上海市金山区2022年高一《英语》上学期期末试卷与参考答案

上海市金山区2022年高一《英语》上学期期末试卷及答案I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandaquestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Inabank.B.Inahospital.C.Atahotel.D.Inaschool.2.A.Doctorandpatient.B.Husbandandwife.C.Studentandteacher.D.Shopassistantandcustomer.3.A.Thismorning.B.Tomorrow.C.Nextmonth.D.NextWednesday.4.A.Transfertoanewdepartment.B.Takeaweekofffromstudying.C.Takeawalkonthecampus.D.Askforhelpfrommorepeople.5.A.Putherreportonhisdesk.B.Improvesomepartsofherpaper.C.Mailherreporttotheprofessor.D.Readsomepapersherecommended.6.A.Shethoughtitafailure.B.Shethoughtitexcellent.C.Shethoughtitawasteoftime.D.Shethoughteveryoneenjoyedit.7.A.Heisonadiet,too.B.Hedecidestofollowher.C.Headmiresthewoman’sdetermination.D.Hethinksit’saverygoodchoiceforher.8.A.Shehasgoteverythingready.B.Sheneedsmoretimeforpacking.C.Shehatespackingbyherself.D.Sheneverhesitatesoverwhattotake.9.A.Themanisrunningastore.B.Itisnotconvenienttogetbreadatnight.C.Theconveniencestoreopensdayandnight.D.Theconveniencestoreisfarawayfromhome.10.A.Themanishavinganinterview.B.Themanisgoodatprogramming.C.Thewomanischeckingtheman’sidentity.D.Thewomanbelievesthemanisresponsible.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Gas.B.Solarenergy.C.Alcohol.D.Electricity.12.A.Roadconditions.B.Newtrafficrules.C.Airtrafficconditions.D.Trafficjamsonhighways.13.A.Gothroughahealthcheck.B.Carrylittleluggage.C.Arriveearlyforboarding.D.Havesecuritychecks.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Itservesasasuitablegift.B.Itstrengthensbusinessrelations.C.Ithelpsimprovethestateofmind.D.Itworksasaneffectivemedicine.15.A.Heknowstheimportanceofresearch.B.Helearnsfromshopsofsimilartypes.C.Hehasthesupportofmanybignames.D.Hehasalotofmarketingexperience.16.A.TheCocoaSeries.B.TheForeignSeries.C.TheAlcoholSeries.D.TheSichuanSeries.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Whetherthegameisthehottestmobilegame.B.Whetherthegameaffectschildren’sgrowth.C.Whetherthegameincludessomewronghistory.D.Whetherthegameisanicegamefortheyoung.18A.Thegamemakespeoplecrazy.B.Thegameisverypopularamongus.C.Thegamewasquestionedbyofficials.D.Thegametakesupmuchofoursparetime.19.A.Ithelpspeoplelearntosetgoals.B.Ithelpspeoplelearntocontroltime.C.Ithelpspeoplelearntofightforsuccess.D.Ithelpspeoplelearntocooperatewithothers.20.A.Thewaytoplaythisgame.B.Theimportanceofthisgame.C.Theadvantagesofthisgame.D.Thedisadvantagesaboutthisgame.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherent.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword.Fortheotherblanks,fillineachblankwithoneproperword.Makesurethatyouranswersaregrammaticallycorrect.SensoryMarketingWhenyouwalkintoabakery,themeresmellfromtheovenisoftenenoughtoinviteyoutopurchasesweets.Thesights,sounds,andsmellsofthemodernmarketplacearerarelyaccidents.Morelikely,theyaretoolsofastrategyofpsychologicalmarketingcalled“sensorymarketing”____1____(design)towinyourheartand,mostofall,yourdollars.“Sensorymarketing”isanadvertisingmethod.Itisintendedtoappealtooneormoreofthefivehumansensesofsight,hearing,smell,taste,andtouch____2____(create)anemotionalassociationwithaspecificproductorbrand.Sensorybrandingdatesbacktothe1940s,____3____marketersbeganexploringtheroleofsightinadvertising.Atthetime,themainformsofvisualadvertisingwereprintedpostersandbillboards,andresearch____4____(focus)ontheeffectsofvariouscolorsandfonts(字体)withinthem.AstelevisionbeganfindingitswayintovirtuallyeveryAmericanhome,advertisersbeganappealingtoconsumers’senseofsound.