2023年高考英语全真模拟终极冲刺卷 01 解析版

绝密★启用前

2023年高考英语全真模拟终极冲刺卷（课标全国卷）01解析版

目录内容提要

阅读A篇介绍美国四所寄宿制学校

阅读B篇减肥中收获自信乐观和开朗

阅读C篇父母使用应用程序处理家务

阅读D篇超级蠕虫促进塑料废物回收

阅读七选五园艺带给人们诸多身心好处

完形填空患癌运动员激励人们珍爱生命

语法填空A）皮影戏加入4D传承传统文化

语法填空B）二十四节气-夏至的来历及习俗

短文改错喜欢烹饪梦想开自己的餐厅

应用文写作“让文物活起来〃活动开幕辞

（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）

注意事项:

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡

皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）测试二

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在

试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读

一遍。

1.Wheredoesthisconversationmostlikelytakeplace?

A.Ataflowershop.B.Onahill.C.Inagarden.

2.Whatwillthemanprobablydo?

A.Cooutside.B.Readamagazine.C.Listentoaprogram.

3.Howdoesthegirlusuallygetbacktoschool?

A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bytaxi.

4.Whatdoweknowaboutthewomanspeaker?

A.She,sstrict.B.She,sregretful.C.She,scaring.

5.Whatisthemanspeakerdoing?

A.Makingasuggestion.B.Doinghousework.C.Leaningaskill.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳

选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后,

各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.WhywasAlicelate?

A.Shemadeacall.B.Shegotuplate.C.Shesetofflate.

7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

A.Teacherandstudent.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Bossandemployee.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.Whatistheweathermostlylikeduringtheircampingtrip?

A.It,shot.B.It,scold.C.It,srainy.

9.HowdoesLindafeelabouttheman?

A.Mysterious.B.Considerate.C.Disgusting.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Housekeeping.B.Shopping.C.Coking.

11.Whosepricehasjustincreasedatthehighestrate?

A.Cheese,s.B.Bacon,s.C.Meat,s.

12.Whyisthewomanunwillingtobuyinstantcoffee?

A.Becauseit,sbitter.B.Becauseit,sunpopular.C.Becauseit,sexpensive.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.Whatisprobablythemanspeaker?

A.Achemist.B.Adentist.C.Apatient.

14.WhendoesthewomanhaveanappointmentwithDr.Williams?

A.Thismorning.B.Atfiveo,clock.C.Nextweek.

15.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?

A.WaitforDr.Williams.B.Becautiousaboutherdiet.C.Gotothedentist,sdirectly.

16.Whatwillthemandotohelpthewoman?

A.Giveherwhatshewants.B.RingDr.Williamsforher.C.Makeanappointmentforher.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Wherecanstudentskeepfit?

A.Intherecreationcenter.B.Inafastfoodrestaurant.C.Inthestudenthealthcenter.

18.WhatdoweknowaboutthesupplyOfhealthyfoodinmostuniversityrestaurants?

A.It,sshort.B.It,sabundant.C.It,sreasonable.

19.Whichofthefollowingdostudentsfindextremelygood?

A.Fitnessactivities.B.Thesmokingban.C.Medicalcare.

20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?

A.Convenienceinexercise.B.Healthylifeinuniversities.C.Medicalcareforuniversitystudents.

1-5ACBBA6-10CCABA11-15CBACB16-20BAACB

Test1

M:Excuseme.I,dliketobuysomeflowersformyfriend.

W:Letmesee,thesefreshrosesareverynice.

Test2

M:Hi,Maria.Whatareyouupto?

W:Notmuch.I,mjustreadingamagazine.

M:Uhhuh...CanIturnontheradio?

W:Sure,goahead.

Test3

W:Itookthewrongbusagain!Iwastedallafternoontryingtogetbacktoschool.Whydidtheycancelthe

No15Bus?

M:Thenewbusscheduleisconfusingatfirst.Butwhydidn,tyoucallmetorideyouback?Orjusttooka

taxi?

Test4

W:You9Hneverguesswhatmymotherdid!Shetookmycellphone.

M:Whywouldshedoathinglikethat?

