客家传统聚落景观基因识别及其地学视角的解析

客家传统聚落景观基因识别及其地学视角的解析一、本文概述Overviewofthisarticle客家传统聚落作为中华文化的重要组成部分，承载着深厚的历史文化底蕴和独特的地域特色。本文旨在从地学的视角出发，对客家传统聚落景观基因进行深入识别与解析，以揭示其背后的地理、生态、人文等多重因素的作用机制。通过对客家聚落的景观基因进行系统研究，我们不仅可以更好地理解客家人的生活方式、文化传统和聚居模式，还能为当前的城市规划、文化遗产保护以及乡村旅游开发提供有益的参考和借鉴。本文首先对客家传统聚落景观基因的概念进行界定，明确研究范围与对象；接着从地理环境、自然资源、社会文化等多个方面对客家聚落的景观基因进行梳理与分析；结合具体案例，深入探讨客家传统聚落景观基因的识别方法及其地学视角下的解析路径。本文期望通过这一综合性的研究，为客家传统文化的传承与发展贡献一份力量。Hakkatraditionalsettlements,asanimportantcomponentofChineseculture,carryprofoundhistoricalandculturalheritageanduniqueregionalcharacteristics.ThisarticleaimstodeeplyidentifyandanalyzethelandscapegenesofHakkatraditionalsettlementsfromageologicalperspective,inordertorevealtheunderlyingmechanismsofmultiplefactorssuchasgeography,ecology,andculture.BysystematicallystudyingthelandscapegenesofHakkasettlements,wecannotonlybetterunderstandtheirlifestyle,culturaltraditions,andsettlementpatterns,butalsoprovideusefulreferenceandinspirationforcurrenturbanplanning,culturalheritageprotection,andruraltourismdevelopment.ThisarticlefirstdefinestheconceptoflandscapegenesintraditionalHakkasettlements,clarifiestheresearchscopeandobjects;Then,frommultipleaspectssuchasgeographicalenvironment,naturalresources,andsocialculture,thelandscapegenesofHakkasettlementsaresortedandanalyzed;Basedonspecificcases,thisstudydelvesintotheidentificationmethodsoflandscapegenesintraditionalHakkasettlementsandtheiranalyticalpathsfromageographicalperspective.ThisarticleaimstocontributetotheinheritanceanddevelopmentofHakkatraditionalculturethroughthiscomprehensiveresearch.二、客家传统聚落景观基因的内涵与特征TheconnotationandcharacteristicsoflandscapegenesintraditionalHakkasettlements客家传统聚落景观基因是客家文化在长期历史发展过程中，通过自然环境和社会文化的共同作用，形成并传承下来的独特文化元素和空间形态。这些基因不仅体现了客家人的生活方式、审美观念和社会结构，也反映了他们与自然环境之间的和谐共生关系。ThelandscapegenesofHakkatraditionalsettlementsareuniqueculturalelementsandspatialformsthathavebeenformedandpasseddownthroughthejointactionofnaturalenvironmentandsocialcultureinthelong-termhistoricaldevelopmentofHakkaculture.Thesegenesnotonlyreflectthelifestyle,aestheticconcepts,andsocialstructureofHakkapeople,butalsoreflecttheirharmonioussymbioticrelationshipwiththenaturalenvironment.客家传统聚落景观基因的内涵丰富多样。客家人在迁移和定居过程中，根据地形地貌、气候条件、资源分布等自然环境因素，创造了适应性强、功能齐全的聚落景观。例如，在山地环境中，客家人巧妙地利用地形，建造了层层叠叠的梯田和错落有致的村落，形成了独特的山地聚落景观。而在平原地区，客家人则通过开挖池塘、修建水渠等方式，形成了水乡聚落景观。这些景观不仅具有实用功能，还体现了客家人的智慧和创造力。TheconnotationofHakkatraditionalsettlementlandscapegenesisrichanddiverse.Duringtheprocessofmigrationandsettlement,Hakkapeoplehavecreatedsettlementlandscapeswithstrongadaptabilityandcompletefunctionsbasedonnaturalenvironmentalfactorssuchasterrain,climateconditions,andresourcedistribution.Forexample,inmountainousenvironments,Hakkapeoplecleverlyutilizetheterraintobuildlayersofterracedfieldsandwellarrangedvillages,formingauniquemountainsettlementlandscape.Inplainareas,Hakkapeoplehaveformedawatertownsettlementlandscapebyexcavatingponds,constructingwaterchannels,andothermethods.Theselandscapesnotonlyhavepracticalfunctions,butalsoreflectthewisdomandcreativityofHakkapeople.