浙江省丽水市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题（含答案解析）

丽水市2023学年第一学期普通高中教学质量监控高一英语试题卷2024.01本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)。第I卷1至8页,第II卷9至10页。第Ⅰ卷注意事项:1.答第I卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卷上。2.选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上,否则无效。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemandoing?A.Complaining. B.Givingsuggestions. C.Askingadvice.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Ialwaysgetsleepyaround2:00p.m.Howdoyouremainsoenergeticafterlunch?M:Ialwayshaveacupofcoffee.ButI’veheardabitofexerciseanddrinkingplentyofwatercanfixthatproblem,too.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhereisMr.Smithnow?A.InParis. B.InLondon. C.InNewYork.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Hello.ThisisJackspeaking.MayIspeaktoMr.Smith,please?W:I’msorry.HeisonholidayinNewYorkthisweek.AndheisgoingtoParisnextweek.HewillbebackinLondonattheendofthismonth.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmanybooksdidthemanborrow?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Didyoureturnthosebookstothelibrarytoday?M:Itookasciencebookandahistorybook,butIhaven’tfinishedreadingthehistorybook.W:Don’tforgettotakeitbackwhenyou’vefinished.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherboss?A.Boring. B.Kind. C.Rude.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:I’mboredwithmyjob,butmybossisnice.Ican’tdecideifIshouldleaveornot.M:Maybeyoushouldlookforsomethingmoreinteresting5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Readinganewspaper.B.Settingupabankaccount.C.Spreadingthemessageonsocialmedia.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Ineedmorecustomersformybusiness.ButIdon’tknowwhethertospreadthemessageinthenewspaperorontheradio.W:Youneedtousesocialmedia!Nobodyreadsnewspapersanymore.Icanhelpyousetupanaccount.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatisthewomanpayingfor?A.Drinks. B.Food. C.Clothes.7.Howdoesthemanusuallypayforthings?A.Bycash. B.Bycard. C.Byphone.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】M:Howmuchfortheteaandcoffee?W:It’sOK.Iwillpay.M:Oh,you’repayingwithyourphone.That’sclever.W:Yes,food,drink,clothes…inChina,manypeoplepaywiththeirphonesthesedays.Lessandlesscashisbeingused.M:Don’tyouusecards?That’swhatwedointheWest.W:Notsooften.Payingwithaphoneisveryconvenient.M:Ifyoucanaffordaphone—andifyourphoneisworking.W:Ifnot,wecanalwaysusecash听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthemanwanttobe?A.Awriter. B.Amusician. C.Apainter.9.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Seeadoctor. B.Followhisheart. C.Talkwithfamilymembers.【答案】8.C9.C【解析】【原文】W:Doyouthinkthatisawisechoice?M:It’swhatIwanttodo,Mom.IfIamgoingtodoajoballmylife,IwantittobeoneIlove.W:Butitisveryhardtoearnagoodlivingasapainter.M:Evenifyouaregood?W:Painters,musicians,writers...manyofthemstruggletosurvive.M:AtleastIwouldbehappy.W:Butyourbrotherishappyworkingatthebank.Bothyoursistersarehappyasdoctors.Askthemaboutit.