新教材英语选择性课时作业（五）Unit2ImprovingyourselfSectionⅡUsinglanguage

课时作业(五)Unit2SectionⅡUsinglanguageⅠ.阅读理解AWillyourhappinessdifferifyouaredoingakindactionwithoutanyexpectationofrewardsorwithanexpectationofrewards?AstudybyUniversityofInbothinstances,therewardcenterofthebrainlitupontheMRIscans(磁共振成像扫描).Yet,forthosewhomadetheirdecisionwithoutanyrewards,otherareasofthebrainlitupaswell.Specifically,itlitupthesubgenualanteriorcingulatecortex(前扣带皮层区域),whichscientistsbelieveplaysaroleinemotionalregulation.Also,itmightaidinmaintainingexcitementrelatedtoaneventthatcreatesapositiveemotionalstate.Inonestudyaboutthesubgenualanteriorcingulatecortex,itisbelievedthatthisbrainregioncouldberelatedtodepressionifitisn'tdevelopedproperlyorisdysfunctional.Thefactthatthispartofthebrainlightsupduringactsofgenerosityandcaringwithoutexpectationofrewardsshowsthatthealtruisticindividualsaregettingmoresustainablepleasurethanthosemotivatedbyrewards.Italsocouldaidinexplaininghowithelpsdepressiveindividualsfeelhappierafterdoingakinddeed.Weliveinasociety,andnomanisalonelyisland.Weallneedeachother.Forthosewhogenuinelydesiretohelpothersregardlessofrepayment,maintainingabalanceofhelpingothersandyourselfisveryimportant.Itishealthyandnecessarytobekindtoyourself,aswellastoothers.1．Whydidtheauthorthinktheresultsinteresting?A．Therearenodifferencesastothelit­upareaofthebrain.B．Therewardcenterofthebrainlitupinonecasealone.C．Thesubgenualanteriorcingulatecortexmakesnodifference.D．Therewardcenterofthebrainlitupinbothcases.2．Whatcanbelearnedaboutthesubgenualanteriorcingulatecortex?A．Itmighthelpkeepcalm.B．Itmaymakeadifferencetocontrollingemotion.C．Itcancreatepositiveemotion.D．Ithasnothingtodowithdepression.3．Whatdoestheauthorseemtosuggestinthelastparagraph?A．Helpothersregardlessofyourself.B．Treatothersandyourselfwithkindness.C．Forthesakeofyourself,lendahand.D．Practisekindnessatallcosts.BEveryonecantryhisbesttoachievesomething.Wedon'tneedtobethebest,buttoconstantlychallengethelimitsofwhatwearecapableof.Igainedthisbelieffrommythirdgradeteacher,themostspecial,honored,trustworthy,andconsideratepersoninmylife.Mr.Myruswasalwaysperfectlydressedandspokewiththebeliefthattalkingtoaneight­year­oldchilddidn'tmeanhehadtosacrificeappropriatestatementsorgrammar.Andhewasdemanding,_buthewasn'tunreasonableorcruel.Hesimplyfeltthatnomatterwhatyourbestwas,youshouldachieveit.Luckilyenough,Imethimagainasmyeighthgrademathteacher.Iwasnot,noreverwillbe,giftedinmath.Iremembermystrugglesinclass.“Idon'tknowtheanswer，”Iwouldsay.“Ican'tdoit！”“Perhapsyoudon'tknowtheanswer，”hewouldsayquietly.“Doyouthinkwemightfigureitouttogether?Howdoyouknowwhatyoucandoifyoudon'thaveatry？”Mr.Myruslivedaroundthecorner,andIwouldoftenstopbytotalkwhileheworkedinhisgarden,IknewtherewassomeonewholetmeknowthatifIhadreallytried,thatwasenough.“Don'tbesohardonyourself，”he'dsay.“Stopblamingyourself.Didyoutryyourbest?Well,thenyou'renotafailure，”heoftentoldmethesewords.Mr.Myrusdiedin1978.Ihadneverthoughtabouthisdeath.Hewastooyoung.Ifeltsorry.ButwhenIthinkabouthimnow,Idon'tfeelsosorry.Hetaughtmetobekind,notonlytoothers,buttomyself.Hetaughtmemyownvalue.Hetaughtmesomethingabouthonor,abouttruth,andaboutdoingmybestandhealsotaughtmethatallfeelingsandbeliefshavedignityanddeserverespect.AndofallthethingsIknow,Ibelievethatwecan'tallbe“thebest”，butwecan,eachofus,beourbest.AndIknowthat'struebecauseMr.Myrustoldmethat.