客家传统聚落景观基因具有鲜明的地域性特征。由于客家人分布广泛，不同地区的客家人面临着不同的自然环境和社会条件，因此他们的聚落景观也呈现出多样化的地域特色。例如，在福建、广东等地区的客家聚落中，我们可以看到红砖楼、土楼等独特的建筑形式，这些建筑形式不仅适应了当地的气候条件，还体现了客家人的防御意识和族群认同感。而在江西、湖南等地区的客家聚落中，则可以看到更多的木构建筑和青石铺就的街道，这些元素共同构成了当地独特的聚落景观。ThelandscapegenesofHakkatraditionalsettlementshavedistinctregionalcharacteristics.DuetothewidedistributionofHakkapeople,theyfacedifferentnaturalenvironmentsandsocialconditionsindifferentregions,resultingindiverseregionalcharacteristicsintheirsettlementlandscapes.Forexample,inHakkasettlementsinFujian,Guangdongandotherregions,wecanseeuniquearchitecturalformssuchasredbrickbuildingsandearthenbuildings.Thesearchitecturalformsnotonlyadapttothelocalclimateconditions,butalsoreflectthedefensiveawarenessandethnicidentityofHakkapeople.InHakkasettlementsinJiangxi,Hunanandotherregions,morewoodenbuildingsandbluestonepavedstreetscanbeseen,whichtogetherconstitutetheuniquelocalsettlementlandscape.客家传统聚落景观基因还具有深厚的历史文化价值。客家人作为一个有着悠久历史的民族群体，在长期的迁移和定居过程中积累了丰富的历史文化资源。这些资源不仅体现在客家人的语言、习俗、信仰等方面，也深刻地烙印在他们的聚落景观中。例如，许多客家聚落中都有祠堂、庙宇等公共建筑，这些建筑不仅是客家人宗教信仰和社会活动的场所，也是他们传承历史文化的重要载体。通过对这些景观基因的研究和分析，我们可以更深入地了解客家人的历史和文化传统，为保护和传承这些宝贵的文化遗产提供有力的支撑。ThelandscapegenesofHakkatraditionalsettlementsalsohaveprofoundhistoricalandculturalvalue.TheHakkapeople,asaethnicgroupwithalonghistory,haveaccumulatedrichhistoricalandculturalresourcesthroughlong-termmigrationandsettlement.Theseresourcesarenotonlyreflectedinthelanguage,customs,beliefs,andotheraspectsoftheHakkapeople,butalsodeeplyimprintedintheirsettlementlandscapes.Forexample,manyHakkasettlementshavepublicbuildingssuchasancestralhallsandtemples,whicharenotonlyplacesforHakkapeople'sreligiousbeliefsandsocialactivities,butalsoimportantcarriersfortheirinheritanceofhistoricalandculturalheritage.Bystudyingandanalyzingtheselandscapegenes,wecangainadeeperunderstandingofthehistoryandculturaltraditionsoftheHakkapeople,providingstrongsupportfortheprotectionandinheritanceofthesepreciousculturalheritage.客家传统聚落景观基因具有丰富多样的内涵和鲜明的地域性特征，同时承载着深厚的历史文化价值。这些基因不仅是客家人独特文化的重要组成部分，也是他们与自然环境和谐共生的生动体现。因此，在保护和传承客家传统聚落景观的过程中，我们应充分认识和尊重这些基因的内涵和特征，采取科学有效的方法和措施，确保它们能够得以延续和发展。ThelandscapegenesofHakkatraditionalsettlementshaverichanddiverseconnotationsanddistinctregionalcharacteristics,whilecarryingprofoundhistoricalandculturalvalues.ThesegenesarenotonlyanimportantcomponentoftheuniquecultureoftheHakkapeople,butalsoavividreflectionoftheirharmoniouscoexistencewiththenaturalenvironment.Therefore,intheprocessofprotectingandinheritingthetraditionalHakkasettlementlandscape,weshouldfullyunderstandandrespecttheconnotationsandcharacteristicsofthesegenes,adoptscientificandeffectivemethodsandmeasures,andensurethattheycancontinueanddevelop.三、地学视角在客家传统聚落景观基因识别中的应用ApplicationofGeosciencePerspectiveinGeneticIdentificationofHakkaTraditionalSettlementLandscape客家传统聚落景观是中华民族多元一体文化的重要组成部分，其形成和发展深受地理环境的影响。地学视角为客家传统聚落景观基因识别提供了独特的视角和方法，有助于深入理解客家聚落的形态特征、空间布局和文化内涵。