在线网课《环境生态学（双语）(山盟-青岛科大)》单元测试考核答案

第一章单元测试1.【多选题】正确答案：ABCDTraditionalecologyincludes().A.OrganismB.CommunityC.EcosystemD.Population2.【多选题】正确答案：ABCDExperimentshavesomeelementsincommon，including().A.AlltheaboveB.ControlGroupsC.TreatmentGroupsD.Randomization3【单选题】(2分)Thestudyofenvironmentinfluenceontheevolutionoforganisms.Naturalselection,evolutionofpopulationsis().A.CommunityecologyB.BehavioralecologyC.LandscapeecologyD.EvolutionEcology4【单选题】(2分)Thestudyofhowgroupsofindividuals(belongingtothesamespecies)grow(orshrink)andreproduce.Dependingonthenatureofthespecies,manyfactors(foodavailability,competition,predationetc.)mayaffectpopulationgrowthis().A.CommunityecologyB.PopulationecologyC.LandscapeecologyD.Ecosystemecology5【判断题】AecosystemconsistsoftwobasicinteractingcomponentsofBioticandAbiotic.（）A.错B.对第二章单元测试1.【多选题】正确答案：ABCDInahydrologiccycle,thereareprocessosof().A.GroundwaterrechargeB.InfiltrationC.InterceptionD.Precipitation2.【多选题】正确答案：ABCDWhatfactorsdeterminethepopulationgrowth?（）A.emigrationrateB.immigrationrateC.deathrateD.birthrate3【判断题】Freshwaterishyperosmotic.()A.错B.对4【判断题】Saltwaterishypoosmotic.（）A.错B.对5【判断题】whenasystemdeviatesfromthenormalordesiredstate,mechanismsfunctiontorestorethesystembacktothatstate，itiscallednegativefeedback.（）A.错B.对第三章单元测试1【单选题】(2分)Assumeapopulation,att=0,populationsizeisN(0),ratioofpopulationsizechangeinoneyeartothesizeoftheproceedingyear.Thismodelis().A.linergrowthmodelB.geometricgrowthmodelC.logisticgrowthmodelD.exponentialgrowthmodel2【判断题】Theproportionsofeachindividualineachageclassisagestructure.()A.对B.错3【判断题】Thepurposeoflifetableistoprovideaclearandsystematicpictureofmortalityandsurvivalwithinapopulation.Canalsobeusedtosimulatepopulationsizechange.（）A.对B.错4【判断题】IntrinsicrateofincreasecanNOTbeestimatedfromthelifetable.（）A.错B.对5【判断题】Birthrateandsurvivorshipdeterminenetreproductiverate.()A.对B.错6【判断题】ThenumberofindividualsofapopulationtheenvironmentcansupportisCarryingcapacity.（）A.对B.错第四章单元测试1【判断题】InteractionsbenefitbothspeciesisMutualism.()A.对B.错2【判断题】Benefitone,butdonoharmonanotheriscommensalism.（）A.对B.错3【判断题】Arelationshipoftwoorganismslivingtogether(symbiosis)andonederivesitsnourishmentattheexpenseoftheotheriscalledParasitism.（）A.对B.错4【判断题】Twoconsumerssharethesameresource,eachreducestheavailabilityofresourcesoftheother.Itiscalledcompetition.（）A.对B.错5【判断题】Dynamicsofconsumer-resourceinteractionsreflectmutualevolutionaryresponses.()A.错B.对第五章单元测试1【判断题】PopulationsarelimitedbythesingleresourcethatismostscarcerelativetodemandiscalledLiebig'slawofminimum.（）A.对B.错2【判断题】ThetheoryofcompetitionandcoexistenceisanextensionoflogisticgrowthmodeliscalledLokta-VolterraModel.（）A.错B.对3【判断题】SpaceisNon-renewableresource.（）A.错B.对4【判断题】Lokta-VolterraModelisderivedfromlogisticgrowthequationandaddinfluenceofanotherspecies(acompetitioncomponent.（）A.错B.对5【判断题】Interspecificcompetitionreducestheequilibriumlevelofapopulationbelowthecarryingcapacity.()A.错B.对6【判断题】Thetheoryofcompetitionandcoexistenceisanextensionoflogisticgrowthmodel(Lokta-VolterraModel).（）A.对B.错7【判断题】Unstablesituation,bothinhibitinadensitydependentmanner.Dependingoninitialdensity,eithercanmakeotherextinct，competitioncangoeitherway.（）A.对B.错8【判断题】Eachspeciesinhibitsitsownpopulationgrowthmorethancompetitor.Neithercaneliminatecompetitor,itiscoexistence.