英语阅读与写作课件

Who’sAfraidofMathsAnyway?2MenuLeadInActivityStudyoftheTextStudyofWordsandPhrasesGrammarTipsPracticalWritingQuestion1.Ifyouhadachoice,wouldyouchoosetobeamanorawoman?whyorwhynot?2.Whydoboysachievemoreinscienceandmaths?1.ReadIn2.Paragraph1,Line1-53.Paragraph1,Line5-94.Paragraph25.Paragraph36.Paragraph47.Paragraph58.Paragraph6ReadInManypeoplebelievethatboysusuallydobetterinmathematicsandsciencesubjectsthangirlsHowever,fewpeoplebothertolookdeeperintotheissuetofindoutthereasonsbehindthisbelief.Whydoboysachievemoreinscienceandmathematics?Areboysreallybrighter?Oraregirlsbeingheldbackforonereasonoranother?翻譯：許多人認為男孩在數學及理科方面通常比女孩強,然而,很少有人肯花功夫就此做更深入的調查以找出其中的原因.為什麼男孩在理科及數學方面更有成就呢?是男孩真的要強一些,還是這樣或那樣的原因阻礙了女孩在這方面的發展.TEXTPara1,line1—5Scientistshavetriedtocomeupwithbiologicalexplanationsforthedifferencebetweenboysandgirls.However,nonewereconvincing

enoughtoexplainthegeneralpicture.Asonescientistpointsout,“Thereareslightgeneticdifferencesbetweenthesexesatbirthwhichmayinfluencethesubjectsboysandgirlschoose.翻譯:科學家們一直謀略從生物學的角度來解釋男孩女孩間的這種差異.但是,沒有哪種解釋足以令人信服地說明一般的情況.正如一位科學家指出的:“孩子出生時會影響其學科選擇,他的遺傳差異是微乎其微的.”Newwordsandphrases(1)Anyway:inanycase1.eg:Iknowyoudon’tlikeit,butIdon’tcare.Anyway,youcantry.我知道你不喜歡它,但我不介意,不管怎樣你要試下.2.eg:Thankyouanyway.還是謝謝你.(2)Comeupwith:提出1.eg:Hecameupwithanewidea.他提出一個新的想法。2.eg:Theycameupwithagoodexcuseforbeinglateforthemeeting.他們為開會遲到提出了個好藉口。(3)None(+ofsb./sth.)指前文的複數名詞或代詞；不可數名詞或代詞。1.不定代詞。一個也沒有Eg:Noneoftheguestswanttostay.Eg:Noneofthemhas(have)comeback.2.副詞毫不,決不Eg:thesalarytheypaymeisnonetoohigh.3.nonebut只有Eg:Nonebutfoolshavebelieved.(4)Convincev.(+sbofsth)說服persuade1.eg:Shefailedtoconvincehimofhismistake.她無法使他明白他的錯誤.2.eg:Hemanagedtoconvincethejurythathewastellingthetruth.他決定使法官相信他說的是事實.Convincing:adj.令人信服的persuasiveConvincingargument(5)Enough:足夠形容詞/副詞+enough+名詞Eg:Heisfoolishenoughtotryitwithouthelp.Eg:enoughfood(6)Pointout:indicate指出Eg:Iwouldliketopointoutyourmistakes.我想指出你的錯誤.(7)Atbirth:出生時Bybirth:生來Eg:Heisanoblebybirth.(8)Influence:v.haveaneffecton影響1.eg:It’syourchoice,don’tletanyoneelseinfluenceyou.這是你的選擇,不要讓別人影響你.2.eg:Hisloveforourcountryinfluencedme.他對我們國家的愛影響著我.n.影響eg:Herwordshadastronginfluenceonhim.她的話對他有很強的影響.Para1.line5—9Butthedifficultyisthatbythetimechildrenreachschoolage,therearesomanyotherinfluencesthatitisalmostimpossibletotellwhethergirlsareworseatscienceandmaths,orwhetherthey’vebeenbroughtuptothinkofthesesubjectsasboys’‘territory’.”翻譯:問題在於孩子到了上學年齡時,受其他因素的影響太多,以至我們無法搞清楚,女孩在理科和數學方面是本來就差呢,還是在她們成長的過程中被灌輸了‘這些學科屬於男孩領域’的思想.(9)bringup:raise,educatesb.養育eg:Marybroughtuphersononherown.瑪麗親手養育她的兒子.eg:JohnwasborninBeijingbutbroughtupinShanghai.約翰出生有北京但在上海被帶大.(10)thinkof…as:regardas把…看作eg:Shethoughtofthegirlasherowndaughter.她把女孩看作自己的女兒.Para2,line10—16Statisticsshowthatinmathematics,atleast,girlsareequaltoboys.Arecentreportsuggeststhatgirlsonlystopstudyingmathematicsbecauseofsocialattitudes.Oneofthereport’sauthorssays,“Whileitissociallyunacceptableforpeoplenottobeabletoreadandwrite,itisstillacceptableforwomentosaythattheyare‘hopeless’atmaths.Ourresearchshowsthat,althoughgirlsgetmarkswhichareasgoodastheboys,theyhavenotbeenencouragedtodoso.”翻譯:有統計數字表明,至少在數學方面,女孩和男孩的能力不相上下.最近一份報告顯示,女孩子不願繼續學數學只是因為受到社會觀念的影響.寫這份報告的其中一位作者說:“文盲不能被社會所接受,而如果女性說她們對數學感到絕望,這種說法仍然是可以接受的.我們的研究表明,儘管女孩能得到和男孩一樣好的分數,卻沒有人鼓勵她們這樣做.(11)becauseof:followedbyanoun,pronounorverbin–ingform,meaning“asaresultof”because:followedbyaclause,meaning“forthereasonthat”eg:Becauseoftherain,thesportsmeetingwasputofftillnextFriday.因為下雨,運動會延遲到下周五.eg:Janewaslateforworkbecausehercarbrokedown.簡遲到是因為車子壞了.(12)as…as與…一樣as+形容詞/副詞原級+asas+形+a+可數名詞單數+aseg:Ourcountryisasbeautifulasyours.eg:Sheisascleverastudentasanyothers.(13)encourage:v.(+sb.todosth.)鼓勵eg:Heencouragedmetoworkhardinschool.Para3.Theexplanationforthedifference,whichisapparentduringtheteenageyears,goesasfarbackasearlychildhoodexperiences.Fromtheirfirstdaysinnurseryschool,girlsarenotencouragedtoworkontheirownortocompletetasks,althoughboysare.Forexample,boysandnotgirls.areoftenaskedto“help”withrepairwork.Thisencouragementleadstoawayoflearninghowtosolveproblemslateroninlife.Evidenceshowsthatexceptionalmathematiciansandscientistsdidnothaveteacherswhosuppliedanswers:theyhadtofindoutforthemselves.翻譯:要解釋在少年時代十分明顯的這一差異,可以追溯到童年時代初期的經歷.從開始上幼稚園時起,就沒有人鼓勵女孩自己動手完成任務,而男孩卻相反.例如,通常要求男孩,而不是女孩,幫助做一些修理工作,這樣的鼓勵使男孩學會了在以後的生活中如何解決問題.有證據表明那些傑出的數學家及科學家,他們的老師都不會為他們提供答案,他們得自己去尋求答案.(14)goback(to)追溯至eg:ThisfestivalgoesbacktoRomantimes.這個節日要追溯至羅馬時代.(15)leadto:resultin導致eg:Toolittlerestoftenleadstoillness.太少的休息經常導致生病.eg:Hardworkleadstosuccess.努力工作會成功.(16)Onone’sown獨立地Eg:Hedidhishomeworkonhisown.他自己做完作業.(17)Evidence:wordsorthingsthatprovesth.證據Eg:Therewasn’tenoughevidencetoprovehimguilty.沒有足夠的證據證明他有罪.(18)Exceptional:outstanding傑出的Eg:Theexceptionalplayerwonthechampionship.這個傑出的運動員贏得冠軍.Eg:Thegirlhasexceptionalabilitiesasawriter.這個女孩有成為作家的傑出能力.(19)Supply:v.提供,供給Supplier:n.供應商Supply+sb.withsth.Supply+sth.tosbEg:supplypeoplewithgasSupplygastopeoplePara4.Afurtherreportonmathsteachingrevealsthatteachersseemtogivemoreattentiontoboysthantogirls.Mostteacherswhotookpartinthestudyclaimedthattheyexpecttheirmalestudentstodobetteratmathematicsandsciencesubjectsthantheirfemalestudents.Allofthistendstoencourageboystoworkharderinthesesubjects,andgivesthemconfidenceandconvincesthemthattheycansucceed.翻譯:一份有關數學教學的報告表明,老師給予男孩的關注似乎比女孩多.參加研究的大多數老師聲稱,他們期望男生能在數理化方面勝於女生.這一切都鼓勵男孩在這些科目上更加努力,增強了他們的信心,並使他們相信自己能成功.(20)Reveal:v.makeknown;showEg:Whathesaidrevealedasecret.(21)Takepartin:attendEg:Theytookanactivepartinthesportsmeeting.(22)Claim:v.聲稱eg:Heclaimedhehadacollegedegree.要求ClaimtheprotectionofthelawN.要求Hisclaimtoownthehouseisinvalid.(23)Tend:behelpful易於Tendtodosth.Plantstendtodieinhotweather.Para5.Interestingly,bothboysandgirlstendtoregardsuch“masculine”subjectslikemathematicsandscienceasdifficult.Yetithasbeensuggestedthatgirlsavoidmathematicscourses,notbecausetheyaredifficult,butforsocialreasons.翻譯:有趣的是,男孩和女孩都認為像數理化這種“屬於陽性”的科目很難.但是,也有人認為女孩不願學數學,並不要因為這些科目難,而是出於社會原因.(24)Suggest:建議表建議propose，命令order，要求demand，及其派生的同根名詞後面的主語、表語、同位語從句中謂語用虛擬,即(should)+動詞原形Eg:Hesuggestedthatwe(should)gothere.Eg:Itisrequiredthattheequipmentshouldbetested.