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Wheredidthemangethishat?A.FromRussia. B.FromKorea. C.FromJapan.11.Howdoesthewomanfeel?A.Cold. B.Pleased. C.Tired.12.WhatdoweknowaboutLiz’strip?A.Shefounditexciting.B.Shewentmainlyonbusiness.C.Shehadnotimeforsightseeing.【答案】10.A11.A12.B【解析】【原文】M:HiMargaret.W:HiFrank,Ilikeyourhat.M:Yes,Igetalotofcommentsaboutit.EveryonewearstheminRussia.W:It’sjustthethingforthistypeofweather.Ican’tfeelmyhandstoday.DidLizbringitbackforyou?M:Yes,sheboughtoneforherselfaswell.She’sreallypleasedwithit.W:Didsheenjoyhertrip?M:Well,itwasmostlybusinessbutshedidgettoseeafewsightsontheway.ShestoppedoverinJapanandKoreaaswell.W:Wow—she’sarealjet-setter.M:Isaidthat,butshefoundthetripverytiring.Shewasgladtogetbackhome.W:Icanunderstandthat.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatdoesthewomanthinkisthebiggestissueforyoungpeoplenow?A.Therisksofdruguse.B.Thedangersofviolentcrime.C.Theincreasingpressureonthem.14.Whatdothespeakersrecommendeveryonetodo?A.Organizeacommunitymeeting.B.Writeane-mailtotheirteachers.C.Knowmoreinformationabouttheirprograms.15.Whydidthewomanfirstgetintohercareer?A.Fromtheman’sadvice.B.Duetoissuesthatherdaughterhad.C.Becauseofasuggestionfromherteacher.16.Wheredothespeakersprobablywork?A.Atadoctor’soffice. B.Ataschool. C.Atafactory.【答案】13.C14.C15.B16.A【解析】【原文】W:I’mDr.Petersen,andthisisDr.Thompson.We’rehappytobetoday’sguestspeakersattheTinham’sSchoolforGirls.M:Dr.PetersenandIworkwithyoungwomenlikeyoubyofferingsupportandadvice.W:Forpreviousgenerations,thereweremanyissueswithcrimeanddrugs.Butnow,althoughsocietyissafer,there’smuchmorepressureforyoungpeople.M:Especiallygirls.Judgingothers’physicalappearanceonlineisverycommon.We’vefoundthatthesepressureshaveledtodecreasedconfidenceandissueswitheating.W:That’sright.Someregionalstudiesshowthataround8%ofgirlshaveeatingissuesduetothefearofgainingweight.That’swhywe’reheretohelp.M:So,weencourageeveryonetoreceiveoure-mailnewslettersaboutnewprograms.Plus,foranyonecurrentlyneedinghelp,wewillsupportyou.W:Isawmyowndaughtergothroughtheseproblems,andthenIgavetherestofmylifetohelpyounggirls.Atourdoctor’soffice,weprovidefreeplansforhealth,diet,andexercise,aswellascommunitymeetings.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhatarepassengersforFlight582doing?A.Gettingontheplane.B.Waitingforanarrival.C.Checkingintheirluggage.18.WhichboardinggateshouldpassengersforFlight644goto?A.E-3. B.E-4. C.G-3.19.Whatdoesthespeakerasklistenerstodo?A.Weartheirseatbelts.B.Eatdinnerinthefoodcourt.C.Havetheirboardingpassesready.20.Whatwouldhappentobagsthatarenotbeingattendedto?A.They’dberemoved.B.They’dbeleftwheretheyare.C.They’dbeputintheareabetweentheAandBgates.