（）A.对B.错9【判断题】AsymmetriccompetitioncanNOToccurwhendifferentfactorslimitthepopulationsofcompetitors.（）A.对B.错10【单选题】(2分)Thereare（）possibleoutcomesofinterspecificcompetition.()A.TwoB.fourC.OneD.three第六章单元测试1【判断题】Manypredatorandpreypopulationsincreaseanddecreaseinregularcycles.（）A.对B.错2【判断题】Lotka-VolterramodelcanNOTbestabilizedbypredatorsatiation.（）A.对B.错3【判断题】Consumer-ResourcesystemcanhaveONLYonestablestate.()A.错B.对4【判断题】FactorscanINCREASEoscillationofpredator-preymodels.（）A.错B.对5【判断题】Thereisacyclicalriseandfallinboththepredatorandpreypopulationswithtime.（）A.对B.错6【判断题】Asurprisingpredictionofthepradationmodelisthatincreaseinrofpreygrowthleadstoanincreaseinpredatorpopulation,nottheprey.（）A.对B.错7【判断题】Anincreaseinthebirthrateofpreyincreasesthepredatorpopulation,butnothepreypopulation.（）A.错B.对8【判断题】Consumer-Resourcesystemcanhavetwoormorestablestates.（）A.对B.错9【判断题】Pathogen-hostdynamicscanbedescribedbyS-I-Rmodel.（）A.错B.对10【判断题】Thechangeinpredatorandpreypopulationstogetherfollowsaclosedcyclethatcombinestheindividualchangesinthepredatorandpreypopulation,itiscalledjointpopulationtrajectory.（）A.对B.错第七章单元测试1【判断题】Agroupofspeciesthatcoexistinaspaceandtimeandinteractwithoneanotherdirectlyorindirectlyiscalledcommunity.（）A.对B.错2【判断题】PlaceswheremanyspeciesreachtheedgesoftheirdistributionsiscalledEcotons.（）A.对B.错3【判断题】Theindirecteffectsofconsumer-resourceinteractionsextendthroughadditionaltrophiclevelsofacommunityiscalledTrophiccascade.（）A.错B.对4【判断题】Aspeciesthathasadisproportionate不成比例impactonthecommunityrelativetoitsabundanceiscalledKeystonespecies.（）A.对B.错5【判断题】Relativeabundancemeanscountingallindividualsofeachspeciesinanumberofsampleplotswithinacommunityanddeterminingwhatpercentageeachcontributestothetotalnumberofindividualofallspecies.()A.对B.错6【判断题】Speciesrichnessmeansnumberofspecieswithinthecommunity.()A.对B.错7【判断题】Energyflowwebmeansconnectionsbetweenspeciesarequantifiedbythefluxofenergybetweenaresourceanditsconsumer.()A.错B.对8【判断题】Functionalwebmeansinfluenceonthegrowthrateofotherspeciespopulation.()A.对B.错9【判断题】Connectednesswebemphasizefeedingrelationshipsamongspecies,portrayed描绘aslinksinfoodweb.()A.错B.对第八章单元测试1【判断题】Theprocessofgradualand(seemingly)directionalchangeinthestructuralofthecommunitythroughtimeiscalledSuccession.()A.对B.错2【判断题】Primarysuccessionoccursonnewlyexposedsubstrates.()A.对B.错3【判断题】Monoclimaxhypothesisviewcommunityasahighlyintegratedsuperorganism,theprocessofsuccessionrepresentsgradualandprogressivedevelopmentofcommunitytoultimateorclimaxstage.()A.对B.错4【判断题】Successionbecomesself-limitingasitapproachestheclimax.()A.对B.错5【判断题】Successionisaseriesofchangesleadingtoastableclimax,whosecharacterisdeterminedbylocalenvironment.Onceestablished,abeech-mapleforestperpetuatesitself,anditsgeneralappearancechangeslittledespiteconstantreplacementofindividualswithinthecommunity.()A.错B.对第九章单元测试1【判断题】Bioticcommunityandabioticenvironmentfunctioningasasystem.Includesorganism-complexandwholecomplexofphysicalfactorsiscalledecosystem.()A.错B.对2【判断题】Ratioofcarbonfixed(photosynthesis)perunitofwaterlost(transpiration)iscalledWaterUseEfficiency.()A.对B.错3【判断题】Theratioofdrymatterproductiontotheassimilationofaparticularnutrientelement,usuallyexpressedasgramspergramiscalledNutrientuseefficiency(NUE).()A.错B.对4【判断题】Standingcropbiomassisamountofaccumulatedorg