河南省郑州市2022-2023学年高三考前英语模拟英语试题(解析版)

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省郑州市2022-2023学年高三考前英语模拟英语试题第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMyfavouriteBooks—PostedbyCatherineChung.agreatwriterStoriesofYourLifeandOthersbyTedChiangThiscollectioncontainsseveralmathsstories.TheoneIrecommendisDivisionByZero,aboutJaneParkinson,abrilliantGermanmathematician.Tohergreatdespair,sheendsupprovingthatmathematicsisinconsistentandisabletoprovethatanytwonumbersareequal.Abeautiful,thought-provoking(发人深省的)storyaboutbelief,understanding，andfaith.TheHousekeeperandtheProfessorbyYokoOgawaIt'saboutawomanwhocomestoworkforaonce-greatmathematician.Duetoabraininjury,hehasonly80minutesofshort-termmemoryavailabletohimbeforeheforgetseverything.Itisfilledwithbeautifulmaths,simplyandclearlydescribedalongsidefinelydrawnrelationshipsbetweenthecharacters.TooMuchHappinessbyAliceMunroKovalevskayawasa19th-centurymathematicianatatimewhenwomenwerenotallowedinmostofEuropetoattenduniversity.ShemarriedamanwhopromisedtotakehertoGermanytostudy.ShemademajorcontributionstothefieldandbecamethefirstwomaninRussiatoobtainadoctorateinmathematics.TheOreMiner'sWifebyKarlIagnemmaItisaboutaminerwhothinkshe'sdiscoveredtheprooftotheproblem:constructasquare,equalinareatoagivencircle.Hiswife,notknowingwhathassuddenlytakenhisattentionandhistime,fearsheisbeingunfaithful.Amovingexplorationofthejoysofenteringaproblemwholeandthedesireandimpossibilityoftrulyknowingthosewelove.1.Whatdoes"I"refertoinParagraph1?A.CatherineChung. B.TedChiang.C.JaneParkinson. D.YokoOgawa.2.WhichbookisaboutapioneeringRussianwomanmathematician?A.StoriesofYourLifeandOthers. B.TheHousekeeperandtheProfessor.C.TooMuchHappiness. D.TheOreMiner'sWife.3.Whatdothelistedbookshaveincommon?A.Theytelllovestories. B.Theyinvolvemathematics.C.Theyexplorehumanrelationship. D.Theyrevealpeople'sinnerworld.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章以MyfavouriteBooks为题，介绍了作家CatherineChung最喜欢的书籍。〖答案〗1.A2.C3.B1．〖解析〗词句猜测题。根据文章标题“MyfavouriteBooks—PostedbyCatherineChung.agreatwriter(我最喜欢的书由——Chung发布。一个伟大的作家)”可知，本文是以作家CatherineChung为第一视角的记叙文，介绍她喜欢的书，由此可推知文中的第一人称I，指的是CatherineChung，故选A。2．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据TooMuchHappinessbyAliceMunro段落内容“Kovalevskayawasa19th-centurymathematicianatatimewhenwomenwerenotallowedinmostofEuropetoattenduniversity.ShemarriedamanwhopromisedtotakehertoGermanytostudy.ShemademajorcontributionstothefieldandbecamethefirstwomaninRussiatoobtainadoctorateinmathematics.(科瓦列夫斯卡娅是一名19世纪的数学家，当时欧洲大部分国家都不允许女性上大学。她嫁给了一个答应带她去德国学习的人。她在这一领域做出了重大贡献，成为俄罗斯第一位获得数学博士学位的女性。)”可知，TooMuchHappiness这本书是关于俄罗斯女数学家的先驱科瓦列夫斯卡娅的，故选C。3．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据StoriesofYourLifeandOthersbyTedChiang段落内容中的“Thiscollectioncontainsseveralmathsstories.(这本合集里有几个数学故事。)”；TheHousekeeperandtheProfessorbyYokoOgawa段落内容中的“It'saboutawomanwhocomestoworkforaonce-greatmathematician.(故事讲的是一个女人为一位曾经伟大的数学家工作。)”；TooMuchHappinessbyAliceMunro段落内容中的“Kovalevskayawasa19th-centurymathematician(科瓦列夫斯卡娅是一名19世纪的数学家)”以及TheOreMiner'sWifebyKarlIagnemma段落内容中的“Itisaboutaminerwhothinkshe'sdiscoveredtheprooftotheproblem:constructasquare,equalinareatoagivencircle.