W:Shesaidshewantedtoteachmealesson.Ialwayscomplainwastingtoomuchtimeonthenet.ButI

neverdidathingaboutit.

Text5

W:Myhousemateisreallymessy.Shealwaysleavesamessandwon,tdoanyhousework.

M:You,dbetterpointitouttoherorjustlearntolivewithit.

Text6

M:WhyareyouIate9Alice?

W:Sorry,Mr.Harrison.Imissedmytrain.

M:Howcome?

W:BecauseIlefthomealittlelate.

M:Didyougetuplateorsomething?

W:No.Myauntcalledmeatthelastminute.

M:TeIlhernottocallyouinthemorning.

W:Iwill,Mr.Harrison.Γmreallysorryforbeinglate.

M:IfyouareIateagain,Ican,tletyoupassthisclass.

W:Oh,please.

Text7

M:Hi9Linda9wouldyouliketogetawayfromthecityandcometoLakeBenjaminwithmyfamilynext

week?

W:Pdloveto.DoIneedanything?

M:Well,thefirstthingisasleepingbagandatent.

W:ɪdon,tgetit.WhatdoIneedthemfor?

M:Forsleepingin,ofcourse.

W:Doyoumeanthisisacampingtrip?

M:Thafsright.Soyouneedanextrasetofwarmclothes.

W:WhydoIneedthose?Ifsthemiddleofsummer.

M:Justincaseitrainsorsuddenlyturnscold.

W:Goodthinking.

Text8

M:Anddoyou∏ndithardtomakeyourhousekeepingmoneygoaround?

W:Yeah,you,reabsolutelyright.Γmlosinggroundallthetimebecausethepricesgoupandupandup.Ifs

beyondreason.

M:Mmm.Whatdoyouthinkhasgoneupmostlately?

W:Well,meatofcourse.

M:Mmm.Whataboutfish?

W:Fishisjustasdearorperhapsevendearerthanmeat.Andwehavetobuysausagesandeggs.Eggsarea

littlebitcheaperbecauseofthetimeOftheyear,butbaconisverydear.

M:Whataboutthingslikebutterandcheese?

W:Cheeseisverydearindeed.Butterandteahavecomedownalittle.We,drathernotbuyinstantcoffee

whichdoesn,tagreewithmostofus.1usedtobuyordinarycoffee,butnowit,ssoexpensive.

Text9

W:Couldyougivemesomethingforthepain?Ididn'tgettosleepuntilthreeo,clockthismorning.

M:AspirinisthestrongestmedicineIcangiveyouwithoutaprescription.

W:Thatisn'tstrongenough,andIdon'thaveanappointmentwithmydentistuntilnextweek.

M:Whoisyourdentist?

W:Dr.Williams.

M:Doesn,thehavehisofficeonthecorner?

W:Yes,hedoes.

M:Areyouaregularpatient?

W:Yes.

M:Oh.ThenIcancallhimifyoulike.Dr.Williamswillgivemeapainprescriptionoverthephone.

W:I,dappreciatethatverymuch.Doyouthinkthathe,llstillbeinhisoffice?

M:Sure.It,sonlyfour-thirty.Heshouldbethereuntilfive.

W:Good.

M:Toobadyoucan,tgetanappointmentsooner.

W:Iknow.Dr.Williamsisalwaysbookedupthough.

M:Inthemeantime,becarefulnottoeatordrinkanythingtoohotortoocold.

W:Ireallydon,tfeellikeeatingordrinkinganythingatall.

M:Well,ΓllgiveDr.Williamsacallandwe,llseewhatwecandoforyou.

Text10

Itisreallydif∩cultforAmericanuniversitystudentstodevelopgoodhealthhabits,butmanystudents

domanagetoliveaveryhealthylifestyle.

Mostschoolsofferplentyofopportunityforexercisethroughorganizedteamsorclassesinyoga,soccer,

volleyballandotherfitnessactivities,orbyprovidingrecreationcenterswherestudentscanexercise,swim,

workoutorplaydifferentsports.

Findinghealthyfoodtoeatintheschoolscanbemoreofachallenge.However,asAmericansociety

becomesmoreeducatedandconcernedabouthealthproblems,evensomefastfoodrestaurantsofferhealthy

alternativessuchassalads,soupsandlow-fatsandwiches.

