全国青年教师素养大赛一等奖课件unit-4

高等院校研究生英语系列教材综合教程（上）INTEGRATEDCOURSE高等院校研究生英语系列教材综合教程（上）12Unit4

LoveandMarriage

2Unit4LoveandMarriage2Content

Startingout

ReadingFocus

ReadingMore

PracticalTranslation

FocusedWriting

FinalProjectContent3Task1Workingroupstolistthepossiblerelationshipsanormalhumanbeingwillencounterinhislifetime.Alsolistthewordsandactivitiesrelatedtoacertainrelationship.Startingout—Task1Task1Startingout—Task14e.g.

Friendship,work,peer,love,parental,marriage…Wordsforreference:Friendship:care,association,esteem,

empathy,friendliness,attachment,

affinity,bond,harmony,intimacy,

affection;goingtomovies,heart-to

-hearttalk,playingsportstogetherStartingout—Task1e.g.Startingout—Task15Work:co-worker,managers,teamleaders,businesstalk,businesslunch,teamwork,promotion…Love:affection,attraction,romanticdating,candlelitdinner,hug,kiss,courtship…Parental:unconditionallove,deepcare…Startingout—Task1Work:co-worker,managers,tea6Task3Readthefollowingparagraphanddiscusswithyourpartnerwhatmakesahappymarriageandwhy.TheBeatlessang,“Allyouneedislove.”Yourfriendsmighttellyou,“Goodcommunicationisallyoureallyneed.”Yourparentsadviseyou,“Thekeyistomarrysomeonewiththesamevalues.”Whatdoyouthinkisessentialforahappymarriage?Startingout—Task3Task3Startingout—Task37LoveandLovingRelationshipsReadingFocusReadingFocus8

GlobalUnderstanding

2DetailedInformation3CriticalThinking4LanguagePoints5ReadingFocusVocabularyinAction6BackgroundInformation1GlobalUnderstanding2Detaile9ReadingFocus

–GlobalUnderstanding1(Paras.1-3)2(Paras.4-7)3(Paras.8-12)Loveisessentialforhumansurvival.Whatislove?Whatbringspeopletogether?

ReadingFocus–GlobalUnderst10Discussingroupstoidentifythemissinginformation.ReadingMore—Global

UnderstandingPartIMainidea:Loveisessentialforhumansurvival.Arguments:A.___________________________________________

___________________________________________B.___________________________________________

___________________________________________C.___________________________________________

___________________________________________Thefamilyistheearliestandmostimportantsourceofloveandemotionalsupport.Childrendeprivedoflovehavebeenknowntodevelopavarietyofproblems.Researchshowsthequalityofcareinfantsreceived

affectshowtheylatergetalongwithfriends.Discussingroupstoidentify11ReadingMore—Global

UnderstandingPartID.___________________________________________

___________________________________________E.___________________________________________

___________________________________________F.___________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________Loveforoneself,orself-love,isalsoessentialfor

oursocialandemotionaldevelopment.Socialscientistsdescribeself-loveasimportantforself-esteem.Peoplewhodon’tlikethemselvesmaynotbeabletoreturnlovebutmayconstantlyseekloverelationshipstobolstertheirownpoorself-images.ReadingMore—GlobalUnderstand12ReadingMore—Global

UnderstandingPartIIMainidea:Whatislove?Arguments:A.Loveisan_____________________Supportingevidence:a.______________________________________

_______________________________________b._______________________________________

c._______________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________d.________________________________________

________________________________________elusiveconceptPeoplegiveavarietyofanswerswhenaskedwhatloveis.

Lovehasmanydimensions.Itcanberomantic,exciting,obsessive,andirrational,platonic,calming,altruistic,andsensible.Itvariesindegreeandintensityandacrosssocialcontexts.ReadingMore—GlobalUnderstand13ReadingMore—Global