(它是关于一个矿工的，他认为自己发现了问题的证明:构造一个正方形，面积等于一个给定的圆。)”可知，列出的书籍具有的共同点是它们都包括数学。故选B。BWhencountingdownthedaysuntilhomecoming,somewomenchoosetotrackpaydays,schooldays,orMondays.Me?Ialwayscountedtrashdays.EachtimeIrolledthegreen,heavybindownthedriveway,IconsidereditoneofthemostintolerablejobsofaNavywife.Occasionally,aneighborwouldtakepityonmeandreplacemytrashcanbacktothesideofthehouseafterthegarbagemenweredonewithit.Andonce,whenIhadmaggotsinthebottomofthebin,afewmenfromtheneighborhoodwereniceenoughtodisposeofthemandClorox,thetrashman,didnottellmeaboutthewholeincidentuntilayearlater.“IttakesavillagetodoSarah’strash,”oneneighbor,Stanford,joked.“AndsometimesitalsotakesavillagetochangeSarah’sflattire,tokillbigbugsinherlivingroom,andtofetchherson’stoyairplanethatlandedontheroof.”Hearinghiswords,IwonderedifIwasn’tbeingstrongenoughandifIshouldn’ttakemytitleof“Navydependent”soliterallyastomeanIwas,well,dependent.“Don’tbesilly,”myneighborswouldsay.“We’regladtohelp.”Morethanhangingaflagfromtheirdoors,theysaidhelpingaNavyfamilymadethemfeelliketheyweredoingtheirpart.Surprisinglytome,despitedoingmylawneveryweekandoccasionallymytrashandhomerepairs,theseneighborsoftentoldmeIwasfarfrom“dependent”.InsteadoffocusingonthethingsIwasnotdoingmyself,myneighborswereinaweatthethingsIhaddonealone.Andmostofthesethings(caringforsickbabiesinthemiddleofthenight,dealingwithemergencies),Ihaddonewithoutmyrealizingitorgivingmyselfcredit.Ilearnedthatbeingstrongandindependentdoesn’tnecessarilymeandoingitall.Therearefewpeoplewhocandoeverythingthemselves.Mostpeopleareeagertoofferhelp,whichtheythinkrewarding.Sodon’tdeclinehelp.4.HowdidtheauthorfeelatStanford’swords?A.Proud. B.Lighthearted. C.Annoyed. D.Ashamed.5.Whyweretheneighborswillingtohelptheauthor?A.Theauthorwaseasytogetalongwith.B.TheyfeltliketheyweredoingsomethingforNavy.C.Theauthorwasincapableofdoinganyhousework.D.Thehouseworkintheauthor’shousewaseasytodo.6.Whatkindofapersonwastheauthorinherneighbours’eyes?A.Respectable. B.Dull. C.Generous. D.Dependent.7.Whatdoestheauthorconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Everymanhashishobbyhorse. B.Aconstantguestisneverwelcome.C.Acceptinghelpbringshappinesstohelpers. D.Beingstrongandindependentcontributestosuccess.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者是一个海军的妻子，为此邻居经常帮助作者，让作者感到惭愧。〖答案〗4.D5.B6.A7.C4．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第三段““IttakesavillagetodoSarah’strash,”oneneighbor,Stanford,joked.“AndsometimesitalsotakesavillagetochangeSarah’sflattire,tokillbigbugsinherlivingroom,andtofetchherson’stoyairplanethatlandedontheroof.”Hearinghiswords,IwonderedifIwasn’tbeingstrongenoughandifIshouldn’ttakemytitleof“Navydependent”soliterallyastomeanIwas,well,dependent.(“清理莎拉的垃圾需要全村的人，”一位名叫斯坦福的邻居开玩笑说。“有时候，给莎拉换爆胎，杀死客厅里的大虫子，把落在屋顶上的她儿子的玩具飞机拿回来，也需要全村人的努力。”听到他的话，我想知道我是否不够坚强，我是否应该把我的头衔“海军依赖”字面上理解为我是，嗯，依赖)”可知，作者对斯坦福的话感到羞愧。故选D。5．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第四段““Don’tbesilly,”myneighborswouldsay.“We’regladtohelp.”Morethanhangingaflagfromtheirdoors,theysaidhelpingaNavyfamilymadethemfeelliketheyweredoingtheirpart.