江苏省南通市海安市2023-2024学年高三下学期开学英语试题(解析版)

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省南通市海安市2023-2024学年高三下学期开学英语试题第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)略第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFrom:BridgetPecolini<bpecolini@>To:AnsonWong<mransonwong@>Re:QuestionsaboutonlinemathcontestDate:February18,2024DearMr.Wong,Thankyouforyouremail.We’resogladyourchildissigneduptoparticipateinourmathcontest.Ihopeitwillbearewardingandenrichingexperienceforhim.Youcanaccessthetrainingsessionandpracticetestsbyloggingintoourwebsiteatwww..Onceyou’resignedin,youwillseeseveraltabsontheleft-handside.Oneofthemwillsay“Enrolled.”Ifyouclickonthedrop-downmenuthere,you’llfindthenameofthechildyouregistered.Ifyouclickonthename,you’llbegiventheoptionofjoiningatrainingsessionordoingpracticetests.Ofcourse,youcanchooseneither.Ihopethatanswersyourquestion!Pleaseletmeknowifyouneedanyfurtherhelp.Sincerely,BridgetPecoliniwww./studentinformationMATHCONTEST2024We’regladyou’vedecidedtoparticipateinthisyear’smathcontest.Thisisour38thyearrunningthiscontest,andour3rdwithanonlineoption.Wehopetobeabletoofferin-personcontestsnextyear!GaryWong3rdGradeAccesstothecontestSampletest2024&Practicetests(2019-2023)(availableApril14at11am)(availableApril7-12)1.What’sBridget’spurposeofcontactingAnsonWong?A.Tocheckinonhim. B.TourgeGarytojoinacourse.C.Toreplytohisemail. D.Toremindhimtopaytheexpense.2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Contestantswillhavethein-personcontestataspecificspotthisyear.B.Itisamustforcontestantstojoinatrainingsessionbeforethecontest.C.Doingenoughpracticetestsisaguaranteeforacontestanttogetareward.D.Ifastudentwantstoparticipateinthecontest,heshouldsignuponlinefirst.3.Whenwilltheofficialcontestbeheld?A.OnApril7. B.OnApril14. C.OnApril12. D.OnFebruary18.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。BridgetPecolini针对AnsonWong关于在线数学竞赛的问题给予回信解答，并给出了关于GaryWong的学生信息。〖答案〗1.C2.D3.B【1题详析】推理判断题。根据信中的“Re:Questionsaboutonlinemathcontest(回复：关于在线数学竞赛的问题)”和“Thankyouforyouremail.(感谢您的电子邮件)”可知，Bridget联系AnsonWong是为了回复他的邮件。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Youcanaccessthetrainingsessionandpracticetestsbyloggingintoourwebsiteatwww..Onceyou’resignedin,youwillseeseveraltabsontheleft-handside.(你可以登录我们的网站。登录后，你将在左侧看到几个选项卡)”可知，D选项“如果一个学生想参加比赛，他应该先在网上报名”正确。故选D。【3题详析】细节理解题。由文章信件内容中“Accesstothecontest(availableAugust14at11am)(参加比赛（8月14日上午11点）)”可知，正式比赛将于4月14日举行。故选B。BWorkingatabankinNewYorkCityinthemid-2010s,AnnaSackswasnotlivingthelifeshewanted.Sure,shewashappy.Butshewantedtodosomethingthatfeltimportant.Somepeopleseekingmeaningmightreadaself-helpbookorperhapsvolunteerafewhoursaweek.SackspackedupherlifeandmovedtoConnecticuttoparticipateinAdamah,afarmingprogramthatfocusesonsustainablelivingandgrowingsustainablefood.WhenshereturnedtoNewYork,herlifewaswithanewpurposeandmanynewskillstomakeherdreamsareality.