(25)Avoid:v.Keepawayfrom避免Avoid+n./pron/v.ingEg:Weavoidedanaccident.Eg:Youcanhardlyavoidmeetingher.其他的如：Mind,finish,enjoy,miss,can’thelp+doingEg:Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?Para6.Mathematicsandsciencearemainlymasculinesubjects,andtherefore,asgirlsbecometeenagers,theyarelesslikelyto

takethemup.Girlsdonotseemtowanttobeinopencompetitionwithboys.Neitherdotheywanttodobetterthan

boysbecausetheyareafraidtoappearlessfeminineandso,lessattractive.翻譯:數理化主要是男孩的科目,因此,女孩成為青少年的時候,便不再花更多的精力在這些科目上.女孩似乎不想與男孩進行公開競爭,她們也不想比男孩學得更好,因為她們害怕因此顯得男孩子氣而失去吸引力.(26)Beliketodo:可能人或物作主語Eg:Heisliketocomehere.Eg:Itisliketorain.(27)Takeup:begintodoorlearnEg:Hehastakenupphotographyasahobby.Eg:Hetookuppaintingattheageoffive.(28)Neitherdotheywanttodobetterthanboys.否定詞neither,nor,never,半否定詞seldom,hardly,rarely放在句首，句子要部分倒裝。如：eg:Hecanhardlybelieveit.→Hardlycanhebelieveit.eg:Irarelysawthebeautifulsunset.→RarelydidIseethebeautifulsunset.Grammar

名詞的複數一規則的名詞的複數變化1.一般的名詞,直接加s.Year-years,day-days2.以o結尾,加es.Potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes,但radio,piano,photo除外,它們加s.3.以f或fe結尾,去f或fe,加ves.Knife-knives,wife-wives4.以s,ch,sh,x結尾,加esBus-buses,watch-watches,brush-brushes,box-boxes5.以輔音字母加y結尾,去y改i加esFactory-factories,baby-babies1.單複數形式相同Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,aircraft2.合成名詞變複數,將主體名詞變為複數Sisters-in-law,boystudents,lookers-on3.如沒有主體名詞,就在最後一個詞加複數詞尾Go-betweens,draw-backs二不規則名詞的複數變化4.由man和woman構成的合成名詞,兩者都變複數.Mandoctor----mendoctorsWomanservant----womenservants5.有些名詞在固定片語中一定要用複數形式.Takepains,makefriendswith,shakehandswith6.以-is結尾的名詞變複數時將變為-esThesis—theses,axis---axesBasis---basesWriting

