一轮巩固卷9-2022年高考英语模拟卷（新高考专用）（解析版）

【赢在高考-黄金20卷】备战2022年高考英语模拟卷（新高考专用）

一轮巩固卷09

（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮

擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题

卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完

每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是Co

1.Whenwillthelecturebegiven?

A.OnJune10th.B.OnJune11th.C.OnJune12th.

【答案】C

【1题详解】

Text1

W:Istodaythe10thofJune?Howtimeflies!

M:Yes,andIhaveonemorelecturetogivethedayaftertomonow.

2.Whatcausedthecompanysalestoincrease?

A.Theonlinemarketingcampaign.

B.Theextrasalespeople.

C.Thediscountprices.

【答案】A

【2题详解】

Text2

M:Howarethesalesfigureslooking?

W:They'regreat!Wehadasharpriseaftertheonlinemarketingcampaignbegan.It'sbetterthanhiringextra

salespeople.

M:Good!NowI'mthinkingofofferingsomediscountnextseason.

3.WhatisJimmydoing?

A.Readingastorybook.B.Doinghishomework.C.Playingcomputergames.

【答案】B

【3题详解】

Text3

W:Whydon'tyougotobed,Jimmy?Areyoureadingthatstorybook?

M:Oh,IjustrememberedIhadn'tdonemysciencehomeworkyet.I'msearchingonlineforsomeinformation

aboutthat.

4.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?

A.Forgivetheplayer.B.Kicktheplayerout.C.Apologizetotheplayer.

【答案】A

"题详解】

Text4

M:Ikickedaplayeroutofourteamforhismisbehaviorlastweek.

W:Iheardheapologizedandpromisednottodothatagain.Whynotgivehimasecondchance?

M:Maybeyouareright.

5.Wheredoesthewomanusuallygetthebook?

A.Intheshop.B.Inthesupermarket.C.OntheInternet.

【答案】c

【5题详解】

Text5

M:Iwouldenjoylookingaroundthebookshop.lt\reallyenjoyable.

W:Metoo.Ialwaysfindthebookintheshoporthesupermarketandthenbuyitonline!Ifsoftenalotcheaper.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的

作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Thepreparationsforacamping.

B.Thechangeableweather.

C.Theirfavoritefood.

【答案】A

7.Whatwillthemantake?

A.Bread.B.Hamburgers.C.Cards.

【答案】B

【6-7题详解】

Text6

M:Hi,Silvia.Areyougoingcampingwithus?

W:Surely,yes.

M:Great.Itshouldbegoodfununlesstheweathergetsbad.

W:WhatdoIneedtotake?

M:Well,whenIgethome,TiltextyouthelistI'vemade.Youdon'tneedtoworryaboutfoodthough.Tvepacked

enoughhamburgers.That'stheeasiestthingtomake.

W:Fine.Incasewerunoutofhamburgers,Filtakesometinsandbread.

M:Goodidea.Ifyouwant,bringsomecards.Wecouldplayatnight.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.Whatiswrongwiththewoman?

A.Shehasafever.B.Shehasaheadache.C.Shehasasleepingproblem.

【答案】B

9.Whatdidthewomandolastnight?

A.Shepreparedforameeting.

B.Sheattendedameeting.

C.Shewenttobedearly.

【答案】A

10.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?

A.Quitthejob.B.Takesomemedicine.C.Havearest.

【答案】c

【8-10题详解】

Text7

M:What'swrongwithyou?

W:Myheadhurtsbadly.

M:Doyouhaveafever?

W:No.

M:Howlonghasitbeenlikethis?

W:Sincethenightbeforeyesterday.

M:Doyouhaveasleepingproblem?

W:No.Ialwaysgotobedearlyandsleepsound,uh,exceptlastnight.Iworkedlateintothenightpreparingfora

meeting.

M:Ithinkyou'dbetterhaveafiirtherexam,andbeforetheresultcomesout,trytorelax.

W:Doyouhaveanymedicinetokillthepain?Ihavetoattendameetingthisafternoon.

M:Beforetheresultcomesout,Ican'tgiveyouanymedicine.Iinsistyouhaveagoodrestfirst.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Atatheater.B.Atahotel.C.Atasnackbar.