【答案】17.A18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】Ladiesandgentlemen,canIhaveyourattention,please?EagleAirlinesFlight582forNewOrleansisnowboardingatgateG-3.Boardingisforbusinessclassandspecialpassengersatthistime.ThisisthefinalboardingcallforEagleAirFlight644toPhiladelphia,boardingatgateE-4.Allpassengerspleasehaveyourboardingpassesready,andmakesurethatyouhavecollectedallyourcarry-onbags.Pleasemakesurethatnobagsareleftinareaswheretheyarenotbeingattendedto.Ifsuchbagsarefound,theycouldberemovedforsafetyreasons.Ifyouarestillwaitingforyourplaneandlookingforabitetoeat,youcanfindsomethingforeveryoneinourfoodcourt,whichislocatedbetweentheAandBgatesinthemainterminal.Thankyouforyourattentionandwewishyouallapleasantflight.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。ADoyouloveliteratureandtravel?Thenyourtravelscanbeanopportunitytovisitsomeofthemostbeautifullibrariesintheworld.TheLibraryofAdmontAbbeyThelibraryislocatedinAustria.Insidethisextraordinaryplaceisasuperbroomhousingarichcollectionofgreatworks.Theornaments(装饰品)abovetheshelves,aswellasthestatues,ceilings,aresplendid.ThelibraryalsohasthefirsteditionofTheEncyclopediabyDiderotandAlembert.Thisplacewasoncerepairedforfouryearsfrom2000to2004.TheLibraryofCongress,WashingtonThislibrarywasfoundedin1800andwasoneofthelargestlibrariesintheworld.Thebuildingisbreathtakinglybeautiful,withtheoctagonalReadingRoomsurroundedbyanelevatedgalleryfromwhichreaderscangazeupatthestunningceilings.Thewell-carvedstatuesintheGreatHallareanotherfeaturenottobemissed.BinhaiLibrary,TianjinTheTianjinlibraryisapurearchitecturalmasterpiece.Thebuildingisnicknamed“TheEye”becausetheeyeisarecognizablefeatureofthedesignvisiblefrominsideandoutside.Thisimmaculatespacehasbeendesignedsothatvisitorscaneasilymovearound,stoptoread,butalsomeetandchat.Thenumberofshelvesandtheheightareimpressive.TheLibraryofGeorgePeabodyThisisoneofthemostremarkableuniversitylibrariesintheworldandisnamedafterafamousAmericanphilanthropist.Theheartofthelibraryisasuperblonghallforbooks,allonfivefloors.Withits18mhighcentralhall,nowondertheplacewascalledthe“cathedralofbooks”.Ithasacatalogueof300,000books,includingthefirsteditionofCharlesDarwin’sTheOriginofSpecies.21.WhatdotheLibraryofAdmontAbbeyandtheLibraryofCongresshaveincommon?A.Theybothhavebeenrebuilt. B.Theyarebothprivatelibraries.C.Theyeachhaveimpressivestatues. D.Theyarebothlocatedinauniversity.22.Whichlibraryoffersagreatplaceforreaderstocommunicate?A.ThelibraryofAdmontAbbey. B.TheLibraryofCongress,Washington.C.BinhaiLibrary,Tianjin. D.ThelibraryofGeorgePeabody.23.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Asciencearticle. B.Abookreview.C.Anewsreport. D.Atravelguide.【答案】21.C22.C23.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些世界上最美丽的图书馆。【21题详解】细节理解题。由文章TheLibraryofAdmontAbbey部分中“Theornamentsabovetheshelves,aswellasthestatues,ceilings,aresplendid.(架子上的装饰品，以及雕像、天花板，都很华丽。)”和TheLibraryofCongress,Washington部分中“Thewell-carvedstatuesintheGreatHallareanotherfeaturenottobemissed.(大会堂里雕刻精美的雕像是另一个不容错过的特色。)”可知，LibraryofAdmontAbbey和theLibraryofCongress的共同之处是都有令人印象深刻的雕像。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。由文章BinhaiLibrary,Tianjin部分中“Thisimmaculatespacehasbeendesignedsothatvisitorscaneasilymovearound,stoptoread,butalsomeetandchat.(这个完美的空间设计使游客可以轻松地四处走动，停下来阅读，也可以见面聊天。)”可知，天津滨海图书馆为读者提供了一个很好的交流场所。故选C。