河北深州市长江中学2020-2021学年高一10月月考英语试题

长江中学高一年级第一次考试英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whyisthewomanlookingforclothes?A.She’stoowarminherclothes.B.Sheneedstoattendaparty.C.Herclothesaretoosmall.2.Whyarethemanandwomancelebrating?A.It’sthewoman’sbirthday.B.Thewomangotanewjob.C.Theyrecentlygotengaged.3.Howdoesthemanreacttoseeingthewoman?A.He’ssad.B.He’sscared.C.He’ssurprised.4.WhydoesthewomanwanttogotoParis?A.Tostudydance.B.Toopenastudio.C.Togotocollege.5.Whathappenedtotheman’shand?A.Hebrokehisfinger.B.Hecuthisfinger.C.Hehadanoperation.第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutowningaboat?A.Itisfun.B.Itisexpensive.C.Ittakesuptoomuchspace.7.Whatisthemanmostconcernedwith?A.Gettingadiscountonaboat.B.Gettinghisparentstobuyhimaboat.C.Findingaplacetokeephisboat.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.HowmanyDVDsdoesthemanhave?A.Aboutfivehundred.B.Aboutonethousand.C.Aboutfivethousand.9.Whatistheman’sfavoritemovie?A.Batman.B.TheGraduate.C.TheGodfather.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Accordingtotheman,whatisthebiggestpartoftheproblem?A.Carsthatgotoofast.B.Peoplewhowalkintothetraffic.C.Bikerswhotakeoverthestreet.11.Howmanyaccidentshavetherebeeninamonth?A2.B.3.C.4.12.Howdoesthewomanthinktheleaderswillreact?A.Theywon’tcare.B.Theywillarguewithher.C.Mostofthemwillsupportherview.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdidthemanthinkofhisboss?A.Hewasveryrelaxed.B.Hewasformalandpolite.C.Hewasveryyoung.14.Wheredoesthemanwork?A.Atamusicpany.B.Atafinancialpany.C.Atanewspaper.15.Whatdoestheman’sbossadvisehimtodo?A.Listentomusic.B.Readthenewspaper.C.Playsportsmoreoften.16.Whatdidthewomangivetheman?A.Abook.B.Apen.C.Anewspaper.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Atschool,whatdidthespeakerusetodoafterlunch?A.Playsports.B.Writeshortstories.C.Readinsidetheclassroom.18.Whatdidthespeakerdoinmiddleschool?A.Shestartedabookclub.B.Shewrotefortheschoolnewspaper.C.Shewentouttopartiesfrequently.19.Whendidshefirstgetherwritingspublished?A.Inmiddleschool.B.Inhighschool.C.Atcollege.20.Whatisthespeaker’sfavoriteactivitynow?A.Travelingaroundtheworld.B.Readingbooks.C.Talkingaboutherwriting第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThemostpopularbustourinLondonisahopon,hopofftour.Thismeansthatthebusesarecontinuallydrivingaroundpredefined(预先确定的)routesandvisitorscanusetheirticketstojumponatanystopandgetoffatwhicheverstoptheychoose.Ticketsareusuallyvalid(有效的)for12daysfortheoperatinghoursofthepanyyouhaveboughtyourticketfrom.OneofthebesthoponhopofftoursinLondonisGoldenTours!GoldenToursisLondon'sleadingsightseeingpany.Since1984,ithasbeenofferingawiderangeofdailytourscoveringEngland'smostwellknownattractions.HoponHopoffTicketPrice:Adult:￡26Child:￡12(providesforchildrenaged512)Family:￡64(providesfortwoadultsandtwochildren)TicketDuration:24or48hours(inwinter)Times:BlueRoute:8:16am5:00pmRedRoute:8:16am5:30pmGreenRoute:8:16am5:00pmPurpleRoute:8:16am4:15pmBusesrunevery1020minutes.WheretoPurchaseTicketsOnlineoratdeparturepointsGreenPark,TrafalgarSquare,Buckinghammentary(现场解说)LanguagesandType:LivementaryinEnglish.RecordedmentaryinGerman,French,Spanish,Italian,Japanese,RussianandBrazilianPortuguese.Routes:BlueRoute:StandardRouteplusBelgraviaandKensington—TowerofLondon,St.Paul'sCathedral,BuckinghamPalace,Harrods,V&ARedRoute:StandardRouteplustheDocklandsGreenRoute:StandardRoutePurpleRoute:StandardRouteplusSohoandBloomsburyRouteDurations:13hours1.IfyouwanttovisitBuckinghamPalace,youshouldchooseA.BlueRoute