____5____(note)thegrowingpopularityofaromatherapy(芳香疗法)anditsconnectiontocolortherapy,marketersbeganresearchingtheuseofsmellinadvertisingandbrandpromotionduringthe1970s.Theyfoundthatcarefullyselectedscents____6____maketheirproductsmoreappealingtoconsumers.Morerecently,retailers____7____(see)thatcertainnicesmellsthroughouttheirstorescouldincreasesales.Thepopularityofmulti-sensorymarketingisontherise.Asanapproachthatappealstothesensesinsteadoflogic,sensorymarketingcanaffectpeopleinawaythattraditionalmassmarketingcannot.Classicmassmarketingworksonthebeliefthatpeople-asconsumers-willbehavereasonably____8____facedwithpurchasingdecisions.Sensorymarketing,bycontrast,assumesthatconsumerswillactaccordingtotheiremotionaldesiremorethantotheirobjectivereasoning.Inthisway,aneffectivesensorymarketingeffortcanresultinconsumerschoosingtobuyacertainproduct,____9____anequalbutlessexpensivealternative.Today,themostsuccessfulsensorymarketingcampaignsappealtomultiplesenses.Themoresensesappealedto,_____10_____(effective)thebrandingandadvertisingwillbe.Twomajorbrandsnotedfortheirmulti-sensorymarketingcampaignsareAppleandStarbucks.答案：1.designed2.tocreate3.when4.focused##wasfocused5.Noting6.could7.haveseen8.when9.ratherthan10.themoreeffectiveSectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.affordB.attentionC.beneficialD.incrediblyE.lowersF.memoryG.oppositeH.priorityI.regularlyJ.scheduleK.significantHowDoesExerciseImproveAcademicPerformance?Youalreadyknowthatregularexerciseisimportantforcontrollingweightandavoidingavarietyofhealthconditions.Butitcanalsoimproveyouracademicperformance.Asanexpertsaid,“Whatweknowisthatstudentswhoexercise____11____,atleast3timesaweek,graduateathigherratesthanthosewhodonotexercise.”It’stemptingtothinkyou’resobusythatyoucan’t____12____toexercise.However,theexact____13____istrue:youwillhavetodealwithmanyproblemsbecauseoflackofexercise.Evenifyoucan’tspare30minutes,5-or10-minuteexercisesduringthecourseofthedaycouldmakea____14____differenceinyouracademicperformance.Five-minutewalkingeveryhourhadapositiveimpactonmood,fatigue(极度疲劳),andhungerattheendofaday.Thismaybeparticularly____15____tostudentswhoalsoworkafull-timejobandstudyintheeveningandnighttimehours.Exercise____16____stressandanxietywhileincreasingfocus.AstudybyresearchersattheUniversityofIllinoisfoundthatphysicalactivityincreasedtheabilityofelementaryschoolstudentstopay____17____,andalsoincreasedtheiracademicperformance.Exercisealsoimprovesacademicperformanceinotherways.1.Exerciserequirestimemanagement.Arrangingforexerciseforcesstudentstoalso____18____studytimeandthisteachesthemtheimportanceofblocktiming,andurgesthemtogive____19____totheirstudies.2.Exercisereducesstress.Thesereductionsareveryimportanttostudents,becausetoomuchstressisbadtomemoryproductionandyourabilitytoseep:twokeythingsneededtoscorehighonexams.3.Exerciseleadstoabetterqualityofsleep.Bettersleepmeansmovingyourstudiesfromshorttermtolongterm_____20_____duringREM,aperiodofsleep.Thatway,ontestdayyourememberthattinyfactthatgetsyouthescoresyouneed.答案：11.I12.A13.G14.K15.C16.E17.B18.J19.H20.FIII.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Atthestartofeveryvacation,manyparentsspendtheirtimewondering:Whatwillthechildrendo?WhenIwasachildinthe1950s,theanswerwaseasy.Thechildrenwouldplay.Weplayedfeelywithotherchildren,inourownchosenways,awayfromadults.Whenwegotbored,wefoundwaystoovercomeit.Wetookup____21____,tookrisks,sometimeshurtourselves,gotintotrouble,and____22____howtogetoutofit.Duringsuchplay,weacquiredknowledgeandskillsthatcouldn’tbetaughttousinschool.Welearnedhowtotake____23____,makeourowndecisions,solveourownproblems,getalongwithpeersasequals,experiencefearandthenfindwaystomanageit,experienceangerandthenfindwaystoovercomeit.Wealsodiscoveredourinterests,____