中考英语总复习+语法专题课件 冠词

语法专题专题二

冠词知识导图进入中考冠词考点学习前，我们先来进行该考点的自我诊断吧。请阅读以下三个句子，并在句中将所有的冠词用下划线标示出来。1．SusanandPaulbroughtthembackhomeandtiedthemwithapieceofstringintotheshapeofacross.2．TheMid­-AutumnFestivaliscelebratedonthefifteenthdayoftheeighthlunarmonth.3．Anhonestmanwhokeepshiswordisthehappiestaroundtheworld.考点诊断

冠词是一种虚词，不能在句子中作独立成分，要用在名词的前面，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物。它不能离开名词而单独存在，因此，可以说冠词就是名词的一种标志。在英语中，冠词分为不定冠词（a和an）和定冠词（the）两种：不定冠词一般用于单数名词前，表示泛指；定冠词既可修饰可数名词（单复数均可），又可修饰不可数名词，表示特指。考点梳理&1&

不定冠词不定冠词a和an的区别a修饰辅音音素开头的可数名词，而an修饰元音音素开头的可数名词：a

girl，a

key，an

hour，an

apple，an

eraser，an

island，an

“F”/“M”/“X”◆单独字母前的a

和an的选用请记住“Mr.Li

has

one

fox”，字母在这句话里面的用an，不在的用a不发音的h：an

hour，an

honest

boyu字母开头的单词：a

university，a

uniform，a

useful

book，a

UFO，a

union（u发［juː］，辅音音素开头），an

umbrella，an

unusual

story（u发［ʌ］，元音音素开头）不定冠词的用法泛指某一类人或物：A

monkey

is

very

clever.

猴子是非常聪明的。表示数量“一”,相当于one：I

have

a

basketball.

我有一个篮球。第一次提到某物或人：An

old

lady

is

waiting

for

you.

一位年长的女士在等你。表示“每一”,相当于every:once

a

week用于某些固定搭配,如：a

little,a

lot

of,in

a

hurry,for

a

while,all

of

a

sudden,have

a

look/cold/rest,take

a

walk,a

number

of,have

a

good

time,a

moment

ago,once

upon

a

time,make

a

face用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”续表用适当的冠词填空，不需要的画“/”。1.__China

is____old

country

with___long

history.2.

Learning

is___lifelong

journey

because

every

day

brings

something

new.3.

Susan

is

such____honest

and

helpful

teacher

that

every

student

respects

her

so

much.4.____unexpected

event

happened

while

she

was

watching__TV./anaaanAn/&2&

定冠词用法例子1.特指某些人或某些物或上文已经提到过的人或物The

girl

under

the

tree

is

my

sister.树下的女孩是我的姐姐。2.指谈话双方都知道的人或物Where's

the

fire

station?消防站在哪里？3.世界上独一无二的事物The

sun

rises

in

the

east.太阳从东方升起。4.用在乐器前Can

you

play

the

piano?你会弹钢琴吗？用法例子5.用在序数词和形容词最高级前He

is

always

the

first

to

school，so

he

is

one

of

the

most

hard-working

students

in

his

class.他总是第一个到学校，所以他是班里最勤奋的学生之一。6.用在方位词前Shanghai

is

in

the

east

of

China.上海位于中国的东部。续表用法例子7.用在姓氏的复数前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇”两人The

Greens

are

on

vacation

in

Beijing.格林一家在北京度假。8.用在某些形容词前，表示“某一类人”The

young

should

take

care

of

the

old.年轻人应该照顾老人。9.江河湖海及山脉前The

Yellow

River

is

the

second

longest

river

in

China.黄河是中国的第二长河。续表用法例子10.名词后有后置定语（定语从句、介词短语等）The

book

I

bought

yesterday

was

lost

this

morning.我昨天买的那本书在今天早上丢了。11.用在普通名词构成的专有名词前The

Great

Wall

is

a

good

place

to

go

sightseeing.长城是观光的好地方。续表续表12.用在某些固定词组中：allthetime（一直）

atthesametime（同时）atthemoment（此时）

attheendof（在……的尽头）

attheageof（在……岁时）bytheway（顺便一提）intheend（最后）inthemorning（在早上）

inthefuture（在未来）

inthemiddleof（在……中间）

inthefrontof（在……的前面）lookthesame（看上去一样）ontheway（to）（在……的路上）thedayaftertomorrow（后天）

thenumberof（……的数量）单项选择。1.

