2023人教版新教材高中英语选择性必修第四册同步练习-UNIT 3　SEA EXPLORATION

UNIT3SEAEXPLORATION

单元达标检测

（满分:120分;时间:100分钟）

第一部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Peoplearealwaysfullofimaginationaboutthedeepandmysterioussea.However,thewatersknownas

theseaarenotalltheendlessseasaswethink,ormaybebeautifulormagnificentlakes.

TheAralSea

TheAralSeaisaninlandlakethatliestothenorthofUzbekistanandtothesouthofKazakhstan.Its

nameIiterany（按字面）means“theseaofislands“intheTurkiclanguages.

Thus,itsnamereferstothemanyislandsthatdotteditinthepast.AlthoughtheAralSeaoccupiedavast

areaofabout68,000squarekmforalongperiodoftime,it'sbelievedtobelessthan10%ofitsoriginalsize.

TheCaspianSea

TheCaspianSeaisalsoaninlandlake.Oftenregardedasthelargestlakeintheworld,theCaspianSeais

locatedbetweenthecontinentsofAsiaandEurope.TheCaspianSeaisanenclosedwaterbody.Itiscalledthe

“sea"probablybecauseofitsmassivesizeofabout386,400squarekmanditssaltiness.

TheSaltonSea

LocatedinCalifornia,theUS,theSaltonSeaisariftlakethatissaline（咸的）innature.

Severalrivers,creeks,agriculturalrunoff,anddrainagesystemsfeedthislake.TheSaltonSea

encompasses（覆盖）anareaofabout890squarekm,makingitthelargestlakeinCalifornia.

TheSeaofGalilee

TheSeaofGalileeisafreshwaterlakewith"sea"initsname.Itoccupiesanareaof166squarekmin

Israel.Itisthesecond-lowestlakeintheworldaftertheDeadSeawiththesurfaceelevation430.5

metresbelowsealevel.TheJordanRiveristheprimarysourceofwaterfortheSeaofGalilee.Underground

springsalsofeedwatertothelake.

LWhichisthesecondlargestofthefourlakes?

A.TheAralSea.B.TheCaspianSea.

C.TheSaltonSea.D.TheSeaofGalilee.

2.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A.TheAralSeabelongstoTurkey.

B.ThelocationoftheSaltonSeaisCalifornia,theUS.

C.TheCaspianSeaislocatedbetweenthecontinentsofAfricaandEurope.

D.TheprimarysourceofwaterfortheSeaofGalileeisundergroundsprings.

3.Whoisprobablyinterestedinthistext?

A.Astudentwhomajorsinhistory.

B.Someonethatresearchesbiology.

C.Apersonwholikesgeography.

D.Aboywholovessurfing.

B

Theworldwillhavetostartthinkingseriouslytosaveitscoralreefs.Coralsarecomebackcreatures.As

thesealevelroseandfellover30,000years,Australia'sGreatBarrierReef,roughlythesizeofItaly,diedand

revivedfivetimes.Butnow,thankstohumanactivities,coralsfacethemostcomplexconditionstheyhaveyet

hadtodealwith.

AccordingtotheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange,ariseinglobaltemperatureof1.5℃

abovepre-industriallevelcouldcausecoralreefstodeclineby70%一90%.Theplanetisabout1℃hotter

thanthatinthe19thcenturyanditsseasarebecomingwarmer,stormierandmoreacidic.Thisisalready

affectingrelationsbetweencoralsandthesingle-celledalgae（藻类）withwhichtheylivetogether,and

whichgivethemtheircolour.Whenwatersbecomeunusuallywarm,coralspushthealgaeout,leavingreefs

ghostlywhite,whichishappeningfivetimesasoftenasitdidinthe1970s.Meanwhilethechanging

chemistryoftheoceanslowerstheabundanceofcarbonateions（碳酸盐离子）,makingitharderforcoralsto

formtheirskeletons（骨骼）.

Ifcoralsgo,diversandoceanbiologistsarenottheonlypeoplewhowillmissthem.Reefstakeuponly

onepercentoftheseafloor,butsupportaquarteroftheplanet,sfishdiversity.Thefishthatreefsshelterare

especiallyvaluabletotheirpooresthumanneighbours,manyofwhomdependonthemasasourceofprotein.

