高二第一学期期末考试英语考试题

衡阳市八中2022级高二第一学期期末考试试题英语命题人：易建华审题人：马豫晖注意事项：本试卷满分为150分，时量为120分钟听力（共两节，满分30分）（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatdidthemandoyesterday?A．Hegotapresent. B．Heworkedovertime. C．Heattendedaparty.2．HowdoesFelixfeelnow?A．Regretful. B．Encouraged. C．Sympathetic.3．HowwillHelentraveltoNewYork?A．Byplane. B．Bycar. C．Bytrain.4．Wherearethespeakers?A．Atabakery. B．Athome. C．Atschool.5．Whydidthewomanmakeanapologytotheman?A．Shebrokehiscar. B．Shecan’tmeetMarywithhim. C．Shecan’tgivehimaride.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答67小题。6．Whatmightthewomanbe?A．Awriter. B．Abookseller. C．Apublisher.7．Whatdoesthemanmeanintheend?A．Hecanfindthebookhimself.B．Heknowsthebookverywell. C．Hedoesn’tlikeadventurenovels.听第7段材料，回答89小题。8．WhathasbeenplantedinMr.Stenson’sfields?A．Cotton. B．Corn. C．Wheat.9．WhydoesLilythinkherunclecanprovidehelp?A．Heownsafarm. B．HelivesclosetoLily. C．Heisanexpertinfarming.听第8段材料，回答1012小题。10．WhatdidVickydotoimproveherChinese?A．ShetraveledtoChina.B．Shehadclasseswithhermother.C．Shelearnedfromatutoronline.11．HowmuchhasVickypaidtoimproveherChinesesofar?A．$600.B．$700.C．$800.12．HowdoesVickysoundintheend?A．Anxious.B．Grateful.C．Surprised.听第9段材料，回答1316小题。13．Whatwilltheweatherbelikeintheafternoon?A．Bright.B．Rainy.C．Cloudy.14．Fromwhichaspectofthebirdsdoestheoldfarmerknowtheweather?A．Theheightoftheirnests. B．Theshapeoftheirnests. C．Thewayinwhichtheyfly.15．Whyistheoldfarmer’sfathermentioned?A．Todiscusshowtotakeupfarming.B．Topersuadethewomantostudytheweather.C．Toshowwherethefarmerlearnedweatherprediction.16．Whichbehaviorofcattleindicatesarainydayaccordingtotheman?A．Wanderingaround. B．Lyingdown. C．Eatinggrasscarelessly.听第10段材料，回答1720小题。17．Whatdidthespeakermanagetodoeachdaylastyear?A．Sheran40minutes.B．Sheplayedonherphoneforonlyonehour.C．Shestartedthedaywithmakingplans.18．WhatpercentageofpeoplelikemakingNewYearresolutionsintheworld?A．About25%.B．About50%.C．About75%.19．WhatdoesJohnthinkofmakingresolutionsontheNewYear’sDay?A．It’sdifficult. B．It’simportant. C．It’sunnecessary.20．Whatisthespeakergoingtodiscussnext?A．WhytomakeNewYearresolutions.B．HowtoachieveNewYearresolutions.C．HowtomakeNewYearresolutions.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，滿分22.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABeyondBodyisasciencebasedfitnessandnutritionprogramintheshapeofthefirstpersonalizedwellnessbookintheworld.Itmakesdevelopingsustainablehealthyhabitseasier,whilehelpingtoimprovementalhealth.Itaddressesthemainproblemsthatmostweightlossprogramshave,motivatingyoutobringpositivechangesinallareasofyourlife.TheBeyondBodyapphelpsyoufollowtheprogramandtrackyourprogress.Itgoesbeyondsimplefoodideastoprovidemealplans,workouts,andlifestyletips.WhoIsBeyondBodyfor?TheBeyondBodyprogramisforanybodywhowantstoloseweightbyestablishinglifelonghealthandfitnessroutines,butnotidealforvegetarians.Itcanhelpyoudroppoundswhileenjoyinglonglastingchanges.HowtoBeginwithBeyondBody?Theprogramstartswithaquiz,includingquestionsonbodytype,fitnesslevel,healthconditions,foodpreferences,andmore.Youmustalsoenteryourcurrentandtargetweight.Afterpletingashortquiz,youcanchoosebetweenthehardcoveroreBook.Youcanalsoaddtheappforfurtherassistance.Next,itcreatesapersonalizedmealplanandgeneratestheBeyondBodybookinbothdigitalandphysicalformats.Thebookoutlinesyourplanandoffersadviceonnutritionandfitness.BeyondBodyPricingTheBeyondBodybookcosts$33.Forthisprice,yougetahardcopyanddigitalversion,plusfreeshipping.Fortheassistantapp,youmustpayamonthlysubscriptionfee.Withintheapp,you’llfindothercheckoutoptions,likeconsultationswithanutritionist.21.WhatisBeyondBodyusedtodo?A.Sellabook. B.Introduceanapp.C.Stresstheimportanceofweightloss.D.Provideaprogramtoloseweight.22.Howdoestheprogrambegin?A.Byaddinganapp. B.Byfillingaformat.C.Bychoosingabook. D.Bypletingaquiz.23.WhatdoweknowabouttheBeyondBodyapp?A.Itcanbeusedforfree. B.Itfocusesonmentalhealth.C.Ittracksweightlosingprogress.D.Itoffersfreeonlineconsultations.BCaiLei,formervicepresidentofJDGroup,revealshowamyotrophiclateralsclerosis(ALS)diagnosis(诊断)sethimonthepathtofindacure.Borntoafarmer’sfamilyin1978,Caihasbeendeeplyinfluencedbyhisfather’sideathat“onehastofightforhimself”.Sinceprimaryschool,hehasbeengettingupbefore5amtorunandstudyEnglish.At29,CaibecamechieftaxmanagerinVankeCo.In2011,hejoinedJDGroup,whereheledhisteamtodevelopthefirstelectronicinvoice(发票)inChina.Whereverheworked,healwaystriedhisbesttocreatenewvalue.DiagnosedwithALSin2019,hewouldhaveonlytwotofiveyearstolive.ALSisusuallycausedbythegradualdeathofmotorneurons(神经元),whichmakesnormallyeasymovementslikedrinkingwater,eating,goingtothebathroom,andspeakingimpossible.Finally,patientswillpletelyrelyonmachinesandothers’helptosurvive.Sofar,onlytwomedicinesareavailabletotreatALS,buttheycanatmostextendpatients’lifeforseveralmonthswithoutimprovingtheirlivingquality.TodevelopeffectivedrugsistheonlywaytosaveALSpatients.However,theintenseeffortrequired,whichisunprofitableforsorareanillness,makesitamissionalmostimpossible.Itusuallytakes1015yearstopletetheresearchcycleforanewdrugandthecostis$13billion.TakeAlzheimer’sdiseaseforexample.Between2000and2017,investmentinnewdrugsforthismoremondiseasewasover$600billion,and99.6%oftheresearchonmorethan300drugsfailed.Caidecidedtotakemattersintohisownhands.Hestartedhisownmedicaltechnologypany,builthisownresearchteam,andvolunteeredtotrymorethan30newmedicineswhichallfailed.However,hehasdecidedthatevenifalleffortsprovefruitless,hewillcontinue.Toshootthelastbullet,hehasdecidedtodonatehisbrainandspinalcordforscientificresearch.Hewillnotdiefornothing.24.WhatkindofpersonisCaiLei?A.Extremelygiftedandambitious.B.Hardworkingandwarmhearted.C.Quiteresponsibleanddependable.D.Highlymotivatedandstrongwilled.25.WhatmighthappentopeoplediagnosedwithALS?A.Losingtheabilitytothinkandspeaknormally.B.Maintaininganormallifebytakingmedicines.C.Dyingwithinmonthsofaconfirmeddiagnosis.D.Needingexternalassistancetosurviveintheend.26.WhyisAlzheimer’sdiseasementionedinparagraph4?A.TotalkabouttheseverityofAlzheimer.B.ToproveAlzheimertobeamondisease.C.ToexplainthedifficultyoffindingacureforALS.D.ToaskformoreinvestmentintheresearchonALS.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.JointeffortstofightALS