(“别傻了，”我的邻居们会说。“我们很乐意帮忙。”他们说，帮助一个海军家庭让他们觉得自己尽了自己的一份力量，而不仅仅是在门上挂一面国旗)”可知，邻居们愿意帮助作者因为他们觉得自己是在为海军做点什么。故选B。6．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“InsteadoffocusingonthethingsIwasnotdoingmyself,myneighborswereinaweatthethingsIhaddonealone.Andmostofthesethings(caringforsickbabiesinthemiddleofthenight,dealingwithemergencies),Ihaddonewithoutmyrealizingitorgivingmyselfcredit.(邻居们不再关注我自己没有做的事情，而是对我一个人做的事情感到敬畏。而这些事情中的大多数(半夜照顾生病的婴儿，处理紧急情况)，我都是在没有意识到的情况下完成的，也没有给自己任何荣誉)”可知，在邻居的眼中，作者是一个受人尊敬的人。故选A。7．〖解析〗主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Ilearnedthatbeingstrongandindependentdoesn’tnecessarilymeandoingitall.Therearefewpeoplewhocandoeverythingthemselves.Mostpeopleareeagertoofferhelp,whichtheythinkrewarding.Sodon’tdeclinehelp.(我明白了坚强和独立并不一定意味着什么都要做。很少有人什么事都能自己做。大多数人都渴望提供帮助，他们认为这是值得的。所以不要拒绝帮助)”可推知，作者在最后一段表达的意思是：接受帮助会给帮助者带来快乐。故选C。CIrememberwhenKamalaHarrisbecameJoeBiden'srunningmate.Itseemedfunnyhowmanypeoplepronouncedhernameincorrectly.Ononeoccasion,anewshostbecameupsetwhenbeingcorrected,andpurposelycalledherKumbaya.IamnostrangertothisissueasmanyofmystudentsarefromAsianandMiddleEasterncountries,andsometimestheirnamesaredifficultformetopronounce,evenafteraskingthemhowtosayit.ManystudentsseemunwillingtocorrectmewhenIattempttolearntheirnamescorrectly.TheotherthingI’veseeningrowingnumbersisstudents“adopting”anEnglishname.It'smuchmorecommonthanmanythink,forpeopletochangetheirnamesinordertofitin.Thisisespeciallythecasewhenitcomestoseekingjobs.Racialandculturalminoritiesoftenattempttoavoiddiscriminationhiringbyhidingracialcuesontheresumeincludingchangingtheirname.Thisisreferredtoas“resumewhitening”.Researchshowsalmost50percentofblackandAsianjobapplicantsdidso.XianZhaofromtheUniversityofTorontoresearchesethnic(种族的)namepronunciation,sayingthatmanypeopledon’tunderstandthathabituallypronouncinganunfamiliarnameinaccuratelyisaformofindirectdiscrimination.Itsendsamessagethat“youaretheminorities”saysZhao.“Youarenotimportantinthisenvironment,sowhyshouldItaketimeandmyefforttolearnit?”Ontheotherend,thosewithethnicnamesfrequentlydon’tcorrectpeople,evenwhentheirnameispronouncedwrongrepeatedly,feelingitisbetterjusttokeepthepeaceandnotstandoutforbeingdifficult.Itisimportanttotrytopronounceeveryone’snameastheypronounceit.Thiscommunicatesrespectofthemasapersonandtheirculture.Thereisnothingwrongwithaskingsomeonetorepeattheirnamesothatyoucanlearntopronounceitproperly.Thisisusuallyappreciated.8.Whentheirnamesareincorrectlypronounced,theauthor’sAsianstudentsA.attempttolaughatit B.tendtoacceptitC.offertocorrecttheauthor D.agreetochangetheirnames9.Whichofthefollowingcanbeseenas“resumewhitening”?A.Anapplicationforabetterjob.B.Achangeinworkenvironment.C.Abanonracialdiscriminationinworkplace.D.ApracticeofusingWesternnamesinjobseeking.10.Inhisresearch,XianZhaofindsthatA.ethnicsaccepttheirnamesbeingmispronouncedtosavetroubleB.ethnicsfighteffectivelywiththediscriminationagainsttheirnamesC.manywesternerspronounceethnicnamesincorrectlyonpurposeD.manywesternersmakeeffortstopronounceethnicnamescorrectly11.