IntheCoralTriangle,anareaofwaterstretchingacrossSoutheastAsiaandintothePacificwhichishometo

three-quartersofknowncoralspecies,morethan130millionpeoplerelyonreefsforfoodandfortheir

livelihoodinfishingandtourism.

4.Whatcausescoralreefstodecline?

A.Waterpollution.B.Seatourism.

C.Fewspecies.D.Thetemperaturerise.

5.Whatwillaffectthecolourofcorals?

A.Thesingle-celledalgae.

B.Theabundanceofcarbonateions.

C.Theplanet'sfishdiversity.

D.Thechangingchemistryoftheoceans.

6.Wherecanweprobablyreadthepassage?

A.Atravelbrochure.

B.Aliteraturewebsite.

C.Asciencejournal.

D.Ahistoricalfiction.

7.Whatwillthefollowingparagraphprobablytalkabout?

A.Advantagesofcoralreefs.

B.Measurestosavecoralreefs.

C.Effectsofcoralreefdecline.

D.Reasonswhycoralreefsdecline.

C

AnewstudyshowsthattheincreasedheatfromArCtiCd匕极的）riversismakingseaiceintheArctic

Oceangraduallydisappear.ThestudypublishedthisweekinScienceAdvanceswasledbytheJapanAgency

forMarine-EarthScienceandTechnology,togetherwithscientistsintheUnitedStates,theUnitedArab

Emirates,FinlandandCanada.

Accordingtotheresearch,themainArcticriversbringmoreheattotheArcticOceanthantheydidin

1980.RiverheatisoneofthereasonsthatcauseseaicelossoftheArcticOcean.Thatlossisequaltoabout

120,000squaremilesof1-meter-thickice.ςςIfAlaskawerecoveredby1-meter-thickice,20%ofitwould

begone,“explainedIgorPolyakov,aresearcherattheUniversityofAlaskaFairbanks*InternationalArctic

ResearchCenter.

Rivershavethegreatestinfluenceduringspring.ThewarmwaterpoursdowntheicecoveringtheArctic

Oceanandspreadsbelowtheice,slowlydestroyingit.Oncetheseaicemelts,thewarmwatermakesthe

temperaturegoup.Theresearchfoundthatmuchmoreriverheatenergyenteredtheair.Aircirculates,and

thismeansriverheatcaninfluenceareasoftheArcticfarfromriverdeltas（三角洲）.

TheinfluenceisthemostPrOminentintheSiberianArctic,whereseverallargeriversgointotheArctic

Ocean.Canada,sMackenzieRiveristheonlyriverlargeenoughtocontributetotheseaicemeltnearAlaska,

butthestate'ssmallerriversarealsoasourceofheat.Polyakovsaysthatrisingglobalairtemperatureswill

continuetowarmArcticriversinthefuture.Asriversheatup,morewarmwaterwillflowintotheArctic

Ocean,meltingmoreseaice.

8.WhatdoestheincreasedheatfromArcticriverscause?

A.DryweatherintheArctic.

B.AstrangediseaseintheArctic.

C.ThegraduallossofseaiceintheArcticOcean.

D.ThedeathoffishintheArcticOcean.

9.WhatcanweIeamfromParagraph2?

A.Alaskawilldisappear.

B.There'smoreandmoreseaiceintheArcticOcean.

C.10%oftheseaiceintheArcticOceanmeltseachday.

D.ArcticriversbringmoreheattotheArcticOcean.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prominent“inParagraph4mean?

A.Obvious.BJmportant.C.Famous.D.Generous.

1LWhatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.ArcticRiversWillDisappear

B.ArcticRiversAreMeltingtheArcticSeaIce

C.ArcticRiversWillCreateaNewRiverDelta

D.ArcticRiversBringMoreSeaAnimalstotheArcticOcean

D

EscapingPredatorS（食肉动物）,digestionandotheranimalactivities-includingthoseofhumans一

requireoxygen.Butthatessentialingredientisnolongersoeasyformarinelifetoobtain,severalnewstudies

reveal.