—Betty

began

to

play________violin

at________age

of

four.—No

wonder

she

plays

so

well.（2023·宿迁）(

)

DA.

a;

an

B.

an;

the

C.

the;

a

D.

the;

the2.

He

is

going

to

buy________

useful

book.And

________

book

is

on

science.

(

)

CA.

a;

an

B.

an;

the

C.

a;

the

D.

the;

the3.

________

31st

Summer

Universiade（大运会）

is

________

big

event

for

Chengdu

in

2023.(

)

BA.

A;

an

B.

The;

a

C.

An;

the

D.

The;

an4.

Bob

is

my

brother.He

likes

playing

________

basketball,

but

he

doesn't

like

playing

________

piano.（2023·绥化）(

)

BA.

/;

an

B.

/;

the

C.

the;

/

D.

the;

a&3&

无冠词的情况用法例子1.泛指一类人或物Money

is

not

everything.（不可数名词）

钱不是万能的。Monkeys

are

clever.（复数名词）

猴子是聪明的。用法例子2.名词前有限定词时，无须再用冠词。常用限定词包括：指示代词（this，that，these，those）；形容词性物主代词（my，your，his，her，their，our）；其他词（some，any，no，every

…

）This

is

my

room.这是我的房间。Tony

is

my

best

friend.托尼是我最好的朋友。3.在年、星期、月份、季节、节日前in

2022,

on

Sunday,

in

January,

in

summer,

on

Children's

Day续表用法例子4.在语言、学科、三餐、球类运动、棋类运动前（三餐前有形容词修饰时，用不定冠词）They

have

breakfast

at

home

every

day.他们每天在家吃早餐。We

always

have

a

big

dinner

at

the

Spring

Festival.春节我们通常吃丰盛的晚餐。Simon

likes

playing

chess.西蒙喜欢下棋。续表用法例子5.与by连用的交通工具名称前Most

students

in

the

city

go

to

school

by

bus.=Most

students

in

the

city

go

to

school

on

the

bus.城里大部分学生乘公共汽车上学。6.专有名词（人名、地名等）前Peking

University,

Guangdong,

Mary续表7.在固定短语中：atfirst（最初）

athome（在家）

onfoot（步行）

intime（及时）

watchTV（看电视）

yearafteryear（一年又一年）

续表atnight（在晚上）

dayandnight（整日整夜）

gotobed（去睡觉）

ontime（按时）

bymistake（错误地）

atwork（上班）

atonce（马上）

gotoschool（去上学）

insight（看见）

learnbyheart（用心学）

1.有无定冠词的区别：at

table吃饭at

the

table在桌子旁in

hospital因病住院in

the

hospital在医院里（不一定是病人）in

front

of在前方（在指定范围之外）in

the

front

of在……前方（在指定范围之内）in

class在课堂上in

the

class在班上on

earth究竟on

the

earth在地球上2.a

number

of和the

number

of：

a

number

of

意为“许多，大量的”，后跟可数名词复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

the

number

of

意为“……的数量”，后跟可数名词复数形式，但作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。eg.A

number

of

books

are

on

sale

in

the

store.商店里有很多书在打折。The

number

of

the

books

is

2,000.

书的数量是两千本。小语篇训练——用适当的冠词填空，不需要的画“/”。

The

graduation

ceremony

is

over.

1.

.

number

of

students

attended

the

ceremony.We

will

leave

school

soon.I

feel

very

excited

because

I

am

one

of

2.

.

best

graduates（毕业生）.At

3.

.

same

time,

I

am

a

little

sad

because

I

have

to

say

goodbye

to

my

classmates

and

teachers.I

want

to

take

photos

with

them.In

4.

.

past

three

years,I

had

5.

.

good

time

in

No.1Middle

School.Our

teachers

taught

us

a

lot

in

6.

.

class.In

7.

.

future,

I

hope

I

could

be

8.

.

better

student.Athethethea/thea小语篇训练。

Yoro

was

the

son

of

a

couple

from

Gambia（冈比亚）.It's

.

.1.

.

small

country

in

West

Africa.Yoro

was

born

and

raised

in

the

US.He

seldom

did

exercise,

such

as

playing

.

.2.

.

basketball.But

he

developed

.

.3.

.

interest

in

the

Gambian

music.1.

(

)

A.

a

B.

an

C.

theA2.

(

)

A.

a

B.

the

C.

/C3.