BusinessCardsCompanyNameTitle

Address1PhoneAddress2FaxCity,StateZipe-mailUnitfour

MovingfromDetroittoHobbs

KeyVocabularyDiscussingthequestionTextpresentationandlanguagepoints

StudyofwordsandphrasesUSAmapKeyVocabulary1.Accidentallyn.accident車禍、故adj.accidental偶然地Eg:Imetherinthestreetaccidentally.2.Adjust適應、調整、使適應Eg:Imustadjustmyselftotheuniversitylifeassoonaspossible.

3.appoint委派、任命、約定n.appointment約定、makeanappointmentEg.ItisreallybeyondourbeliefthatTomwasappointedmarketingmanager.4.celebrate慶祝n.celebration5.civilization.文明v.civilize使文明、使開化adj.Civilized文明的6.Climate氣候adj.Climatic氣候的n.climatology氣候學7.concern使擔心、使關心prep.concerning關於、涉及到beconcernedabout擔心、憂慮Eg.Ihavebeenbeingconcernedaboutmyparents’health.8.conscious意識到的n.consciousnessBeconsciousof意識到Eg.IamconsciousofthemistakesIhavemade.9.curiosity好奇心adj.Curious好奇的10.evaporate蒸發n.evaporation

11.fringe邊緣onthefringeof在---邊緣Eg.Onthefringeofdeath12.graciouslyadj.gracious有禮貌的、得體的13.hostess女主人host男主人waiter男招待員waitress女招待員14.humidityadj.Humid潮濕的

15.idealn.idea16.industrialn.industryn.industrialization工業化adjindustrialized工業化的adj.Industrious勤勞的17.moistureadj.Moist濕的18.moreover=what’smore=furthermore此外、而且19.occurn.occurrence發生Eg.Anideaoccursinmyheadsuddenly.

20.Punctual.N.punctuality守時Eg.Punctualityisveryimportantforeveryoneintheintercourse.21.Rarelyhardlyscarcelyseldom都表示幾乎不的意思22.speculationadj.Speculate推測、猜想

Textpresentationandlanguagepoints

Line1-71.---theycriedasifIwereleavingthecountryandmovingtoaforeignland.Asif:inawaythatsuggeststhatsomethingistrue.Eg:A.Hebehavedasifnothinghadhappened.B.Irememberthewholethingasifithappenedyesterday.c.Sheclosedhereyesasifshetoowereverytired.

Line8-142.First,Ihadtogetusedtothechangeinclimate.Getusedto:learntoacceptsomethingEg:A.Hehadgotusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning.B.ThefoodinJapanisstrangeatfirst,butyou’llsoongetusedtoit.3.EventhoughtheweatherinMichiganisnotideal,itwaswhatIhadknownallmylife.1)Eventhough:inspiteofthefactthat

Examples:A.Theywillsupportyoueventhoughyoudon’tsucceed.B.EventhoughIhavetowalkalltheway,I’llgetthere.2)ideal:mostsuitableEg:A.Thatwouldbeanidealplaceforapicnic.B.Itwouldbeidealifshecouldstayforanothertwoweeks.4.Inhobbsanymoisturethatmayaccidentally

occurimmediatelyevaporates.1)accidentally:happeningunexpectedlyorbychance.

Eg:Ionlymetheraccidentally.2)occur:comeintobeing,happenEg:A.Thedoctorinquiredwhathadoccurred.B.Theaccidentoccurredonlyminutesaftertakeoff.Lines15—25.Insteadofseveralmajornewspapers,avarietyoflocalradioandtelevisionchannels…1)insteadof:inplaceofEg:insteadofFlorida,let’sgotoMexicothissummer.

5.EveryoneinDetroitisonthemove…Onthemove:active;movingordevelopingEg:Peopleinbigcitiesarealwaysonthemove.Lines40-476.IhavenowlivedinHobbsforayear,andIfindthatIamslowingdowntoo.Slowdown:makeorbecomeslowerEg:Thetrainbegantoslowdownasitapproachedthestation.