Inthepastdecadeoceanoxygenlevelshavetakenadive-analarmingtrendthatislinkedtoclimate

change,saysAndreasOschlies,anoceanographerattheGEOMARHelmholtzCentreforOceanResearch

KielinGermany,whoseteamtracksoceanoxygenlevelsworldwide.ςςWearesurprisedbytheintensityofthe

changeswesee,howrapidlythecontentofoxygenisgoingdownintheoceanandhowlargetheeffectson

themarineecosystemare,“hesays.Itisnosurprisetoscientiststhatwarmingoceansarelosingoxygen,but

thescaleofthedropcallsforurgentattention.Oceanoxygenlevelsinsometropical（热带的）regionshave

droppedbyanastonishing40percentinthelast50years,somerecentstudiesreveal.Levelshavedropped

lesssignificantlyelsewhere,withanaveragelossof2percentglobally.

Awarmingoceanlosesoxygenfortworeasons:First,thewarmertheliquidbecomes,thelessgasitcan

hold.Thatiswhycarbonateddrinksgoflatfasterwhenleftinthesun.Second,aspolarseaicemelts,itforms

alayerofwaterabovethecolder,saltierseawater.Thisprocesscreatesasortoflidthatcankeepcurrents

frommixingsurfacewaterwiththewaterinthedepths.Andbecausealloxygenentersthesurface,less

mixingmeanslessofitinthedepths.

Oceananimals,largeandsmall,however,respondtoevenslightchangesinoxygenbyseekingrefuge（Jtt

护）inzoneswiththehigheroxygencontentorbyadjustingbehavior,Oschliesandothersinhisfieldhave

found.Theseadjustmentscanexposeanimalstonewpredatorsorforcethemintofood-scarceregions.

Climatechangealreadyposesseriousproblemsformarinelife,suchasoceanacidification（酸化）,but

deoxygenationisthemostpressingissuefacingseaanimalstoday,Oschliessays.uAftera∏,“hesays,ς4they

allhavetobreathe.”

Asidefromfoodwebproblems,animalsfacevariousotherphysiologicalchallengesastheirbodiesadjust

toloweroxygenlevels.ChineseShrimPS（虾）movetheirtailslessvigorouslytopreserveenergyinlower

oxygenenvironments.Somecreatures,suchasjellyfishes,aremoretolerantofthelowoxygencontentthan

others.Butallanimalswillfeeltheimpactofdeoxygenationbecausetheyallhaveevolvedtheiroxygen

capacityforareason,saysOschlies.ςςAnydropinoxygenisgoingtodamagesurvivabilityandperformance,,,

hesays.

12.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,whatworriesscientiststhemost?

A.Theworseningdeoxygenationinthewarmingocean.

B.Thesurvivalofpredatorsandvariousothermarineanimals.

C.Thealarminglychangeableoxygenlevelsintheocean.

D.Thelackofattentiontothewarmingoftropicaloceans.

13.Whichofthefollowingisareasonfortheoxygenlossintheocean?

A.Themeltofthepolariceconsumesmuchoxygenintheocean.

B.Globalwarmingreducestheamountofoxygenintheair.

C.Thepolaricewateronthesurfacepreventsoxygengoingdown.

D.Saltywaterholdslessgasintheincreasinglywarmerocean.

14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Oceandeoxygenationchangessomeanimals1naturalterritories.

B.Oceanacidificationisamoreseriousproblemthandeoxygenation.

C.Notalloceananimalsaredisturbedbythedecreasingoxygenlevels.

D.Someanimalsreducetheirmovementsinordertoabsorbmoreoxygen.

15.Wheredoesthepassagemostprobablycomefrom?

A.Abiologytextbook.

B.Arealisticnovel.

C.Abookreview.

D.AScientificjournal.

第二节（共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

AslongasWehavebeenonearth,Wehaveusedtheseaaroundus.Wetakethingsfromthesea,andwe

shouldgivethingstoit.

