleD．quick3．TheexampleinParagraph6shows_____．A．whatthemodelcandoB．whythemodelwascreatedC．whatpeoplethinkaboutthemodelD．whatdisadvantagesthemodelhas4．AccordingtoWang,thenewmodelcanhelpus_____．A．spreadChinesetraditionalcultureB．learnancientpeople’slivesintherightwayC．learntheideasofXunzibetterD．betterunderstandourowncultureG阅读（原创）InChina,there’salotofexcitementaboutbusinessesgoingtospace!Somenewcompaniesareworkinghardonrocketsthatcangotospacemorethanjustonce．Theirgoalistobeasgoodasthetopcompaniesintheworldthatdothesamething．OnDecember10,onerocketcalledSQX2Ydiditssecondtestflightanddidreallywell．ThisrocketcomesfromacompanyinBeijingcallediSpace．What’scoolaboutthisrocketisthatitusesacertainkindofgasthatisbothcheapandeasytoget．JiHaibo,theguywhoisthemainrocketcreator,saidthisflightshowstheirrocketcanflymultipletimes．Healsosaidhisteamisgettingreallygoodatsomeimportantspaceshipbuildingskills．Then,there’sanotherrocketnamedZhuque2．IthadabigmomentgoingtospaceonDecember9fromaplacecalledJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenter．ItwasthethirdtimeZhuque2successfullyflew!Andjustafewdaysbefore,onDecember5,thissameplacesawthelaunchofanotherrocketnamedCERES1,whichplacedtwonewsatellitesintheexactpathsthey’resupposedtofollow．Itwasthe11thtimefortheCERES1series．AlltheserocketflightsareproofofhowfastChina’sspacebusinessisgrowing．Thegovernment’shelphasmadeabigdifferencetoo．Backin2014,Chinadecidedtoletprivatecompaniesgetinvolvedinspacework．Thisdecisioncreatedlotsofnewspacecompanies．Now,China’sspacebusinessishuge,worthmorethanlotsofmoney(over1trillionyuan),andtherearemorethan400companiesinit．Andthereareevenmorebigplansforthefuture．ThecompanythatbuiltZhuque2hassharedplansforanewrocketcalledZhuque3．Plannedfor2025,Zhuque3willusethesamecheapgasforfuel,bemadeoutofstrongmetal,andyoucanuseitatleast20times!LiuLei,whoisinchargeofbuildingrocketenginesatLandSpace,saysthatbecausetheykeepresearchingandgettingbetter,spacecompanieshavefiguredoutgoodwaystodothingsacrossallpartsoftheirbusiness．Hethinksthiswillhelpthewholespacebusinessdoreallywellandbecomesomethingthatlotsofpeopleareinterestedin．1．WhatisthenameoftherocketthatdiditssecondtestflightonDecember10?A．SQX2YB．Zhuque2C．CERES1D．Zhuque32．WhatisuniqueaboutthegasusedfortheSQX2YandplannedZhuque3rockets?A．Itisveryexpensive．B．Itisdifficulttofind．C．Itischeapandeasilyavailable．D．Itallowsrocketstotravelfaster．3．AccordingtoLiuLei,whatwillhelpthewholespacebusinessdoreallywell?A．ResearchandimprovementbyspacecompaniesB．StrongmetalusedinrocketconstructionC．Thegovernment’shelpD．Theuseofcheapgasasfuel4．WhatcanbeinferredaboutthefutureofChina’sspaceindustry?A．Itisexpectedtodeclineduetoalackofgovernmentsupport．B．Itwillprobablyfacemanytechnicalissuesandsetbacks．C．Ithasambitiousplansandislikelytocontinuegrowing．D．Itwillshiftfocustoonlysatellitelaunchesandavoidmannedflights．5．Whatisthemaintopicofthearticle?A．TheinvolvementofprivatecompaniesinspaceworkB．ThesuccessfultestflightsofChineserocketsC．PlansforfuturespacemissionsinChinaD．China’sfast-growingspacebusiness语法填空（原创）塞下曲(王昌龄)饮马渡秋水，水寒风似刀。平沙日未没，黯黯见临洮。昔日长城战，咸言意气高。黄尘足今古，白骨乱蓬蒿。SongoftheFrontier(II)(WangChangling)Wewaterhorsesandcrossautumnstreams,Likeaswordonwaterblowsthewindcold．

Onsandyplainthesunshedspartingbeams,Inthegloomloomsthecitywallofold．BytheGreatWallwefoughtwarsintheland;Ourwarriors’fightingspiritwasatitsheight．Historyisburiedintheyellowsand;Amongtheweedsarescatteredtheboneswhite．(TranslatedbyXuYuanchong)WangChanglingwasawell-knownpoetfromtheTangDynastyinancientChina,whichwasatimewhenartandliteratureflourished．He1．___________(live)from698to756ADandwrotemanypoemsaboutthe2．_______(life)ofsoldiersandthestrugglesofwar．Inhispoem“SongoftheFrontier(II),”WangChanglingtalksaboutsoldiersduringautumn,whentheywatertheirhorsesandfeelthecoldwind．Thewind3．__________(describe)assharpasaknife,whichshowshowhardtheconditionsareforthesoldiers．Healsotalksaboutthefadingsunandtheoldcitywalls,whichcreatesakindofsadandfadingatmosphere．Thepoemreflectsonpastbattlesandthebraveryofthesoldiers4．__________wereoncefulloffightingspirit．Butnow,allthat’sleftisthedustofhistoryandthebonesofthefallensoldiersscatteredamongtheweeds．Thewhitenessofthebonesshowsthattheyhavebeenthere5．__________alongtime,forgottenbyhistory．Heusesimagery,whichmeanshecreatespicturesin6_____________(we)mindswithhiswords．Heshowsusthecoldwind,theoldwalls,andthebonesinthesand．Allofthishelpsusfeelthesadmoodofthepoem．Thepoem’smainideaisabout7____________(remember)thepast．WangChanglingseemstobesadthatthesoldierswhowereoncefullof8___________(energetic)andfoughthardarenowforgotten,theirboneslyingwiththeland．Hewantsus9___________(remember)thesesoldiersandthinkabouthow10___________(brave)theyfought．It’sawayofshowingrespectforthemandthinkingabouthistory．参考答案A阅读理解（原创）【答案】BCCAB【解析】本文阐述自改革开放以来中国经济的巨大转型以及这种转型对人们日常生活的影响。1．B文章第一句提到“今年标志着改革开放开始的第45周年”，这说明本文提及的是改革开放45周年的纪念时刻。其他选项没有在文章中提到。2．C根据第六段，Xiao的祖母年轻时用粮票（liangpiao，或称食品配给券）来获取食物配额。3．C。根据第三段，XuZhenhe在1998年买了他的第一台日本相机，并提到当时只能在特定的商店买到这样的进口摄影器材且相机使用胶卷，因此我们可以推断那时进口摄影器材不那么常见，购买点有限。4，B从HuangKunrong分享的她年轻时的经历，我们可以推断出食物是有限的，并且必须使用粮票进行配给，基本食物有时也是稀缺的。她提到有时人们没有足够的大米吃，所以只能吃储存的粗粮，如甘薯。5．B：文章主旨是阐述自改革开放以来中国经济的巨大转型以及这种转型对人们日常生活的影响。文章开头提到改革开放45周年，并提供了中国