男人与女人在老挝的社会地位

男人与女人在老挝的社会地位Women'ssocialpositionisnotashighasweexpect

Freepowerpointtemplate:2AswithmanyAsiancultures,thepositionofwomeniscomplexandnotalwaysasitseems.Ontheonehand,womencarryagreatresponsibilityinthefamilywithlittlerecognitionfrommen.TheinferiorpositionofLaowomenisdeeplyentrenchedinBuddhisttraditionandisperceivedasnaturalbythegreatmajorityofLaowomen.Women’ssocialpositionisseenassecondarytomenForthewomenofLaosrolesandstatusvarysignificantlydependingontheirethnicity,butit’sfairtosaythatwhatevergrouptheycomefromtheyareseenassecondarytomen.AsyoutravelaroundLaostheevidenceisoverwhelming.Whilemen’sworkisundoubtedlyhard,womenalwaysseemtobeworkingharder,forlonger,withfarlesstimeforrelaxingandsocializing.Freepowerpointtemplate:3Womenhavetodoallthehousework

Likesomanycountrieswherepovertyisprevalent,thewomenbearthebruntoftheburden.WomendotheLaosshareofallwork,notjustinthehome,butinthefields,themarkets,theshopsandrestaurants.VisitLaosandyoucan’tfailtobestruckbyhowhardthewomenareworking,whereasmenseemalmostinvisible.Freepowerpointtemplate:4MenandwomenhavedifferentstatusinLaosMenhavestatusbecausetheyoccupykeypositionsinthepublicrealm（领域）.Womenhaverelativelyhighstandingintheprivateandcivicrealms.Freepowerpointtemplate:5MenandwomenhavedifferentstatusinLaosWhilemenareconsideredculturallysuperiorbecauseoftheirabilitytobecomemonks（僧侣）thisstatusisaffectedbysocialclass.Freepowerpointtemplate:6UnfairEducation

Thatwomenreceivelesseducationandhavefeweropportunitiesisunsurprising.Women’sliteracyisjust54%comparedto77%inmen;girlsinruralareasleaveschoolafter,onaverage,justtwoyears.Freepowerpointtemplate:7UnfairEducation

Onanothernoteitisunfortunatethatthesewomenarenotgiventheopportunitytoeducatethemselvesorevenlearn/haveaccesstopreventablemeasuresofhavingchildrenandsafesex.Freepowerpointtemplate:8UnfairEducation

ChildrenataMine/UXORiskEducationsessiongivenbyMAGinLaos.Mostofstudentsareboys!Freepowerpointtemplate:9ThecitizenshiprightsWomenweregivenfullcitizenshiprightsin1957whentheyreceivedtherighttovote,tenyearsaftermenattainedthatright.

Freepowerpointtemplate:10GenderdiscriminationButthatdoesnotpreventtheLaoswomenfromfacinggenderdiscrimination（性别歧视）inmanyareas,especiallyinhouseholdsandinurbanemployment.Freepowerpointtemplate:11Workposition

womenarerelativelypoorlyrepresentedingovernmentandotherseniorpositions;andalthoughtheymakeupmorethanhalftheworkforce,payisoftenlowerthanmaleequivalents.Freepowerpointtemplate:12PolicyandrealityTheLaoconstitutionacknowledgesthefullequalityofwomenbutthereisstillalargegapbetweenpolicyandreality.Freepowerpointtemplate:13UnfairmarriageIfaLaowomandivorces,nomatterhowfairherreasons,it’sverydifficultforhertofindanotherhusbandunlessheisolderorforeign.Freepowerpointtemplate:14InheritanceLaowomengainlimitedbenefitsfrombilateral（双方的）inheritancepatternwherebybothwomenandmencaninherit（继承）landandbusinessownership.Becausewomendoesnotobtaindirectcontroloverthelandorbusiness,herhusbandwillhavethefinalsayonmostmajordecisions.Freepowerpointtemplate:15Simpleanalysis

Freepowerpointtemplate:16Socialtradition

Amongpatrilineal（父系的）groupssuchastheHmong,womenhavelessinfluencesociallyandculturally;amongthematrilinealgroupsinthesouth,suchastheLaos,theyhaverelativelyhighstatus.Asthesegroupsareresettled,however,thatstatusrapidlycollapses（倒塌）.

Freepowerpointtemplate:17Religion

Thisfitswiththeculturalbeliefsassociated（联合的）withLa