Wetakefishfromthesea—millionsofkilogramsoffish,everyyear—tofeedbillionsofpeople.16

Wetakemineralsfromthesea.Onewaytogetsaltistoplaceseawaterinashallowbasinandleaveituntilit

evaporates（蒸发）.17Muchgoldandsilverdissolve（溶解）inthewaterofthesea,too.Buttheseadoes

notgivethemupbysimpleevaporation.Othergiftsfromtheseaarepearls,spongesandseaweed.Pearls

becomejewelry.18Seaweedbecomesmanykindsoffoods-evencandyandicecream-aswellas

medicine.Believeitornot,freshwaterisanothergiftfromthesea.Wecannotdrinkseawater.19But

seawaterbecomesfreshwaterwhenthesaltandotherimpuritiesareremoved.Inthefuture,wewillfind

ourselvesdependingmoreandmoreonfreshwaterfromthesea.

Theseagivesusfood,fertilizer,minerals,water,andothergifts.WhatdoWegivetothesea?Garbage._

20Hugeasitis,theseacannotholdallthewaterthatwepourintoit.Dumpinggarbageintotheseais

killingoffsealife.Yetastheworldpopulationgrows,wemayneedtheseaanditsgiftsmorethanever.

Wearefinallylearningthatifwedestroyoursea,Wemightalsodestroyourselves.Hopefully,itisnot

toolate.

A.Naturalspongesbecomecleaningaids.

B.Wepollutetheseawhenweuseitasagarbagedump.

C.Theareaoftheseaisbecomingsmallerandsmaller.

D.Alongwithsalt,othermineralsareleftafterevaporation.

E.Weevenusetheirbonesforfertilizer.

F.Someofitsingredientsmaycauseillness.

G.Wetakealotfromtheseaandgivelittletothesea.

16.17.18.19.20.

第二部分语言运用（共两节,满分30分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）

阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Myjourneytoisolation（隔离）wassomewhataccidental.

Isawanadvertisementforajobasaleaderforanexpedition（探险）toAntarctica-andIhaveto21

itwasthepenguinintheadthat22myattention.Theadnotedthattheywerelookingforsomeoneto

leada23ofexpeditionersinoneofthemost24andisolatedplacesontheplanet.Itookpartinan_

25andthengotajobthatIknewIwouldregretifIdidn't26it.Leading18strangersforafullyear一

throughmonthsofdarknessandwithno27fromthefreezingcold-Ilearnedsome28lessons.

Afterthejourney,Iwrotetwobest-sellingbooksandbecameamotivationalspeaker.Beinginisolation

meantIhadtodolotsofself29.1kepta30,andeverydayIwouldthink31ofhowIhad

operatedasaleader.Thatdisciplineof32myselftaughtmehowtotellrightfromwrong.

Ioftenthinkbackto33Isawthepictureofthepenguinthat34metolookattheadforthejob.

It,samomentthat35mylifecompletely.

21.A.admitB.believe

C.indicateD.realize

22.A.demandedB.deserved

C.caughtD.needed

23.A.kindB.sum

C.teamD.piece

24.A.awfulB.remote

C.promisingD.disturbing

25.A.experimentBJnterview

C.election0.investigation

26.A.makeforB.preparefor

C.registerforD.gofor

27.A.escapeB.departure

C.protection0.direction

28.A.hardB.powerful

C.privateD.terrible

29.A.serviceB.repair

C.studyD.reflection

30.A.petB.secret

Cjournal0.promise

31.A.clearlyB.carefulIy

C.highlyD.badly

32.A.evaluatingB.forgiving

C.behavingD.enjoying

33.A.whereB.why

C.whenD.how

34.A.enabledB.permitted

C.allowed0.inspired

35.A.improved

B.formed

C.ended

D.changed

第二节（共10小题:每小题1.5分,满分15分）

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

TheyoungPerceBlackborow36(desperate)anticipatedanadventure.37(join)theexpedition,

hesecretlyhidhimselfinacupboardafterSirEmestShackletonturneddownhisrequest.Astheyapproached

Antarctica,theshipEndurancegot38(stick)intheice.Theyhadtoabandontheshipandreachedthe

uninhabitedElephantIsland.Later,theygotintoadifficultsituation39theywerecrowdedtogether

underaboatontherockyshoreofthemiserableplace.Toseekhelp,Shackletondeparted,40(lead)a

teaminalifeboat.Fortheremainingcrew,stayingalivetookalltheirtimeandenergy.Whiletheywerebored

41allmeatofseacreatures,theyknewif42hadn'tbeenforseaanimals,theywouldallhavestarved.