UnderstandingPartIIB.Threeelementsarenecessaryforaloverelationship:Supportingevidence:a._________________________________________

b._________________________________________

_________________________________________c._________________________________________

_________________________________________C.____________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

Supportingevidence:___________________________________________

___________________________________________awillingnesstopleaseandaccommodatetheother.anacceptanceoftheotherperson’sfaultsandshortcomings.asmuchconcernaboutthelovedone’swelfareasone’sown.Love,especiallylongtermlove,hasnothingincommonwiththeimagesofloveorfrenziedsexthatwegetfromHollywood,television,andromancenovels.“Real”loveisclosertowhatoneauthorcalled

“stirring-the-oatmeallove”.ReadingMore—GlobalUnderstand14ReadingMore—Global

UnderstandingPartIIIMainidea:__________________________________________________________________________________________Arguments:A.___________________________________________

___________________________________________B.___________________________________________

___________________________________________C.___________________________________________

___________________________________________Whatbringspeopletogether?Andisthereapersonouttherethatoneismeantfor?Empiricalstudiesshowthatculturalnormsandvalues,notfate,bringpeopletogether.Criticismandapprovalteachuswhatisacceptableromanticbehaviorandwithwhom.Lustanddesirearedifferentfromlove—especiallyromanticlove.ReadingMore—GlobalUnderstand15ReadingMore—Global

UnderstandingPartIIID.___________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

E.____________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________Oneshouldnotconcludethatdesirealwaysculminatesinphysicalintimacyorthatdesireisthesameasromanticlove.Healthyloverelationships,whetherphysicalornot(suchasloveforfamilymembers),reflectabalanceofcaring,intimacy,andcommitment.ReadingMore—GlobalUnderstand16Task2Choosethesentencethatbestexpressesthemeaningofthesentencefromthetext.

(P105)Key:2 3 4 56 7 8 9 10BABCDBCDCBReadingFocus

–DetailedInformationTask2Choosethesentencethat17CriticalThinkingReadingFocusCriticalThinkingReadingFocus18StepOneReadthefollowingsentencesfromthetextanddecidewhetheryouagreewiththeauthor.Workingroupstoprovideexamplestosupportyouropinions.1.Love—asbothanemotionandabehavior—isessentialforhumansurvival.2.Loveforoneself,orself-love,isalsoessentialforoursocialandemotionaldevelopment.3.Loveisanelusiveconcept.4.Lovehasmanydimensions.ReadingFocus—CriticalThinkingStepOne1.Love—asbothanem19StepTwoDiscussingroupsthefollowingquestions.1.Whatdoyouthinkistheidealrelationship?2.Whatisessentialforalong-termrelationship?3.Peoplesayit’sdifficulttomaintainlong-term

relationshipnowadays.Doyouagreeandwhy?ReadingFocus—CriticalThinkingStepTwoReadingFocus—Critical20Babiesandchildrendeprivedoflovehaveknowntodevelopawidevarietyofproblem—forexample,depression,headaches,physiologicalimpairments,andneuroticandpsychosomaticdifficulties—thatsometimeslastalifetime.(Para.1)ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

deprivedof:

剥夺；使丧失

e.g.

Hewasdeprivedofhisrightstoeducation.

他被剥夺了受教育的权利。impairment:thefactthatapartofyourbodyisunabletodosomethingfully（身体机能的）受损e.g.

ahearingimpairment听力受损neurotic:extremelyworriedaboutsomethinginanunreasonableway极端焦虑的；神经质的

psychosomatic:oforrelatingtoaphysicaldisorderorillnessthatiscausedorseemstobeinfluencedbyemotionalfactors（疾病）由身心失调引起的Babiesandchildrendeprivedo21Amongotherthings,peoplewholikethemselvesaremoreopentocriticismandlessdemandingofothers.(Para.3)ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

amongotherthings:

除了别的以外，此外e.g.

1)

She’sverykeenonsport:amongotherthings,sheplays

tennistwiceaweek.2)Atthemeetingtheydiscussed,amongotherthings,

recenteventsinJapan.demanding:(指人)对他人要求高的,苛求的

e.g.

Childrenaresodemanding:theyneedconstantattention.Amongotherthings,peoplewho223.

Lovehasmanydimensions.(Para.5)dimension:

anaspectofasituationthatinfluencesthewaythatyouthinkaboutthesituation方面；部分e.g.