【23题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段“Doyouloveliteratureandtravel?Thenyourtravelscanbeanopportunitytovisitsomeofthemostbeautifullibrariesintheworld.(你喜欢文学和旅游吗?那么你的旅行就有机会参观一些世界上最美丽的图书馆。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一些世界上最美丽的图书馆，可知本文来自于旅行指南。故选D。BEleven-year-oldRubyhasauniquehobby—makingwishescometruefornursinghomeresidentsinHarrison,Arkansas.Inspiredbyhermother’sworkasanurse,Rubyaccompaniedhermothertothenursinghomesduringthesummerandhasdevelopedaclosebondwiththeelderlyresidents.Oneday,RubynoticedaresidentnamedPearllookingsadwhilestaringoutofawindow.Whensheaskedwhatwaswrong,Pearlexplainedthatshehadseenherdogbeingtakenaway,andshedidn’tknowwhenshewouldseeherbelovedpetagain.ItbrokeRuby’sheart,andshedecidedtotakeaction.Shebeganaskingtheresidentswhatthreethingstheywantedmostintheworld.Tohersurprise,theirrequestsweresimple—chocolatebars,McDonald’sfries,andpantsthatfitproperly.Rubyandhermotherusedtheirownmoneytoachievethewishesofaround100residentswithinthreemonths.Soon,theystartedreceivingdonationsfromthekind-heartedpeopleofHarrison.Encouragedbytheoverwhelmingresponse,theysetupaGoFundMepagecalled“ThreeWishesforRuby’sResidents”tocollect$5,000.Theyreachedtheirgoalwithinamonth.WhenGoFundMerecognizedRubyasaKidHeroandsharedherstoryworldwide,donationspouredin.Injust24hours,theyraised$20,000,andwithinfivemonths,thetotalsurpassed$250,000.Withthesefunds,theywereabletogrant(准予)morecreativewishes,suchascreatingamancaveforoneresidentwithaWalkmanandsnacks,andprovidingfinancialassistanceforanotherresidenttoattendanout-of-statewedding.Motivatedbytheirsuccess,ThreeWishesforRuby’sResidentsbecameanonprofitorganizationandexpandednationwide.Theirnewgoalistosetupasharedlaptopinatleastonenursinghomeineachstate.Ruby’spassionforkindnessdriveshertocontinueherefforts,andheractsofkindnessserveasareminderthatevensmallgesturescanmakeabigdifferenceinsomeone’slife.24.WhatinspiredRubytoachievenursinghomeresidents’wishes?A.Heraffectionfordogs. B.Herenthusiasmforfundraising.C.Pearl’srequestforthreewishes. D.Pearl’sstoryaboutherpetdog.25.HowdidRubyandhermotherfirstlygetthemoneytosatisfytheresidents’desires?A.Theygotthefund.B.Theysoldtheirbelongings.C.Theyusedtheirpersonalmoney.D.Theygotdonationsfromthenursinghome.26.Whatwasoneofthecreativewishesgrantedbytheproject?A.Buildinganewnursinghome.B.ProvidingfinancialassistanceforweddingsC.Settingupsharedlaptopsinnursinghomesacrossthecountry.D.Establishingacomfortableroomforaresidentwithamusicplayerandsnacks.27.WhichwordcanbestdescribeRuby’sbehavior?A.Creative. B.Caring. C.Confusing. D.Courageous.【答案】24.D25.C26.D27.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述11岁Ruby创建ThreeWishesforRuby’sResidents非盈利组织的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段“Oneday,RubynoticedaresidentnamedPearllookingsadwhilestaringoutofawindow.Whensheaskedwhatwaswrong,Pearlexplainedthatshehadseenherdogbeingtakenaway,andshedidn’tknowwhenshewouldseeherbelovedpetagain.ItbrokeRuby’sheart,andshedecidedtotakeaction.Shebeganaskingtheresidentswhatthreethingstheywantedmostintheworld.