Therearestrictrestrictionsonsmokinginmostschoolstoo.inaddition,schoolsusuallyincludea

studenthealthcenterwherestudentscanseekmedicalattention.Thisisreallyabonusforthestudents,

becauseasimpledoctor,sappointmentcancostahundreddollars,andashorthospitalstaywillcost

thousands.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

BestBoardingSchoolsforStudents

IfyouaretryingtofigureoutthebestboardingschoolintheUSforyourchild,hereareyourbestoptions.

PhillipsAcademyAndover

SituatedinAndover,Massachusetts,25milesnorthofBoston,PhillipsAcademyAndoverisoneoftheoldest

boardingschoolsintheUS.Itwasfoundedin1778andhasalongtraditionofacademicexcellence,withnotable

alumni（校友）includingGeorgeW.BushandJulieAndrews.Itisalsooneofthemostselectiveboardingschoolsin

thecountry,withanacceptancerateofjust13%.

TuitionFee:$66,290peryearforboardingstudents.

ChoateRosemaryHall

ChoateRosemaryHallissituatedinWallingford,Connecticut,andwasfoundedin1890.Theschoolenrolls

（招收）about865studentsfromacrosstheworld.Choateisknownforitsinnovativecurriculum,activecampus

engagement,andguidedindependentlearning.Theschooloffers23sports.

TuitionFee:$65,820peryearforboardingstudents.

ConcordAcademy

LocatedinConcord,Massachusetts,ConcordAcademywasfoundedin1922andisaco-educationalprivate

secondaryschool.Itisaco-educational,independent,collegepreparatoryschoolthatfocusesonthehands-on

learning,experimentation,andintellectualgrowthofitsstudents.Itsalumniincludefamousauthors,ambassadors,

doctors,engineers,entrepreneurs,anddancers.

TuitionFee:$66,940peryearforboardingstudents.

TheHotchkissSchool

TheHotchkissSchoolisaboardingschoolinLakeville,Connecticut.Itwasfoundedin1891andenrollsabout

600studentsfromaroundtheworld.Hotchkissisknownforitsacademicprogramaswellasitscompetitivesports

teams.Theschoolalsohasseveraluniqueprograms,includingtheJanusProjectwhichallowsstudentstotake

coursesatnearbycolleges.

TuitionFee:$66,510forboardingstudents.

21.Whichistheoldestofthefourboardingschools?

A.PhillipsAcademyAndover.B.ChoateRosemaryHall.

C.TheHotchkissSchool.D.ConcordAcademy.

22.WhatdoweknowaboutConcordAcademy?

A.ItissituatedinAndover,Massachusetts.

B.Itisknownforindependentlearning.

C.Itstuitionfeeforboardingisthehighest.

D.Itenjoysanacceptancerateofover13%.

23.HowistheHotchkissSchooldifferentfromtheothers?

A.Itacceptsthelargestnumberofstudents.

B.Itenablesstudentstotakecollegecourses.

C.Itistheonlyonefeaturingsportsprograms.

D.Ilownsthelargestnumberoffamousalumni.

【答案】21.A22.C23.B

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国最好的四所寄宿制学校，包括学校的地点、创办年份、办

学特色以及学费等。

21.细节理解题。根据PhillipsAcademyAndover中“Itwasfoundedin1778”（它创办于1778年）及Choate

RosemaryHall中"wasfoundedin1890”（被创建于1890年），ConcordAcademy中“wasfoundedin1922”

（被创建于1922年）和TheHotchkissSchool中“Itwasfoundedin1891”（它创建于1891年）可知，Phillips

ACademyAIIdOVer创办最早，历史最悠久。故选A项。

22.细节理解题。根据ConcordAcademy中aTuitionFee:$66,940peryearforboardingstudents.w（寄宿学

生每年学费66940美元）并对比其他三所学校学费可知，COnCordACa（Iemy学费最高。故选C项。

23.细节理解题。根据TheHotchkissSchool中αTheschoolalsohasseveraluniqueprograms,includingthe

JanusProjectwhichallowsstudentstotakecoursesatnearbyCoHeges,“（该学校也有一些独特的项目，包括

theJanus项目，该项目允许学生选修附近大学的课程）可知，TheHOtehkiSSSChool一大特色是允许学生选

修附近大学的课程。故选B项。

B

IneverimaginedthatsomeonetellingmeIlookedskinnywouldangerme.Andyet,Iwasmadeveryangry

whenacolleaguepinchedmywaistandscreamed,fcςRosa,you'velostweight.Youlookgreat/5InThetruthisthatI

wastiredandnottakingcareofmyself.Idecidedtostartaproperweight-lossprogram.