USAMAP

Studyofwordsandphrases一生allone’slife背井離鄉leavethecountryandmovetoaforeignland一件大事amajorevent應邀參加beinvitedin緩慢下來slowdown

習慣於getusedto偶然出現accidentallyoccur忙碌、奔波onthemove引起興奮的源頭asourceofrealexcitement約定的時間theappointedtime意識到beconsciousofhomeworkPleasewriteacompositionaboutthelifeaboutlivinginabigcity.Pleaserecitesomekeywords.Pleasediscusssomeproblemsregardingtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesaboutlivinginabigcityorasmalltown.UNITFIVEWinningatAllCostsHighlightsTopic:SportsandDrugsGrammarTips:ComparativeFormReadingSkills:UsingtheLogicofaPassagetoFindOuttheMeaningsofWordsPracticalReading:ReadingaFactSheetPracticalWriting:FaxStudyGuide:LearningYourWayAroundUNITFIVE

LeadIn

BackgroundInformation

Text

NewWordsandPhrases

Translation

WorkOut

FunTime

LeadIn

Question:

Therearealotofwaystokeepusfit,whichway(s)doyoulikemost?Whyorwhynot?

Ideas:

ahealthydietphysicalexerciselivingconditionstakingdrugs

BackgroundInformation

Doyouknowwhattheyare?Opium(鴉片)Dancingoutreach(搖頭丸)Heroin(海洛因)Icedrug(冰毒)Doyouknowwhattheyare?Allofthesearedrugs.Sokeepawayfromthem!TEXTReadInParagraphOne(Lines1-6)ParagraphTwo(Lines7-13)ParagraphThree(Lines14-18)ParagraphFour&ParagraphFive

(Lines19-20)&(Lines21-26)ParagraphSix(Lines27-31)ParagraphSeven(Lines32-39)ReadIn

Itiseveryathlete’slifelongdreamtobeaworldwinner.However,inthefaceofkeencompetitionforthechampionship,winningagoldmedalmustbeadifficulttaskaswellasarealchallenge.Howcanonewin?Towinatallcosts?Evenatthecostoftakingillegaldrugs?

譯文WinningatAllCosts

ParagraphOne

Allovertheworld,manykindsofdrugsareusedbyathletescompetinginsports.Someareusedtobuildmusclesorgivetheathleteextrastrength.Otherskillthepainofinjuriesorcalmnerves.Manyofthemhaveserioussideeffects

andareharmfultothebodywhenusedoveralongperiodoftime.Someofthemareillegalandathletesarenotallowedtotakethembeforeanevent.譯文ParagraphTwo

Therisksofdisqualificationandbodilydamageseemtohavelittleeffecton

someathletes.PerhapsthemostfamousofthemallisBenJohnson.In1988,thisCanadianathletebecamethefastestmanintheworldrecordwhiledoingso.However,whenitwasprovedthathehadreliedon

drugstogainthetitle,BenJohnsonwasstrippedof

themedalandsenthomeimmediately.Hewasbannedfrominternationalathleticsfortwoyears.譯文ParagraphThree

Takingsubstancestoimprovesportsperformancesisnotnew.AthletesinancientEgyptdrankamixtureofboiledleavesandrosepetalsbeforearace.Theseathletesbelievedthatthedrinkwouldmakethemwinnersoftheirevents.Thewinnerofthe200metersattheOlympicGamesof668B.C.inancientGreeceusedaspecialdietoffigs.譯文

ParagraphFour&ParagraphFive

Withthedevelopmentofmedicalscience,modernathleteshaveanevenwiderchoicewhenitcomesto

pillsanddrugs.Manyathletestakestimulantstohelpthemperformwellincompetitions.Stimulantsmaketheuserfeelfullofenergyandconfidence.Ontheotherhand,theycanalsomakeapersonill-temperedandviolent.Althoughtheyareofficiallybannedinsport,itisaknownfactthatmanycyclists,basketballandfootballplayersusestimulantstomakethemmorecompetitive.譯文ParagraphSix