C.GreenRoute 2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEifyoutakePurpleRouteforsightseeinginLondon?A.YoucanhearlivementaryinFrench.B.Youcantakethebustowhereveryouwant.C.Youdon'tneedtowaitanytimeforthebus.D.Youhavetofinishyourtourbefore4:15pm.3.Howmuchshouldacouplewithtwochildrenaged10and12payfortheirtickets?A.￡48. B.￡52.C.￡64. D.￡76.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【分析】本文是一则应用文。文章主要对英国黄金旅行社旅行线路、旅行时间、票价和报名方式等相关信息做了介绍，以此来吸引更多人前往黄金旅行社报名旅行。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Routes部分中第一条BlueRoute:StandardRouteplusBelgraviaandKensington—TowerofLondon,St.Paul'sCathedral,BuckinghamPalace,Harrods,V&AMuseum,etc.可知，蓝色路线：标准路线加伦敦贝尔格拉维亚和肯辛顿塔、圣保罗大教堂、白金汉宫、哈罗德百货、V&A博物馆等。由此可知，如果你想参观白金汉宫，你应该选择蓝色路线。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Times部分中第四条PurpleRoute:8:16am4:15pm可知。紫色路线：上午8:16下午4:15。由此可知，如果你选择紫色路线在伦敦观光，你必须在下午4点15分之前完成你的旅行。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据HoponHopoffTicketPrice部分中第三条Family:£64(providesfortwoadultsandtwochildren)可知，家庭：£64(供两名成人和两名儿童)由此可知，该夫妇只需购买家庭票即可，即一对有两个10岁和12岁孩子的夫妇应该付£64。故选C。【点睛】数字计算题也是近几年高考中常考的内容，此类试题是在文章中直接表现出来细节事实，有的要经过具体的计算才能够得出正确的答案。具体的计算题可以是对年代的计算、月份的计算或比例的计算等。文章中经常会出现许多数字，它们对解题产生一定的影响。解答此类试题的方法是先来理解文章的大意，然后经过对比、分析、计算等就能够得出正确的答案。如第三小题，根据HoponHopoffTicketPrice部分中第三条Family:£64(providesfortwoadultsandtwochildren)可知，家庭：£64(供两名成人和两名儿童)由此可知，该夫妇只需购买家庭票即可，即一对有两个10岁和12岁孩子的夫妇应该付£64。故选C。BSalvadorDali(1904—1989)wasoneofthemostpopularofmodernartists.ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingitsrespectandadmirationfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonalitywithanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings,sculptures,drawingsandmore.Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces,mostimportantlyThePersistenceofMemory.ThereisalsoL’EnigmesansFinfrom1938,worksonpaper,objects,andprojectsforstageandscreenandselectedpartsfromtelevisionprogrammesreflectingtheartist’sshowmanqualities.ThevisitorwillentertheWorldofDalithroughaneggandismetwiththebeginning,theworldofbirth.Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthroughthebrain.TheexhibitionshowshowDalidrawstheviewerbetweentwoinfinities(无限).＂Fromtheinfinitysmalltotheinfinitylarge,contractionandexpansioninginandoutoffocus:amazingFlemishaccuracyandtheshowyBaroqueofoldpaintingthatheusedinhismuseumtheatreinFigueras,＂explainsthePompidouCentre.Thefineselectionofthemajorworkswasdoneinclosecollaboration(合作)withtheMuseoNacionalReinaSofiainMadrid,Spain,andwithcontributionsfromotherinstitutionsliketheSalvadorDaliMuseuminSt.Petersburg.4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeDaliaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Optimistic. B.Productive.C.Generous. D.Traditional.5.WhatisDali’sThePersistenceofMemoryconsideredtobe?A.Oneofhismasterworks. B.Asuccessfulscreenadaptation.C.Anartisticcreationforthestage. D.OneofthebeatTVprogrammes.6.HowaretheexhibitsarrangedattheWorldofDali?ABypopularity. B.Byimportance.C.Bysizeandshape. D.Bytimeandsubject.7.Whatdoestheword＂contributions＂inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Artworks. B.Projects.C.Donations. D.Documents.