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardpronouncingethnicnamescorrectly?A.Critical. B.Uncaring. C.Reserved. D.Supportive.【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了少数族裔人群在别人念错他们名字时往往选择接收而非纠错，并且会选择重新取一个英文名字的现象以及背后显现的社会问题。〖答案〗8.B9.D10.A11.D8．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“ManystudentsseemunwillingtocorrectmewhenIattempttolearntheirnamescorrectly.(当我试图正确记住他们的名字时，许多学生似乎不愿意纠正我)”可知，当学生听到自己的名字被喊错时，他们不会去纠正，即接受被叫错。故选B项。9．〖解析〗推理判断题。“resumewhitening”出现在第四段，根据上一句“Thisisespeciallythecasewhenitcomestoseekingjobs.Racialandculturalminoritiesoftenattempttoavoiddiscriminationhiringbyhidingracialcuesontheresumeincludingchangingtheirname.(在找工作的时候尤其如此。种族和文化上的少数族裔经常试图通过在简历中隐藏种族暗示，包括更改他们的名字，来避免在招聘时受到歧视)”可知，this指代的是前一句话，即种族人群在找工作时会为了避免遭到种族歧视而选择更改他们的名字；resume意为“简历”，whiten为“使……变白”，D项“ApracticeofusingWesternnamesinjobseeking.(在求职时使用西方名字的做法)”，把隐含有种族暗示的原来的名字换成西方人的名字填写在简历上，以便找到工作，符合题意。故选D项。10．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“Ontheotherend,thosewithethnicnamesfrequentlydon’tcorrectpeople,evenwhentheirnameispronouncedwrongrepeatedly,feelingitisbetterjusttokeepthepeaceandnotstandoutforbeingdifficult.(另一方面，那些有少数民族的姓名的人经常不去纠正别人，即使他们的名字被反复念错，他们觉得最好保持和平，不要因为太难而显得突出)”可知，就是少数民族人群为了保持和平（避免麻烦），会接受对方叫错名字。故选A项。11．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据最后一段“Itisimportanttotrytopronounceeveryone’snameastheypronounceit.Thiscommunicatesrespectofthemasapersonandtheirculture.Thereisnothingwrongwithaskingsomeonetorepeattheirnamesothatyoucanlearntopronounceitproperly.Thisisusuallyappreciated.(每个人的名字都要念出来，这很重要。这传达了对他们个人和他们文化的尊重。让别人重复他们的名字，这样你就可以正确地发音了。这通常是值得赞赏的)”可知，作者对正确叫出少数民族的姓名这事持支持态度。故选D项。DItwasasightyoudon’tnormallysee:ajellyfishlyingdeadinthemiddleofaparkinglotpartlyfloodedinwater.Butthiswasnoordinaryparkinglot.ThisparticularsectiondowntownAnnapolis,Maryland,isamongagrowingnumberofareaseasilyaffectedbyfrequenthigh-tidefloodingintheseasidetown.High-tidefloods,alsoknownassunny-dayfloods,occurwhentidesreachanywherefrom1.75to2feetabovethedailyaveragehightideandstartspillingontostreets.Thesefloodsareusuallynotrelatedtostorms.Theytypicallyoccurduringhightides.ThegravitationalpulloftheMoondrivesthetides.Windscanalsoinfluencehowhighthetidescomein.ThentherearetheclimatepatternslikeElNino(厄尔尼诺现象),whichleadtohigher-than-normalsealevelsalongboththeU.S.EastandWestcoasts.And,ofcourse,themostpowerfuldriverissealevelriseitself.Becauseofrisingseasdrivenbyclimatechange,thefrequencyofthiskindoffloodhasdramaticallyincreasedinrecentyears.Theoceanisrisingatabout3.3millimeters,or0.13inchesayear,mostlyduetothemeltingofland-basediceandtheheatedexpansionofoceanwater,accordingtoNASA.Defensesarebuiltinresponsetothehigh-tidefloods.HalfamileuptheroadfromDowntownAnnapolis,theU.S.NavalAcademyisbeatingbackwater:aseawallbuiltalongsidetheriver,floodwallsprotectingcampusbuildings,andclassroomfloorsandwallsmadeofconcreteorpaintedcinderblock—materialsmoreresistanttofloodingthancarpet,woodanddrywall.Still,DavidKriebel,aprofessorofoceanengineeringattheU.S.NavalAcademy,said,thewaterisrisingfast,andmuchofthisfloodprotectionwillonlylastforafewdecades.Atthatpoint,additionalmeasureswillhavetobetaken.