Thefirsttogowouldberoadrage.Iaminfarlesscontrolofthisweightthananyother.Everytimesomething

getsinmypath,ɪflyOffthehandle,ɪneedtolosetheroadrage,andfast!No,nomorespeed.Instead,Inowrepeat

thewords:"Iamnotinahurry."Thisyear,Iwilldrivesafely,allowing“stupid"tohappenallaroundme.Fromthat,

Ihopetogainpatience.

Nextisguilt.Whenguiltdrivesmyconsciencetodobetter,it,sfunctional.Butwhenitpresentsitselfasan

internaldialoguethatgoesnowhere,it,suseless.Thisyear,Iwanttostopfeelingguiltyfornotkeepingacleaner

house,forspendingtimeawayfrommychildrentobewithfriends,fornotattendingeverypartybecauseΓdrather

beathome,orforwatchingTVwhenIshouldbereading.Myimageandperformancearenotatthefrontofanyone

else,smindbutmyown.Fromthis,Ihopetogainfreedomtobemyself.

Thelastisfear.Fearhasheldmeback.Fearoffailurehaspreventedmefrombeingawriter.Fearof

embarrassmenthaspreventedmefromgivinganopinion.Fearofrejectionhasstoppedmefromaiminghigherin

mylife.Fearofregrethasledmeintosituationsthatmademeuncomfortable.IfIcanloseanyoneofthesefears,ɪ

standtogainexperience.

So,ifleanlosetherage,shakeoffsomeguilt,andtakefearoffmyplate,Istandtogainpatience,freedom,and

experience.PoundforpoundIhavenotlostathingbutIwillbemuchlighter.Nexttime,Ihopemycolleaguelooks

meintheeyetoseemyglowinsteadofpinchingpartofmethathasnothingtodowithhowgreatIreallylook.

24.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“flyoffthehandle,,inparagraph2probablymean?

A.Pickupspeed.B.Driveoff.

C.Feelquitenervous.D.Becomeveryangry.

25.Whathasmadetheauthorfeelguiltybefore?

A.Attendingtoomanyparlies.B.Readingmuchwithherchildren.

C.WastinghertimeinwatchingTV.D.Spendinglittletimewithherfriends.

26.Howhasfearaffectedtheauthor?

A.Ithaspreventedherachievinghergoals.

B.Ithasstoppedherfurtheringhereducation.

C.Ithasmadeitdifficultforhertomakefriends.

D.Ithascausedhertoquitherdreamofbeingateacher.

27.Whatdoestheauthorexpecttogainfromherweight-lossprogram?

A.Respect.B.Independence.C.Optimism.D.Tolerance.

【答案】24.D25.C26.A27.C

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者为了减肥而克服了三样东西。

24.词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“EVerytimesomethinggetsinmypath（每次有东西挡住我的路）”以及后文

“Ineedtolosetheroadrage,andfast!（我得快点改掉路怒症！）”可知，作者有路怒症，所以每次有东西挡了

作者的路，作者就会变得非常生气。故画线词意思是“变得非常生气。故选D。

25.细节理解题。根据第三段“Thisyear,ɪwanttostopfeelingguiltyfornotkeepingacleanerhouse,for

spendingtimeawayfrommychildrentobewithfriends,fornotattendingeverypartybecauseI,dratherbe

athome,orforwatchingTVwhenIshouldbereading.（今年，我想不再为没有保持一个干净的房子而感到内

疚，为花时间远离孩子和朋友在一起而感到内疚，为因为宁愿呆在家里而没有参加每一个聚会而感到内疚，

为在我应该读书的时候看电视而感到内疚）”可知，在此之前，在看电视上浪费时间让作者感到内疚。故选Co

26.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Thelastisfear.Fearhasheldmeback.Fearoffailurehaspreventedme