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.A【解析】【分析】萨尔瓦多·达利是最受欢迎的现代艺术家之一，巴黎的蓬皮杜艺术中心展示了他200多幅油画，雕塑和绘画等作品。展览是按时间和主题展示，展品融合了多种风格，显示了萨尔瓦多·达利非凡的艺术才能。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingitsrespectandadmirationfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonalitywithanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings,sculptures,drawingsandmore.可知，巴黎蓬皮杜艺术中心的展览汇集了达利200多件油画、雕塑、绘画等作品，由此可以推断出他是一个多产的（productive）艺术家。对于他的"乐观"、"慷慨"和"传统"，文中没有信息句支持。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段第三句Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces,mostimportantlyThePersistenceofMemory.可知，ThePersistenceofMemory是他的杰作之一。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段第二句Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthroughthebrain.可知，达利的作品展览是按照时间和主题组织的，对于按照"流行度""重要性""尺寸和形状"等这样的形式，文中并无信息支持。故选D。【7题详解】猜测词义题。根据最后一段可知，最后一段强调了对主要作品进行了精选（thefineselectionofthemajorworks），又点明contributions来自其他机构，所以可推断出contributions应该属于works的范畴。contributions指“贡献”，与C项同义，故选A。【点睛】在做阅读理解题过程中，应首先略读一下短文，了解一下短文的大致意思，然后把几个选项含义理解透，尤其注意意思相近，表达有交叉的选项之间的区别。然后再细读短文，把答案填入合适位置。答题时可以把含义相近的几个选项轮流填入同一处位置，反复阅读，反复体会，找出最佳选项，对于实在没有把握的小题可以最后完成。完成短文后，再认真通读一遍全文，看看上下语意是否通顺，是否符合逻辑关系。要看完全文，关键对方反复阅读，才能选对答案。例如小题1，根据第一段ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingitsrespectandadmirationfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonalitywithanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings,sculptures,drawingsandmore.可知达利的作品是多产的，故选B。CIfyouliveinShanghai，Beijingormanyothercities，youmayseemanyorangebicyclesonthestreetsthesedays．ThesebikesareownedbyapanycalledMobike．Youcanorderabikethroughanapponyourphone．Whenyoufindabike，youjustscanaQRcode（扫描二维码）onthebikesoyoucanuseit．Youdon’tneedtoreturnthebiketoastation—youcanparkitanywhere．Chinawasknownas"thekingdomofbicycles"about30yearsago．Butmorepeoplechoosetodrivecarsandcatchthesubwaythesedays．Bikerental(租凭的)serviceslikeMobikearebringingbikesback．"Backthen，IgotthefeelingthatChinesepeopleweretryingtobemodernandpushawaythepast．Sotheydidnotwanttobelinkedwithbicycles，"saidInesBrunn，aGermanwomanwhorunsabikestoreinBeijing．"Idobelievechangesinpeople'stasteswillshapenewthinkingaboutbikes．"Onlinerentalservicesaremakingbikingmoreconvenient，butit'sstillnoteasytoridebikesinChinesecities．Carsoftentakeupbicyclelanes(道路)．Bikershavetoridenexttocarsincarlanes，whichcanbeverydangerous．Beijingplanstobuildover3,200kmofnewbikelanes．Driverswhodriveinbikelaneswillbepunished．Trafficsignswillbeputuptobetterprotectbikers．8.IfyouwanttouseaMobike,________.A.youhavetoscanaQRcode B.youdon'tneedtopayforitC.youdon'thavetoreturnit D.youhavetopayforanapp9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue，accordingtoParagraph3?A.Chinahadthemostbicyclesintheworldabout30yearsago．