“Youcanbuildwalls,youcanaddinflowpreventersandyoucanprotectareasthatareworthprotecting,buteventually,water’sgoingtofinditswaythroughtheholes,”hesaid.“You’renotreallymeanttoholdhackthetides.”12.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducethemaintopic. B.Toshareanunusualfinding.C.Towarnpeopletoprotectanimals. D.Tomakeaphenomenonconvincing.13.Whichofthefollowingcontributesmosttotheincreaseofhigh-tidefloods?A.Winds. B.Climatechange.C.Moon’sgravity. D.Certainclimatepatterns.14.WhatdoesDavidKriebelfeelaboutthesituationinafewdecades?A.Curious. B.Uncertain. C.Confident. D.Worried.15.What’sthesuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheFutureWorld:WorththeWait B.ClimateCrisis:SolutionsontheWayC.RisingWaters:BeatingBacktheTides D.DowntownAnnapolis:EmergedunderWater【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了由于气候变化，海平面上升，涨潮洪水也越来越频繁。马里兰州安纳波利斯市正试图保护建筑物不受洪水的影响。〖答案〗12.A13.B14.D15.C12．〖解析〗推理判断题。第一段中“Itwasasightyoudon’tnormallysee:ajellyfishlyingdeadinthemiddleofaparkinglotpartlyfloodedinwater.Butthiswasnoordinaryparkinglot.ThisparticularsectiondowntownAnnapolis,Maryland,isamongagrowingnumberofareaseasilyaffectedbyfrequenthigh-tidefloodingintheseasidetown.(这是一个你通常不会看到的景象：一只水母躺在部分被水淹没的停车场中央。但这不是一个普通的停车场。马里兰州安纳波利斯市中心的这个特殊区域，是越来越多的容易受到频繁涨潮洪水影响的地区之一)”描述了马里兰州安纳波利斯市中心的一个部分被水淹的停车场中央躺着一只水母，由这一奇特的现象引出“high-tideflooding(涨潮洪水)”这一话题，所以第一段的作用是引入主题。故选A项。13．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第二段中“And,ofcourse,themostpowerfuldriverissealevelriseitself.Becauseofrisingseasdrivenbyclimatechange,thefrequencyofthiskindoffloodhasdramaticallyincreasedinrecentyears.(当然，最强大的驱动力是海平面上升本身。由于气候变化导致海平面上升，近年来这种洪水发生的频率急剧增加)”可知，气候变化导致海平面上升，是造成涨潮洪水增加的最大原因。故选B项。14．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Still,DavidKriebel,aprofessorofoceanengineeringattheU.S.NavalAcademy,said,thewaterisrisingfast,andmuchofthisfloodprotectionwillonlylastforafewdecades.Atthatpoint,additionalmeasureswillhavetobetaken.(不过，美国海军学院海洋工程教授大卫·克里贝尔说，水位正在快速上涨，大部分的防洪措施只能维持几十年。到那时，将不得不采取额外的措施)”和“Youcanbuildwalls,youcanaddinflowpreventersandyoucanprotectareasthatareworthprotecting,buteventually,water’sgoingtofinditswaythroughtheholes,(你可以建墙，你可以增加防流入装置，你可以保护值得保护的区域，但最终，水会从洞里流进来)”可推知，大卫·克里贝尔对未来几十年可能出现的情况感到担忧。故选D项。15．〖解析〗主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“ThisparticularsectiondowntownAnnapolis,Maryland,isamongagrowingnumberofareaseasilyaffectedbyfrequenthigh-tidefloodingintheseasidetown.(马里兰州安纳波利斯市中心的这个特殊区域，是越来越多的容易受到频繁涨潮洪水影响的地区之一)”和第三段中“HalfamileuptheroadfromDowntownAnnapolis,theU.S.NavalAcademyisbeatingbackwater:aseawallbuiltalongsidetheriver,floodwallsprotectingcampusbuildings,andclassroomfloorsandwallsmadeofconcreteorpaintedcinderblock—materialsmoreresistanttofloodingthancarpet,woodanddrywall.(离安纳波利斯市中心半英里远的地方，美国海军学院正在抵御洪水：沿河修建的海堤，保护校园建筑的防洪墙，教室的地板和墙壁由混凝土或涂漆的煤渣砖制成——这些材料比地毯、木材和干墙更耐洪水)”可知，文章报道了海平面上升，涨潮洪水也越来越频繁，马里兰州安纳波利斯市正在采取措施试图保护城市不受洪水的影响，所以C项“RisingWaters:BeatingBacktheTides(涨潮：击退潮水)”是最佳标题。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TibetanNewYear,alsoknownasLosar,isthemostimportantfestivalinTibetandiscelebratedfor15days,typicallyfallinginFebruaryorMarch.