frombeingawriter.Fearofembarrassmenthaspreventedmefromgivinganopinion.Fearofrejectionhas

stoppedmefromaiminghigherinmylife.（最后是恐惧。恐惧阻碍了我。对失败的恐惧使我无法成为一名作

家。由于害怕尴尬，我不敢发表意见。对拒绝的恐惧让我无法在生活中追求更高的目标）”可知，恐惧阻碍

了作者实现自己的目标。故选A。

27.推理判断题。根据最后一段"Nexttime,Ihopemycolleaguelooksmeintheeyetoseemyglowinsteadof

pinchingpartofmethathasnothingtodowithhowgreatIreallylook.（下次，我希望我的同事能看着我的眼

睛，看到我容光焕发的样子，而不是掐我身上那些与我看起来有多棒无关的部分）”结合上文提到作者想要

克服的三样东西推知，作者期望从她的减肥计划中获得乐观，不再内疚、容易生气和恐惧。故选C。

C

ChristyandTedWilsonsetasidetimeeverySundayeveningtogoovertheirsharedto-dolist.Mostoftheitems

aretaskslikeschedulingdoctorappointmentsandorganizingplaydatesfortheirthreeyoungchildren.

Ineveryrelationship,there,saquestionofwhoisPUningtheirWeightaroundthehouse.Nowthatamajorityof

married-couplefamilieshavetwoworkingparents,theoldςςroughdayattheoffice”excusedoesn,treaiiycutit.

Womenstillhandlemoreofthehouseholdactivities,butmenincreasinglyarespendingtimeonfoodpreparation

andcleanup.Tokeepthingsfairoratleasttoavoidfights,couplesareturningtotechnology.Theyareusingproject

managementappsdesignedfortheworkplacetodivideupandtrackhouseholdto-dosandreservingaportionoftheir

datenightstocomparechores.Insomecases,theyareeventurningitintoagame,settingrewardsforgettingthings

done.

Theimbalancedoesn,talwaysfollowgenderlines（性别界线）.TherewasatimewhenMr.Wilsonwasinmore

ofa"Mr.Mom^^role:Hewasattendingbusinessschool,whileMrs.Wilsonwasclockinglonghoursasalawyer.So

Mr.Wilsonhadmoreflexibilitytotakeonmoreofthechild-careandhousehold-managementwork.Thecouple,s

roleschangedafterMr.Wilsongraduatedandstartedane-commercecompany.44Wehavehadalotofswitchingback

andforthofwhowasinthedriver,sseatintermsofhouseholdmanagementsoonepersonwasn,ttooputupon,^^she

said.Theybeganusingcalendarstokeepthefamilyschedulesstraightandsharingato-dolistintheNotesappon

theirphones.Eachcantakeonchorestheotherdislikes.

28.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“pullingtheirweightaroundthehouse^^inParagraph2probablymean?

A.Takingonthehouseholdchores.

B.Sharingtheburdenofbuyingahouse.

C.Runningaroundthehousetoloseweight.

D.Makingexcusesfornotdoinganyhousework.

29.Whydoesthecoupleturntoprojectmanagementapps?

A.Tostoptheirargumentsoverdates.

B.Toplayphonegameswitheachother.

C.Todistributeandfollowhouseholdto-dos.

D.Torewardthemselvesfordoingthehousework.

30.WhatcanweinferfromtheWilsons,example?

A.Digitalappscanonlyhandlehouseholdarguments.

B.Couplesneedtoswitchtheirroleseachday.

C.Genderplaysakeyroleinmanagement.

D.Understandingcanhelpsettleconflicts.

31.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Waystofinishhousework.B.AdvantagesoftheNotesapp.

C.Afamilyto-dolistgoesdigital.D.Workingparentsfacedifficulties.