(一天，Rubyl注意到一位名叫Pearl的居民在凝视窗外时看起来很悲伤。当她问怎么了时，Pearl解释说，她看到自己的狗被带走了，她不知道什么时候才能再次见到她心爱的宠物。这伤透了Ruby的心，她决定采取行动。她开始问居民们，世界上他们最想要的三样东西是什么。)”可知，Pearl关于她的宠物狗的故事启发了Ruby去实现疗养院居民的愿望。故选D项。【25题详解】细节理解题。由文章第三段“Rubyandhermotherusedtheirownmoneytoachievethewishesofaround100residentswithinthreemonths.(Ruby和她的母亲用自己的钱在三个月内实现了大约100名居民的愿望。)”可知，Ruby和她的母亲最开始用自己的钱来实现居民的愿望。故选C项。【26题详解】细节理解题。由文章第四段“Withthesefunds,theywereabletogrant(准予)morecreativewishes,suchascreatingamancaveforoneresidentwithaWalkmanandsnacks,andprovidingfinancialassistanceforanotherresidenttoattendanout-of-statewedding.(有了这些资金，他们能够实现更具创造性的愿望，例如为一位居民创建一个舒适的房间，配有音乐播放器和小吃，并为另一位居民参加州外婚礼提供经济援助。)”可知，为居住者建立一个舒适的房间，配有音乐播放器和小吃是该项目实现的创造性愿望之一。故选D项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ruby’spassionforkindnessdriveshertocontinueherefforts,andheractsofkindnessserveasareminderthatevensmallgesturescanmakeabigdifferenceinsomeone’slife.(Ruby对善良热情驱使她继续努力，她的善举提醒她，即使是小小的举动也会对一个人的生活产生巨大的影响。)”以及上文可推知，Ruby是一个善良且乐于助人的人，所以她的行为是关心他人的。故选B项。CAgroupofresearchershascomeupwithawaytomakeiteasiertodriveinthesnow:bydesigningtyres(轮胎)basedonpolarbearpaws.“Wehadanongoingprojectformanyyearsfocusedonice,”saidAliDhinojwala,whotookpartintheresearch.“Wewerelookingatthefriction(摩擦力)ofmaterialsbecauseournationalpartnersneedtodeveloptyreswithastronggripontheroadiniceandsnowconditions.”Theteamturnedtonatureforinspiration,thinkingthatevolutionmighthavealreadysolvedtheprobleminawaythatcouldbecopiedwithtechnology.Theobviousplacetolookwaspolarbears—specificallythetinybumps(凸块)onthesurfaceoftheirpawpads—tofindoutwhateffecttheyhaveontheanimals’abilitytomovequicklyacrossicyandsnowyarea.Todothis,theteamgatheredsamples(样本)ofpolarbearpawpads,aswellassamplesfrombrownbearsandAmericanblackbears(twospeciescloselyrelatedtopolarbears)andsunbears(adistantlyrelatedspecies,typicallyfoundinAsia).Theteamimagedthesamplesusingascanningelectronmicroscope,produced3D-printedcopiesandthentestedtheminsnowinthelab.Theyfoundthatthetinystructuresonthepolarbearpawpadsweretaller,whichgavethembetterfrictiononthesnow,eventhoughpolarbearshavesmallerpadscomparedtootherbears.Theteamnowwantstolookintootherfactorsthatmayhaveaneffect,suchasthepatternsandshapesofthetinystructures.“Ifyoulookatsnowtyresyou’llseethattheydohavesomedeepertreads(外胎花纹),butthisresearchcouldalsoshowvariouswaystodesignthemthatcouldhavealargerimpact,”saidDhinojwala.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inparagraph2referto?A.Polarbears. B.Tinybumps.C.Pawpads. D.Snowyroads.29.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thebackgroundoftheresearch. B.Thefindingoftheresearch.C.Thedifferencesofsamplesinthelab. D.Thecomparisonofdifferentbearpads.30.WhatcanweinferfromDhinojwala’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Differenttreadsmightbedesignedonthesnowtyres.B.Snowtyresthathavedeepertreadscanbesafeenough.C.Thedesignofsnowtyresrequiresnofurtherimprovement.D.Theresearchersshouldhaveturnedtootherbearsforinspiration.