【答案】B

12.Whatwouldthemanprobablydoat6p.m.tomorrow?

A.Celebratetheirweddinganniversary.

B.Attendaweddingceremony.

C.Spendhis20thbirthday.

【答案】A

13.Howmuchshouldthemanpay?

A.$100.B.$200.C.$300.

【答案】c

[11-13题详解】

Text8

W:Goodmorning,MovieCenter.HowmayIhelpyou?

M:Goodmoming.ThisisVinsonfromRoom808.I'dliketoknowsomethingaboutyourtheater.

W:Verywell,Mr.Vinson.Wehavethreetheaters,onepublictheater,andtwoprivatetheatersforfivepeopleand

twopeoplerespectively.

M:Emm...howdoyouchargefortheprivateone?

W:Thechargeforprivatetheateris$50perhourperperson.Drinksandsnacksareextra.

M:Verywell.Tdliketoreservetheonefortwopeoplefrom6:00to9:00tomorrowevening.Tomorrowisthe20th

anniversaryofourmarriage.Wewantacelebration.

W:Whatexcitingnews!Congratulations,Mr.Vinson!

M:Thankyouverymuch.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Colleagues.B.Schoolmates.C.Teacherandstudent.

【答案】B

15.Whatisthewoman'sproblem?

A.Herbrotherisdisturbingher.

B.Shehasnodictionarytouse.

C.Herparentscan'tgiveheranyadvice.

【答案】A

16.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?

A.Tellherbrothertostop.

B.Gotothelibrarytostudy.

C.Askherparentsforhelp.

【答案】c

17.Whatisthewomanembarrassedat?

A.RememberinglittlefromHistory.

B.Reviewingbysinginghernotes.

C.Writingdownwhatshehasread.

【答案】B

【14・17题详解】

Text9

M:Hi,Georgia.Howareyou?

W:Hi.Notsogood.TmgettingreallyannoyedwithmylittlebrotherJimatthemoment.I'mtryingtoreviewfor

myexamsandhekeepsstoppingmefromworking.Sometimeshelistenstomusiclateatnightwithhisradioon

loudly;sometimesheborrowssomethingfrommethat1needtouseforstudying,likemydictionaryorcomputer.1

can'tconcentrateonmyworkformorethanafewminutes.It?sterrible.

M:Youshouldaskyourparentstodealwithyourbrother.Yourexamsaremoreimportant.Yourparentsshould

understandthat.

W:That'sagoodidea,Matthew.Tilaskmydadfbrhelptonight.Mybrotherwilllistentohim.AndI'llalsothink

aboutgoingtothelibraryattheweekend.It9snicetohaveachangesometimeswhenyou'restudying.How'syour

reviewgoing,Matthew?

M:MyproblemisIjustcan'trememberanythingfromHistory.IreadapageandthentenminuteslaterI've

forgottenit.

W:Thafsnotunusual.Youshouldtrywritingdownwhatyou'vejustread.Ifsamazinghowmuchmoreyouwill

rememberthatway.SometimesIevensingmynotes.It'sabitembarrassing,butitwillhelptorememberlotsof

information.

M:Yes.Tiltrythoseideas.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.WhatwasthemainmealforpeopleinPrussiainthe18thcentury?

A.Rice.B.Potatoes.C.Bread.

【答案】c

19.Howdidpeoplefeelaboutthepotatoesinthepalacegarden?

A.Disappointed.B.Curious.C.Anxious.

【答案】B

20.Whatcanwelearnabouttheking?

A.Hewasverysmart.B.Helikedmakingjokes.C.Hewascrazyaboutpotatoes.

【答案】A

[18-20题详解】

Text10

M:OK!SomytalktonightiscalledPsychologyinAdvertising,butPmgoingtostartwithalittlestory.Inthe18th

century,hardlyanyoneinPrussiaatepotatoesorrice,becausethemainmealforalmosteveryonewasbread.But

therewasaproblemwithbread:inthosedays,sometimesthewheatdidn'tgrowverywell,people,especiallypoor

people,wouldhavenothingtoeat.