“OneofthethingsthatreallystuckwithmefromAdamahwashowlittlewastetheyproducedandhowtheyhandledthewastetheydidhave,primarilythroughcomposting(堆肥),”shesays.TheAdamahprogramopenedSacks’eyestothedamageconsumercultureisdoingonalocal,national,andgloballevel,andtheneedtofindsolutions.Soin2017,shebeganwhatshecalls“trashwalking”.Duringtoursaroundhercommunity,Sackspicksthroughgarbagetolookforreusableitems.Soon,her“trashwalking”expandedtoincludecorporatetrashalongwithresidentialtrash.Surprisingly,shediscoveredawiderangeofreallygreatstuff-likeclothing,decorations,andfood-allofwhichshedocumentsonTikTok.UnderthenameTheTrashWalker,Sacksquicklygainedpopularityforhervideosthathighlighttheproblemswithconsumerism.“Therootissueisoverproduction,whichleadstooverconsumption,whichleadstoalargeamountofwaste,”shesays.Thefactis,companiesoftenchoosetotrashitemsratherthangivethemawaytopeoplewhomightneedthem.Abigreasonforthiswasteisthewayourcurrenttaxlawsarestructured,Sackssays.Sellerswhodestroygoodscanclaimthecostasalossontheirtaxesandberefunded.Iftheygiveawaygoods,theycanclaimonlyasmallamountasacharitablereductionontheirtaxes.Sacks’mainfocusissimplygettingpeopletopayattentiontohowmanyunnecessarythingstheybuyandthenthrowaway.“Onceyoubecomeawareofthewayyouconsume,youcanseewaysyouimprove,”shesays.4.WhydidAnnaSacksleaveNewYork?A.Tolearnhowtogrowfood. B.Topursueamoremeaningfullife.C.Torealizeherdreamasavolunteer. D.Toaccepttheinvitationfromaprogram.5.WhatimpressedAnnaSacksmostabouttheAdamahprogram?A.Thesignificanceoftrashwalking. B.Thehardtruthofconsumerculture.C.Thesustainablefoodpeopleproduced. D.Thewaypeopletheredealtwiththewaste.6.Whatmakescompaniesprefertothrowoutgoodsastrash?A.Thetaxrefund. B.Thetaxreduction.C.Theoverproduction. D.Thepoorqualityofgoods.7.WhatcanwelearnfromAnnaSacks’story?A.Consumercultureaccountsforwasting. B.Corporatetrashoutweighsresidentialtrash.C.Turningtofarmingleadstosustainableliving. D.Trashwalkingisthekeytobecomingwealthy.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了AnnaSacks的个人生活故事。她曾在纽约一家银行工作，虽然生活幸福但感觉缺乏重要性。她参加了农业项目Adamah，学习可持续生活和种植可持续食物，这改变了她的生活目标和技能，同时她开始关注消费文化带来的损害，并通过拣选垃圾来展示这个问题。她希望引起人们对于过度购买和浪费的关注，从而引发改变。〖答案〗4.B5.D6.A7.A【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“WorkingatabankinNewYorkCityinthemid-2010s,AnnaSackswasnotlivingthelifeshewanted.Sure,shewashappy.Butshewantedtodosomethingthatfeltimportant.(2010年代中期在纽约一家银行工作的AnnaSacks并没有过上她想要的生活。当然，她很高兴。但她想做点有意义的事)”以及第二段“Somepeopleseekingmeaningmightreadaself-helpbookorperhapsvolunteerafewhoursaweek.SackspackedupherlifeandmovedtoConnecticuttoparticipateinAdamah,afarmingprogramthatfocusesonsustainablelivingandgrowingsustainablefood.(一些寻求人生意义的人可能会读一本自助书籍，或者每周做几个小时的志愿者。Sacks结束了她的生活，搬到了康涅狄格州，参加了一个专注于可持续生活和种植可持续食物的农业项目Adamah)”可知，AnnaSacks离开纽约是因为她想过有意义的生活。故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中““OneofthethingsthatreallystuckwithmefromAdamahwashowlittlewastetheyproducedandhowtheyhandledthewastetheydidhave,primarilythroughcomposting(堆肥),”shesays.(她说：“Adamah让我印象深刻的是，他们产生的废物很少，而且他们是如何处理废物的，主要是通过堆肥。”)”可知，那里的人们处理废物的方式给AnnaSacks留下了最深的印象。故选D。