24____them,andbecameskilledatthem—intereststhatformanyofuslaterbecame____25____.Overthepast60years,however,we’veseenahuge____26____inchildren’sfreedomandopportunitytoplayontheirown.Overthissameperiod,we’vealsoseenadramaticincreaseintheratesof____27____andanxietydisordersamongyoungpeople-fivetoeighttimeswhattheywereinthe1950s.Ourchildrenlovetoplayinmoderately____28____ways.Throughsuchplay,theyacquirethephysical,socialandemotionalcapacitiesrequiredforhealthydevelopment.Theylearntogetalongwithoneanotherbyplayingsocially,andtheylearntodealwithemergenciesbyplayinginwaysthatinvolverisk.Whyissuchplayso____29____?Itcancauseinjury,sowhyhasn’tnaturalselection_____30_____theinnerdesireforit?Wehavesomecluesfromlaboratoryexperiments.Researchershavefoundthatwhenyoungratsormonkeysaredeprived(剥夺)ofplayduringcriticalperiodsintheirdevelopment,theanimalsgrowupasemotionalcripples(跛者).Theyare_____31_____disabledwhenplacedinnew,slightlyfrighteningenvironmentstowhichnormallyraisedanimalswould_____32_____.Theyrepeatedbetweenincapacitatingfearandinappropriateaggressionwhenplacedwith_____33_____peers.Soitisnosurprisetomethatplay-deprivedhumanchildrengrowupinsufficientinthesocialandemotionalskillsrequiredtodealwellwithlife’sinevitablestressors(应激源).Theymayalsogrowup_____34_____theabilitiestothinkcreatively,takeinitiative,andassumeresponsibility.Wehavedeprivedchildrenoffree,riskyplay,probablyfortheirowngood.Intheprocesswehavedeniedthemtheopportunitytolearnhowtobe_____35_____byplayinginriskyways.Ourchildrenneedmorefreedom,notmoreadultcontrol.21.A.expeditions B.adventures C.violence D.disasters22.A.figuredout B.lookedover C.madefor D.turnedout23.A.measures B.action C.initiative D.risks24.A.created B.pursued C.captured D.demonstrated25.A.addictions B.predictions C.expectations D.careers26.A.increase B.amount C.decline D.demand27.A.depression B.obesity C.digestion D.cancer28.A.friendly B.funny C.risky D.learned29.A.dangerous B.frustrating C.striking D.appealing30.A.strengthened B.eliminated C.multiplied D.identified31.A.psychologically B.physically C.medically D.biologically32.A.devote B.stick C.adapt D.seek33.A.identical B.modest C.miserable D.unfamiliar34.A.missing B.involving C.lacking D.showing35.A.obedient B.adaptable C.optimistic D.practical答案：21.B22.A23.C24.B25.D26.C27.A28.C29.D30.B31.A32.C33.D34.C35.BSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccording10theinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Thereisatraditionalviewthatadegreefromtopuniversitiescaninitselfplaceyouonthehighestcareerpath.Ifyourcareerplayingfieldisassessedpurelybysalary,thenthedatasupportthisview:OxfordandCambridgegraduateshavethehighestmedianincomesofallemployedgraduates,fiveyearsafterleavinguniversity.Inanyevent,itisnotjustuniversitychoicethataffectsyourcareeroutcome.Sometimes,biasesexist.Forexample,onWallStreet,maleapplicantsformupper-middle-classbackgroundswithaninterestinteamsportsareparticularlypreferred.Someemployersarelevelingtheplayingfield,activelyseekinggraduatesfromotherwell-knownuniversities,toincreasediversityandperhapsbecausethecoursesattheseuniversitiesoffertheirstudentsadvantages,includingvocationalelements.Otheremployersaretryingout“backgroundblind”admissions,removingfromapplicationsreferencestoschoolsoruniversities.Whiletheremaybepeerorfamilypressuretostudyatcertainuniversities,yourlong-termcareersuccessdependsonmorethanthebrandname,includingwhatyoucandemonstrateintermsoftechnicalandemployabilityskills.Researchallleadinguniversitiestodecidewhichcoursewouldsuityoubest,includingthecontent,styleandintensityofteaching,andexaminationmethods.Youmayalsoconsiderwhichinstitutionwouldprovidethebestextra-curricular(课程以外的)opportunities.EvenifOxbridgedoorscloseforyou,otherdoorswillopen:employerswillbeimpressedbywhatyoudowiththeopportunitiesyouactuallyhad,notwhatmighthavebeen.36.Theword“biases”inParagraph2mostprobablymeansA.unexpectedcareeroutcomes