SowhenthekingcalledFrederickheardaboutthepotato,heimmediatelyorderedeveryoneinthecountryto

startgrowingpotatoes.Buttohissurprise,theyrefused.Frederickwasaverycleverman,andalthoughtherewere

nopsychologistsin1774,hecertainlyhadatalentforunderstandingthepsychologyofhispeople.Sohesooncame

upwithaveryinterestingplan.First,heplantedpotatoesinhispalacegarden.Next,hesentsoldierstoguardit.As

soonaspeoplesawthegardenandthesoldiers,theystartedaskingeachother“Whatcouldbeinthatfieldthatis

worthsomuch?”Andofcourse,assoonastheyfoundoutthatthefieldwasfullofpotatoes,theyallwantedsome.

Yousee,oncepeoplebelievedtheywerenotallowedtoeatpotatoes,theyimmediatelywantedtohavethem.And

that'sagoodpsychology.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

A

•WestTown

TheChicagoPublicLibrary（CPL）encourageslifelonglearningbywelcomingallpeopleandofferingequal

accesstoinformation,entertainmentandknowledgethroughmaterials,programsandevents.Eachyear,Chicago

PublicLibraryrecommendstheBestoftheBest,CPL'sselectionsoftheverybestbookspublishedthatyear.

•Hours

Monday:10:00am-6:00pm

Tuesday:12:00pm-8:00pm

Wednesday:10:00am-6:00pm

Thursday:12:00pm-8:00pm

Friday:9:00am-5:00pm

Saturday:9:00am-5:00pm

Sunday:Closed

•Holidays&Closures

AllStaffInstituteDay:Thursday,April30,2020ClosedAllDay

MemorialDay:Monday,May25,2020ClosedAllDay

IndependenceDay:Saturday,July4,2020ClosedAllDay

LaborDay:Monday,September7,2020ClosedAllDay

Thanksgiving:Thursday,November26,2020ClosedAllDay

Christmas:Friday,December25,2020ClosedAllDay

•Address&Contact

1625W.ChicagoAvenueChicagoIL60622

Phone:(312)743-0450

Email:

•GetaLibraryCard

Gettingalibrarycardiseasy-andit'sfree!PleasevisitanyCPLlocationtofilloutanapplication.

Current,validIDwithname,photoandChicagoaddressisrequired.

•Facilities

After-hoursbookreturnBikerack

ComputersMeetingroomWi-FiParkinglotScanner

•UpcomingEventsatWestTown

DesignChallengeDay

Description:Areyouupforachallenge?Dropinandtacklesomedesignchallengesusingsuppliesprovided

bythelibrary.Prizeswillbeawardedforthemostcreativesubmissions.

Suitablefbr:KidsandTeens

Time:Tuesday,March24,2020,5:00pm-6:00pm

FilmScreening:TheZookeeper'sWife(2017)

Description:JointheWestTownbranchforascreeningofTheZookeeper9sWife.Amarriedcouplewho

workaszoocaretakershelpsaveJewishpeoplefromtheNazi'sHolocaust.

Suitablefor:AdultsandTeens

Time:Tuesday,March31,2020,5:30pm一7:30pm

21.WhencanpeoplegoandreadinChicagoPublicLibrary?

A.11:00am,April29,2020.B.2:00pm,May25,2020.

C.9:00am,July5,2020.D.6:00pm,November26,2020.

22.Whatisrequiredforgettingalibrarycard?

A.Payingforitinyourfreetimeonayearlybasis.

B.Providingarecentphotoandanapplication.

C.Applyingonthelibrary'sofficialwebsitefirst.

D.HavingavalidIDwithname,photoandChicagoaddress.

23.WhatdoweknowaboutDesignChallengeDay?

A.Ittargetsadultsastheirmajorparticipants.

B.Participantswillcompeteforprizes.

C.Theactivitywilllastfornearly2hours.

D.WinnerscanwatchTheZookeeper9sWifeforfree.

【答案】21.A22.D23.B

【分析】本文为应用文。文章是一则芝加哥公共图书馆的告示，提到了图书馆的开放时间、节假日安排情

况、借书证的办理要求以及即将举行的活动情况.