B.AmanwhonevergivesinC.ASL,araredeadlydiseaseD.SufferingofamanwithALSCInaseriesofstudies,researchersfoundhighlytraineddogsmaybemoresuccessfulthanuntrainedpetsinindependentlysolvingnewlypresentedproblems.Researchershavediscoveredthatoneofthefactorsunderlyingthisprocessmaybepersistence.Itinvolvesreinforcement,theprinciplethatbehaviorsthatarerewardedbeestrongerandmorefrequent.Theothersideofthisisextinction,whichreferstothefactthatbehaviorsthatarenotrewardedgrowweakerandbeelesslikelytoappear.Whenextinctionsetsin,theanimalwillsimplyquitbeforetheproblemissolved.Itispossiblethathighlytraineddogshavelearnedtopersistandthushavedevelopedresistancetoextinction,whichwouldmakethembetterproblemsolvers.Inthisrecentstudy,theresearcherslookedat26adultdogsdividedintotwogroups,“traineddogs”and“petdogs”.Thereweretwotasksthatthedogsweretestedon.Onewasasociallearningtaskwherethedoghadtolearntolookdirectlyintotheexperimenter’seyes.Everytimethedogstaredattheexperimenter’sface,theyreceivedatreat(reinforcement).Oncethedogswereperformingthistask,theextinctionstagebegan,andthestaringbehaviorwasnolongerrewardedinordertoseehowpersistentthenewlylearnedbehaviorwas.Thesecondtaskfocusedonproblemsolving.Itinvolvedaflatdiskthathadboneshapedplasticbones.Thedogshadtolearntoremovetheplasticbonestoobtainthetreathidingundereachone.Aftertheseriesofrewardedtrials,theextinctionstagebegan,andnomorereinforcementswereprovidedforremovingthebones.Inthesociallearningtask,thetraineddogsgazedattheexperimentersmorethanthepetdogsduringextinction.Whileintheproblemsolvingtask,thetraineddogspickedupalargernumberofbonesduringextinction.Inotherwords,fordogswhohadbeentrained,theirnewlylearnedbehaviorspersistedlongerandwerestrongerthanthebehaviorsofthepetdogswhoreceivednotraininginanyarea.28.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A.Bystatingafact. B.Byraisingadoubt.C.Bymakinganassumption.D.Bypresentingaconclusion.29.Whichofthefollowingcanbeseenas“reinforcement”?A.Chainingadogupwhilewalkingiteveryday.B.Givingagoatsomegrasseverytimeitstandsup.C.Puttingafishbackintothepooleverytimeitjumpsout.D.Yellingatacateverytimeitfailstocatchamouse.30.Howcandogsbenefitfromtrainingintheexperiment?A.Theirnewlylearnedbehaviorslastlonger.B.Theycangrowstrongerthanuntraineddogs.C.Theyaremorelikelytolivelonger.D.Theyarebetterathelpingtheirfriends.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.HowresearcherscarryoutanimalexperimentsB.Whytraineddogsdon’tgiveupeasilyC.WhypersistentdogsmakebetterpetsD.HowtopickoutasuitablepetdogDWhenKurtBenirschkestartedcollectingskinsamplesfromendangeredanimalsin1972,hedidn’thaveafirmplanonwhattodowiththem.AsaresearcherattheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiego,hebelievedthatonedaythesesampleswouldbeusedtosavetheseanimals.Afewyearslater,hemovedhiscollectiontotheSanDiegoZoo,andcalledittheFrozenZoo.Foralongtime,itwastheonlyprojectofitskind;however,inrecentyears,similarconservationeffortshavespreadglobally,andtoolsthatBenirschkedidn’tyethavearenowavailable.Today,theFrozenZooistheworld’slargestanimalcryobank(生物冷冻库),holdingsamplesfromover10,500individualanimalsfrom1,220species,inthehopethatonedaysciencecanbringthembackasaspecies.TheFrozenZoo’sadvancedtechnologyisthekeytoitssuccessinsavingspeciesfromextinction.Byusingcryopreservationtechniques,thezoocanstorecellsandtissuesfromendangeredanimals.Thestoredgeneticmaterialcanbeusedforresearch,breedingprograms,andpotentiallyevencloningorgeneticengineeringtorestoreendangeredspecies.Byprotectingthegeneticheritageofendangeredanimals,theFrozenZooprovideshopeforthesurvivalofspeciesthatwouldotherwisebeatriskofdyingout,andthepreservationofEarth’spreciousbiodiversity.Ithasinspiredtheestablishmentofsimilarcryobanksworldwide,expandingeffortstoconserveendangeredspecies.Thesecryobankscontributetotheglobalnetworkofgeneticresources,improvingcooperationandknowledgeexchange.Bydemonstratingthepotentialoftechnologyinthepreservationofbiodiversity,thefrozenzooservesasapowerfultoolinraisingawarenessanddrivingchange.TheFrozenZooislikeatimecapsule,preservingthegeneticheritageofendangeredspeciesforfuturegenerations.Itremindsusabouttheimportanceofconservationandoffersawindowintoaworldthatcouldotherwisebelostforever.32.WhatdoweknowabouttheFrozenZoo?A.Itistheworld’soldestandlargestanimalcryobank.B.ItstartedwithadetailedplanledbyKurtBenirschke.C.Itisaprojecttoexploretheevolutionofanimalspecies.D.ItwasestablishedtoprotectanimalsintheSanDiegoZoo.33.HowdoestheFrozenZoosavespeciesfromextinction?A.Byexpandingtheirnaturalhabitats.B.Byraisingtheirsurvivalratewithgenetictechnology.C.Bypreservingtheirgeneticmaterialforfurtherresearch.D.Byinnovatingbreedingtechniquestoincreasetheirpopulation.34.Whydoestheauthormention“timecapsule”inthelastparagraph?A.TostresstheimportanceoftheFrozenZoo.B.Toexplaintheurgencyofsavingendangeredspecies.C.Toprovethepotentialvalueofpreservingbiodiversity.D.Toshowthenecessityofcooperativeconservationefforts.35.WhatwordscouldbestdescribetheFrozenZooproject?A.Costlyandcontroversial.B.Profitableandinstructive.C.Conservativeandeffective.D.Pioneeringandsignificant.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyouknowthatyoucaninstantlychangeyourstateofmindjustbysmiling?Sciencehasshownthatwhenweproduceasmile,ourbrainreleasesfeelgoodhormones(荷尔蒙)thatreducestress.You’vealreadyexperiencedtheeffectsofsmilingandlaughingwithfriendsandfamily—it’saninstant,freeandjoyfulaction.36Inastudy,scientistsTaraKraftandSarahPressmanstudied170participantswhoweretaughttoholdchopsticksintheirmouthsinthreedifferentways,makingthemsmiletovariousdegrees,whileperformingastressfultask.Theexperimentrevealedthatsubjectswhosefacialmuscleswereforcedintothebiggestsmiles,duetothechopsticks,experiencedasubstantialreductionintheirheartratealongwithquickerstressrecovery.Haveyoueversmiledatsomeoneandnotreceivedasmileback?Itmayhavehappenedahandfuloftimes,butit’susuallytheexception,nottherule.37Ifyouwerewaitinginlineforacoffeeandyoucouldchoosebetweenasmilingserverandonewithaneutralexpressionontheirface,whowouldyoupicktotakeyourorder?38Forme,paredtosomeonewhoisdisplayinganeutralorbadexpression,asmilingpersonisgoingtoseemmoretrustworthy.39Mysincereintentionistogiveyouadeeperunderstandingofthemindbodyconnection,andaccesstosimpletoolstomakeapositivechangeinyourlife.Wheneveryoufindyourselfinastressfulsituation,besuretosmile.40A.Mostofuswouldfeeldrawntothesmilingserver.B.However,thereisalwayssomeonewhowillbreaktherule.C.Mostpeoplecan’thelpsmilingbackatyou,evenifit’sjusttobepolite.D.Therealmessageofthisarticleisthatyouhavethepowertochangeyourstateofmind.E.AsVictorHugooncesaid,“Laughteristhesunthatdriveswinterfromthehumanface.”F.Itwon’tinstantlychangeyoursituation,butitabsolutelywillchangehowyoufeelaboutit.G.Onceyoudiscoverthescienceofhowsmilingimprovesyourmood,you’llbesmilingallthetime.