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Thefactis,companiesoftenchoosetotrashitemsratherthangivethemawaytopeoplewhomightneedthem.Abigreasonforthiswasteisthewayourcurrenttaxlawsarestructured,Sackssays.(事实是，公司经常选择丢弃物品而不是把它们送给可能需要它们的人。Sacks说，造成这种浪费的一个重要原因是我们现行税法的结构方式)”以及“Sellerswhodestroygoodscanclaimthecostasalossontheirtaxesandberefunded.(损坏货物的卖家可以将损失作为税收损失，并获得退款)”可知，退税让公司更愿意把商品当垃圾扔掉。故选A。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sacks’mainfocusissimplygettingpeopletopayattentiontohowmanyunnecessarythingstheybuyandthenthrowaway.“Onceyoubecomeawareofthewayyouconsume,youcanseewaysyouimprove,”shesays.(Sacks的主要重点是让人们注意到他们买了多少不必要的东西，然后扔掉了。她说：“一旦你意识到自己的消费方式，你就能看到自己改善的方法。”)”以及通读全文可知，AnnaSacks的故事告诉我们，消费文化导致了过度生产、过度消费和大量的浪费。A选项“消费文化造成了浪费”符合题意。故选A。CInpartsofAfrica,peoplecommunicatewithawildbird—thegreaterhoneyguide-inordertolocatebeehabitatsandharvesttheirstoresofhoney.It’sarareexampleofcooperationbetweenhumansandwildanimals,andapotentialinstanceofculturalcoevolution(共同进化).BrianWoodfromUCLAandClaireSpottiswoodefromUniversityofCapeTownwereleadauthorsonastudyshowinghowthisvaluablepartnershipismaintainedandvariesacrosscultures.“Ourstudydemonstratesthebird’sabilitytolearndistinctvoicedsignalsthataretraditionallyusedbydifferenthoney-huntingcommunities,expandingpossibilitiesformutuallybeneficialcooperationwithpeople,”Woodsaid.“Honeyguidesseemtoknowthelandscapewell,gatheringknowledgeaboutthelocationofbeenests,whichtheythensharewithpeople,”Spottiswoodesaid.“Peopleareeagerforthebird’shelp.”Thehoneyguidesalsobenefitfromlocatingthecolonies:Theyeattheleftoverhoneycomb.SpottiswoodeandWood’sstudywasdoneincooperationwiththeHadzainTanzania,withwhomWoodhasbeenconductingresearchsince2004,andtheYaocommunityofnorthernMozambique.Theirpriorworkinbothcommunitiesdocumenteddifferencesinhoweachcultureattractshoneyguides.AmongtheHadza,ahoney-hunterannouncesadesiretopartnerwiththebirdbywhistling.InMozambique,Yaohoney-huntersdosowitha“Brr!”...followedbya“...hmm!”Usingmathematicalmodelsandaudioplaybackexperiments,theteamstudiedthesesignals,theirusefulnesstopeopleandtheirimpactsonbirds.TheyexperimentallyexposedhoneyguidesinTanzaniaandMozambiquetothesamesetofprerecordedsounds.Thisenabledtheresearcherstotestwhetherhoneyguideshadlearnedtorecognizeandpreferthespecializedsignalsthatlocalhoney-huntersusedorwerenaturallyattractedtoallsuchsignals.ThehoneyguidesinTanzaniawereoverthreetimesmorelikelytocooperatewhenhearingthecallsoflocalHadzapeoplethanthecallsof‘foreign’Yao.ThehoneyguidesinMozambiquewerealmosttwiceaslikelytocooperatewhenhearingthelocalYaocall,comparedtothe‘foreign’Hadzawhistles.Thestudyproposesthatdifferencesinhoneyguide-attractingsignalsarenotrandom,butmakepracticalsense.Whilehoney-hunting,boththeHadzaandYaocomeacrossmammals(哺乳动物),butonlytheHadzahuntthem,usingbowsandarrows.TheHadza’shuntingmightexplainthelessnotablewhistlestheyuse.FilmedinterviewsshowHadzahuntersexplainingthattheycanevadebeingdetectedbytheirprey(猎物)becausetheirwhistles“soundlikebirds.”Contrarily,thesignaltheYaousetocommunicatewiththehoneyguidecanhelpscareoffanimalstheyfinddangerous.8.Bycooperatingwithhoney-huntingcommunities,honeyguidescan_____.A.nestnearhumancultureB.locatebeehabitatseasierC.haveaccesstomorefoodD.becomefamiliarwiththelandscape9.Whydidtheresearchersusethesameprerecordedsignals?A.Tostudytheirmathematicalmodels.B.Tocheckiftheyareanaturalpreference.C.Toinvestigatetheirusefulnesstohumans.D.Toseeiftheyincreasebirds’abilitytofindhoney.10.WhatcanwelearnfromSpottiswoodeandWood’sstudy?A.Thehuman-birdrelationshipcanchangewithnewsignals.B.TheYaocommunityhuntsanimalswhilelookingforbeenests.C.Thehoneyguidesaremoreresponsivetocallsfromthelocalpeople.D.ThesignalsfromtheHadzaweremoreeffectiveinattractinghoneyguides.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Howmammalsreacttodifferentsignals.B.Howhuntingtechniquesareappliedtoprey.C.Howwhistlesenablehoneyguidestofindtargets.D.Howsignalsareassociatedwithhuntingpractice.【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文，研究表明，人们可以与野生动物合作，造成文化共同进化。该研究展示了这种宝贵的伙伴关系是如何在不同文化中维持和变化的。〖答案〗8.C9.B10.C11.D【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段““Ourstudydemonstratesthebird’sabilitytolearndistinctvoicedsignalsthataretraditionallyusedbydifferenthoney-huntingcommunities,expandingpossibilitiesformutuallybeneficialcooperationwithpeople,”Woodsaid.“Honeyguidesseemtoknowthelandscapewell,gatheringknowledgeaboutthelocationofbeenests,whichtheythensharewithpeople,”Spottiswoodesaid.“Peopleareeagerforthebird’shelp.”Thehoneyguidesalsobenefitfromlocatingthecolonies:Theyeattheleftoverhoneycomb.(伍德说:“我们的研究表明，这种鸟有能力学习不同的声音信号，这些信号是不同的采蜜社区传统上使用的，这扩大了与人类互利合作的可能性。”斯波蒂斯伍德说:“蜜䴕似乎很了解周围的风景，它们会收集蜂巢的位置信息，然后与人们分享。人们渴望这只鸟的帮助。”蜜䴕也从定位蜂群中获益：它们吃剩下的蜂巢)”可知，通过与采蜜社区合作，蜜䴕可以获得更多的食物。故选C项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“TheyexperimentallyexposedhoneyguidesinTanzaniaandMozambiquetothesamesetofprerecordedsounds.

Thisenabledtheresearcherstotestwhetherhoneyguideshadlearnedtorecognizeandpreferthespecializedsignalsthatlocalhoney-huntersusedorwerenaturallyattractedtoallsuchsignals.(他们将坦桑尼亚和莫桑比克的蜜䴕暴露在同一组预先录制好的声音中进行实验。这使研究人员能够测试蜜䴕是学会了识别和偏爱当地采蜜者使用的特殊信号，还是自然地被所有这些信号所吸引)”可知，研究人员在同一组预先录制好的声音中进行实验来检验蜜䴕被信号吸引是否是一种自然偏好。故选B项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“ThehoneyguidesinTanzaniawereoverthreetimesmorelikelytocooperatewhenhearingthecallsoflocalHadzapeoplethanthecallsof‘foreign’Yao.ThehoneyguidesinMozambiquewerealmosttwiceaslikelytocooperatewhenhearingthelocalYaocall,comparedtothe‘foreign’Hadzawhistles.(坦桑尼亚的蜜䴕在听到当地哈扎族人的叫声时，配合的可能性是听到“外国”瑶族叫声的三倍多。莫桑比克的蜜䴕在听到当地瑶族的叫声时，与听到“外来”哈扎族的哨声相比，合作的可能性几乎是前者的两倍)”可推知，蜜䴕对当地人的呼唤更有反应。故选C项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Thestudyproposesthatdifferencesinhoneyguide-attractingsignalsarenotrandom,butmakepracticalsense.Whilehoney-hunting,boththeHadzaandYaocomeacrossmammals,butonlytheHadzahuntthem,usingbowsandarrows.TheHadza’shuntingmightexplainthelessnotablewhistlestheyuse.FilmedinterviewsshowHadzahuntersexplainingthattheycanevadebeingdetectedbytheirpreybecausetheirwhistles“soundlikebirds.”Contrarily,thesignaltheYaousetocommunicatewiththehoneyguidecanhelpscareoffanimalstheyfinddangerous.