[21题详解】

细节理解题。根据“Hours”部分中"Thursday:12:00pm-8:00pm（星期四：中午十二点到下午八点）“可知D

选项“2020年11月26日星期四下午6点“不能去看书；“Sunday:Closed（周末：休息）”可知C选项“2020

年7月5日星期日上午9点”这个时间不能去看书；根据“Holidays&Closures”部分中“MemorialDay:

Monday,May25,2020（阵亡将士纪念日：2020年5月25日，星期）'可知B选项“2020年5月25日星

期一下午2点“不能去看书。所以人们只有在A选项“2020年4月29日星期三上午11点”这个时间可以

去芝加哥公共图书馆读书。故选A项。

【22题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章“GetaLibraryCard”部分中"Current,validIDwithname,photoandChicagoaddress

isrequired.（必须提供包括姓名、照片和芝加哥地址的当前有效身份证件。）“可知，办理借书证需要出

示有效身份证件，包括姓名、照片和芝加哥地址。故选D项。

【23题详解】

细节理解题。根据“DesignChallengeDay”部分中"Prizeswillbeawardedforthemostcreativesubmissions.

（最具创意的作品将获颁奖项“可知，“DesignChallengeDay”活动中参赛者将就竞争比赛奖品。故选

B项。

B

Perhapsyouhaveseenthem,thosewhofallasleeponthesubwayandthen,somehow,wakeupexactlyattheir

stop.Perhapsyouareoneofthem.Howisthispossible?Wespoketotwodoctors,whoofferedtheirinsightsabout

it.

Itispossiblethatyourbodygetsusedtowakingupatacertainpointeachtimeduringyourcommute,saidDr.

MarcI.Leavey,aprimary-carespecialistinMaryland.Thatholdsespeciallytrueifyoucommuteatthesametime

everyday.Thissuggeststhatifyouweretogetonatadifferenttime,orifthejourneyweredelayed,yourinternal

clockmightnotwakeyouupatyourstop.Itisaninterestingtheory,butDr.RonaldChervin,directorofMichigan

Medicine'sSleepDisordersCenters,doescolfuHybuyit.Heisskepticalthatcircadianrhythmscanalsoexplain

whyyouwakeupafterabriefnap.

Youarealsolikelytowakeupforyourparticularstopbecauseofanoralcue,suchastheconductorstatingthe

nameofthesubwaystopoverthepublic-addresssystem.Suchcuesalertyourbrainthatyouhavean*ived,

explainedDrLeavey.AccordingtoastudypublishedinthePublicLibraryofScience,duringsleep,ourbrainreacts

differentlywhenwehearourownnameandotherpeople'snames,notedDrChervin.Thissuggeststhatyourbrain

doesnotturnoffduringsleep,whichmakesitpossibletopickupontheannouncementofyourstop.

Anotherreasonablepossibility:Youmaywakeupateachstop,checkifitisyours,andgobacktosleep,all

withouthavingrememberedit,addedDr.Chervin.Heseesthisincaseswherepatientsaresufferingfromsleep

apnea.Theymaywakeupasmanyas200timesduringasinglenight,withouthavingrememberedasingleinstance.

Thafsbecausetheyfallrightbackasleepbeforetheirbrainhastimetoprocesstheirexperienceintolong-term

memory.Similarly,youcouldbewakingupeverytimeyouhearanewstopcalled.Butyoujustdon'tremember

suchinstancesevenafteryoufullycomeawakeforyourstop-leadingyoutobelievethatyouhavesleptthewhole

waythroughandmiraculouslywokenupattherighttime.

24.AccordingtoDrLeavey,whichofthefollowingmightwakeyouupatyourstop?

A.Senseoftime.B.Sleepapnea.C.Intemalclock.D.Oralcommunication.

25.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“doesn'tfullybuyit“inParagraph2mean?

A.Hecan'tagreemore.B.Hecan'tcatchitwell.

C.Hedoesn'tlikeitatall.D.Hedoesn'ttotallybelieveit.

26.Howwillourbrainreactwhenwehearournamecalledduringsleep?

A.Actively.B.Passively.C.Differently.D.Casually.

27.HowdoesDr.Chervinexplainhisfindingsinthelastparagraph?

A.Byintroducingaconcept.B.Bymakingacomparison.

C.Byusinganexpert'swords.D.Byreferringtoanotherstudy.