B.Therearemorebicycliststhanmotoriststhesedays．C.Morepeoplearedrivingcarsortakingthesubwaythesedays．D.Bikerentalservicesarebeingmorepopular．10.WhatdoesInesBrunnmeanwhenshesayspeople’stastesarechanging？A.Chinesepeoplelikemodernthings．B.Chinesepeoplelikeridingbicycles．C.PeopleinBeijingarechangingtheirtastes．D.Morepeoplewillstartridingbikes．11.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage？A.HowtouseaMobikeB.OrangebikeswillbefashionableC.BringingbackbikesD.WhyisBeijingbuildingnewbikelanes？【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现在中国很多城市出现了一种新型的摩拜单车，人们可以通过及相应的应用程序扫描二维码使用，它将自行车重新带回中国。而北京计划新建新的自行车道，以便更好地保护骑自行车的人。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Whenyoufindabike，youjustscanaQRcode（扫描二维码）onthebikesoyoucanuseit．(当你找到一辆自行车时，你只需在自行车上扫描二维码就可以使用它。)可知，如果你想使用摩拜单车，你必须扫描二维码，故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段Butmorepeoplechoosetodrivecarsandcatchthesubwaythesedays(但是现在更多的人选择开车和乘地铁。)可知，B选项“现在骑自行车的人比开车的人多”不正确，故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段"Backthen，IgotthefeelingthatChinesepeopleweretryingtobemodernandpushawaythepast．Sotheydidnotwanttobelinkedwithbicycles，"saidInesBrunn，aGermanwomanwhorunsabikestoreinBeijing．"Idobelievechangesinpeople'stasteswillshapenewthinkingaboutbikes．"（“那时，我感觉到中国人正试图成为现代人，并把过去的事情推开，所以他们不想与自行车联系在一起，”一位在北京经营自行车商店的德国女人InesBrunn说，“我相信人们品味的改变会塑造自行车的新思维。”可知，人们品味的改变意味着更多的人将开始骑自行车，故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据讲述摩拜单车在中国的使用和流行，及第三段Bikerental（租赁的）serviceslikeMobikearebringingbikesback．（像摩拜单车这样的自行车租赁服务正在把自行车带回来。）可知，C项“带回自行车”适合作文章标题，故选C。DPartsofAfricaarecoveredbyadarkcloud.Butthisisnoraincloud.Itisalivingcloudmadeofbillionsoflocusts(蝗虫)thataretravelingacrossthecontinenteatingeverythingintheirpath.AndnowinthebattletostopthisdisasteraradiostationinSenegal,WestAfrica,isofferinglisteners50kilogramsofriceiftheycancatchandkill50kilogramsoflocusts.“Wethinkthisideawillgetmorepeopletotakepartinthewaronthelocusts.”saidAbdoulayeBa,fromSudFm,aradiostationinoneofSenegal'sworstaffectedarea.ThisisWestAfrica’sbiggestlocustdisasterin15years,anditismovingeast,causinghugedamagetocrops.Astheymovetheyproduceyoungandincreasetheirnumberandwillsoonthreaten(威胁)SudaninthenortheastofAfrica.SomesayitcouldreachAsia.Expertssaytheharmfuleffectoncropsinareasalreadysufferingfromfoodshortageandwarcouldcausemanypeopletogohungry.Governmentsintheareasarenotwellequippedtofightthepest.Althoughleadersof12countrieshaveagreedonaplan,itisnotexpectedtobeenough.“Wearenowtreating6,000hectares(公顷)perdaywithpesticide(杀虫剂),butweneedtotreat20,000hectaresperdayinordertohaveanyhopeofcontrollingthisdisaster,”saidMohamedAbdallahiOuldBabah,directoroflocustcontrolinMauritania.Requestsarebeingmadeforinternationalaid,whichisonlywaytolimitthedisaster,theUN’sFoodandAgricultureOrganizationwarned.12.Byusing"darkcloud"todescribelocustsinthefirstparagraph,authorofthearticle.A.showsthesizeandspeedofthemassoflocustsB.suggeststhegreatdamagethatlocustscancauseC.warnsthatlocustswouldsweepthecontinentlikeraincloudsD.bothAandB13.Thestoryismainlyabout.A.WestAfrica'sunitedeffortinfightingadisasterB.thedifficultyincontrollinglocustsC.howlocustscausedgreatdamagetoWestAfricaD.astruggletofightagainstadisasterbroughtbylocustsinWestAfrica14.Thelocustdisaster.A.wouldbeevenmoreseriousinAsiaB.isoutofcontrolC.affectedonlythewarningareasD.cannotbestoppedunlesstwiceasmuchpesticideisprovidedfortheaffectedareas15.WhichofthefollowingisWRONG?A.SudFmoffersarewardedforfightinglocustssothatmorepeoplewilljoinintheeffort.B.SenegalistothesouthwestofSudan.C.ThelocustscancausesuchdamagemainlybecauseithasnonaturalenemyinWestAfrica.D.12countriesaffectedbylocustshaveunitedbutstilllackpesticide.【答案】12.D13.D14.B15.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。这篇短文讲述的是非洲的部分地区遭受了非常严重的蝗虫灾害，造成了很大的损失。现在政府及其他国家的领袖都已经采取措施，展开行动，消灭蝗虫。电台也呼吁更多的人加入到与蝗虫的战斗中来。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段PartsofAfricaarecoveredbyadarkcloud.Butthisisnoraincloud.Itisalivingcloudmadeofbillionsoflocusts(蝗虫)thataretravelingacrossthecontinenteatingeverythingintheirpath.可知，非洲部分地区被乌云覆盖，但这并不是雨云，而是由数十亿只蝗虫组成的活云，它们正在穿越非洲大陆，吃掉路上的所有东西。可推知，这里是用乌云来形容蝗虫的大小、速度和危害。故选D。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段PartsofAfricaarecoveredbyadarkcloud.Butthisisnoraincloud.Itisalivingcloudmadeofbillionsoflocusts(蝗虫)thataretravelingacrossthecontinenteatingeverythingintheirpath.可知，非洲部分地区被乌云覆盖，但这并不是雨云，而是由数十亿只蝗虫组成的活云，它们正在穿越非洲大陆，吃掉路上的所有东西。结合文章主要讲的是非洲西部发生的严重的蝗虫灾害，而且各方面正为消灭蝗虫而做着努力。由此可知，文章主要讲述的是一场与西非蝗虫带来的灾难作斗争的故事。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Wearenowtreating6,000hectaresperdaywithpesticide,butweneedtotreat20,000hectaresperdayinordertohaveanyhopeofcontrollingthisdisaster,”saidMohamedAbdallahiOuldBabah,directoroflocustcontrolinMauritania.可知毛里塔尼亚蝗虫控制中心主任MohamedAbdallahiOuldBabah说：“我们现在每天要处理6,000公顷的蝗虫，但是我们需要每天处理20,000公顷的蝗虫，这样才有希望控制这场灾难。”由此可知，蝗虫灾害目前失去了控制。故选B。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Andnowinthebattletostopthisdisaster,aradiostationinSenegal,WestAfrica,isofferinglisteners50kilogramsofriceiftheycancatchandkill50kilogramsoflocusts.可知，现在，在阻止这场灾难的战斗中，西非塞内加尔的一家电台向听众提供50公斤大米，如果他们能够捕捉并杀死50公斤蝗虫的话。由此可知，A选项“苏丹南方发展联盟—调频广播电台为抗击蝗虫提供奖励，以便更多的人参与这项努力”正确；根据第三段中AstheymovetheyproduceyoungandincreasetheirnumberandwillsoonthreatenSudaninthenortheastofAfrica.可知，随着它们的迁徙，它们会繁殖后代，数量也会增加，很快就会威胁到非洲东北部的苏丹。由此可知，可知B选项“塞内加尔在苏丹的西南部”正确；根据最后一段中Althoughleadersof12countrieshaveagreedonaplan,itisnotexpectedtobeenough.可知，尽管12个国家的领导人已经就一项计划达成一致，但预计这还不够。由此可知，D选项“受蝗虫影响的12个国家已经联合起来，但仍然缺乏杀虫剂”正确。只有C选项“蝗虫能造成这样的破坏主要是因为它们在西非没有天敌”文章没有提到，C选项错误。故选C。第二节(共5小题；每小2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Lifeisfilledwithregrets.___16___Whenwelookback,wealwayswishthatwehadmadebetterchoices.Thenwhatcanwedotoavoidfutureregrets?Makebetterplans．Ifyoustarttodosomething,youneedtomakeaplanbeforedoingit.Theearlier,thebetter.___17___You’llalsoknowwhatyoushoulddoandwhatyoushouldn’tdo.___18___Youcangoaroundmoreoften.Moreoutdooractivitiescankeepyourelaxedandactive.Youalsoneedtobekind.“Thankyou”canbringasmiletosomeone’sface.Learntosay“sorry”anddon’tbeangrywithothers.Findtherightfriend.Afriendmaymakeyourlifeandcanbreakyourlifeaswell.