【答案】26.A29.C30.D31.C

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述家庭分工走向数字化，职场父母使用一些应用程序来分配和追踪

家庭待办事项。

28.词句猜测题。由第三段首句“Womenstillhandlemoreofthehouseholdactivities,butmenincreasinglyare

spendingtimeonfoodpreparationandCleamJP.（女性仍然承担更多的家务活,但男性越来越多地花时间准备

食物和打扫卫生。）”可推知，划线短语所在句意为“在每段关系中，都有一个该谁承担家务活的问题”。故

选A项。

29.细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theyareusingprojectmanagementappsdesignedfortheworkplaceto

divideupandtrackhouseholdto-dosandreservingaportionoftheirdatenightstocompareChOreS.（他们使

用专为工作场所设计的项目管理应用程序来划分和跟踪家庭待办事项，并预留了一部分约会时间来比较家

务。）”可知，这对夫妇使用项目管理程序是为了分配和跟踪家庭待办事项。故选C项。

30.推理判断题。根据第四段中“TherewasatimewhenMr.Wilsonwasinmoreofa4Mr.MOm'role（曾经有

段时间Wilson先生充当了“妈妈"的角色）"及"Thecouple,sroleschangedafterMr.Wilsongraduatedand

startedane-commercecompany.'Wehavehadalotofswitchingbackandforthofwhowasinthedriver,s

seatintermsofhouseholdmanagementsoonepersonwasn,ttooputupon/sheSaid•（在Wilson先生毕业开

了一家电子商务公司后，这对夫妇的角色发生了变化。她说：，在家庭管理方面，我们经常在由谁来掌舵这

个问题上来回转换，这样就不会有人受到太大的压力。，”可知，WilS（HI夫妇根据彼此的工作需要灵活转换

在家庭管理中充当的角色，互相理解来经营家庭。所以我们可以从Wilson夫妇的例子中推知，理解有助于

解决冲突。故选D项。

31,主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第三段中“Tokeepthingsfairoratleasttoavoidfights,couplesare

turningtotechιwIOgy.（为了保持公平，或者至少避免争吵，夫妻们开始求助于科技。）”可知，文章主要讲述

家庭分工走向数字化，职场父母使用一些应用程序来分配和追踪家庭待办事项。故选C项。

D

Arecentreportrevealedthat,intheUSalone,27milliontonsofplasticendedupinlandfillsin2018,butonly

3.1mɪllontonswererecycled.Wordwidethenumbersaresimilarlybad,withjust9%ofplasticbeingrecycled.The

statisticsareevenworseforcertaintypesofplastic.Forexample,outof80,000tonsofpolystyrene（聚苯乙烯）

containersgeneratedintheUnitedStates,onlyasmallamount（lessthan5,000tons）wasrecycled.

Now,researchersatTheUniversityofQueenslandandhavefoundaspeciesofwornwithanappetitefor

polystyrenecouldbethekeytoplasticrecyclingonamassscale.Thesuperwormcaneatthroughpolystyrene,

thankstoabacterialenzyme（酶）intheirgut.Tostudyhowsuperwormsreacttopurelyplasticfood,researchers

brokeup135ofthecreaturesintothreeteams:onewasfedonlywheatbran（熬皮），anotherwasfedonlyplastics,

andthethirdwasgivennothing.

“Wefoundthebran-fedwormshavebeensignificantlyhealthierthantheplastic-fedorstarvedworms,more

thandoublingtheirweightoverthethreeweekstheyhavebeenmonitored.Thoughtheplastic-fedwormsmadeless

impressivegains,theystillputonmoreweightthanthestarvedworms,,,Dr.Rinkesaid.ςςThissuggeststheworms

cangetenergyfromplastics,mostlikelywiththehelpoftheirgutmicrobes.^^

Researchersusedatechniquecalledmeagenomicstofindseveralencodedenzymeswiththeabilityto

degπιdepolystyrene.Thelong-termgoalistoengineerenzymestodegradeplasticwasteinrecyclingplants.

“Superwormsarelikeminirecyclingplants,eatingthepolystyreneandthenfeedingittothebacteriaintheir

guf,Dr.Rinkesaid.It,shopedthisbio-upcyclingwillpromoteplasticwasterecyclingandreducelandfills.