(这项研究表明，吸引蜜䴕信号的差异不是随机的，而是有实际意义的。在采蜜的过程中，哈扎族和瑶族都遇到了哺乳动物，但只有哈扎族用弓箭猎杀它们。哈扎人的狩猎行为或许可以解释他们使用的不那么引人注目的哨声。视频采访显示，哈扎猎人解释说，他们可以逃避被猎物发现，因为他们的哨声“听起来像鸟”。相反，瑶族用来与蜜䴕交流的信号可以吓跑他们认为危险的动物)”可知，文章最后一段讲述了信号是如何与狩猎活动联系起来的。故选D项。DTheAgeofInformationisbulging:ifyoutriedtodownloadallthedataavailabletoday,you’dneedmorethan180millionyearstodoso.Butyouarewrongtoassumethatallinformationwouldstimulateaboostofinnovationtomatchtheoutputofdata.Indeed,thelasttimewefoundourselvesinaperiodofsignificantinnovationwasover120yearsago,calledtheAgeofInsight.Innovations,bigorsmall,startwithanewidea.Often,theseideasoccurasamomentofinsight—theresultofanovelconnectioninourbrainsmadebetweenexistingandnewinformation.Studiesshowinsightsinvolvequietsignalsdeepinthebrain.Anythingthathelpsusnoticequietsignalscanincreasethechanceofinsights.However,it’sbecomingmorechallengingtofindthosesignalstoday,everymomentfilledwithanendlesssupplyofcontent.Besides,wealsowanttoincreasethequalityofthemtosortthroughbignewideasandfindthereallyvaluableonesthatcanbehardtomeasure.Launchedin2015,theEurekaScale(尤里卡量表)allowsustoassessthestrengthofourinsightexperiencesonafive-pointscale,namely,intenseemotions,motivation,memoryadvantage,aftershocks,andfollowingideas.TheScalecombinesthesefivevariablesintoasinglevaluetodefinetheimportanceofanewideaandhasbroadapplicationsformeasuringandimprovingindividualandorganizationalperformance.Evenitcanbeusedtomeasuretheimpactofdifferentkindsofworkenvironmentsandlearningapproachesonparticipants’growth.Thelevel-5insight,involvingtherichestemotion,motivation,andlastingimpact,holdsthegreatestsignificance.Inorderfororganizationstobenefitfromanotherageofinsight,it’snotenoughtotrytoaccessmoredataorincreasethenumberofinsightswegenerate.Instead,it’saboutmakingspaceforthebiggestideastoemergefromalltheinformation.UsingtheScaleasawaytomeasurehowimportantideasarewillenablebetterdecision-makingtowardpracticalandcompetitiveoutcomes.Ifwe’retoenteranewageofinsight,wemustmaketimelyandnecessarychangestodesignourenvironmentsforthebestinsightpossibletosurface.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bulging”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Approaching. B.Exploding. C.Shifting. D.Updating.13.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcasescanincreasethechanceofinsights?A.Byengaginginongoingsocialmediainteractions.B.Byrelyingontechnologytoreceiveregularnotices.C.Bysteppingawayfromcomputersbetweenmeetings.D.Byparticipatinginadditionaltrainingandcoachingsessions.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.TheEurekaScalecontrolstheinfluenceofourinsights.B.Onewithalevel-5insighthasminimalemotionalresponses.C.Boththequantityandqualityofinsightsareessentialtoinnovation.D.Abreakthroughhasbeenmadeininnovationduetoawealthofinformation.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthecurrentenvironmentforinnovations?A.Uncertain. B.Optimistic. C.Unconcerned. D.Dissatisfied.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。