【答案】24.C25.D26.A27.B

【分析】这是一篇说明文。生活中一些人在地铁上睡着了，然后不知怎么的，在他们到站的时候醒来。对

此，MarcI.Leavey和RonaldChervin两位专家给出了各自的解释。

【24题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中“Itispossiblethatyourbodygetsusedtowakingupatacertainpointeachtime

duringyourcommute,saidDr.MarcI.Leavey,aprimary-carespecialistinMaryland.Thatholdsespecially

trueifyoucommuteatthesametimeeveryday.Thissuggeststhatifyouweretogetonatadifferenttime,or

ifthejourneyweredelayed,yourinternalclockmightnotwakeyouupatyourstop.（马里兰州的初级保健专

家MarcI.Leavey医生说，有可能你的身体己经习惯了在通勤途中每次的特定时间醒来。如果你每天都

在同一时间通勤，这•点尤其正确。这表明，如果你在不同的时间上车，或者旅途被延误，你的生物

钟可能不会在你到站时叫醒你）“可知，Leavey医生认为生物钟可能会在你到站时叫醒你。故选C。

【25题详解】

句意猜测题。根据画线词后文“Heisskepticalthatcircadianrhythmscanalsoexplainwhyyouwakeupafter

abriefnap.”可知，Chervin博士对为什么小睡后会醒来持怀疑态度，可见他并不完全相信Leavey医生认

为生物钟可能会在到站时唤醒人的说法。故画线部分意思是“他并不完全相信故选D。

【26题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中“AccordingtoastudypublishedinthePublicLibraryofScience,duringsleep,

ourbrainreactsdifferentlywhenwehearourownnameandotherpeople'snames,notedDrChervin.This

suggeststhatyourbraindoesnotturnoffduringsleep,whichmakesitpossibletopickuponthe

announcementofyourstop.（Chervin博士指出，根据发表在《科学公共图书馆》上的一项研究，在睡眠

期间，当我们听到自己的名字和别人的名字时，大脑的反应是不同的。这表明你的大脑在睡觉时并没

有停止工作，这使得你有可能听到你停下来的通知）“可知，当我们在睡眠中听到自己的名字时，我们的

大脑会有积极的反应。故选A。

【27题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Heseesthisincaseswherepatientsaresufferingfromsleepapnea.Theymay

wakeupasmanyas200timesduringasinglenight,withouthavingrememberedasingleinstance.That's

becausetheyfallrightbackasleepbeforetheirbrainhastimetoprocesstheirexperienceintolong-term

memory.Similarly,youcouldbewakingupeverytimeyouhearanewstopcalled.Butyoujustdon't

remembersuchinstancesevenafteryoufullycomeawakeforyourstop-leadingyoutobelievethatyouhave

sleptthewholewaythroughandmiraculouslywokenupattherighttime.（他在患有睡眠呼吸暂停的病人身

上看到了这种情况。他们可能在一个晚上醒来多达200次，却不记得任何事情。这是因为他们在大脑

有时间将他们的经历加工成长期记忆之前就睡着了。类似地，你可能会在每次听到一个新的停止的声

音时醒来。但你就是不记得这样的事情，即使在你完全清醒后停止——这让你相信你已经睡了整个过

程，然后奇迹般地在正确的时间醒来）”可推知，Chervin博士在最后一段通过比较解释了他的发现。故

选Bo

C

Whilewemaythinkitfeelsgoodtocomplain,complaininghassomebadeffectsassociatedwithit.

Whyisn'tcomplainingbeneficial?Researchshowsthatitconnectsourbrainwithnegativity.Thebrainis

designedtoworkefficiently.Thismeansthatwhenwerepeatathought,negativeorpositive,thenervecellsforma

bridgebetweeneachothertopassinformationatahigherspeed.Therefore,thenexttimewehaveasimilartypeof

thought,itismoreeasilypassed.Thisexplainswhycertainthoughtpatternsbecomehabits.

Yettheharmfuleffectsdon'tstopthere.Astudyshowsthatcomplainingcausesthehippocampus（海马区）,

whichplaysavitalroleinproblem-solving,tobecomesmaller.

Inadditiontocausingbraindamage,complainingalsoreleasesastresshormone（激素）：cortisol,akindof

chemicalthebodyproduceswhenwemeetwithsomedanger.Constantlyhavingahighlevelofcortisolresultsin

highbloodpressure,highbloodsugar,andlowerimmunity（免疫力）.