ThelandscapeofHakkatraditionalsettlementsisanimportantcomponentofthediverseandintegratedcultureoftheChinesenation,anditsformationanddevelopmentaredeeplyinfluencedbythegeographicalenvironment.ThegeologicalperspectiveprovidesauniqueperspectiveandmethodforidentifyingthelandscapegenesoftraditionalHakkasettlements,whichhelpstodeeplyunderstandthemorphologicalcharacteristics,spatiallayout,andculturalconnotationsofHakkasettlements.在地学视角下，客家传统聚落景观基因的识别首先关注地理环境对聚落选址的影响。客家人多聚居于山地、丘陵等地理环境复杂的地区，这些地区的自然地理条件如地形、气候、水文等都对聚落的选址和布局产生了深远影响。例如，许多客家聚落都选择依山傍水而建，利用地形优势形成独特的防御体系和生活空间。Fromageologicalperspective,theidentificationoflandscapegenesintraditionalHakkasettlementsfirstfocusesontheimpactofgeographicalenvironmentonsettlementsiteselection.Hakkapeoplemostlyliveinmountainousandhillyareaswithcomplexgeographicalenvironments,andthenaturalgeographicalconditionsoftheseareassuchasterrain,climate,hydrology,etc.haveaprofoundimpactonthesiteselectionandlayoutofsettlements.Forexample,manyHakkasettlementschoosetobebuiltalongmountainsandrivers,utilizingtheadvantagesofterraintoformauniquedefensesystemandlivingspace.地学视角还关注地理环境对聚落景观形成的影响。客家聚落的建筑风格、空间布局、景观元素等都与当地的自然环境密切相关。例如，客家土楼作为典型的客家建筑形式，其独特的建筑风格和空间布局就是在长期适应山地环境的过程中形成的。土楼采用厚重坚实的墙体和圆形或方形的平面布局，既有利于抵御风雨侵蚀和外来侵扰，又充分利用了土地资源，体现了客家人与自然环境和谐共生的理念。Thegeologicalperspectivealsofocusesontheimpactofgeographicalenvironmentontheformationofsettlementlandscapes.Thearchitecturalstyle,spatiallayout,andlandscapeelementsofHakkasettlementsarecloselyrelatedtothelocalnaturalenvironment.Forexample,asatypicalformofHakkaarchitecture,theuniquearchitecturalstyleandspatiallayoutofHakkaearthenbuildingsareformedthroughlong-termadaptationtomountainousenvironments.Tulouadoptsthickandsolidwallsandacircularorsquarelayout,whichisnotonlyconducivetoresistingwindandrainerosionandexternaldisturbances,butalsofullyutilizeslandresources,reflectingtheconceptofharmoniouscoexistencebetweenHakkapeopleandthenaturalenvironment.地学视角还强调地理环境对客家传统聚落景观演化的影响。随着自然环境的变化和社会经济的发展，客家聚落的景观也在不断地演化。例如，随着交通条件的改善和现代化进程的推进，一些客家聚落开始逐渐融入城市或城镇体系，其景观特征也发生了相应的变化。这些变化不仅反映了客家聚落对外部环境的适应和调整能力，也体现了客家文化的传承和创新。ThegeologicalperspectivealsoemphasizestheinfluenceofgeographicalenvironmentontheevolutionoftraditionalHakkasettlementlandscapes.Withthechangesinnaturalenvironmentandthedevelopmentofsocialeconomy,thelandscapeofHakkasettlementsisalsoconstantlyevolving.Forexample,withtheimprovementoftransportationconditionsandtheadvancementofmodernization,someHakkasettlementshavegraduallyintegratedintourbanorurbansystems,andtheirlandscapecharacteristicshavealsoundergonecorrespondingchanges.ThesechangesnotonlyreflecttheadaptabilityandadjustmentabilityofHakkasettlementstotheexternalenvironment,butalsoreflecttheinheritanceandinnovationofHakkaculture.地学视角在客家传统聚落景观基因识别中具有重要作用。通过深入分析地理环境对客家聚落选址、景观形成和演化的影响，我们可以更加全面地理解客家传统聚落景观的基因特征和文化内涵，为保护和传承客家文化提供科学依据。