Someathletesalsotakedrugsnormallyusedtorelievestressinpatientswhosufferfrom

highbloodpressureorwhohaveheartproblems.Snookerplayers,archersandthosewhoshootincompetitionallneedsteadyhandsandcoolnerves.Itisbelievedthatsomeathleteshavetakenthese“calmers”forthesereasons.譯文ParagraphSeven

Allthesedrugscancauseserioushealthproblemsiftakeninlargedoses.Forexample,stimulantsareverydangerous.Theydonotcreateenergy—theytakeitfromthebody.Eventually,usersfeeltiredandwashedout.Thereisalsoadangerofhavingaheartattackwhendoinghardexercise.Thisisbecausepeoplewhotakestimulantsthinktheycankeepgoingandtheypushtheirbodiestoofar.ABritishcyclist,TommySimpson,andLenBias,anAmericanbasketballplayer,bothdiedfromanoverdoseofstimulants.譯文NewWordsandPhraseslifelong

adj.畢生的，終身的eg:mylifelongfriendkeenadj.

強烈的，激烈的；聰明的，敏銳的bekeenonsth./doingsth.熱衷於，渴望championshipn.優勝；冠軍頭銜championn.冠軍champagnen.香檳酒champaignn.大平原；原野campaignn.戰役；運動challengev.向…挑戰eg:Ichallengedhimtoagameoftennis.n.挑戰eg:Heaccepthisfriend’schallengetoswimacrosstheriver.atallcosts不惜代價eg:Wardestroyseverythingandshouldbepreventedatallcosts.competev.競爭competent

adj.有能力的，能幹的competitionn.競爭，比賽competitiveadj.競爭性的competitorn.競爭者，對手extra:additionaladj.額外的eg:Theyweredemandingextrapayfor

extrawork.Weagreedonapricebutafterwardstheywanted10dollarsextra.sideeffect副作用eg:Sleepingdrugsoftenhaveharmfulhabit-formingsideeffects.

Onesideeffectofmodernlifeisstress.harmfuladj.有害的；傷害的harmlessadj.無害的；無損失的harmn./v.傷害，損害；危害eg:Theshipwascaughtinabadstorm,butitcametonoharm.

eventn.A.專案eg:Thenexteventwillbethe100-meterrace.B.事件eg:thechiefeventof2004inanyevent

無論如何intheeventofsth.

如果，假若eg:Intheeventofrain,thepartywillbeheldindoors.

disqualificationn.取消資格disqualifyv.使…不適合，使無資格，使不能eg:Hewonthegamebutwaslater

disqualifiedbecausehecheated.bodilyadj.身體的，肉體的eg:Helikeshisbodilycomforts.adv.(指動作)全體地，整個地eg:Hepickedthechildupbodilyandcarriedhertobed.haveaneffecton影響eg:Thatdrinkhashadquiteaneffectonhim.

Theadvertisingcampaigndidn’thave

mucheffectonsales.relyon:dependon信任，信賴，依靠eg:Thatboy’shopeless—youcan’trelyon

himtodoanything.Youcan’trelyontheweather.

這天氣可說不准。titlen.A.頭銜

eg:Hewontheworldheavyweighttitle

lastyear.B.名稱，標題

eg:Thetitleoftheplayis“Hamlet”.C.所有權

eg:Dotheyhaveanytitletothisland.stripof

剝奪eg:

Hewasstrippedofallhispossessions.banv.

明令禁止eg:Thegovernmenthasbannedtheuseofchemicalweapons.n.

禁令eg:There’sabanonsmokingintheaters.athleticsn.體育運動，競技athleticadj.運動的，運動的，體格健壯的athleten.運動員，體育家substancen.物質，藥物eg:Water,iceandsnowarethesame

substanceindifferentforms.IwastoldthatJohnsonusedtobea

substanceabuser.mixturen.混合物eg:Theatmosphereismixtureofseveralgases.mix

v.混合eg:Oilandwaterdon’tmix.boiledadj.煮熟的boilingpoint沸點freezingpoint冰點medical

adj.醫學的，醫療的，醫術的，醫藥的eg:amedicalstudentamedicalexaminationmedicinen.藥，醫學cometo+doing/sth.A.談到，關於

eg:Joeisnotgoodatsports,butwhenitcomestoEnglishheisthebestinhisclass.B.達到

eg:Ithascometomynoticethatsomemoneyismissing.C.突然想起eg:Suddenlythewordsofthesongcametome.