1)

Thereisadimensiontotheproblemthatwehave

notdiscussed.2)Thereisapoliticaldimensiontotheaccusations.ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

3.Lovehasmanydimensions.(234.

Althoughlovemayinvolvepassionateyearning,respectisamoreimportantquality.(Para.6)ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

yearning:

n.

astrongdesireorfeelingofwantingsomething向往，思慕，渴望

e.g.

1)

Hehadadeepyearningtoreturntohishometown.2)Isupposeit'sbecauseIliveinacrowdedcitythatI

havethisyearningforopenspaces.

4.Althoughlovemayinvolvep245.Evenduringthepreteenyears,romanticexperiencesareculturedinthesensethatsocietalandgrouppracticesandexpectationsshaperomanticexperience.(Para.10)

preteen:

of,relatingto,characteristicof,ordesignedforpreteens13岁以下儿童的e.g.

preteenfashions青春期前儿童时装societal:relatingtoaparticularsociety,orthewaysocietyisorganized社会的

e.g.

societalchanges社会变革societalforces社会势力ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

5.Evenduringthepreteenyea256.ReganandBerscheid(1999)differentiatebetweenlust,desire,andromanticlove.(Para.11)differentiate:

toseeorshowadifferencebetweenthings=distinguish

识别；看出······的差别

e.g.

1)Neiliscolor-blindandcannotdifferentiate

betweenredandgreen.

2)It'ssometimeshardtodifferentiateonesample

fromanother.ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

6.ReganandBerscheid(1999)266.Oncedesire

diminishes,disappointedloversmaywonderwherethe“spark”intheirrelationshiphas

goneandmayreminisceregretfully(andlongingly)about“thegoodolddays”.(Para.11)ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

diminish:

tobecomeless,ortomakesomethingbecomeless（使）变小；（使）减少e.g.

Suddenlythewinddiminishedandtheseasgrew

calmagain.突然风变小了，大海又平静了下来。reminisce:

v.

torecallortalkaboutpastexperiences,events,etc.追忆往事，缅怀往事；回忆，话旧e.g.

Wespenttheeveningreminiscingaboutour

universitydays.我们整晚都在追忆我们的大学时光。6.Oncedesirediminishes,dis27Exercise:Choosetheappropriatewordtofillintheblank,changetheformwhennecessary.

ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

diminishdecreasereduce1)Ourwatersupply__________________asaresultofthedrought.

2)Therehasbeenasteady_____________inpopulationinthiscity.

3)Thehelmetlawshould_____________injuriesinmotorcycleaccidents.hasdiminisheddecreasereduceExercise:Choosetheappropria28Key1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9- 10-Task1Choosetheanswerthatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordorphraseinthesentence.(P107)AACBBCDCReadingFocus–VocabularyinAction

ACKeyTask1AACBBCDCReadingFocus29Task21.Thetwocountrieshavealways___________closerelations.2.Whenwe’retogether,allhetalksaboutisbusiness.Iwishheweremore__________.3.Themuseumisclosedwhile_________repairsarebeingcarriedout.4.Shehadpackedtwocaseswithclothes,towelsandother__________.5.Hiscoachinghasaddedanother__________tomygame.Readthewordsandtheirexplanationsinthebox.Chooseawordtocompleteeachofthesentences

belowandexplainitsmeaning.Changetheformifnecessary.

(P107)maintained(a)romantic(a)ReadingFocus–VocabularyinAction

maintain,intimate,essential,defy,dimension,romanticessential(a)essentials(c)dimension(c)Task21.Thetwocountrieshav306.We’renoton_________termswithourneighbours.7.He__________thatthemoneywasdonatedforinternationalpurposes.8.Thebeautyofthescene___________description.9.He___________hiswisheswithaslightnodofhishead.10.Computersdesigntoolsthatworkinthree____________.intimate(a)maintains(c)defies(b)intimated(d)ReadingFocus–VocabularyinAction

dimensions(a)6.We’renoton_________term3111.ThiswasthefirsttimethatIdaredto________mymother.12.ThecastleissetinoneofEngland’smost___________landscapes.13.Ididnotrealizethe____________oftheproblem.14.Herincomewasbarelyenoughto___________onechild,letalonethree.15.Hesurprisedmewithhis___________knowledgeofKierkegaardandSchopenhauer.defy(a)romantic(b)dimensions(b)ReadingFocus–VocabularyinAction