ThegeologicalperspectiveplaysanimportantroleintheidentificationoflandscapegenesintraditionalHakkasettlements.Bydeeplyanalyzingtheimpactofgeographicalenvironmentonthesiteselection,landscapeformation,andevolutionofHakkasettlements,wecanhaveamorecomprehensiveunderstandingofthegeneticcharacteristicsandculturalconnotationsofHakkatraditionalsettlementlandscapes,providingscientificbasisforprotectingandinheritingHakkaculture.四、客家传统聚落景观基因的空间分布规律ThespatialdistributionpatternoflandscapegenesintraditionalHakkasettlements客家传统聚落作为特定历史、文化和社会背景下的产物，其景观基因的空间分布规律不仅反映了客家人的生活方式、社会结构和文化观念，也体现了地理环境对聚落形态的影响。从地学视角来看，客家传统聚落景观基因的空间分布规律主要受到地形、气候、水文等自然地理因素以及历史迁移、经济发展等人文因素的共同影响。Asaproductofspecifichistorical,cultural,andsocialbackgrounds,thespatialdistributionpatternoflandscapegenesinHakkatraditionalsettlementsnotonlyreflectsthelifestyle,socialstructure,andculturalconceptsofHakkapeople,butalsoreflectstheinfluenceofgeographicalenvironmentonsettlementmorphology.Fromageologicalperspective,thespatialdistributionpatternoflandscapegenesintraditionalHakkasettlementsismainlyinfluencedbynaturalgeographicalfactorssuchasterrain,climate,hydrology,aswellashumanfactorssuchashistoricalmigrationandeconomicdevelopment.在地形方面，客家传统聚落多分布在山地和丘陵地带。这些地区地形复杂，交通相对不便，有利于聚落的相对独立发展和文化特色的保持。同时，山地和丘陵地带的气候条件也为客家人的生活和农业生产提供了适宜的环境。例如，在福建、广东等地的客家山区，聚落多呈带状或点状分布，沿山脊或河谷延伸，形成了独特的空间格局。Intermsofterrain,traditionalHakkasettlementsaremostlydistributedinmountainousandhillyareas.Theseareashavecomplexterrainandrelativelyinconvenienttransportation,whichisconducivetotherelativelyindependentdevelopmentofsettlementsandthepreservationofculturalcharacteristics.Atthesametime,theclimateconditionsinmountainousandhillyareasalsoprovideasuitableenvironmentforthelifeandagriculturalproductionofHakkapeople.Forexample,intheHakkamountainousareasofFujian,Guangdong,andotherplaces,settlementsaremostlydistributedinastriporpointshape,extendingalongridgesorvalleys,formingauniquespatialpattern.在水文方面，水源是聚落生存和发展的基础。客家传统聚落多选择在水源丰富、交通便利的河流沿岸或溪谷地带建立。这些地区不仅水资源丰富，有利于农业灌溉和生活用水，而且交通便利，有利于与外界的交流和联系。例如，在江西赣州地区，许多客家聚落都分布在章江、贡江等河流的沿岸，形成了“水系-聚落”的空间结构。Intermsofhydrology,watersourcesarethefoundationforthesurvivalanddevelopmentofsettlements.Hakkatraditionalsettlementsoftenchoosetobeestablishedalongriversorvalleyswithabundantwatersourcesandconvenienttransportation.Theseregionsnotonlyhaveabundantwaterresources,whichareconducivetoagriculturalirrigationanddomesticwateruse,butalsohaveconvenienttransportation,whichisconducivetocommunicationandconnectionwiththeoutsideworld.Forexample,intheGanzhouareaofJiangxi,manyHakkasettlementsaredistributedalongthebanksofriverssuchastheZhangjiangandGongjiang,formingaspatialstructureof"watersystemsettlement".在历史迁移方面，客家人的迁移历程对其传统聚落景观基因的空间分布产生了深远的影响。客家人从中原地区迁移到南方山区，经历了多次迁徙和定居的过程。在这个过程中，他们根据自己的生活需要和文化传统，选择适合的地点建立聚落。这些聚落多呈团块状或带状分布，形成了独特的空间形态。同时，随着历史的演进和人口的增长，客家聚落也不断发展和扩张，形成了不同规模的聚落群。