突然間，我想起這首歌的歌詞來了。stimulantn.興奮劑，刺激物，鼓舞stimulatev.A.刺激eg:Exercisestimulatesthebody.

鍛煉促進身體活動。B.鼓勵

eg:Shewasstimulatedintonewefforts.

她受到鼓勵做出新的努力。confidencen.信心，自信eg:Wehavefullconfidencethatourteamwillwinthegame.Graduallyhegainedconfidence

inhimself.confidentadj.有自信的，可靠的，大膽的officiallyadv.正式地，官方地officialadj.官方的，官員的，正式的n.官員，高級職員officern.軍官，員警sufferv.遭受，承受eg:Susansufferedagreatlosswhenherhouseburneddown.sufferfrom

經受eg:Myfathersuffersfromheadaches.

我父親經常頭痛。dosen.液態藥(物)，一劑，一服eg:Takeonedose,threetimesaday.adoseofhardwork

一份苦差事overdosen.服藥過量eg:Hediedbytakinganoverdose.createv.創造，創建eg:Godcreatedtheworld.creationn.創造，建立；作品；宇宙，萬物eg:Manisthelordofcreation.

人類為萬物之靈。creativeadj.有創造力的，創造性的creaturen.動物，生物eg:creaturefromouterspace

eventually

：atlast;intheendadv.最後eg:Heeventuallyrealizedthathehadmisunderstoodhisfather.eventual

adj.最後的eg:theeventualsuccessofhiseffortsbewashedoutA.筋疲力盡

eg:Shewaswashedoutafteralongday’swork.B.衝垮，破壞，毀掉

eg:Thebaseballgamewaswashedout(byrain).

那場棒球賽泡湯了。washout

洗掉

eg:Wassheabletowashthedirtymarkoutofhercoat.Translation

成為一名冠軍是每個運動員終身的夢想，但面對眾多的競爭者，贏得獎牌又是如此艱難。怎麼贏呢？不惜一切代價？甚至不惜服用違禁品？不惜一切贏得勝利

（第一段）

參加體育比賽的世界各國運動員都要服用各種藥物。有些可用於增長肌肉或使運動員增強超常的力量，另一些可起消除傷痛或鎮靜神經的作用。許多藥物如果長時間服用會產生嚴重的副作用而且對身體有害。其中有一些是違禁藥品，不允許運動員在賽前服用。（第二段）

然而取消比賽資格和對身體造成損害的風險對於某些運動員並無多少影響。其中最有名的是本·詹森。1988年，這位加拿大選手因服用違禁藥品而成為世界紀錄中跑得最快的人。然而，本·詹森靠藥物贏得金牌的事一經查實，他的金牌立刻被取消，他本人也被遣送回家。他被禁止參加國際比賽兩年。

（第三段）靠服用藥物來提高比賽成績並不是新鮮事。古埃及運動員在賽前飲用一種用煮熟的草葉和玫瑰花瓣混合的飲料，這些運動員相信那種飲料能幫助自己在各自的賽項中成為冠軍。西元前668年在古希臘舉行的奧運會上，200米賽跑冠軍就食用了一種原料為無花果的特質食品。（第四、五段）

隨著醫藥科學的發展，現代運動員在服用藥物發麵有了範圍更廣的選擇。許多運動員服用興奮劑來提高自己在比賽中的成績。興奮劑能使服用者感到精力充沛，充滿自信。另一方面，也能使人脾氣暴躁，變得暴戾。儘管這些藥物在體育賽事中被明令禁止，但眾所周知的是，許多自行車運動員、籃球運動員和足球運動員都服用興奮劑，以增強自己的競爭力。（第六段）

有些運動員也服用鎮靜藥，這類藥通常是高血壓或心臟病患者使用的。檯球運動員、射箭選手和射擊選手都需要冷靜的頭腦和平穩的雙手，一些運動員服用此類“鎮靜劑”的原因正在於此。（第七段）