maintain(d)intimate(c)11.Thiswasthefirsttimeth32ReadingFocus–VocabularyinAction

Task3Fillineachoftheblankswithanappropriatewordfromthebox.Changetheformifnecessary.2)4)6)8)10)prerequisitedaterespectimportantwhomevercandidateshighlyessentialsuitablesufficientReadingFocus–Vocabularyin33TheLastChapterReadingMoreReadingMore34ReadingMore

GlobalUnderstanding

DetailedInformation

CriticalThinking

LanguagePoints

VocabularyinAction1

2

3

4

5

ReadingMoreGlobalUnderstand35FightingyouthParas.4-6LovingcoupleChangehappeningParas.1-3Paras.7-15LovingbecauseofforgettingParas.16-18ReadingMore—Global

UnderstandingFightingyouthParas.4-6Lovi36TextExplorationCompletethefollowingextrawithinformationfromthetext.(P113)Key:1)everything2)throw3)lost6)financial7)alcohol8)taking4)marriage5)fear9)where10)explainedReadingFocus

–DetailedInformation11)anxiety12)cry13)approached14)shared15)structureTextExplorationCompletethef37CriticalThinkingReadingMoreCriticalThinkingReadingMore38StepOneWorktogetherwithyourpartnertoanswerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetextyou’vejustread.1.Whatcausedtheproblemsinthemarriageoftheold

couplewhentheywereyoung?2.Whatwasthecauseforthechangesthatoccurred

laterwhentheygotold?3.Ifyouwereamarriageconsultant,whatsuggestions

wouldyougivetocoupleswhohavethesame

problemsastheoldcouplehadinthepassage?ReadingMore—CriticalThinkingStepOneReadingMore—Critical39StepTwoDiscussingroupsthefollowingquestions.1.Whydoweneedmarriagetoday?Isitloneliness?Isitteamwork?Sharewithyourclassmatesyourideasaboutwhypeoplegetmarried.2.“Youdonotmarrysomeoneyoucanlivewith;youmarrythepersonyoucannotlivewithout.”Doyouagreewiththesaying?Giveyourreasons.ReadingMore—CriticalThinkingStepTwoReadingMore—Critical40Theirlovingreassurancesweresweet,touching—andsurprising.(Para.3)ReadingMore–LanguagePoint

reassurance:somethingthatissaidordonewhichmakessomeonefeelcalmerandlessworriedorfrightenedaboutaproblem

e.g.1)

Parentsarelookingforreassuranceabouttheir

children'ssafety.

2)TheAdministrationgaverepeatedreassurances

thattherewasabsolutelynodangertothepublic.

Theirlovingreassuranceswere412.

HewasaRepublican;sheanardentDemocrat.(Para.5)ReadingMore–LanguagePoint

ardent:

showingstrongpositivefeelingsaboutanactivityanddeterminationtosucceedatit

e.g.

1)

He'sbeenoneofthemostardentsupportersof

theadministration'spolicy.

2)anardentbaseballfan

2.HewasaRepublican;shean423.

Therewasahopethattheywouldchangeoncetheyretired,andthefuriouswindsdidcalmsomewhat,butwhatremainedsteeleditselfintobright,hardbitterness.(Para.6)ReadingMore–LanguagePoint

furious:[onlybeforenoun]donewithalotofenergy,effort,oranger猛烈的，强烈的，激烈的

e.g.

afuriousstorm猛烈的暴风雨afuriousargument激烈的争论steelyourself:toprepareyourselftodosomethingthatyouknowwillbeunpleasantorupsetting

e.g.

Asshewaited,shesteeledherselffordisappointment.

3.Therewasahopethatthey434.We’dprovidethecake,theballoons,thetoasts,andthey’dabidebyonerule:nofighting.(Para.7)ReadingMore–LanguagePoint

abideby:

toacceptandobeyadecision,rule,agreementetc,eventhoughyoumaynotagreewithit

e.g.

