Unit+4+Natural+disasters+单元知识点 高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

1.

rescue

vt.营救；救援(1)把某人从......营救出来:rescuesbfromrescue

n.营救；救援(2)进行营救:attemptarescue(3)设法（实行）营救:make/performarescue

(4)他答应在我有危险的时候会来救我。HepromisedtocometomyrescueifIwasindanger.

2.

damage

vt.损坏、迫害。n.损失；损害

(1)弥补损失:recoveradamage(2)赔偿损失:payfordamage(3)遭受损失、蒙受损害:sufferdamage(4)洪水对庄稼造成重大的损毁。Theflooddid/causedgreatdamagetothecrop.3.survive

vi.生存；存活vt幸存、艰难度过(1)靠......活下来；靠......生存:surviveon(2)比某人多活......survivesbby(3)在这次空难中没有人幸免于难。Nobodysurvivedthedisaster.→

survivor

n.幸存者；生还者

4.

destroy

vt.摧毁；毁灭(1)你的话会破坏孩子的自信心。Yourwordswilldestroyyourchild’sconfidence.(2)我们不能再继续破坏环境了。Wecan’tcontinuetodestroytheenvironment.→

destruction

n.破坏；毁灭5.affect

vt影响;（疾病）侵袭；深深打动；使感染（疾病）(1)我们被他的真诚深深打动。Wewereaffectedbyhissincerity.(2)如今科技极大地影响了我们的生活。Nowadaystechnologyhasgreatlyaffectedourlife.→

effect

n.影响；效果；结果6.sheltern避难所；居所；庇护vt保护掩蔽躲避(1)那棵大树使我们免受大雨的侵袭.Thebigtreeshelteredusfromtheheavyrain.(2)这个计划是为无家可归的人提供住所。Theplanistoprovideshelterforthehomeless.7.ruin

vt.破坏；毁坏(1)毁掉某人的希望、健康:ruinoneshope/healthruin

n.破坏；毁坏(2)坍塌fallintoruin(3)灾难过后，一切都成了废墟。Afterthedisaster,everythingwasinruins.

8.shock

n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克

shock

vt.

使震惊(1)文化冲击:cultureshock(2)震惊；吃惊:inshock(3)对......感到吃惊:beshockedat/by...(4)我们非常震惊地得知我们喜爱的这位作家已经去世。Wewereshockedtolearnthatourfavoritewriterhadpassedaway9.

trap

vt.使落入险境；是陷入圈套n陷阱；险境(1)用......捕捉；使困于......:trapsb/sthinsth(2)诱骗某人使之采取某种行动:trapsbintosth/doing(3)震后，很多人被困于废墟下。Afterearthquake,manypeopleweretrappedundertheruins.

10.

bury

vt.埋葬；安葬(1)专心于（某事）：陷入，沉浸于；藏于:bury…in...(2)埋头于；专心于buryoneselfin...(4)她以手掩面，痛哭起来。Sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandcriedbitterly,11.effort

n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力(1)努力做某事:makeaneffort/effortstodosth(2)不遗余力:sparenoeffort(3)值得努力:beworththeeffort(4)毫不费力地:withouteffort(5)他努力地说英语。HespokeinEnglishwitheffort.

12.

suffer

vt.遭受；蒙受（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦

(1)遭受:sufferfrom(2)遭受疼痛:sufferpain(3)他们公司去年生意亏损。Theircompanysufferedlossinbusinesslastyear,→

suffering

n.痛苦；苦难13.

supply

n.供应量；补给；补给品vt.供应；供给(1)食物供应foodsupply(2)供应不足inshortsupply(3)提供给某人某物supplysbwithsth(4)把某物提供给某人supplysthtosb(5)这家商店向顾客提供各种商品。Theshopsuppliesallkindsofgoodstocustomers.

14.

power

n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力(1)某人有权、能力withinone’spower(2)掌权comeintopower(3)有权力做某事havethepowertodosth(4)停电powerfailure

→

powerful

adj.强有力的；强大的15.calm

n.镇静的；沉着的vt.使平静；使镇静(1)保持冷静:stay/keep/remaincalm她在危险面前能保持镇静。Shecankeepcalminthefaceofdanger.

(2)使某人镇静下来:calmsbdown→

calmlyadv.

平静地；冷静地16.aid

n.援助；帮助；救援物资

v.帮助；援助(1)（对某人）实施急救do/give/offer/perform/carryoutfirstaid(2)帮某人的忙cometotheaidofsb(3)为了帮助:inaidof(4)在......的帮助下:withtheaidof(5)帮助某人做某事:aidsbindoingsth/aidsbtodosth(6)在某方面帮助某人:aidsbwithsth17.sweep

vt/vi.打扫；清扫(swept

swept)(1)消灭；彻底清除:sweepaway(2)打扫干净，清扫干净:sweepout(3)席卷；轻易通过:

sweepthrough(4)打扫；清扫:sweepup(5)晚会结束后，她被留下来打扫卫生。Shewaslefttosweepupaftertheparty.

18.wave

n

海浪；波浪

(1)一波......，一阵......awaveofwave

vt/vi挥手；招手(2)向......挥手:waveat/to...她从街对面向我招手。Shewavedatmefromacrossthestreet.(3)挥手告别:waveoff→

wavy

adj波浪形的19.

strike

vt/vi.侵袭；突击；击打n.罢工；罢课；袭击(1)打一个男孩:strikeaboy(2)钟敲了十二下:striketwelve(3)打击敌人:striketheenemy(4)某人忽然想起:Itstrikessbthat…例句：我忽然想起家里一个人也没有。Itstruckmethattherewasnooneathome.(5)开始罢工、罢课:be/goonstrike20.

deliver.vt递送，传达，发表

→

delivery

n递送，分娩(1)发货:deliverthegoods(2)作报告:deliveraspeech(3)接生:deliverababy(4)送某人到家:delivertosb’shouse21.

summary

n.总结；概括→

summarize

vt概述；总结(1)…的摘要、总结:summaryof(2)作总结:makeasummary(3)总的来说，总之:insummary总之，这次运动取得了巨大的成功。Insummary,thecampaignhasbeenagreatsuccess.

22.

effect

n.影响，效果→

effective

adj.有效的；生效的(1)实行:bring/putsthintoeffect(2)产生效果:bringabouteffect(3)生效；开始实施:comeintoeffect/takeeffect(4)实际上；事实上:ineffect(5)从......起开始生效:witheffectfrom23.

length

n.长；长度→

lengthen

v（使）变长(1)最后，最终:atlength(2)长度:inlength.(3)十分详尽地:atgreat/fulllength.(4)桌子的长度是它的宽度的两倍。Thelengthofthetableistwiceitsbreadth.24.intheopenair

露天；在户外(1)乘飞机:byair(2)在传播中:intheair