___19___Goodfriendswillalwaysbetteryourideas.Neverfearfailure．Everybodyfails.Eventhegreatestpersonfailed.Weshouldnotfearfailure,becausefailureisnottheendoftheroad.___20___Lifeisgood.Wedon’thavetoliveinourpast,butwedohopethatwecanplanbetter,livebetterandworkbetterwhenwehavethechancetodoso.A.Liveamoreactivelife.B.Almostallofushavenodifficultytellingourregrets.C.Weshouldtakefailureasachanceandimproveourselves.D.Wehadmanydreamswhenwewereyoungchildren.E.Soyouhavetothinktwicewhenyouchooseafriend.F.Buildupyourconfidence.G.Youwillknowwhatesfirstandwhateslast.【答案】16.B17.G18.A19.E20.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章向我们讲述了人生充满了遗憾，但可以做一些事来避免遗憾的发生。【16题详解】根据上一句Lifeisfilledwithregrets.可知，生活充满遗憾。故B项：Almostallofushavenodifficultytellingourregrets.(几乎所有人都能毫不费力地说出自己的遗憾。)是对上文的进一步说明，故选B。【17题详解】根据上文Ifyoustarttodosomething,youneedtomakeaplanbeforedoingit.Theearlier,thebetter.可知，如果你开始做某事，你需要在做之前制定一个计划。越早越好。给G项：Youwillknowwhatesfirstandwhateslast.(你也会知道你应该做什么和不应该做什么。)是早做计划的好处，符合本段文意。故选G。【18题详解】根据本段内容Youcangoaroundmoreoften.Moreoutdooractivitiescankeepyourelaxedandactive.Youalsoneedtobekind.可知，要过更积极的生活，故选A。【19题详解】根据前文Afriendmaymakeyourlifeandcanbreakyourlifeaswell.可知朋友的重要，E项：Soyouhavetothinktwicewhenyouchooseafriend.(所以当你选择朋友时，你必须三思而后行)符合文意，故选E。【20题详解】根据前文Everybodyfails.Eventhegreatestpersonfailed.Weshouldnotfearfailure,becausefailureisnottheendoftheroad.可知，每个人都失败。即使是最伟大的人也失败过。我们不应该害怕失败，因为失败不是道路的终点。故C项：Weshouldtakefailureasachanceandimproveourselves.(我们应该以失败为契机，提高自己)承接上文，说明对待失败的态度。故选C。第三部分英语知识运用第一节完形填空(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文。从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Whenshewas16,Joannelearnedthatshewasadopted(收养的)andthatherbirthmotherwasawomannamedLillianandthatshehaddieddaysaftergivingbirthtoher.Feelinghurtandconfused,Joannespentmanynightscrying,____21____whatherbirthmotherhadbeenlike.Andyet,somepartofherbelievedhermotherwasstill____22____.Thedoubts____23____Joanneforyears.In2017,whenJoannewasalready79yearsold,herdaughterinlaw,Shelley,suggestedhertakingaDNA____24____.Shelleythoughtlearningsomethingabouther____25____familymightgiveJoannesome____26____.SoJoannetookthetest,andaboutayearlaterShelleyreceiveda(n)messageonancestryfromamannamedSam,whosegeneticreporthad____27____himwithJoanne.ShelleyimmediatelywrotebacktoSam,asking____28____heknewaLillian.Yes,Samsaid,thatwashismother’sname.Almost____29____,anevenbiggershockcamethatLillianwasalive,atage100.Thefamiliesquicklyplanneda(n)____30____whereLillianlived.Amonthlater,Joannefoundherselfsittingacrossfromthemothershehad____31____inherwholelife,lookingatLillian,whosufferedfromdementia(痴呆症)andusedawheelchair.“Idon’tknowifsherecognizesme,”Joannesaid.ShetoldLillianthatshehadbeen____32____in1940andthatshe’dbeentoldherbirthmotherhad____33____.Noresponse.Joannestartedtocry.Atthatpoint,hermother____34____,asifshehadstartedtounderstand.JoanneexcitedlycontinuedtellingLillianallaboutherchildrenandgrandchildren.Lilliansmiled.ThenshesaidthewordsJoannehadwaitedmorethan60yearstohear:“Thisismy____35____.”21.A.drawing B.hoping C.wondering D.forgetting22.A.young B.ill C.pretty D.alive23.A.bothered