Youhavetoabidebythereferee'sdecision.4.We’dprovidethecake,the44Task11.

doubtFillineachoftheblankswithanappropriateformofthewordgivenandexplainsitsmeaning.ReadingMore–VocabularyinAction

A.Whetherhewillcontinuetobesuccessfulinthefutureisopento_____________.B.I__________ifthatwaswhathewanted.C.I’mstill_________whetherIshouldacceptthisjob.doubtdoubtdoubtfulTask11.doubtFillineachof452.sproutA.Hundredsofmushroomshad__________upovernight.B.Addbean________andcookanotherhalfminute.3.lavishA.Itwasoneofthemost_________

weddingsI’veeverbeento.B.Hethoughthewouldwinherby_________

herwithexpensivegifts.sproutedsproutslavishlavishingReadingMore–VocabularyinAction

2.sproutsproutedsproutslavish464.shareA.Sue_______ahousewiththreeotherstudents.B.Wouldyouliketo______yourexperiencewiththerestofthegroup?C.He’dhadmorethanhisfair_______ofadventure.5.betA.Iwouldn’t_____onthemwinningthenextelection.B.Bookmakersarealreadytaking_____ontheoutcome.C.Ourbest_____wouldbetotakethetrain.sharesshareshareReadingMore–VocabularyinAction

betbetsbet4.sharesharesshareshareReadin47

6.separateA.Rawmeatmustbekept_______fromcookedmeat.B.He_________fromhiswifeafter20yearsofmarriage.C.Hesaidheunderstoodherdoubtsandperhapsatrial_________mightbetheanswer.7.respectiveA.Theyareeachrecognizedspecialistsintheir_________fields.B.Intermsofpopulation,CaliforniaandNewYorkrankfirstandsecond____________.C.Inthis_______,wearenodifferentfromotherpeople.separateseparatesseparationrespectiveReadingMore–VocabularyinAction

respectivelyrespect6.separateseparateseparatess48ReadingMore–VocabularyinAction

8.roostA.Todaythecountry’snationalistsrulethe_____

andhandoutthejobs.B.Afteryearsofoverspending,thechickenshave

comehometo_____.9.increaseA.Thegovernmentisalarmedbythedramatic

________inviolentcrime.B.____________,peoplearerealizingthatourbasic

problemsarenoteconomicones.C.Highalcoholconsumption_________therisk

ofliverdisease.roostroostincreaseIncreasinglyincreasesReadingMore–VocabularyinA49ReadingMore–VocabularyinAction

10.huntA.Whalesarestillbeing_______andkilledintheArctic.B.Thereareseveraldifferent______inthearea.C.Thecouplehadhelpedinthe_____forthetoddlers.D.Job______takesalotofeffortandcanbealong,depressingprocess.11.raiseA.Somehowwemanagedto_____hertoherfeet.B.Libraryemployeeshavenotreceiveda_____forsixyears.C.Therewasa______platformandablackboardatthefarendoftheroom.huntedhuntshunthuntingraiseraiseraisedReadingMore–VocabularyinA50ReadingMore–VocabularyinAction

12.cryA.Don’t_____

downherrealachievements.B.Heranswerwasgreetedwith______

ofoutrage.C.Thereisa_______

needforaplacewhereour

youngpeoplecanmeet.crycriescryingReadingMore–VocabularyinA51Task2Whensheleftme,___________________________(我的世界就跨了).2.Iwasinamessandtherewasnoonetohelpme,_________________________________________(所以我只好做得尽量好).3.She’dmarriedsomeAmericanand____________________

____________(在那里安家了).CompletethefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChineseinbracketsintoEnglish.Trytousetheexpressionsyouhavelearnedfromthetext.

myworldjustfellapartsoIjusthadtomakethebestofitsettleddown

overthereReadingMore–VocabularyinAction

Task2Whensheleftme,______524.Theyarenotdivorcedbut___________________________

________________(他们过着完全分开的生活).5._______________________________________(我正准备打电话过去)whenSimonarrived.6._________________________________________(人们常常会有沮丧感)thattheyarenotbeingpromotedquicklyenough.7.________________________________(有了后见之明的好处),it’seasytosayitwasthewrongdecision.theyleadcompletely

separatedlivesIwassteelingmyselftocallroundPeopleoftenfeelasenseoffrustrationWiththebenefitofhindsightReadingMore–VocabularyinAction