Itwasfourmonthsbeforetheywerefinallyrescued.ItwasShackleton'sperseveranceand43(commit)

thatsavedthemfromaslowbut44(pain)death.Theexpedition45(consider)asuccessfulfailureat

thattime.

36.37.38.39.40.

41.42.43.44.45.

第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分1

第一节（满分15分）

假定你是李华,你从网上得知某海洋馆正在招聘兼职英语解说员,你很感兴趣。请你根据以下要点

提示给负责人写一封信,申请该职位。

1.表明写信的目的；

2.阐述申请理由；

3.期待回复。

注意：1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

参考词汇:解说员narrator

DearSir/Madam,

Yours,

LiHua

第二节(满分25分)

阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Balthazarismypride.ItisaFrenchbrasserie(⅛tg)inNewYorkCity.Ihaverunitfortwentyyears.

Thoughitisintendedtoattractpeoplefromallwalksoflife,mostofitsregularcustomersarethosewhowork

inthecompaniesalongsideWallStreet.

OnenightatBalthazar,fourWallStreetbusinessmenorderedtherestaurant'smostexpensiveredwine:a

bottleofChateauMoutonRothschild,themostfamousbrandofBordeaux,whichwasworth$2,000.Oneof

thetwowaiterstransferredtheBordeauxintoafancyglasscontaineratthewaiter'scounter.

Meanwhile,ayoungcoupleorderedtherestaurant'scheapestredwine,an$18PinotNoir.Usually,

peoplewhoorderedthePinotNoirpouredthewinedirectlyintotheirglasses,butthiscoupleinsistedthewine

bepouredintoafancyglasscontainerbeforetheydrank.

Thesetwoverydifferentwineswerenowinthesamecontainers.

Mistakingthe$18PinotNoirforthe$2,000Rothschild,thefirstwaiterpouredthecheapwineforthe

businessmen.Thebusinessmantreatingtheotherthreeconsideredhimselfawineexpert.Hetookatasteof

thecheapwinefirst,andshowingoff,heburstintodelightaboutitspurity.ςςFantastic!,,heclaimed.

Theyoungcouple,whoorderedthe$18PinotNoir,werethenunintentionallyservedthe$2,000

Rothschildbythesecondwaiter.Ontakingtheirfirstdrinkofwhattheybelievedwasthecheapwine,they

jokinglypretendedtobedrinkinganexpensivewineandcopiedallthebehaviorsofawineexpert,shakingthe

wineglasses,observingtheliquidinsideandtastingitslowly,totallyfascinated.

Fiveminuteslater,thetwowaitersdiscoveredtheirerror,andhorrified,phonedmeathome.

注意:续写词数应为150左右。

Paragraph1:

Irushedintomyrestaurant^

Paragraph2:

Aftercomfortingthewaiters,Iwalkeddirectlytowardsthebusinessmenwitha$2,000Rothschild.

答案与解析

UNIT3SEAEXPLORATION

第一部分阅读

第4≠r一-”M-

A

◎语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个被称为海洋的湖泊。

1.A细节理解题。根据TheAralSea中的“avastareaofabout68,000...itsoriginalsize”可知,咸海占据不

到68,000平方公里的10%,也就是说它的面积不到6,800平方公里;又根据TheCaspianSea中的“sizeof

about386,400squarekm”、TheSaltonSea中的“anareaofabout890squarekm”和TheSeaofGalilee中的

“anareaof166squarekm”可知,面积第二大的是咸海(TheAralSea)o故选Ao

2.B细节理解题。根据TheSaltonSea中的“LocatedinCalifornia,theUS...innature.”可知,索尔顿湖位于

美国加利福尼亚州。故选B。

3.C推理判断题。根据第一段中的“However,thewatersknownastheseaarenotalltheendless

seas...magnificentlakes.”以及下文介绍的几个被称为海洋的湖泊可知,本文介绍的是有关海洋、湖泊等

地理方面的知识.故可推断出喜欢地理的人会对该文章感兴趣。故选C0

B

◎语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了全球气温的上升导致珊瑚礁数量的减少以及珊瑚礁的减少