B.inspired C.exchanged D.changed24.A.exam B.test C.course D.training25.A.current B.realistic C.effective D.biological26.A.peace B.advice C.worry D.mind27.A.provided B.replaced C.matched D.equipped28.A.why B.how C.when D.whether29.A.immediately B.unbelievably C.naturally D.fortunately30.A.reunion B.speech C.party D.operation31.A.foundout B.gonethrough C.dependedon D.searchedfor32.A.caught B.beaten C.adopted D.cheated33.A.givenup B.runaway C.passedaway D.turnedup34.A.sleptin B.lookedup C.cameout D.tookoff35.A.mother B.daughter C.name D.life【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.D26.A27.C28.D29.B30.A31.D32.C33.C34.B35.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了Joanne从小被收养，在她的儿媳Shelley的帮助下最终和自己的亲生母亲Lillian相认的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Joanne感到被伤害和困惑，她哭了好几个晚上，想知道她的生母是什么样的。A.drawing画，吸引；B.hoping希望；C.wondering想知道；D.forgetting忘记。根据下一段第一句“Thedoubts____3____Joanneforyears.”及下文她寻找亲生母亲可知，此处指想知道亲生母亲长什么样。故选C项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可是，她有点相信她的母亲还活着。A.young年轻的；B.ill生病的；C.pretty漂亮的；D.alive活着的。根据上文“shehaddieddaysaftergivingbirthtoher”可知，有人告诉Joanne她的亲生母亲在生下她几天后就死了，结合本句中的转折词“yet”可知，但她相信亲生母亲还活着，第四段最后一句“Lillianwasalive”也是提示。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些疑虑困扰了Joanne多年。A.bothered使(某人)烦恼(或担忧、不安)；B.inspired激发，鼓舞；C.exchanged交换；D.changed改变。由空前名词doubts和后文寻找亲生母亲可知，关于亲生母亲的疑虑困扰了Joanne多年。故选A项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在2017年，当Joanne已经79岁时，她的儿媳Shelley建议她进行DNA检测。A.exam考试，测验；B.test测验，检测，化验；C.course课程；D.training训练。结合前的DNA和下文“SoJoannetookthetest”可知，此处指DNA检测。故选B项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Shelley认为了解她的亲生家庭可能会给Joanne带来一些平静。A.current当前的；B.realistic现实的；C.effective有效的；D.biological生物学的。由上文可知，Shelley建议Joanne做DNA检测，目的是寻找Joanne的亲生母亲和家庭。故选D项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Shelley认为了解一下她的亲生家庭可能会给Joanne带来一些平静。A.peace平静；B.advice建议；C.worry担心；D.mind思维，大脑。由前文可知，想知道自己的亲生母亲是否还活着的疑惑困扰了Joanne多年，所以此处指了解她的亲生家庭可能会给Joanne带来一些平静。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此Joanne接受了检测，大约一年后Shelley收到ancestry.网站上一个名叫Sam的男人的信息，他的基因报告显示他和Joanne的基因匹配。A.provided提供；B.replaced代替；C.matched匹配；D.equipped装备。由下文“Yes,Samsaid,thatwashismother’sname.”可知，Joanne的母亲Lillian也是Sam的母亲，所以Sam与Joanne的基因匹配。故选C项。【28题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：Shelley立刻回信给Sam，问他是否认识一个叫Lillian的人。A.why为什么；B.how如何；C.when何时；D.whether是否。由下文“Yes,Samsaid,thatwashismother’sname.”可知，此处需用连接词whether“是否”引导宾语从句。故选D项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：几乎令人难以置信，甚至更令人震惊的是，100岁的Lillian还活着。A.immediately立即；B.unbelievably难以置信地；C.naturally自然地；D.fortunately幸运地。根据“anevenbiggershockcamethatLillianwasalive,atage100”可知，Lillian100岁了，还活着，所以此处指令人难以置信地。故选B项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：家人很快计划在Lillian住的地方团聚。A.reunion团聚；B.speech演讲；C.party聚会；D.operation手术。由前文可知，Joanne的生母还活着，结合下一句“Joannefoundherselfsittingacrossfromthemothershehad____11____inherwholelife”可知，Joanne的家人给她们安排了一次团聚。故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一个月后，Joanne发现自己坐在她一生都在寻找的母亲对面，看着Lillian，她患了痴呆症，坐在轮椅上。A.foundout查清，弄明白；B.gonethrough经历；C.dependedon依靠；D.searchedfor寻找。