这篇文章主要讲述了信息时代的到来以及洞察力对创新的重要性。信息的数量不断增加，但并不一定能刺激创新的提升。洞察力是创新的基础，通过Eureka量表可以评估洞察力的强度和重要性。为了进入新的洞察力时代，需要找到那些重要想法的空间，以使它们能够浮出水面。〖答案〗12.B13.C14.C15.D【12题详析】词义猜测题。根据划线词后文“ifyoutriedtodownloadallthedataavailabletoday,you’dneedmorethan180millionyearstodoso(如果你想下载今天所有可用的数据，你需要超过1.8亿年的时间)”可知，如今的数据太多，即信息时代在膨胀，划线词bulging意为“激增，膨胀”与B选项“Exploding(爆发，激增)”意思一致。故选B。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Studiesshowinsightsinvolvequietsignalsdeepinthebrain.Anythingthathelpsusnoticequietsignalscanincreasethechanceofinsights.However,it’sbecomingmorechallengingtofindthosesignalstoday,everymomentfilledwithanendlesssupplyofcontent.(研究表明，洞察力涉及大脑深处的安静信号。任何能帮助我们注意到安静信号的东西都能增加洞察的机会。然而，如今要找到这些信号变得越来越困难，因为每时每刻都充斥着无穷无尽的内容。)”可知，静默的信号是产生洞察力的一种方式，因此需要避免一些干扰，比如社交媒体，并且需要适当的间隔来让大脑有机会产生新的想法，即在会议间隙远离电脑可以增加获得洞察力的可能性。故选C。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Innovations,bigorsmall,startwithanewidea.Often,theseideasoccurasamomentofinsight—theresultofanovelconnectioninourbrainsmadebetweenexistingandnewinformation.(创新，无论大小，都始于一个新的想法。通常，这些想法是在我们的大脑中在现有信息和新信息之间建立的新联系的瞬间产生的)”以及第三段中“Besides,wealsowanttoincreasethequalityofthemtosortthroughbignewideasandfindthereallyvaluableonesthatcanbehardtomeasure.(此外，我们还希望提高它们的质量，以便对重大的新想法进行分类，并找到那些难以衡量的真正有价值的想法)”以及“Launchedin2015,theEurekaScale(尤里卡量表)allowsustoassessthestrengthofourinsightexperiencesonafive-pointscale,namely,intenseemotions,motivation,memoryadvantage,aftershocks,andfollowingideas.(尤里卡量表于2015年推出，它允许我们用五分制来评估我们的顿悟体验的强度，即强烈的情绪、动机、记忆优势、余震和后续想法)”可知，对于创新不论大小，都需要很多灵光一现的瞬间产生的想法（洞察力）；同时也需要提高洞察力的质量，从而才能对重大想法进行分类，确定出有真正价值的想法，尤里卡量表以对洞察力的强度进行评估进行确定。因此洞察的数量和质量对创新都至关重要。故选C。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Inorderfororganizationstobenefitfromanotherageofinsight,it’snotenoughtotrytoaccessmoredataorincreasethenumberofinsightswegenerate.Instead,it’saboutmakingspaceforthebiggestideastoemergefromalltheinformation.(为了让组织从另一个洞察时代中受益，仅仅尝试访问更多数据或增加我们产生的洞察数量是不够的。相反，它是为从所有信息中脱颖而出的最伟大的想法腾出空间)”以及第二段中“However,it’sbecomingmorechallengingtofindthosesignalstoday,everymomentfilledwithanendlesssupplyofcontent.(然而，如今要找到这些信号变得越来越困难，因为每时每刻都充斥着无穷无尽的内容)”以及最后一段中“Ifwe’retoenteranewageofinsight,wemustmaketimelyandnecessarychangestodesignourenvironmentsforthebestinsightpossibletosurface.(如果我们要进入一个洞察的新时代，我们必须及时做出必要的改变来设计我们的环境，以使最好的洞察可能浮出水面)”可知，对于创新，仅仅尝试访问更多数据或增加我们产生的洞察数量是不够的，而是应该为从所有信息中脱颖而出的最伟大的想法腾出空间，可是当下随着科技的日益普及，找到这些安静的信号变得越来越有挑战性，故作者对于当下的创新环境是感到不满意的，因此作者呼吁我们必须设计我们的环境，以允许最好的洞察浮出水面。故选D。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Therearemanyreasonswhysomecatsarebad-tempered.It’scommonlybelievedthattheirtemperamentcanbeinfluencedbythewaytheyarebornorraised._____16_____AccordingtoveterinarianDrKatrinaWarren,theproblemcangenerallybesolved,butyou’llneedtolookforunderlyingissues.Changesinacat’sbehaviourcanoftenbeexplainedbyahealthproblem.Paincancausecatstobehavedifferently.It’seasytomistakeaproblemasbehavioural,whichinfactismedical.Shouldyouobserveasignificantchangeinyourcat’sbehaviour,thenavisittothevetisthebestplacetostart._____17_____Alsohidingandavoidingbeingtouched.Besuretoreportallchangestoyourvet.Therearemanyhealthproblemsthatcanbereadilytreatedtoeasesymptomsandpainforyourcat.Itpaystorememberthatcatsdon’tliketoshareorqueue.Sharingof‘resources’suchaslittertraysandfoodbowlscancausestressandanxietyformanycats.It’salwaysagoodideatoprovideeachcatwiththeirownlitterbox,food,waterbowlsandbed.Alackofspacetohidefromoravoidothercats,competitionforterritoryandlackofindividualattentioncanalsoaddtohouseholdfriction.____18____Movingtoanewhouse,thearrivalofanewbaby,newpetsandothertypesofchangecanseriouslyimpactcatbehaviour.Catsarecreaturesofhabitandtendtobeterritorial._____19_____Trytokeepyourcat’senvironmentascalmaspossibleandensurethereareplaceswheretheyfeelsafe._____20_____Theseareoftencatsthatreceivedlimitedsocialisationwithhumanswhentheywerekittens.Thesecatsdobestinaquiethouseholdwithoutchildrenandneedunderstandingandpatiencetohelpbuildtheirconfidence.A.Somecatssimplydonotlikebeingtouchedandhandled.B.Watchoutforchangesineating,drinkingorlitter-boxhabits.C.Whenyourcatseemslonely,youcanholditgentlyinyourarms.D.Ifso,offeringthecatahighplacetosit,suchasaclimbingtree,canbehelpful.E.Soachangeinroutinemaycausethemtoreact,includingwithdrawaloraggression.F.Don’tforgettheirincrediblesenseofsmell,whichisausefultoolofcommunication.G.Infact,eventhesweetestcatscansuddenlybecomebad-temperedandbehaveoutofcharacter.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了猫脾气暴躁的原因以及解决办法。〖答案〗16.G17.B18.D19.E20.A【16题详析】根据上文“Therearemanyreasonswhysomecatsarebad-tempered.It’scommonlybelievedthattheirtemperamentcanbeinfluencedbythewaytheyarebornorraised.(有些猫脾气不好有很多原因。人们普遍认为，他们的气质会受到出生或成长方式的影响)”以及后文“AccordingtoveterinarianDrKatrinaWarren,theproblemcangenerallybesolved,butyou’llneedtolookforunderlyingissues.(根据兽医卡特里娜·沃伦博士的说法，这个问题通常是可以解决的，但你需要寻找潜在的问题)”可知，本句主要说明猫脾气暴躁的事情，后文给出解决方法。故G选项“事实上，即使是最可爱的猫也会突然变得脾气暴躁，行为反常”符合语境，故选G。【17题详析】根据上文“Changesinacat’sbehaviourcanoftenbeexplainedbyahealthproblem.Paincancausecatstobehavedifferently.It’seasytomistakeaproblemasbehavioural,whichinfactismedical.Shouldyouobserveasignificantchangeinyourcat’sbehaviour,thenavisittothevetisthebestplacetostart.(猫的行为变化通常可以用健康问题来解释。疼痛会导致猫的行为不同。人们很容易把一个问题误认为是行为问题，而实际上是医学问题。如果你观察到猫的行为有明显的变化，那么去看兽医是最好的开始)”可知，本句承接上文，具体说明应该注意猫的哪些变化。故B选项“注意饮食或猫砂盆习惯的变化”符合语境，故选B。【18题详析】根据上文“Alackofspacetohidefromoravoidothercats,competitionforterritoryandlackofindividualattentioncanalsoaddtohouseholdfriction.(缺乏躲避或躲避其他猫的空间，争夺地盘和缺乏个人关注也会增加家庭摩擦)”可知，上文提到了导致家庭摩擦的原因，本句为本段最后一句，故给出解决方案。故D选项“如果是这样，给猫提供一个高的地方坐，比如爬树，可能会有帮助”符合语境，故选D。【19题详析】根据上文“Catsarecreaturesofhabitandtendtobeterritorial.(猫是有习惯的动物，往往有领地意识)”以及后文“Trytokeepyourcat’senvironmentascalmaspossibleandensurethereareplaceswheretheyfeelsafe.(尽量让你的猫的环境保持平静，并确保有它们感到安全的地方)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出哪些情况会导致猫的习性反应，后文给出方法。故E选项“因此，日常生活的改变可能会引起他们的反应，包括退缩或攻击”符合语境，故选E。【20题详析】根据本段内容“Theseareoftencatsthatreceivedlimitedsocialisationwithhumanswhentheywerekittens.Thesecatsdobestinaquiethouseholdwithoutchildrenandneedunderstandingandpatiencetohelpbuildtheirconfidence.