如果大劑量服用，這些藥物都會帶來嚴重的健康問題。例如，興奮劑就非常危險。興奮劑本身並不能產生能量，它們吸取身體內部的能量。最終，服用者會感到疲倦，甚至精疲力竭。做劇烈運動時還有突發心臟病的危險，這是因為服用興奮劑的人以為自己能夠堅持下去，因而會運動過量。英國自行車選手湯米·辛普森和美國籃球運動員萊恩·比亞斯都死於過量服用興奮劑。WorkOutCompletethesentenceswiththeproperformsofthewordsgiveninparentheses.1.Thepartyhasbecomedeeply(nerve)_______aboutthepossibilityoflosingthenextelection.2.He(mixture)______bluepaintwithyellowpainttoproduceagreencolour.nervousmixed3.Thefood(final)______arrivedattheendoflastweekandthehungrypeoplejumpedhappily.4.Youdrovetoofastroundthatcorner–itwasa(risk)______thingtodo.5.Mr.Heathhaspromisedtore-employa(substance)________numberofworkers.6.Needletreatmentcanbringgreat(relieve)______tothepatients.finallyriskysubstantialrelief7.Themanageris(confidence)_______aboutthewaybusinessisprogressing.8.Hemeansno(harmful)______bysayingwhathethinks.9.Thereisno(rely)______informationaboutlastyear’sproduction.10.Severalfirmshaveunitedto(competitive)______againstthebiggestoneinthiscity.confidentharmreliablecompeteFunTime

Rushon!Herearetwoquestions.Answerthemasfastaspossible.Ready?Begin!

1.TodayisWednesday.Bobcameherefourdaysago.Marycametwodaysearlierthanhedid.

Question:OnwhatdaydidMarycome?

Answer:Thursday.

2.OldMacDonaldhadafarm.Onthefarmthereweresomecows.Fiveofthemwereyellow,eightofthemwerebrown,andtheotherswereblackandwhite.NowJohnnycametoseeOldMacDonald.Hewantedtoborrowablackcowfromhim.

Question:CouldOldMacDonaldlendhimablackcow?

Answer:No.

Unitsix

Entertainment

Whyareweaddictedtosoaps?UnitsixText

PreviewContextAnalysisPhrasesandnewwordsTextStudyTestyourselfVocabularyfileSentencemakingFuntimeDiscussionAreyouoneofthosewhowouldgluetotelevisionwatchingtheirfavoriteserialseverynight?Whyorwhynot?ParaphrasesofdifficultsentencesinthetextLine6-7Thesoapoperahassucceedincapturingtheimaginationoftheentertainmentworld.Line21-22Ifafavoritecharacterisunfairlytreated,thisusuallyprovokesstrongreactions?Line35-36Adramaticincidentsuchasanargumentisdeliberatelycutshortbytheclosingtitlesequence.Line41-43Someviewerssaytheyenjoygossipingaboutthesoapasmuchastheyenjoywatchingtheactualprogram. previewContextAnalysisLines1-71…thefactremainsthatmillionsoftuneineagerlytotheirFavoriteserialeveryday.1)tunetoin:setaradioortelevisiontoreceivebroadcastsfromaparticularstation.Example:wealwaystuneintoChannel8towatchthe10o’clocknationalandinternationalnews.2)serial:astorywhichisbroadcastontelevisionorradiopublishedinpartsoveraperiodoftime.Example:WatchingTVserialsisherfavoritepastime.2.Thesoapoperahassucceedincapturingtheimaginationoftheentireworld.

翻译：肥皂剧抓住了天下所有人的想象力．

Capture:makesbfeelinterestedorexcited.

Example:

1.Hersilveryvoicecapturedtheattentionofthelisteners.

2.Theirdaringescapehascapturedtheimaginationofthewholecountry.

Lines8-163.However,soapoperasaremuchmoredramaticthanreallife.Dramatic:suddenandexciting;vividlystrikingExamples:A.Ashortsentenceafteraseriesoflongsentencescanhavea~effect.B.Whatdoyouthinkofthedramaticchangestakingplaceontheinternationalscene.4….sotheviewscaneasilyidentifywit