Intermsofhistoricalmigration,themigrationprocessofHakkapeoplehashadaprofoundimpactonthespatialdistributionoftheirtraditionalsettlementlandscapegenes.TheHakkapeoplemigratedfromtheCentralPlainsregiontothesouthernmountainousareasandwentthroughmultipleprocessesofmigrationandsettlement.Inthisprocess,theychoosesuitablelocationstoestablishsettlementsbasedontheirownlivingneedsandculturaltraditions.Thesesettlementsaremostlydistributedinclustersorbands,formingauniquespatialform.Meanwhile,withtheevolutionofhistoryandpopulationgrowth,Hakkasettlementshavealsocontinuedtodevelopandexpand,formingclustersofdifferentsizes.在经济发展方面，客家传统聚落景观基因的空间分布也受到经济活动的深刻影响。在农业生产为主导的社会背景下，客家聚落多分布在土地肥沃、气候适宜的农业生产区。这些地区不仅有利于农业生产的发展，也为聚落的繁荣提供了物质基础。随着现代社会的发展和经济结构的转型，客家聚落的经济活动也发生了变化。一些传统农业聚落逐渐向旅游、文化等方向发展，形成了新的空间分布特征。Intermsofeconomicdevelopment,thespatialdistributionoflandscapegenesintraditionalHakkasettlementsisalsodeeplyinfluencedbyeconomicactivities.Inasocietydominatedbyagriculturalproduction,Hakkasettlementsaremostlydistributedinagriculturalproductionareaswithfertilelandandsuitableclimate.Theseregionsarenotonlyconducivetothedevelopmentofagriculturalproduction,butalsoprovideamaterialfoundationfortheprosperityofsettlements.Withthedevelopmentofmodernsocietyandthetransformationofeconomicstructure,theeconomicactivitiesofHakkasettlementshavealsoundergonechanges.Sometraditionalagriculturalsettlementsaregraduallydevelopingtowardstourism,culture,andotherdirections,formingnewspatialdistributioncharacteristics.客家传统聚落景观基因的空间分布规律是多种因素共同作用的结果。从地学视角来看，自然地理因素如地形、气候、水文等是影响客家聚落空间分布的基础条件；而人文因素如历史迁移、经济发展等则在一定程度上塑造了客家聚落的形态和特征。在未来的研究中，应进一步深入探讨这些因素对客家传统聚落景观基因空间分布的影响机制和演变规律，为保护和传承客家传统文化提供科学依据。ThespatialdistributionpatternoflandscapegenesintraditionalHakkasettlementsistheresultofmultiplefactorsworkingtogether.Fromageologicalperspective,naturalgeographicalfactorssuchasterrain,climate,hydrology,etc.arethefundamentalconditionsthataffectthespatialdistributionofHakkasettlements;CulturalfactorssuchashistoricalmigrationandeconomicdevelopmenthavetosomeextentshapedtheformandcharacteristicsofHakkasettlements.Infutureresearch,itisnecessarytofurtherexploretheimpactmechanismandevolutionlawofthesefactorsonthespatialdistributionoflandscapegenesintraditionalHakkasettlements,inordertoprovidescientificbasisforprotectingandinheritingHakkatraditionalculture.五、客家传统聚落景观基因的保护与传承ProtectionandinheritanceoflandscapegenesintraditionalHakkasettlements随着现代化进程的加快，许多传统的客家聚落面临着消失的危险。保护和传承客家传统聚落景观基因，对于维护文化多样性和生态平衡具有重要意义。本文将从地学视角出发，探讨客家传统聚落景观基因的保护与传承策略。Withtheaccelerationofmodernization,manytraditionalHakkasettlementsarefacingthedangerofdisappearing.ProtectingandinheritingthelandscapegenesofHakkatraditionalsettlementsisofgreatsignificanceformaintainingculturaldiversityandecologicalbalance.ThisarticlewillexploretheprotectionandinheritancestrategiesofHakkatraditionalsettlementlandscapegenesfromageologicalperspective.需要建立健全的保护机制。政府应出台相关政策，将客家传统聚落列为重点保护对象，并设立专项资金用于维护和修复。同时，加强法规宣传，提高公众对传统聚落价值的认识，形成全社会共同参与的保护氛围。Weneedtoestablishasoundprotectionmechanism.ThegovernmentshouldintroducerelevantpoliciestoprioritizetheprotectionofHakkatraditionalsettlementsandestablishspecialfundsformaintenanceandrestoration.Atthesametime,strengthenthepromotionofregulations,enhancepublicawarenessofthevalueoftraditionalsettlements,andformaprotectiveatmospherewiththeparticipationofthewholesociety.