由前文描述可知，Joanne16岁时想知道自己的亲生母亲长什么样，在年事已高时做DNA检测，都是想寻找自己的亲生母亲。故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她告诉Lillian，她是在1940年被人收养的，别人告诉她，她的亲生母亲已经去世了。A.caught抓住；B.beaten打，打败；C.adopted收养；D.cheated欺骗。根据文章第一句“Whenshewas16,Joannelearnedthatshewasadopted”可知，Joanne被别人收养。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她告诉Lillian，她是在1940年被人收养的，别人告诉她，她的亲生母亲已经去世了。A.givenup放弃；B.runaway逃跑；C.passedaway去世；D.turnedup出现，调高。根据第一段中“…thatherbirthmotherwasawomannamedLillianandthatshehaddieddaysaftergivingbirthtoher.”可知，此处指人们告诉Joanne，她的生母去世了。故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这时，她母亲抬起头来，好像已经开始明白了。A.sleptin睡过头；B.lookedup向上看；C.cameout出版；D.tookoff脱下，起飞。由“asifshehadstartedtounderstand”及下文“Lilliansmiled”可知，此处表示Lillian抬起了头，好像听懂了Joanne说的话。故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我的女儿。A.mother妈妈；B.daughter女儿；C.name名字；D.life生活。上文提到Lillian好像开始听懂了Joanne说的话，结合“Joannehadwaitedmorethan60yearstohear”可知，Lillian说的是Joanne60年来最想听见的话，即母亲说，这是我的女儿。故选B项。【点睛】第II卷注意:将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第二节:(共10小题；每题2分，共20分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式（不多于3个单词）。Inwesterncountriestheonlypersonwhomightdaretotellyouthatyouarefatisyour___36___(person)doctor.Thenhewouldprobablytellyouhowtoloseweight.InChina,thereisnosuchinhibition(拘谨)asto___37___(talk)aboutpeople’sweight.It___38___(be)monforChinesetogotoforeigners,saying,“Youarefat.”Whiletalkingwith___39___Chinesefriendaboutthis,shetoldmethatIwaswrongandthatChinesewillnormallysay,“Youaresofat.”Thereareseveralreasons___40___peoplewillsaythis.Firstly,therearen’tmanyfatpeopleinChina.Itisalmosta___41___(curious)toseesomeonefat.Secondly,thereare___42___(few)privateissues.Thirdly,peoplejustfeelfreertospeakexactlywhatisontheirmind.TryfeedingWesterndesserttoAsians___43___youwillalwayshear“toosweet,toosweet”.SomeChinesethinkthatallWesternersarefat.OnceI___44___(play)basketballwhenaguysaid,“Whyareyousoskinny?”IthoughtallpeoplefromAmericawerefat.”PerhapsifmorepeopleinAmericanmentonothers’weight,thenitmighthelpremindpeopletotry____45____(stay)fit.【答案】36.personal37.talking38.is39.a40.why41.curiosity42.fewer43.and44.wasplaying45.tostay【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，不同国家和地域在诸多方面有所不同，针对“肥胖”的表达，中西方文化有差异。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：在西方国家，唯一敢告诉你你胖的人是你的私人医生。此处用形容词personal（私人的）作定语修饰名词doctor。故填personal。【37题详解】考查动名词。句意：在中国，谈论人们的体重是没有这种拘谨的。介词短语asto（谈到、关于），相当于介词about，介词后面用动名词（doing）做宾语。故填talking。【38题详解】考查主谓一致。句意：中国人对外国人说“你很胖”是很常见的。此处缺乏谓语，讲的是事实，用一般现在时，主语It是单数，主谓一致，谓语也用单数。故填is。39题详解】考查冠词。句意：当她和一位中国朋友谈论这个问题时，她告诉我我错了，中国人通常会说，“你太胖了。”此处泛指“一位中国朋友”，Chinese以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a表泛指。故填a。【40题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：为什么人们这样说，有几个原因。此处是定语从句，先行词是severalreasons，在从句中做原因状语，应用关系副词why。故填why。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：看到一个胖子几乎是一个罕见而有趣的事。由前面a可知，此处用名词作表语，curiosity可用作可数名词，表“罕见而有趣的事”。故填curiosity。【42题详解】考查比较级。句意：其次，私人问题较少。由全文语境可知，这里指相对美国来说，在中国，私人问题相对少一些，应用比较级。故填fewer。【43题详解】考查连词。句意：试着给亚洲人吃西餐甜点，你总会听到“太甜了，太甜了”。本句是“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构