Researcherssaidtheyaimtogrowthegutbacteriainthelabandfurthertestitsabilitytodegradepolystyrene.Then

theycanlookintohowtoupscalethisprocesstoalevelrequiredforanentirerecyclingplant

32.Whatproblemdothestatisticsinparagraph1indicate?

A.Landfillsarepoorlymanaged.

B.Ittakesalongtimeforplasticwastetobreakup.

C.Manyplasticcontainersareofpoorquality.

D.Plasticsarerecycledataverylowrate.

33.Howdoresearchersconductthestudyonsuperworms?

A.Bycollectingdata.B.Byintroducingaconcept.

C.Bymakingacomparison.D.Byreferringtoapreviousstudy.

34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“degrade“inthefourthparagraphmostprobablymean?

A.consumeB.breakdownC.throwawayD.regulate

35.Whatdoresearchersplantodo?

A.Conductexperimentsonotherwormspecies.

B.Improvegutbacteria,sabilitytodegradeplastics.

C.Applythebio-upcyclingtechnologytorecyclingplants.

D.Raisesuperwormsonamassscaletosolveplasticpollution.

【答案】32.D33.C34.B35.C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种对聚苯乙烯有食欲的蠕虫可能是大规模塑料回收的关键。

32.推理判断题。根据第一段"Arecentreportrevealedthat,intheUSalone,27milliontonsofplasticended

upinlandfillsin2018,butonly3.1millontonswererecycled.Wordwidethenumbersaresimilarlybad,with

just9%ofplasticbeingrecycled.Thestatisticsareevenworseforcertaintypesofplastic.Forexample,out

of80,000tonsofpolystyrene（聚苯乙烯）containersgeneratedintheUnitedStates,onlyasmallamount（less

than5,000tons）wasreCyCIed.（最近的一份报告显示，仅在美国，2018年就有2700万吨塑料最终进入垃圾

填埋场，但只有3」百万吨被回收。在全球范围内，这些数字同样糟糕，只有9%的塑料被回收利用。对于

某些类型的塑料，统计数据甚至更糟。例如，在美国生产的8万吨聚苯乙烯容器中，只有少量（少于5,000

吨）被回收。）“可知，第一段中列出的数据是为了说明塑料回收率很低。故选D项。

33.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Tostudyhowsuperwormsreacttopurelyplasticfood,researchersbrokeup

135ofthecreaturesintothreeteams:onewasfedonlywheatbran喋皮），anotherwasfedonlyplastics,and

thethirdwasgivennothing.（为了研究超级蠕虫对纯塑料食物的反应，研究人员将135生物分成三组：一组

只喂麦熬皮，另一组只喂塑料，第三组什么也不喂。）”可知，研究人员通过分组对比进行研究超级蠕虫。

故选C项。

34.词句猜测题。根据第四段中uResearchersusedatechniquecalledmeagenomicstofindseveralencoded

enzymeswiththeabilitytodegradepolystyrene.Thelong-termgoalistoengineerenzymestodegrade

plasticwasteinrecyclingPlalItS.（研究人员使用一种名为“基因组学”的技术来寻找几种能够……聚苯乙烯

的编码酶。长期目标是设计酶来……回收厂中的塑料废物。）”研究人员利用基因组学来设计一种酶降解塑

料废物。可推测划线单词的意思为“降解，分解“，故选B项。

35.推理判断题。根据最后一段中"It'shopedthisbio-upcyclingwillpromoteplasticwasterecyclingand

reduceIaIIdfmS.（希望这种生物循环将促进塑料废物回收并减少垃圾填埋场。）"及"Thentheycanlookinto

howtoupscalethisprocesstoalevelrequiredforanentirerecyclingplant.（然后，他们可以研究如何将此过

程升级到整个回收工厂所需的水平）”可知研究着们打算将生物循环技术应用于回收工厂，故选C项。

第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Plantingandgrowingthingsofferalotmorethanfreshvegetablesandflowers.Workinginaniceoutdoor

spacecanbenefitpeopleinmorethanoneway.36.

It'safunworkout.Ifswonderfultogetoutinthegardenonabeautifuldaytogiveitatidy.37.

Plantingseeds,pullingupweeds,movingpots,pushingalawnmower,andothergardeningtasksactuallyprovidea