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Aneasierwaytodriveinthesnow B.AnongoingprojectfocusedoniceC.Snowtyresbasedonpolarbearpaws D.Anewresearchonpolarbearpawpads【答案】28.B29.B30.A31.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家基于北极熊熊爪的构造设计新型雪地轮胎。【28题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段“Theobviousplacetolookwaspolarbears—specificallythetinybumps(凸块)onthesurfaceoftheirpawpads—tofindoutwhateffecttheyhaveontheanimals’abilitytomovequicklyacrossicyandsnowyarea.”（最明显的研究对象是北极熊——特别是它们脚掌表面的小凸起——来发现它们对动物在冰雪地区快速移动的能力有什么影响。）可知，它们指的是北极熊脚掌表面的小凸起对于动物在冰雪地区快速移动的能力的影响，推断处they指代的是B项“小凸起”。故选B项。【29题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Theyfoundthatthetinystructuresonthepolarbearpawpadsweretaller,whichgavethembetterfrictiononthesnow,eventhoughpolarbearshavesmallerpadscomparedtootherbears.”（他们发现北极熊脚垫上的微小结构更高，这使得它们在雪地上有更好的摩擦力，尽管北极熊的脚垫比其他熊小。）可知，第四段主要谈到的是研究的发现。故选B项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Ifyoulookatsnowtyresyou’llseethattheydohavesomedeepertreads(外胎花纹),butthisresearchcouldalsoshowvariouswaystodesignthemthatcouldhavealargerimpact,”saidDhinojwala.”（“如果你看看雪地轮胎，你会发现它们确实有一些更深的胎面，但这项研究也可以展示各种设计方法，这些方法可以产生更大的影响。”）可知，我们可以从最后一段Dhinojwala的话中推断出雪地轮胎可能会设计不同的胎面。故选A项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Agroupofresearchershascomeupwithawaytomakeiteasiertodriveinthesnow:bydesigningtyres(轮胎)basedonpolarbearpaws.”（一组研究人员提出了一种使在雪地里开车更容易的方法:用北极熊的爪子设计轮胎。）可知，本文主要介绍的是科学家基于北极熊爪设计雪地轮胎，C项“基于北极熊爪的雪地轮胎”符合题意。故选C项。DEverywhereyougo,itseemslikepeopleareusingsomethingtoreducethenoiseintheirlives.Theywearover-earheadphonesonpublictransportation,duringlongflights,orinopen-planoffices,orusecoloredearplugs(耳塞)atconcerts.Silenceisnowbigbusiness,withtheglobalmarketfornoise-cancellingheadphonesbringing$13.1billionin2021.Expertspredictthatthisfigurewilltripleby2031.Whilethesemarket-basedsolutionsarebecomingpopular,theyraiseaquestion:Aretherephysicalandsocialeffectstoshuttingouttheworldaroundus?Noise-cancellingtechnologywasfirstdevelopedinthe1950storeducecockpitnoiseforpilots.Theheadphonestodayusetechnologyknownasactivenoisecontrol.However,toomuchofagoodthingalsohasitsdownsides.Manystudieshaveshownthatconstantearplugwearing,dayandnight,overjustoneweekcanleadtoaconditionknownastinnitus(耳鸣).“Whenyoustoplisteningtooutsidesounds,yourbrainstartstoturnupits‘internalvolume’sothatitcanstillpickuponthings.”McAlpinesays.“Ifyoustopthesoundgoingintoyourears,it’slikemessingwithhowyourbrainissupposedtoworknaturally.”Whenitcomestodistraction(干扰),thetypeofnoisemaymatterasmuchasvolume.Moderate(适中的)backgroundnoise,around70dB,hasbeenfoundtoadvanceperformanceoncreativetasks,forexample.“Somepeoplecanworkreallyeffectivelyinbuzzycafesandevenairports,andyettheycan’tfocusinthesamewayinanoffice.Evenifitisn’tasnoisy,”McAlpinesays.“Yourbrainintheofficeisautomaticallypayingattentiontoallthoseotherconversations—becausetheymightbeaboutsomethingyouneedtoknow.”How,then,canwedealwithallthelouddistractionsinourmodernlives?Anover-dependenceonnoise-cancellingtechnologyisnotnecessarilythesolution,saysMcAlpine.