4.Theyarenotdivorcedbut538.________________________________________________(我们今天在这里向⋯⋯的男男女女致敬)whogavetheirlivesfortheircountry.9._____________________________________(她自我安慰说)thatnooneelsehaddonewellintheexameither.10.__________________________________________(很多妇女都面临这样的窘境)ofchoosingbetweenworkandfamilycommitments.WeareheretodaytohonorthemenandwomenSheconsoledherselfwiththefactManywomenarefacedwiththedilemmaReadingMore–VocabularyinAction

8.__________________________54PracticalTranslationPracticalTranslation55被动语态是一种表明句子的谓语和主语间关系的语法手段。在翻译时要根据英汉语言的特点，从句式和辅助词语两个方面进行语态转换。被动句的翻译1．按原句式翻译英语被动句是由“助动词be+过去分词”构成，在译成汉语时，可以用“被”、“受”、“遭”、“让”、“给”、“由”、“把”、“为⋯⋯所”、“加以”、“予以”等词来表达。被动语态是一种表明句子的谓语和主语间关系的语法562．译成主动句英译汉时，不少英语的被动句被译成汉语的主动句，使句子更符合汉语的习惯。3．译成判断句有些英语被动句并不突出强调被动动作，而着重对事物的状态、过程和性质加以描述，其作用与系表结构类似。此类句式可翻译成中文的判断句。4．It+be+pastparticiple+that引导的从句的翻译英语中这样的句子在汉语中可以译成不带主语或带主语的句。5．某些表示被动含义的句型的翻译。2．译成主动句57e.g.

1)Thehouseneededpainting.译文：房子需要油漆一下了。2)Thepossibilityofemployingmorestaffisstillunderdiscussion.译文：是否雇用更多的员工还在研究中。解析：英语句子虽然看上去是主动语态，含义却是被动的，翻译成中文通常也用主动形式。e.g.解析：英语句子虽然看上去是主动语态，含义却是被动的58TranslatethefollowingparagraphsintoChinese.Payparticularattentiontotheadverbialclauses.ParagraphOneMuchresearchshowsthatthequalityofcareinfantsreceiveaffectshowtheylatergetalongwithfriends,howwelltheydoinschool,howtheyreacttonewandpossiblystressfulsituations,andhowtheyformandmaintainlovingrelationshipsasadults.Itisforthesereasonsthatpeople’searlyintimaterelationshipswithintheirfamilyoforiginaresocritical.Childrenwhoareraisedinimpersonalenvironments(orphanages,somefosterhomes,orunlovingfamilies)showemotionalandsocialunderdevelopment,languageandmotorskillsretardation,andmentalhealthproblems.Translatethefollowingparagr59TranslationforReference:ParagraphOne很多研究发现婴儿获得关爱的质量会影响到他们以后的交友，在学校的表现，如何应对陌生的或可能充满压力的情况，以及他们成年后如何建立并且维系情感连系。正是因为这些原因，人们与家庭成员的早期亲密关系才如此至关重要。在人情冷漠的环境中（如孤儿院，某些寄养家庭，缺乏关爱的家庭）长大的孩子会出现情感和社会性发育不良，语言和运动技能迟缓，以及精神健康问题。全国青年教师素养大赛一等奖课件unit-460ParagraphTwo

Whatattractsindividualstoeachotherinthefirstplace?Manypeoplebelievethat“there’sonepersonouttherethatoneismeantfor”andthatdestinywillbringthemtogether.Suchbeliefsareromanticbutunrealistic.Empiricalstudiesshowthatculturalnormsandvalues,notfate,bringpeopletogether.Wewillnevermeetmillionsofpotentialloversbecausetheyare“filteredout”byformalorinformalrulesonpartnereligibilityduetofactorssuchasage,race,distance,socialclass,religion,sexualorientation,health,