(这些猫通常是小猫时与人类交往有限的猫。这些猫在没有孩子的安静家庭中表现最好，需要理解和耐心来帮助它们建立信心)”可知，本段主要说明了有些猫因为小时候没有和人类进行社交，所以导致天生不与人亲近的情况。故A选项“有些猫就是不喜欢被触摸和控制”符合语境，故选A。第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。GardeningchangedhowIseemyselfasadisabledwoman.WhenIstartedgardeningin2018,Ididn’tknowanythingaboutplants,letalonehowtogrowthingswecan____21____.Ithoughtgardeningrequiredalotof____22____tasks.AsIhaveageneticconditionthatcausesmybonesto____23____easily,Ididn’tbelieveIcouldcompletethem.Thethoughtoftakingcareofplantsinawheelchaireverydaymademefeel____24____.ButjustlikehowIgraduallylearnteverythingelseasadisabledperson,Ihadto____25____howtogardenmyway.Thatfirstseason,IvisitedmygardenasmuchasIcould.Noticingmyinterestingardening,myneighborsinthecommunity____26____offeredmeadviceandsupport.Undertheircareful____27____,Imanagedtopulluptheweedsandwateredmyplantsonmyown.Finally,Iwasso____28____toeatthetomatoesIgrewandevensharedsomemoreproduceswithneighbors.Gardeninghas____29____howIseeotherpartsofmylife.Asadisabledwoman,Ifearbeingseenasa____30____andstruggletoaskforthethingsIneed.Gardeninghelpedme____31____thefactthatIhaveneeds.Idon’tthinkmyplantisaheavyloadbecauseitneedsmorenutrition.Idon’t____32____itforgettinginsectsandnotbeingabletofightagainstthem.Gardeningalsohelpedme____33____mysocialcircleandgrowclosertopeopleinourcommunity.Overtheyears,gardeninghasmademefeelmore____34____ineveryaspectofmylife.I’mplantingwhatIwanttogrow,andIhavegainedalotof____35____fromthat.21.A.enjoy B.deliver C.eat D.donate22.A.simple B.physical C.pleasant D.urgent23.A.change B.rest C.break D.move24.A.anxious B.expectant C.motivated D.bored25.A.lookover B.showoff C.bringback D.figureout26.A.suddenly B.readily C.hesitantly D.casually27.A.observation B.check C.discussion D.guidance28.A.willing B.well-meaning C.proud D.unexpected29.A.impacted B.ruined C.controlled D.recorded30.A.failure B.focus C.burden D.threat31.A.normalize B.challenge C.tune D.entitle32.A.appreciate B.fault C.challenge D.forgive33.A.establish B.expand C.highlight D.expose34.A.flexible B.responsible C.potential D.confident35.A.justice B.access C.weight D.power【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了作者作为一个残疾女性在园艺方面的经历。她一开始觉得园艺需要许多费力的任务，因为她有遗传疾病导致骨骼易碎，所以她认为自己无法完成这些任务。但是经过自己努力和邻居的帮助，她成功地种植了蔬菜，并且园艺让她改变了对自己的看法，并且帮助她更加自信和拓宽社交圈。〖答案〗21.C22.B23.C24.A25.D26.B27.D28.C29.A30.C31.A32.B33.B34.D35.D【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在2018年开始园艺时，我对植物一无所知，更不用说如何种植我们可以吃的东西了。A.enjoy享受；B.deliver送；C.eat吃；D.donate捐赠。根据下文“toeatthetomatoesIgrewandevensharedsomemoreproduceswithneighbors”指种植可以吃的作物，故选C。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为园艺需要很多体力劳动。A.simple简单的；B.physical身体的；C.pleasant愉快的；D.urgent紧急的。根据“gardening”以及后文的“Ididn’tbelieveIcouldcompletethem.”可知，作者有遗传性疾病，认为自己不能完成园艺，因为作者认为园艺需要很多体力劳动。故选B。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于我有一种遗传疾病，导致我的骨头容易骨折，我不相信我能完成它们。A.change改变；B.rest休息；C.break破损；D.move移动。根据“AsIhaveagenetic(遗传的)condition”可知，作者有着天生的一种遗传疾病，导致骨头容易骨折。故选C。【24题详析】考