对人类的影响。

4.D细节理解题。根据第二段的“ariseinglobaltemperatureof1.5℃...declineby70%—90%”可知,全球

气温上升导致珊瑚礁数量减少。故选D。

5.A细节理解题。根据第二段的“Thisisalreadyaffectingrelations...whichgivethemtheirColOUr.”可知,

单细胞藻类赋予了珊瑚虫颜色.也就是说珊瑚虫的颜色是由单细胞藻类影响的。故选Ao

6.C推理判断题。文章讲述了全球气温的上升导致了珊瑚礁的减少以及珊瑚礁的减少对人类的影响，

因此本文很可能来自科学期刊。故选C

7.B推理判断题。根据线索:全球气温上升一珊瑚礁数量下降一对鱼类多样性以及人类生活产生影响,

故可推断接下来作者很可能讨论解决方案或应对策略及措施。故选Bo

C

◎语篇解读这是一篇说明文。研究表明,北极河流的热量上升正在导致北冰洋的海冰逐渐消融。

8.C细节理解题。根据第一段的“Anewstudy...graduallydisappear.”可知匕极河流的热量上升导致北

冰洋的海冰逐渐消融。故选C。

9.D细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知相比1980年,北极的主要河流给北冰洋带来了更多的热量.

故选D。

10.A词义猜测题。根据第一段的描述可知,北极河流的热量上升导致北冰洋的海冰逐渐消融:根据画

线单词后面的内容可知,在西伯利亚北极地区,有几条大河流入北冰洋。因为北极河流的热量使」版海

冰融化,而西伯利亚北极地区有好几条大河流入北冰洋,所以在西伯利亚北极地区,河流对北冰洋海冰的

影响是明显的,prominent意为"明显的”,故选A0

ILB主旨大意题。阅读文章首句再结合全文内容可知本文主要介绍了北极河流正在融化北极海冰的

情况。“北极河流正在融化北极海冰”最适合作为文章标题。故选B。

D

◎语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章指出,海洋氧含量下降是一个与气候变化相关的令人担忧的趋势。

12.A细节理解题。由第二段后三句可知,对于科学家来说,变暖的海洋正在失去氧气并不奇怪,但下降

的幅度需要引起人们的注意。研究表明,在过去的50年里.一些热带地区的海洋氧含量下降了惊人的

40%,其他地区的降幅较小,全球平均降幅为2%。所以.科学家最担心的是变暖的海洋中日益恶化的脱氧

现象。故选A。

13.C细节理解题。第三段说明了变暖的海洋缺氧的两点原因,分别是:一、液体温度越高,它能容纳的

气体就越少;二、当极地海冰融化时,它会在更冷、更咸的海水上形成一层水。这个过程会形成一种类

似盖子的东西,它可以防止水流将表面的水与海洋深处的水混合。因为所有的氧气都进入表面,所以较

少的混合就意味着海洋深处的氧含量更少。所以表面的极地冰水阻止氧气下沉是海洋缺氧的原因之一。

故选C。

14.A推理判断题。由第四段前两句可知QSehIieS和他所在领域的其他人发现,无论大小,海洋动物对

氧气的微小变化都有反应,它们在氧含量较高的区域寻求庇护或调整行为。这些调整可能使动物暴露在

新的食肉动物面前,或迫使它们进入食物匮乏的地区。所以海洋氧含量减少迫使动物离开自己的栖息地,

去氧气含量较高的地区寻求庇护。故推断出海洋脱氧改变了一些动物的自然领域。故选A。

15.D推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章说明了海洋氧含量下降是一个与气候变化有关的令人担忧的趋

势,还说明了海洋氧含量下降的原因以及其对海洋生物的影响。所以文章主要是围绕着海洋氧含量下降

而展开的。而这属于科学的范畴,所以可推测出该文很可能来自科学期刊。

第一"P

◎语篇解读这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了我们越来越依赖海洋的资源,但是我们却不断地污染海