B.emphasisoncultureawarenessC.commonemployingpractices D.tendenciestolikesomeonebetter37.Paragraphs2,3and4areintendedtoillustratethat________.A.one’scareeroutcomeisaffectedbymorefactorsthanhisuniversitychoiceB.itisbettertoapplytothecompaniesthatcarelessabouteducationalbackgroundsC.well-knowninstitutionspreferuniversitygraduateswithpropervocationaltrainingD.jobapplicantsmustprovidepotentialemployerswithreferencestouniversities38.Whendecidingthemostsuitablecoursetotake,youshouldtake________intoconsideration.A.yourlearningstyle B.thebrandnameofthecourseC.thewayofexaminations D.thestyleoftheteachingcontent39.Whoaresupposedtobethetargetedreaders?A.Coachesinplayingfield. B.Teachersincertainuniversities.C.Studentsinseniorhighschools. D.Employersfromfamouscompanies.答案：36.D37.A38.C39.C(B)

40.Wherecanyoufindtheabovepassage?A.Inaleaflet. B.Onawebsite.C.Onashoppinglist. D.Inaprintedcopy.41.Ifyouwanttobuyagiftforacreativekid,howmuchdoyoupay?A.$10.99 B.$19.97 C.$38.65 D.$11.9942.WhatcanyouinferaboutMaryifshebuysallofthe3itemslistedinthechart?A.SheisreadytoattendaChristmasparty.B.SheisinchargeoftheNewYear’sdecorations.C.ShehasakidathomewhoprobablylikesLegoproducts.D.Sheiscreatingtheatmosphereforahappynewyearinwinter.答案：40.B41.C42.D(C)AccordingtothemajorityofAmericans,womenareeverybitascapableofbeinggoodpoliticalleadersasmen.Thesamecanbesaidoftheirabilitytodominatethecorporateboardroom.AndaccordingtoanewPewResearchCentersurveyonwomenandleadership,mostAmericansfindnodifferencebetweenwomenandmenonkeyleadershipqualitiessuchasintelligenceandcapacityforinnovation,withmanysayingthey’restrongerthanmenintermsofbeingpassionateandorganizedleaders.Sowhy,then,arewomeninshortsupplyatthetopofgovernmentandbusinessintheUnitedStates?Accordingtothepublic,atleast,it’snotthattheylacktoughness,managementtalentorproperskillsets.It’salsonotallaboutworklifebalance.Althougheconomicresearchandprevioussurveyfindingshaveshownthatcareerinterruptionsrelatedtomotherhoodmaymakeitharderforwomentoadvanceintheircareersandcompetefortopexecutivejobs,relativelyfewadultsintherecentsurveypointtothisasakeybarrierforwomenseekingleadershiproles.Onlyabout20%saywomen’sfamilyresponsibilitiesareamajorreasonwhytherearen’tmorefemalesintopleadershippositionsinbusinessandpolitics.Instead,toppingthelistofreasons,about40%Americanspointtoadoublestandardforwomenhopingtoclimbtothehighestlevelsofeitherpoliticsorbusiness,wheretheyhavetodomorethantheirmaleworkmatestoprovethemselves.Similarsharessaytheelectorate(选民)andAmericancompaniesarejustnotreadytoputmorewomenintopleadershippositions.Asaresult,thepublicisdividedaboutwhethertheimbalanceinAmericancompanieswillchangeintheforeseeablefuture,eventhoughwomenhavemademajoradvancesintheworkplace.While53%believemenwillcontinuetoholdmoretopexecutivepositionsinbusinessinthefuture,44%sayit’sonlyamatteroftimebeforeasmanywomenareintopexecutivepositionsasmen.Americansarelessdoubtfulwhenitcomestopolitics:73%expecttoseeafemalepresidentintheirlifetime.43.Whatdowelearnfromprevioussurveyfindingsaboutwomenseekingleadershiproles?A.Theyhaveunconquerabledifficultiesontheirwaytosuccess.B.Theyarelackinginconfidencewhencompetingwithmen.C.Theirfailuresmayhavesomethingtodowithfamilyduties.D.Relativelyfewareheldbackintheircareeradvancement.44.WhatdoesthepassagesayaboutAmericancompaniesinthenearfuture?A.Moreandmorewomenwillsitintheboardroom.B.Genderimbalanceinleadershipislikelytochange.C.Thepublicisundecidedaboutwhetherwomenwillmakegoodleaders.D.Peoplehaveopposingopinionsastowhethertheywillhavemorewomenleaders.45.WhatdomostAmericansexpecttoseesoononAmerica’spoliticalstage?A.Awomaninthehighestpositionofgovernment.B.Moreandmorewomenactivelyengagedinpolitics.C.Amajorityofwomenvotingforafemalepresident.D.Asmanywomenintopgovernmentpositionsasmen.46.