____16____ThecelebrationsincludearangeofcustomsandtraditionsthatreflecttheuniquecultureandidentityoftheTibetanpeople.BeforethearrivaloftheNewYear,Tibetansengageinthoroughcleaningoftheirhomesandsurroundings.____17____Theyalsomakeofferingstothegodsandancestorstoseekblessingsfortheupcomingyear.DecoratinghomesandpublicplacesisacommoncustomduringLosar.Inaddition,peoplealsodecoratetheirclotheswithpatterns,andtheirhairisstyledinfashion.____18____Traditionaldishessuchasmomos,atypeofsteameddumplingfilledwithmeatorvegetables,andTibetanbuttertea,madefromyakbutterandtealeaves,areserved.SweettreatslikeTibetanbuttercookiesanddriedfruitarealsoenjoyed.TibetanpeopleofferprayersandmakeofferingstothegodsanddeitiesduringLosar.Theofferingstypicallyincludefood,incenseandflowers.____19____MusicanddancearepartoftheLosarcelebrations.Villagersgatherinpublicspacesanddancearoundbonfires,singingandplayingtraditionalinstruments.____20____Peoplegatherinpublicspacesandlightincenseandcandleswhileofferingfood,drinksandotheritemstothegods.ThisisfollowedbytheceremonyofthrowingTsampa,aroastedbarleyflour,intotheairasasymboloflettinggoofthepastyearandembracingnewbeginnings.ThecustomsofTibetanNewYeararedeeplyrootedinthecultureandtraditionsoftheTibetanpeople.A.In2023,TibetanNewYearfellonFeb21.B.Usingthem,peopleshowgratitudetotheelderlypeople.C.Inthefestival,peopleholdvariouseventstocelebrateit.D.Theseofferingsarebelievedtobringgoodlucktopeople.E.Thispracticeistogetridofbadluckinthepreviousyear.F.TheLosarcelebrationscometoanendwithagrandceremony.G.DuringtheNewYear,Tibetansenjoyfeastswiththeirfamilyandfriends.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了藏历新年的情况，包括饮食习俗、庆祝活动等。〖答案〗16.A17.E18.G19.D20.F16．〖解析〗根据上文“TibetanNewYear,alsoknownasLosar,isthemostimportantfestivalinTibetandiscelebratedfor15days,typicallyfallinginFebruaryorMarch.(西藏新年，也被称为洛萨，是西藏最重要的节日，庆祝15天，通常在2月或3月)”可知，本句主要是在说明藏历新年的时间。故A选项“2023年，藏历新年是2月21日”符合语境，故选A。17．〖解析〗根据上文“BeforethearrivaloftheNewYear,Tibetansengageinthoroughcleaningoftheirhomesandsurroundings.(在新年到来之前，藏族人会对他们的家和周围的环境进行彻底的清洁)”可知，上文提到了“对他们的家和周围的环境进行彻底的清洁”，本句承接上文说明这一做法的目的：摆脱上一年的坏运气。故E选项“这种做法是为了摆脱上一年的坏运气”符合语境，故选E。18．〖解析〗根据后文“Traditionaldishessuchasmomos,atypeofsteameddumplingfilledwithmeatorvegetables,andTibetanbuttertea,madefromyakbutterandtealeaves,areserved.SweettreatslikeTibetanbuttercookiesanddriedfruitarealsoenjoyed.(传统菜肴如馍馍（一种用肉或蔬菜包的蒸饺）和藏式酥油茶（用牦牛酥油和茶叶制成）都在这里供应。西藏黄油饼干和干果等甜食也很受欢迎)”可知，本段主要关于藏历新年的饮食习俗。故G选项“在新年期间，西藏人与他们的家人和朋友享受盛宴”符合语境，故选G。19．〖解析〗根据上文“TibetanpeopleofferprayersandmakeofferingstothegodsanddeitiesduringLosar.Theofferingstypicallyincludefood,incenseandflowers.(藏族人在洛萨期间向神灵祈祷和祭祀。祭品通常包括食物、香和鲜花)”可知，上文提到了一些常见的祭品，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明这些祭品的作用。故D选项“这些祭品被认为能给人们带来好运”符合语境，故选D。20．〖解析〗根据后文“Peoplegatherinpublicspacesandlightincenseandcandleswhileofferingfood,drinksandotheritemstothegods.ThisisfollowedbytheceremonyofthrowingTsampa,aroastedbarleyflour,intotheairasasymboloflettinggoofthepastyearandembracingnewbeginnings.(人们聚集在公共场所，点燃香和蜡烛，同时向神提供食物、饮料和其他物品。