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Eightyearsago,Ideterminedtostartmyfirstjob—traininghorsesindifferentcountries.NowhereIam,myconnectionwithhorseshavetaughtmealot.Letmesharetwo41withyou.Wecanmanage42throughculturalsharingconnection.HorseridingistheonlysportintheOlympicswheremenandwomen43equally.InIndia,astheonlywoman44intheridingclub,Ihadtoteachsomeuneducatedmaleswhohada45understandingofhorsemanship.Peoplebelievehorseridingisaman'ssport.Asawoman,Ihadto46myright.Ioftentraineddifficulttoridehorsesaswellas47theentireridingclub.Iworkedhard,eventually48overthosemen,whowereeagertolearnhorsemanshiptrainingtechniques.Thesecondlessonisthatwearenevertoooldtolearn.Ridingcanbelearnedatany49.Myhusband,Christian,hadneverriddenahorsebeforebuthadalways50it.WhenmovingtoEngland,weinvestedinayounghorsenamedLilly,asa51project.Attheageof30,myhusbandstartedtolearnhorseriding,andnow,thetwocan'tbe52.Lillyfollowshimeverywhere.Christianfinallyrealizedhisdream.Ineverrealizedhowmanydoorsof53horseswouldopenupforme.Becauseofhorses,I54theworld,Ihelpothers,andI'vewatchedthemhealsoulsand55withpeople.A.resultsB.storiesC.lessonsD.typesA.skillB.equalityC.approachD.managementA.peteB.battleC.learnD.workA.exercisingB.survivingC.involvingD.workingA.deepB.properC.limitedD.sufficientA.fightforB.giveupC.carryoutD.argueagainstA.ownedB.ranC.startedD.formedA.tookB.turnedC.gotD.wonA.countryB.placeC.settingD.ageA.dreamedofB.objectedtoC.participatedinD.caredforA.raceB.trainingC.teamD.presentationA.separatedB.connectedC.binedD.defendedA.studyB.ideaC.hopeD.opportunityA.transformB.influenceC.travelD.shapeA.cooperatestrugglebondtalk第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Harbin,thecapitalcityofNortheastChina’sHeilongjiangprovince,56(wele)nearly3.05millionvisitors,rakingin5.91billionyuan(about$832.39million)oftourismrevenue(税收),duringthethreedayNewYearholiday,57endedMonday.Boththenumberoftourists58theamountoftourismrevenuesurpassedthefiguresfor2019,markinga59(history)peak.Datafromthecity'smercedepartmentshowsasignificant60(grow)of129.4percentintheacmodationandcateringsectorsduringtheperiod.WangHongxin,61officialfromthecity'stourismdepartment,attributedthissurgeintourismtoHarbin's62(increase)popularityonsocialmediaplatformswhichtransformsthecityintoabustlingholidaydestination.63(attract)moretouristsandimproveoverallservices,Harbinhasrolledoutanarrayofactivities,includingliveperformances64NewYear'sEve,fireworkdisplays,themeparks,intangibleheritagecultureshowsandconcerts.Sofaralotofmeasures65(introduce)toenhancethevisitorexperienceinHarbin,coveringsectorssuchasdining,acmodation,travel,shoppingandentertainment.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）66.运动有很多好处，它在生活中起着非常重要的作用。学会运动也就学会了生活。请你根据自己对运动的理解，用英语谈谈运动对你的好处。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.标题已给出；3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。SportBenefitsMeALot__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）67.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。12yearoldAdelewasfromapoorfamily.Herparentsstruggledtomakealiving,soshestillfeltluckytheysenthertoschool.Oneday,onherwayhome,Adelesloweddownafterhearingbeautifulsoundsfromthecornerofthestreet.“Wow!It’slovely!”shesaidasshewentclosertoasmallartschool.Shestruggledtopeep(偷看)inandsawthatitwasapiano.Forsomereason,hereyeswerefilledwithtears.Shewishedtoplaytheinstrument,butherparentscouldn’taffordtosendherthere.Adelereturnedhomewithaheavyheartandcouldn’twaittopassbytheartschoolagain.Sheevenpretendedtopresspianokeysonthewallnearherbedjustlikeshewasplayingthemforreal.Seeingherdothis,herparentswerehurtbutignoredit,becauseshewaswishingforsomethingbeyondtheirmeans(钱财).Thefollowingafternoon,afterclass,Adelesilentlywenttotheplaceshehadstoodthepreviousd