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“demanding”inParagraph2mostprobablymean?A．Strict.B．Indifferent.C．Critical.D．Careful.5．WhydidtheauthorthinkhewasluckyinParagraph3?A．Mr.Myrusbecamehisteacheragain.B．Mr.Myruswashisteacherforeightyears.C．HebecameinterestedinmathbecauseofMr.Myrus.D．HedevelopedagoodrelationshipwithMr.Myrus.6．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Theauthormayhavebeeateacher.B．Theauthorlikedtorecallhischildhood.C．Theauthorbelievedhewouldbethebestofall.D．Theauthorendedupbeingamanofself­confidence.7．WhatcanwelearnaboutMr.Myrusaccordingtothepassage?A．Heisusuallyindifferenttothestudents.B．Heisresponsibleforhisstudentsandhisteaching.C．Heisapersonwhoisn'tparticularaboutwhathewears.D．Heissometimescruelandunreasonabletohisstudents.Ⅱ.七选五Weallknowthebenefitsofregularphysicalactivity.Butabout80percentofpeopledon'ttakeexerciseeveryday.Evensomesaytheydon'tenjoyexercise.__1__Herearesometips.Findawayofexercisethatbestfitsyourpersonality.__2__Takeagroupexerciseclass,joinafootballteamorwalkwithagroupoffriends.Ifyoupreferhavingtimealone,joggingoryogawillbebetterforyou.Makeitahabit.Itcantakealittlewhileforsomethingtobeeahabit.__3__Onewayistotrytoexerciseataroundthesametimeeachday.“Exercisecanbeeaddictiveinapositiveway，”saidDr.Carnethon,whoisalsoavolunteeroftheAmericanHeartAssociation.__4__Therearemanywaystofitexerciseintoyourlife.Youcanfindsomeexercisevideosonline.Doweighttrainingwiththingsaroundyourhome.Takeabriefwalkafterlunch.Andifyougotoschoolorworkbybus,getoffastopearlierandwalktherestoftheway.Keepgoing.Ifyoumissaday,don'tworryaboutit.__5__Justmakesureyougetbacktoexercisethenextday.It'seasytomakesomethingahabitagain.Youwillseethesamebenefits.Andanylittlebityoucanfitinwillshowbenefits.A．Buildexerciseintoyourday.B．Everybodystrugglesonceinawhile.C．Sohowcanyoumakeexercisepleasant?D．Breakupyourphysicalactivityintosmallerparts.E．Therefore,giveyourselfthetimetocreatearegularroutine.F．Ifyouareasocialperson,dosomethingthatattractsyousocially.G．Findingapeergroupistheperfectwaytoshareyourgoalsandhobbies.课时作业(五)Ⅰ.阅读理解A【语篇解读】本文为说明文。萨塞克斯大学做了一项研究，研究为了得到回报而帮助他人与施恩不图回报有何区别。研究发现积极地帮助别人有很多益处。1．答案与解析：D'考查细节理解。由第二段中的“Inbothinstances,therewardcenterofthebrainlitupontheMRIscans(磁共振成像扫描)”可知，作者认为非常有趣，因为这两种情况竟然都能使大脑扫描区域中的奖励中心亮起来。2．答案与解析：B'考查细节理解。由第二段中的“whichscientistsbelieveplaysaroleinemotionalregulation”可知该区域起着控制情绪的作用。3．答案与解析：B'考查推理判断。由最后一段中的“Itishealthyandnecessarytobekindtoyourself，aswellastoothers”可知作者建议善待别人也要善待自己。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了通过Mr.Myrus的帮助，作者意识到只要自己尽了最大的努力就不是一个失败的人，这也帮助作者成为一个有自信的人，相信只要尽力，我们就是最好的自己。4．答案与解析：A'词义猜测题。根据上文可知，Mr.Myrus总是穿着整齐，即使他与八岁的孩子讲话也不会省掉适当的陈述或语法；再结合下文可知，他只是认为无论你的最高标准是什么，你都应该做到。由此可知，画线词意为“严格的”。对比选项：A项“严格的”；B项“漠不关心的”；C项“批评的”；D项“仔细的”。故选A。5．答案与解析：A'细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Luckilyenough,Imethimagainasmyeighthgrademathteacher.”可知，作者觉得很幸运是因为Mr.Myrus又当了他的老师。故选A。6．答案与解析：D'推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“AndofallthethingsIknow,Ibelievethatwecan'tallbe“thebest”，butwecan,eachofus,beourbest.AndIknowthat'struebecauseMr.Myrustoldmethat.”可推知，作者成了一个有自信的人。故选D。7．答案与解析：B'推理判断题。结合全文尤其是第一段中的“Igainedthisbelieffrommythirdgradeteacher,themostspecial,ho