接下来是向空中撒糌粑的仪式，这是一种烤大麦面粉，象征着告别过去的一年，迎接新的开始)”可知，本段主要描述了藏历新年的盛大仪式情况。故F选项“洛萨庆祝活动在盛大的仪式中结束”符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Icanstillremembertheafternoonwhenweclimbedthemountainasifitwereyesterday.Itwasasunnyday.____21____tospendsometimeoutdoors,IwentupthemountainwithUncleJimmy.Themountainwasnoteasytoclimbandhadtoughrocksandstreamsonit.Intheend,____22____andhot,Icouldn’tgoanyfurther.____23____,wewentbackdownthemountainintheend.Onthewaybackdown,UncleJimmyaskedmeaquestion,which____24____mespeechlessforasecond:“What’syourdream,younglady?”“Ihavenoidea,”Iansweredafterthinkingforawhile.Thenhesmiledandtoldmeabouthis____25____.Hedidn’t____26____wellatschoolwhenhewasastudent.Although____27____thoughthecouldsucceed,heknew____28____whathisdreamwas—tobea____29____.“IknewIwasn’t____30____whenitcametostudying,soItriedtobuysnacksfromanearbymarketandsellthemafterclass,”hetoldme.Afterheleftschool,hestartedsellingdifferentitemsto____31____whichonewasmostattractivetocustomers.Ofcourse,heoftenhadnomoneyinhispocket,but____32____difficultlifewas,henevergaveup.“Thereisno____33____thatapersonwhoputsinagreatdealof____34____toreachhisorhergoalwillhavegoodluckatsomepoint.Themeaningoflifeistochaseyourdream,”hesaidgently.ThatnightIcouldnotfallasleep.Withmyeyeswideopen,Ilayinbedtossingandturning,askingmyself,“What’smymotivation?”Iwantedtobeatopstudent,butthehardwork____35____meantputtingeverythingintofollowingmy____36____.IfIfindmyself____37____willpower,whatshouldIdo?Leavinghomeearlythenextmorning,Iclimbedthemountainagainallbymyself.Itmademethink:Ifwedon’t____38____theclimb,howcanwegettoenjoythesceneryonthetopofthemountain?Atlast,Ireachedthetopandwas____39____bythewarmbreezeandsunshine.Nothingcouldbemore____40____thanthat.21.A.Hesitant B.Unwilling C.Satisfied D.Eager22.A.worried B.anxious C.exhausted D.scared23.A.Consequently B.However C.Meanwhile D.Furthermore24.A.caused B.left C.pushed D.brought25.A.career B.story C.idea D.confusion26.A.behave B.perform C.respond D.impress27.A.somebody B.everybody C.nobody D.anybody28.A.shortly B.directly C.clearly D.rapidly29.A.chef B.scholar C.deliveryman D.businessman30.A.gifted B.skilled C.diligent D.knowledgeable31.A.makesure B.checkin C.figureout D.counton32.A.whatever B.however C.wherever D.whichever33.A.need B.doubt C.wonder D.possibility34.A.talent B.potential C.ambition D.effort35.A.directed B.connected C.pulled D.involved36.A.passion B.ability C.strength D.demand37.A.lacking B.sharing C.desiring D.possessing38.A.grasp B.approach C.experience D.recognize39.A.shocked B.amused C.honored D.greeted40.A.pleasant B.unexpected C.relaxing D.challenging【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲叙了她与叔叔的一次爬山时因畏惧山路艰险及天热难受等原因而半途返回，返回途中叔叔以自己学生时期的追梦经历开导她对待梦想，要永不放弃。〖答案〗21.D22.C23.A24.B25.B26.B27.C28.C29.D30.A31.C32.B33.B34.D35.D36.A37.A38.C39.D40.A21．〖解析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为渴望户外的时光，我与Jimmy叔叔一起去爬山。A.Hesitant犹豫的；B.Unwilling不情愿的；C.Satisfied感到满意的；D.Eager渴望的。根据后文“tospendsometimeoutdoors,IwentupthemountainwithUncleJimmy”可知阳光明媚的美好天气下，应该是户外游玩的好时候，作者渴望在这样好的日子里去户外，故选D。22．