(

)

A.

a

B.

an

C.

theB

One

day

Yoro

searched

for

some

information

about

Gambian

music.But

he

found

.

.4.

.

information

was

out

of

date.He

decided

to

do

a

real-life

record

to

improve

the

situation.He

flew

to

Gambia.Because

most

of

.

.5.

.

people

there

spoke

the

local

language,

Yoro

had

difficulty

communicating

with

them.He

asked

his

friends

for

help.It's

.

.6.

.

exciting

visit.4.

(

)

A.

a

B.

an

C.

theC5.

(

)

A.

a

B.

an

C.

theC6.

(

)

A.

a

B.

an

C.

theBThey

helped

Yoro

communicate

with

local

people,

interview

the

Gambian

music

singers

and

record

the

Gambian

music

songs.After

returning

home,

it

took

him

.

.7.

.

long

time

to

reorganize

his

record.Healso

wrote

some

comments（评论）

about

life

and

culture

in

Gambia.He

sent

them

online,

which

made

.

.8.

.

whole

world

pay

attention

to

the

Gambian

culture.Because

of

his

hard

work,

he

was

given

a

title

of

“Young

Journalist

of

the

Year”.7.

(

)

A.

a

B.

an

C.

theA8.

(

)

A.

a

B.

an

C.

theC（满分：25分）

你的得分：____一、语法选择。（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）

Jack

was

a

rich

young

man.One

day,

he

was

driving

his

shining

new

BMW

car

very

happily

down

a

street.Suddenly

from

his

car

came

.

.1.

.

terrible

sound.He

felt

surprised,

so

he

stopped

his

car

and

looked

around.1.

(

)

A.

the

B.

a

C.

anB课堂小测He

saw

a

child

standing

nearby

with

.

.2.

.

small

stones

in

his

hand.He

jumped

.

.3.

.

the

car

and

found

a

dent（凹痕）

in

the

door.He

was

so

angry

that

he

caught

the

boy

and

shouted

at

him,“Who

are

you?

Why

did

you

throw

a

stone

at

my

new

car？”2.

(

)

A.

few

B.

a

few

C.

littleB3.

(

)

A.

on

B.

into

C.

out

ofC4.

(

)

A.

which

B.

how

C.

whatC

“Please,

sir,

please

…

I

am

sorry!

But

I

didn't

know

.

.4.

.

else

to

do，”said

the

child.“I

threw

the

stone

because

I

wanted

you

.

.5.

.

me.I

need

your

help！”

Tears

were

running

on

the

.

.6.

.

face.He

said,

“My

brother

fell

out

of

his

wheelchair

and

was

almost

under

it.He

was

hurt

but

I

can

do

nothing

.

.7.

.

he

is

too

heavy

for

me.Could

you

give

me

a

hand

to

get

him

back

into

his

wheelchair？”5.

(

)

A.

noticing

B.

to

notice

C.

noticeB6.

(

)

A.

child's

B.

childs'

C.

child'A7.

(

)

A.

though

B.

when

C.

becauseC

After

hearing

this,

Jack

.

.8.

.

and

hurried

to

help

him.He

lifted

the

child's

brother

gently

back

into

his

wheelchair.He

looked

over

the

boy

.

.9.

.

to

make

sure

that

he

was

OK.Then

he

watched

the

child

push

his

brother

towards

.

.10.

.

home.Suddenly

the

child

turned

around

and

bowed（鞠躬）

to

him.Jack

felt

pleased.He

looked

at

the

dent

in

his

car

and

smiled.8.

(

)

A.

was

moved

B.

moved

C.

is

movedA9.

(

)

A.

care

B.

careful

C.

carefullyC10.

(

)

A.

their

B.

theirs

C.

theyA二、短文填空。（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）（2023·广州育才中学二模改编）

请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。

Su

Shi

is

one

of

the

most

popular

ancient

writers.He

was

11.

.

at

almost

all

kinds

of

writings

and

art.When

he

was

young,

he

12.

.

a

series

of

exams

and

then

became

an

official（官员）.Sadly,

Su

was

punished

to

serve

in

faraway

areas.But

he

still

faced

his

hard

life

13.

..goodpassedbravelyin

although

brave

realize

dish

language

try

poem

why

pass

good

a

First,

he

went

to

Huangzhou.There,

he

14.

.

his

best

to

experience

life

in

the

countryside.

15.

.

life

was

hard,

he

had

a

good

time.He

farmed

a

piec