“Wehavegivenmorecontroltooutsidesourcesoveroursoundenvironmentcomparedtoourvisualenvironment,”hesays.IfpeoplestartedwearingAR/VRgogglesandlivingintheirownvirtualworldsinsteadoffocusingonimprovingthephysicalenvironment,“Andthat’sproblematic.”32.Whatisthepurposeofnoise-cancellingheadphones?A.Topickupthesounds.B.Toreducetherateoftinnitus.C.Toimproveperformanceoncreativetasks.D.Tocreateasenseofsilenceinnoisyenvironments.33.WhichstatementisTRUEaccordingtothearticle?A.Wearingnoise-cancellingheadphoneshasnophysicalorsocialcosts.B.Creativetaskperformancecanbeimprovedbythemoderatebackgroundnoise.C.Noise-cancellingtechnologywasfirstdevelopedinthe1950sforconcertgoers.D.Theglobalmarketfornoise-cancellingheadphonesisbelievedtodropby2031.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“buzzy”meaninthefourthparagraph?A.Lively. B.Advanced. C.Interesting. D.Quiet.35.WhatattitudedoesMcAlpineholdtowardstheover-dependenceonthetechnology?A.Negative. B.Objective. C.Optimistic. D.Indifferent.【答案】32.D33.B34.A35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了现代社会中噪音干扰的问题以及人们使用降噪技术的现象。文章指出，虽然降噪技术在市场上大受欢迎，但过度使用可能带来身体和社会方面的负面影响。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Everywhereyougo,itseemslikepeopleareusingsomethingtoreducethenoiseintheirlives.Theywearover-earheadphonesonpublictransportation,duringlongflights,orinopen-planoffices,orusecoloredearplugs(耳塞)atconcerts.(无论你走到哪里，人们似乎都在用某种东西来减少生活中的噪音。他们在公共交通工具上、长途飞行中或在开放式办公室里戴着戴耳式耳机，或者在音乐会上使用彩色耳塞)”和第二段中“Noise-cancellingtechnologywasfirstdevelopedinthe1950storeducecockpitnoiseforpilots.Theheadphonestodayusetechnologyknownasactivenoisecontrol.(降噪技术最早是在20世纪50年代发展起来的，目的是为飞行员减少驾驶舱的噪音。今天的耳机使用了一种被称为主动噪声控制的技术)”可推知，降噪耳机是用于减少生活中的噪音，在嘈杂的环境中创造一种安静的感觉。故选D项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Moderate(适中的)backgroundnoise,around70dB,hasbeenfoundtoadvanceperformanceoncreativetasks,forexample.(例如，研究发现，适度的背景噪音(约70分贝)可以提高创造性任务的表现)”可知，适度的背景噪声可以提高创造性任务的表现，故“Creativetaskperformancecanbeimprovedbythemoderatebackgroundnoise.”是正确表述。故选B项。【34题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Somepeoplecanworkreallyeffectivelyinbuzzy

cafesandevenairports,andyettheycan’tfocusinthesamewayinanoffice.(有些人可以在buzzy的咖啡馆甚至机场高效地工作，但他们却无法在办公室里保持同样的专注)”中“cafes(咖啡馆)”和常识可推知，咖啡馆是喧闹的，故buzzy与lively同义，意为“热闹的”。故选A项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Anover-dependenceonnoise-cancellingtechnologyisnotnecessarilythesolution,saysMcAlpine.(过度依赖降噪技术未必是解决问题的办法，麦卡尔平说)”可推知，McAlpine对过度依赖降噪技术持否定态度。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Self-discipline(自律)isatermthateveryoneunderstands.However,fewpeopleappreciateit.Disciplinehappenstoeventhemostfamouspeople.Itisnecessaryforalllivingbeings,becausewithoutittherewouldbedisorderaroundus.___36___.Improvesyourself-esteemNothingismoreenjoyablethandevelopingnewhabits,quittingoldones,andachievingyourgoals.