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.WhatdomostAmericansthinkofwomenleaders?B.Howtobalanceworkandlifeforworkingwomen?C.Whencanwomenachieveequalityintheworkplace?D.Whyarewomenleadersfewerincompaniesorgovernments?答案：43.C44.D45.A46.DSectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereare1womoresentencesthanyouneed.SmokejumpersSmokejumpersareaspecialtypeoffirefighter.____47____Theyparachute(跳伞)inasthefirstlineofdefensetofightthefire.____48____Theirmaingoalistostopafirefromspreadingortoslowitsprogressuntilfull,ground-basedfirefightersarrive.Usingbasicequipment,smokejumpersclearlandofburnablematerial,likedrygrassanddeadtrees.Theycarrywaterwiththem,too,butonlyalimitedamount.Togethiredasasmokejumper,onemustalreadyhaveexperiencefightingwildfiresontheground.Greenhandsneedtoalreadyknowhowtousewildfire-fightingtools,beinpeakphysicalcondition,andbeabletostaycalmunderseverestress.Althoughthemajorityofsmokejumpersaremen,morewomenarejoiningnow.____49____SmokejumpersemployedintheUnitedStates,forexample,mustbebetween54and91kilogramssotheydon’tgetblownawaybythestrongwindsorgethurtwhentheyland.Smokejumpersmustalsobecapableofsurvivinginthewilderness.InRussia,manysmokejumpersknowhowtofindfoodintheforestandcanevenmakesimplefurniturefromtrees.Theworkisdangerous,andthehoursarelong.____50____Theylovebeingabletojumpoutofplanes,fightfires,andliveintheforest.AsAlexi,a28-year-oldRussiansmokejumper,says,“Thisisthebestjobfortoughguys.”A.Themostimportantfactorsareyourheightandweight.B.Butforthesefirefighters,smokejumpingisn’tjustanoccupation.CAllofthemshouldreceivesometrainingandmustpassafitnesstest.D.Atafiresite,smokejumpersfirstexaminethelandanddecidehowtofightthefire.E.Besidesfirefightingtools,smokejumperstakefood,water,andothersuppliesforthreedays.F.Whenlightning,oracarelesscamper,sparksawildfireinaremote,roadlessplace,smokejumpersaresenttherebyhelicopters.答案：47.F48.D49.A50.BIV.SummaryWriting51.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.DecisionfatigueDecisionfatigueoccurswhenpeoplefeelverytiredfrommakingtoomanychoices.Psychologistshavefoundthat,eventhoughwegenerallylikehavingchoices,havingtomaketoomanydecisionsinashortamountoftimemayleadustomakedecisionsthatarelessthanideal.Manyofuswouldprobablyguessthatwe’dbehappierwithmoreoptions(选择).However,researchershavefoundthatthisisn’tnecessarilytrue—insomecases,weactuallyseemtodobetterwhenwehaveamorelimitedsetofoptions.Inoneresearchpaper,psychologistslookedattheconsequencesofbeinggiveneithermanyorfewchoicesofjams.Theresearchersfoundthatparticipantswhohadseenthedisplaywithmorechoicesweremuchlesslikelytoactuallybuyajarofjam,comparedtoparticipantswhosawthemorelimiteddisplay—suggestingthathavingtoomanychoicesmaynotbeagoodthingforconsumers.Whilechoosingjamsmayseemlikearelativelysmallchoice,itturnsoutthatpeoplewhohavetomaketoomanydecisionsmaymakepoordecisions—orevenputoffmakingadecision.Luckily,researchershavefoundthatdecisionfatiguedoesnotoftenhappen;instead,choiceoverload(过量)seemstooccurwhenthedecisionswehavetomakeareespeciallydifficult.Butifitreallyoccurs,whatcanwedoaboutit?Onewaytoavoiddecisionfatiguecanbetostreamline(使成流线型)thechoiceswemakeandfindhabitsandroutinesthatworkforus—insteadofmakingnewchoiceseachday.Theprinciplehereistolimithowmuchofourdayisspe