Theilleffectsofourcomplainingaren'tjustlimitedtoourselves:theyalsoinvolvethosearoundus.Wetendto

mirrorthemoodsofourfriends.Forthisreason,weshouldbecautiousabouthavingstubborncomplainersinour

circleofcompanions.

Thebestwaytodealwithconstantnegativityistodevelopasenseofgratitude（感恩）.Justlikecomplaining

actsasapoison,gratitudeactsasamedicine.Researchshowsitlowerscortisollevelsby23percent,aswellas

reducesbloodpressureandbloodsugar.Italsodecreasestirednessanddepression.Gratitudeistheperfectcurefor

complaining,abehaviorthatstealsourbrainpower,happinessandphysicalwell-being.

Whathaveyouobservedabouttheeffectsofcomplaininginyourownlifeorinthelivesofothers?Haveyou

noticedthatwhenyouaregrateful,youfeelbetterallover?Pleaseshareyourthoughtsinthecommentssection

below.

28.WhatdoPara2-3mainlytalkabout?

A.Thediseasescausedbycomplaining.

B.Thedecreaseofavitalpartofourbrain.

C.Thebadeffectsofcomplainingonbrainpower.

D.Thereasonwhycertainthoughtpatternsbecomehabits.

29.Whatcanweknowaboutcortisolfromthepassage?

A.Gratitudeisaneffectivecureforcortisol.

B.Ourbodyproducecortisolwhenwefeelexited.

C.Cortisolisachemicalthatcancausebraindamage.

D.Havingahighlevelofcortisolcanleadtomanyhealthproblems.

30.Whatattitudedoesthewritertaketostubborncomplainers?

A.Grateful.B.Tolerant.C.Disapproving.D.Doubtful.

31.Wherecanthepassagemostprobablyappear?

A.Inanewspaper.B.Inamedicalreport.C.Inaradioprogram.D.Onawebsite.

【答案】28.C29.D30.C31.D

【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文说明了抱怨带来的一些负面影响以及应对抱怨的措施。

【28题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第二段“Whyisn'tcomplainingbeneficial?Researchshowsthatitconnectsourbrainwith

negativity."（为什么抱怨没有好处？研究表明，它将我们的大脑与消极联系起来。）根据第三段“Astudy

showsthatcomplainingcausesthehippocampus（海马区），whichplaysavitalroleinproblem-solving,to

becomesmaller.”（一项研究表明，抱怨会导致海马体变小，而海马体在解决问题中起着至关重要的作

用）由此可知，第二段和第三段主要在说抱怨对脑力的不良影响。故选C项。

【29题详解】

细节理解题。根据笫四段“Constantlyhavingahighlevelofcortisolresultsinhighbloodpressure,highblood

sugar,andlowerimmunity（免疫力）丁（持续高水平的皮质醇会导致高血压、高血糖和免疫力低下。）由此

可知，皮质醇水平高会导致许多健康问题。故选D项。

【30题详解】

推理判断题，根据倒数第二段“Forthisreason,weshouldbecautiousabouthavingstubborncomplainersin

ourcircleofcompanions."（出于这个原因，我们应该警惕在我们的朋友圈中有顽固的抱怨者。）由此判

断出作者对顽固的抱怨者持反对的态度。故选C项。

[31题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段"Pleaseshareyourthoughtsinthecommentssectionbelow."（请在下面的评论

区分享你的想法）由此判断出，短文来自于网站。故选D项。

D

Thermoelectricgeneratorsturnwasteheatintoelectricitywithoutproducinggreenhousegasemissions,likea

freelunch.Butthehighcostofthesedeviceshaspreventedtheirwidespreaduse.Now,researchershavefounda

waytomakecheapthermae-lectricesthatworkjustaswell.Theworkcouldpavethewayforgreenercarengines,

andotherenergy-generatingdevices.

“Thislookslikeaverysmartwaytorealizehighperformance,saysLi-DongZhao,amaterialsscientist.He

notestherearestillafewmorestepsbeforethesematerialscanbecomehigh-perfbrming.However,hesays,“This

willbeusedinthenottoofarfuture.^^

Thermoelectricsaresemiconductordevicesplacedonahotsurface.Thatgivesthemahotsideandacoolside.