实施科学规划与管理。在城镇化进程中，应合理规划客家聚落的发展布局，避免无序扩张和破坏性开发。通过科学的管理手段，确保传统聚落的原貌和特色得以完整保留。Implementscientificplanningandmanagement.Intheprocessofurbanization,thedevelopmentlayoutofHakkasettlementsshouldbereasonablyplannedtoavoiddisorderlyexpansionanddestructivedevelopment.Throughscientificmanagementmethods,ensurethattheoriginalappearanceandcharacteristicsoftraditionalsettlementsarefullypreserved.强化技术支撑。运用现代科技手段，如无人机、遥感技术等，对客家传统聚落进行动态监测，及时发现并处理潜在的风险。同时，加强传统建筑技艺的研究与传承，为聚落的修复和维护提供技术支持。Strengthentechnicalsupport.Byutilizingmoderntechnologicalmeanssuchasdronesandremotesensingtechnology,dynamicmonitoringoftraditionalHakkasettlementscanbecarriedouttopromptlyidentifyandaddresspotentialrisks.Atthesametime,strengthentheresearchandinheritanceoftraditionalarchitecturaltechniques,andprovidetechnicalsupportfortherestorationandmaintenanceofsettlements.在传承方面，应注重教育和培养。通过在学校开设相关课程、举办培训班等方式，向年轻一代传授客家传统聚落的历史文化知识和建筑技艺。同时，鼓励年轻人参与到聚落的保护和开发中，让他们在实践中体验和传承传统文化。Intermsofinheritance,emphasisshouldbeplacedoneducationandcultivation.Byofferingrelevantcoursesandtrainingcoursesinschools,weaimtoimpartthehistoricalandculturalknowledgeandarchitecturalskillsofHakkatraditionalsettlementstotheyoungergeneration.Atthesametime,encourageyoungpeopletoparticipateintheprotectionanddevelopmentofsettlements,allowingthemtoexperienceandinherittraditionalcultureinpractice.加强对外交流与合作。与国内外相关机构和研究人员开展合作，共同推动客家传统聚落景观基因的研究和传承。通过举办展览、论坛等活动，向外界展示客家文化的独特魅力，吸引更多人关注和参与到保护和传承中来。Strengthenexternalexchangesandcooperation.CollaboratewithrelevantinstitutionsandresearchersathomeandabroadtojointlypromotetheresearchandinheritanceoflandscapegenesinHakkatraditionalsettlements.Byorganizingexhibitions,forums,andotheractivities,weaimtoshowcasetheuniquecharmofHakkaculturetotheoutsideworld,attractingmoreattentionandparticipationintheprotectionandinheritanceofHakkaculture.保护和传承客家传统聚落景观基因是一项长期而艰巨的任务。我们需要从地学视角出发，综合考虑自然环境、社会文化等多方面因素，制定科学合理的保护和传承策略。只有这样，才能让客家传统聚落景观基因在新的时代背景下焕发出新的生机与活力。ProtectingandinheritingthelandscapegenesofHakkatraditionalsettlementsisalong-termandarduoustask.Weneedtostartfromageologicalperspective,comprehensivelyconsidervariousfactorssuchasnaturalenvironmentandsocialculture,andformulatescientificandreasonableprotectionandinheritancestrategies.OnlyinthiswaycanthelandscapegenesofHakkatraditionalsettlementsberevitalizedandrevitalizedinthenewera.六、结论与展望ConclusionandOutlook本文深入探讨了客家传统聚落景观基因的识别及其地学视角的解析，通过对客家聚落的深入研究，揭示了其独特的景观基因及其形成机制。这些研究成果不仅丰富了我们对传统聚落景观的理解，也为未来的聚落保护和规划提供了重要参考。ThisarticledelvesintotheidentificationoflandscapegenesintraditionalHakkasettlementsanditsanalysisfromageographicalperspective.Throughin-depthresearchonHakkasettlements,itrevealstheiruniquelandscapegenesandtheirformationmechanisms.Theseresearchresultsnotonlyenrichourunderstandingoftraditionalsettlementlandscapes,butalsoprovideimportantreferencesfor