___37___.Sticktoaroutine,manageyourtime,andfightdelay.Highself-esteemcarrieswithittherestofyourlifeandyourrelationship.Highself-esteemalsohelpsyoufacechallengeswithgreaterconfidenceindifficultsituations.HelpsyouachievegoalsWeallhavegoalsinlife.Workgoalsareverycommon,buttheycanalsoincludethingslikelearninganewlanguage,improvingahobbyorfitnessgoal.___38___.Itwon’thappenovernight.___39___.Notallgreatheadsareborn,mostofwhomfollowaverybusyscheduleandkeepthedisciplineintheirlivestobecomegoodleaders.Gooddisciplinecreatesapositiveattitudetowardssociety,confidenceandadesiretodosomethinggreat.Disciplinehelpspeopledevelopattitudesthatarethekeytosuccess.Theycanserveasgreatrolemodelsforothersinsociety.Makesyoumoretrustworthy___40___.Forexample,ifyoudon’tknowhowtomanageyourtime,youmayhaveproblemsmeetingdeadlinesatwork,arrivingontimeforeventsandmeetings,orspendingenoughtimewithyourlovedones.Youcanearnareputationforbeinguntrustworthy.Disciplinecanhelpyoudevelopnewhabits,andmanageyourtimeeffectively.Withtimeanddiscipline,youwillseeimprovementsandsuccess.A.MakesyoualeaderB.HelpspeoplebuildconfidenceC.YouneeddisciplinetogetwhatyouwantD.LackofdisciplinecanmakeabigdifferenceinyourlifeE.Therefore,theimportanceofdisciplineinlifecannotbeignoredF.TrustworthypeoplearemorelikelytobelikedandrespectedbyothersG.Thesevictoriesgiveyouasenseofhappiness,makingiteasiertokeepdiscipline【答案】36.E37.G38.C39.A40.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了自律的好处和缺乏自律的危害。【36题详解】由上文“Self-discipline(自律)isatermthateveryoneunderstands.However,fewpeopleappreciateit.Disciplinehappenstoeventhemostfamouspeople.Itisnecessaryforalllivingbeings,becausewithoutittherewouldbedisorderaroundus.(自律是一个人人都懂的术语。然而，很少有人欣赏它。即使是最著名的人也会自律。它对所有的生物都是必要的，因为没有它，我们周围就会混乱。)”可知，自律是非常重要的，故E选项“Therefore,theimportanceofdisciplineinlifecannotbeignored(因此，自律在生活中的重要性不容忽视)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。【37题详解】由上文“Nothingismoreenjoyablethandevelopingnewhabits,quittingoldones,andachievingyourgoals.(没有什么比养成新习惯、改掉旧习惯和实现目标更令人愉快的了。)”推知，实现目标的喜悦更有可能让人们自律，故G选项“Thesevictoriesgiveyouasenseofhappiness,makingiteasiertokeepdiscipline(这些胜利给你一种幸福感，让你更容易遵守纪律)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。【38题详解】由上文“Weallhavegoalsinlife.Workgoalsareverycommon,buttheycanalsoincludethingslikelearninganewlanguage,improvingahobbyorfitnessgoal.(我们都有人生目标。工作目标很常见，但也可以包括学习一门新语言、培养爱好或健身目标等。)”和下文“Itwon’thappenovernight.(这不会在一夜之间发生)”可知，只有自律才能我们的目标实现，故C选项“Youneeddisciplinetogetwhatyouwant(你需要自律才能得到你想要的)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。【39题详解】由下文“Notallgreatheadsareborn,mostofwhomfollowaverybusyscheduleandkeepthedisciplineintheirlivestobecomegoodleaders.Gooddisciplinecreatesapositiveattitudetowardssociety,confidenceandadesiretodosomethinggreat.Disciplinehelpspeopledevelopattitudesthatarethekeytosuccess.Theycanserveasgreatrolemodelsforothersinsociety.(并不是所有伟大的领导者都是天生的，他们中的大多数人都遵循非常繁忙的日程，并在他们的生活中保持纪律，成为优秀的领导者。良好的纪律培养了对社会的积极态度、信心和做大事的愿望。纪律帮助人们培养态度，这是成功的关键。他们可以成为社会上其他人的伟大榜样。)”可知，自律可以让我们成为行业的佼佼者，并取得成功，故A选项“Makesyoualeader(让你成为领导者)”能概括本段主题，符合题意。故选A。【40题详解】由下文“Forexample,ifyoudon’tknowhowtomanageyourtime,youmayhaveproblemsmeetingdeadlinesat