Ifadeviceallowsthehotsidetowarmupthecoolside,theelectricitystopsflowing.Adevice'ssuccessat

preventingthis,aswellasitsabilitytoconductelectrons,feedsintoascoreknownasthefigureofmerit,orZT.

ResearchershaveproducedthermoelectricmaterialswithincreasingZTs.Therecordcamein2014when

MercouriKanatzidiscameupwithatinselenidewithaZTof3.1.Yetthematerialwastoofragiletoworkwith.

“Forpracticalapplications,it'sanon・star-ter,“Kanatzidissays.

Gettingthroughthatdoorwillstilltakesometime.ThetinselenidetheteammakesismixedwithNa,creating

a"p-type"materialthatconductspositivecharges.Tomakeworkingdevices,researchersalsoneedan"n-type”

versiontoconductnegativecharges.

Zhao'steamisnowworkingonmakingann-typeversion.Oncesuccessful,researchersshouldhaveaclear

pathtomakinganewgenerationofsuper-efficientthermoelectricgenera-tors.Thosecouldbeinstalledeverywhere

fromautomobileexhaustpipestowaterheatersandindustrialsmelterstoscavengesomeofthe65%offossilfuel

energythatwindsupaswasteheat.

32.Thefirstparagraphwantstotellus.

A.Thewideuseofthermoelectricgenerators

B.Thedevicesofcurrentthermoelectricgenerators

C.Thereasonwhyresearchersmakecheapthermoelectrics

D.Thegreenercarenginesthatcontributetoenvironmentalprotection

33.HowdoesLi-DongZhaofeelaboutcheapthermoelectricgenerators?

A.Indifferent.B.Optimistic.C.Critical.D.Worried.

34.Whatdoyouknowabouttheresearchin2014fromparagraph4and5?

A.Itwasfarfromasuccessforpracticalapplications.

B.AtinselenidewithaZTof3.1canbeeasytoworkwith.

C.Researchersmadean"n-type“versiontomakeworkingdevices

D.A4tp-type^^materialmadefromthetinselenideconductsnegativecharges

35.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scavenge“inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Recycle.B.Produce.C.Clean.D.Increase.

【答案】32.C33.B34.A35.A

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明J'研究人员制造廉价的热力发电机，来将废热转化为电能而不产

生温室气体排放。文章介绍了这种廉价热力发电机的运作方式以及仍然存在的问题。

【32题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段“Thermoelectricgeneratorsturnwasteheatintoelectricitywithoutproducing

greenhousegasemissions,likeafreelunch.Butthehighcostofthesedeviceshaspreventedtheirwidespread

use.Now,researchershavefoundawaytomakecheapthermae-lectricesthatworkjustaswell.Thework

couldpavethewayforgreenercarengines,andotherenergy-generatingdevices.（热电发电机将废热转化为

电能而不产生温室气体排放，就像一顿免费午餐。但是这些设备的高成本阻碍了它们的广泛使用。

现在，研究人员已经找到了一种方法，可以制造出廉价的热电能。这项工作可能为更环保的汽车引擎

和其他能源产生设备铺平道路）''可知，第一段想告诉我们为什么研究人员制造廉价的热力发电机。故选

Co

【33题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段“"Thislookslikeaverysmartwaytorealizehighperformance,saysLi-DongZhao,

amaterialsscientist.Henotestherearestillafewmorestepsbeforethesematerialscanbecome

high-performing.However,hesays,“Thiswillbeusedinthenottoofarfiiture."（"这看起来是一个实现高性

能的非常聪明的方法，”材料科学家赵立东说。他指出，在这些材料变得高性能之前还有几个步骤。然

而，他说，“这将在不久的将来使用。“）“可推知，赵立东对廉价的热电发电机持乐观态度。故选B。

【34题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中“Yetthematerialwastoofragiletoworkwith."Forpracticalapplications,it'sa

non-star-tcr,"Kanatzidissays.（然而，这种材料太脆弱，无法使用。Kanatzidis说:“就实际应用而言，它

并不是明星。以及第四段中“Gettingthroughthatdoorwillstilltakesometime.（通过那扇门还需要一些

时间厂可知，2014年的研究在实际应用中，它远未取得成功。故选A。

【35题详解】

词句猜测题。根据