〖解析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，我又累又热，再也走不动了。A.worried担忧的；B.anxious焦虑的；C.exhausted感到疲劳的；D.scared害怕的。根据后文“andhot,Icouldn’tgoanyfurther”可知，作者最后是因为感到劳累与天气热而放弃这次爬山。故选C。23．〖解析〗考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，最后我们下山返回了。A.Consequently因此；B.However然而；C.Meanwhile期间，同时；D.Furthermore而且。上文提到作者因为感到劳累与天气热走不动，后文则说下山返回了，为因果关系，Consequently符合语境。故选A。24．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：在下山返回的路上，Jimmy叔叔问了我一个问题，使我一时无言以对，他说：“你的梦想是什么，小姐？”。A.caused引起；B.left留下；C.pushed推；D.brought带来。根据后文“mespeechlessforasecond”可知，是叔叔的话作者无言以对。短语“leavesb.adj”，形容词speechless作宾补，其他选项无此用法。故选B。25．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他笑着给我讲了他自己的故事。A.career事业；B.story故事；C.idea主意；D.confusion困惑。结合后面讲叔叔上学时的经历，可知是他给作者讲的是他本人的故事，故选B。26．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生时期他在校表现不好。A.behave行为；B.perform表现；C.respond回应；D.impress印象。根据后文“wellatschoolwhenhewasastudent”可知，是指学生时期在校表现不好。故选B。27．〖解析〗考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：虽然没有人认为他会功，但是他清楚的知道自己的梦想是什么。A.somebody某人；B.everybody每人；C.nobody没有人；D.anybody任何人。上文提到叔叔在校表现不好，所以是没有人会认为他会成功。故选C。28．〖解析〗考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然没有人认为他会成功，但他清楚地知道他的梦想是什么——成为一个商人。A.shortly简短地；B.directly直接地；C.clearly清楚地；D.rapidly快速地。根据后文“whathisdreamwastobea”可知，叔叔清楚地知道自己的梦想是做一名商人。故选C。29．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然没有人认为他会成功，但他清楚地知道他的梦想是什么——成为一个商人。A.chef厨师；B.scholar学者；C.deliveryman送货员；D.businessman商人。结全下文“Itriedtobuysnacksfromanearbymarketandsellthemafterclass”他卖各种东西可知，他的梦想是做一名商人。故选D。30．〖解析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道我在学习方面没有天赋。A.gifted有天赋的；B.skilled技术娴熟的；C.diligent勤劳的；D.knowledgeable有学识的。根据上文“Hedidn’t…wellatschoolwhenhewasastudent.”可知，叔叔在学校表现不好，说明他在学习上没有天赋。故选A。31．〖解析〗考查动词短语辨析。句意：离开学校后，他开始出售不同的商品，以弄清楚哪种商品最能吸引顾客。A.makesure确保；B.checkin登记入住；C.figureout理解，弄明白；D.counton依赖。根据后文“whichonewasmostattractivetocustomers.”可知，此处是指叔叔搞清楚顾客最想买什么，故选C。32．〖解析〗考查连词词义辨析。句意：当然，他的口袋里经常没有钱，但无论生活多么困难，他从不放弃。A.whatever无论什么；B.however不管怎样，无论如何；C.wherever无论哪里；D.whichever无论哪个。引导让步状语从句，表示“无论多么困难”应用however。故选B。33．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，一个人如果付出了巨大的努力去实现他或她的目标，他会在某个时候拥有好运。A.need需要；B.doubt怀疑；C.wonder奇迹；D.possibility可能性。此处为固定句型thereisnodoubtthat…“毫无疑问……”。故选B。34．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，一个人如果付出了巨大的努力去实现他或她的目标，他会在某个时候拥有好运。A.talent天赋；B.potential潜能；C.ambition雄心壮志；D.effort付出，努力。结合后文“toreachhisorhergoal”以及常识可知，指人要付出努力，才能实现梦想。故选D。35．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想当一名尖子生，但是所涉及的艰辛工作意味着我所做的每件事都要跟随我的激情。A.directed被指导；B.connected被连接；C.pulled被拉；D.involved涉及。结合上文“Iwantedtobeatopstudent,butthehardwork”可知，要想成为尖子生，就要涉及到投入艰辛的工作。故选D。36．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想当一名尖子生，但是所涉及的艰辛工作意味着我所做的每件事都要跟随我的激情。A.passion激情，酷爱的事物；B.ability能力；C.strength优点；D.demand需求。结合上文可知，追求自己的梦想，就该跟随自己内心的激情，做自己喜爱的事物，故选A。37．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果发现自己缺乏意志力，我该怎么办？A.lacking缺乏；B.sharing分享；C.desiring渴望；D.possessing拥有。结合上文作者登山半途要返回，可知，作者发现自己缺乏意志力，故选A。38．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果不经历攀登，我们怎能享受到顶峰上的风景？A.grasp抓住；；B.approach