洋,作者希望人们减少海洋污染。

16.E根据空前句可知,我们每年从海洋中捞取数百万千克的鱼,来养活数十亿人。由此推断空处讲述

海洋中的鱼对人类的好处,故选E项。倒数第二段提到的fertilizer也是对此处的提示。

17.D根据空前两句可知,人们从海洋中提取矿物,一种方式是通过蒸发海水获得盐,故D项承接上文关

于从海水中获得盐的描述,符合题意。故选D。

18.A根据空前两句可知,来自海洋的其他礼物是珍珠、海绵和海藻。珍珠可以被制成珠宝,空后句说

海藻可以被制成多种食物（甚至糖果和冰激凌）以及药品。故设空处应讲海绵的用途。结合选项,A项符

合题意。故选A。

19.F根据空前句可知.人不能喝海水,而空后句表明去掉海水中的盐和其他杂质就能得到淡水。空处

应该承接上文,讲喝海水的不良影响,F项符合题意。故选Fo

20.B本段主要讲述了人们对海洋的污染。根据空前两句可知.人们给海洋带来了垃圾,污染了海洋,B

项承上启下,符合题意。故选B。

第二部分语言运用

第4≠r一-”M-

◎语篇解读这是一篇记叙文,讲了作者带领探险队员去南极洲探险.度过了数月的严寒和黑暗。

2LA根据最后一段中的“…Isawthepictureofthepenguinthat34metolookattheadforthejob."可

知,作者看到企鹅的照片之后才看到工作的广告,由此可知,作者承认是招聘广告中的企鹅照片引起了他

的注意。故选A。

22.C根据最后一段中的”...metolookattheadforthejob.”可知,此处表示引起了“我”的注意。故选C0

23.Ckind种类;SUm金额;team队,组;PieCe块。根据第二段中的“Leading18StrangerS…”可知,18个人应

为一队。故选C。

24.B根据本段首句“Isawanadvertisementforajobasaleaderforanexpedition（探险）toAntaretiCa…''可

知,作者看到一则招聘南极洲探险队领队的广告,而南极洲是地球上最偏远的地方之一。古攵选Bo

25.B根据上文的“Itookpartin”以及下文的“andthengotajob”可知,作者参加了面试,然后得到了工作。

故选B。

26.D根据第三段的“Afterthejourney”可知作者得到了这份去南极洲的工作。由此推断出“我知道如

果我不去做,我会后悔的。”故选D。

27.A上文提及“monthsofdarkness”可知,南极洲处于黑暗状态,是非常寒冷的,此处指无法摆脱寒冷。

故选A。

28.B根据第三段首句可知,探险归来后,作者成了一名励志演说家。故作者在探险过程中,学到了很多

有影响力的教训。故选B。

29.D根据下文的“everydayIwouldthink31ofhowIhadoperatedasaIeader”可知膈离意味着必须

做大量的自我反省。古嬷E

30.C上文提及作者探险归来后.写了两本畅销书并成了一名励志演说家,在隔离期间做了大量的自我

反省。根据下文“andeverydayIwouldthink...asaIeader”可知,作者每天都会进行自我反省。所以这里

用keptajournal表示'写日记”,符合语境。故选Co

31.B根据下文的“howIhadoperatedasaIeader”可知作为探险队的领队作者做每一ZiS夬策都要仔细

地思考。故选B。

32.A上文提到作者在探险中做大量的自我反思以及写日记等,这些工作有利于作者自我评价。故选A0

33.C根据下文的“星SamOment”可知,作者回忆的是看到招聘广告的那个时候。故选C。

34.D第二段提及作者承认是广告中企鹅的照片吸引了他的注意。由此推断出广告上的企鹅图片激发

了作者对招聘广告的兴趣。故选D。

35.D根据文章开头,作者完全是因为偶然看到了那则招聘广告,然后才踏上探险之旅。作者探险归来

后,写了两本畅销书并成了一名励志演说家。故就在看到广告的那一刻,作者的生活彻底地改变了。故

选D。

∆第≠r一------”-b+-

◎语篇解读本文为记叙文,讲述了Shackleton所带领的船队在探险时遇到了危险,在Shackleton的坚持

不懈和奉献下大家最终得救了。

36.desperately考查副词。修饰动词anticipated需要用副词。故填desperately。

37.Tojoin考查不定式。句子的谓语动词为hid,所以join要以非谓语动词形式出现。根据句意可知,此

处表达“为了加入探险队”,故用不定式作目的状语。故填Tojoin0

38.stuck考查过去分词。主句主语theshipEndurance和StiCk为被动关系,故用“get+过去分词”表示被

动。故填StUCk(J