人教版中考英语一轮复习教材知识梳理课件：八年级下册Unit+3－4

8BUnit3－4Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?1.垃圾

n.________→n.垃圾litter*垃圾桶rubbishbin2.衬衫

n.______

3.手指

n.________4.浪费

n./v.______→adj.浪费的________→adv.浪费地

wastefully*……的浪费awasteof…5.独立

n._____________→adj.独立的___________→adv.

独立地_____________6.邻居

n._________

rubbishshirtfingerwastewastefulindependenceindependentindependentlyneighbor7.折叠

v._____→v.展开_______8.走过

v.______*去世passaway9.扔；掷

v._______→threw→________10.借用

v._______*向某人借某物borrowsth.fromsb.11.借出

v.______→lent→______*借某物给某人

lendsb.sth.＝lendsth.tosb.12.讨厌

v.___*讨厌做某事hatetodosth./hatedoingsth.13.提供

v._______*给某人提供某物

providesb.withsth./providesth.forsb.foldunfoldpassthrowthrownborrowlendlenthateprovide14.依靠

v.________*取决于；依赖，依靠……

dependon…15.发展

v._______*发展中国家developingcountry*发达国家developedcountry16.落下

v.______

17.也不

adv.两者都不pron._______*既不……也不……

neither…nor…18.而且

adv.________19.公正的

adj._____→adv.相当地；公正地______→adj.不公正的_______dependdevelopdropneitheranywayfairfairlyunfair20.不舒服

adj.____→n.疾病_______21.当……的时候

conj.______Unit4Whydon'tyoutalktoyourparents?22.关系

n._______→n.关系relationship→n.亲戚______→adj.相关的related*和……有关系berelatedto…23.沟通

n.______________→v.沟通_____________*和……交谈communicatewith…24.压力

n.________→v.挤压_______*在压力之下

underpressure25.意见

n._______*在某人看来inone'sopinionillillnesswhilerelationrelativecommunicationcommunicatepressurepressopinion26.技巧

n.______→adj.有技巧的_______27.发展

n.______________28.交易

n.______*处理do/dealwith29.允许

v.______→n.津贴allowance*允许某人做某事

allowsb.todosth.30.猜测

v.______

31.争论

v.______→n.争论__________*为……而争论

arguefor…32.解释

v.________→n.解释____________

33.复制

v.______skillskillfuldevelopmentdealallowguessargueargumentexplainexplanationcopy34.返回

v._______*返回returnto35.竞争

v.________→n.比赛____________→n.竞争者

___________*为……而竞争competefor…36.持续

v.________*继续做某事continuedoingsth.37.推动

v.______38.造成

v.______39.代替

adv._______40.第二

adv.________→det.第二________41.再也(不)adv.________returncompetecompetitioncompetitorcontinuepushcauseinsteadsecondlysecondanymore42.可能

adv.________43.焦虑的

adj.________44.正确的

adj.________→正确地

adv.________45.清楚易懂的；晴朗的

adj.______→清晰地

adv.______46.典型的

adj.________→典型地

adv.________47.迅速的

adj.______→迅速地

adv.________48.疯狂的

adj.______*对……疯狂becrazyabout49.通常的

adj.______→adv.通常地________50.任何

pron.__________perhapsnervousproperproperlyclearclearlytypicaltypicallyquickquicklycrazyusualusuallywhatever【动词短语】1.(U3)倒垃圾___________________2.(U3)依靠；信赖___________________3.(U3)照顾；处理___________________4.(U4)浏览；快速查看___________________5.(U4)成功地发展；解决___________________6.(U4)和睦相处；关系良好___________________7.(U4)删去；删除___________________8.(U4)比较；对比___________________takeouttherubbishdependontakecareoflookthroughworkoutgetonwithcutoutcompare…with【其他短语】9.(U3)一……就……

___________________10.(U3)目的是……

___________________11.(U4)始终；一直___________________12.(U4)依……看___________________assoonasinorderto…allthetimeinone'sopinion满分点拨provide→provided→provided→provides→providing教材例句：试一试，填一填Itistheparents'job__________acleanandcomfortableenvironmentathomefortheirchildren.在家里为孩子们提供一个干净而舒服的环境是父母的职责。(RJ8BU3)toprovideprovide的用法归纳providev.提供(1)providesb.withsth.→Weprovidedthepoorwithalotofclotheslastyear.(2)providesth.forsb.→Weprovidedalotofclothesforthepoorlastyear.offer与give都有“提供、供给”的意思，具体用法如下：offer→主动提供，别人可以接受，也可以拒绝offersb.sth.＝offersth.tosb.give→多指一般性“给出”

givesb.sth.＝givesth.tosb.主题情景，知识串练Therewasaheavyfloodinthevillage.Manypeoplesufferedfromhunger.Thegovernment_________themwithalotoffoodafterhearingthatbadnews.Aweeklater,theyovercamethedifficulties.Sotheyall_____(给)theirthank-youletterstopeoplethathadhelpedthem.Theywouldalsooffertheirhands_______(help)someoneinneedinthefuture.providedgavetohelp满分点拨borrow→borrowed→borrowed→borrows→borrowing;lend→lent→lent→lends→lending;keep→kept→kept→keeps→keeping;return→returned→returned→returns→returning教材例句：试一试，填一填CouldI_______thatbook？我可以借那本书吗？(RJ8BU3)borrow辨析borrow,lend，keep与return词汇区别用法borrow“借入”，向某人借某物borrowsth.fromsb.lend“借出”，可接双宾语，把某物借给某人lendsb.sth.＝lendsth.tosb.keep“保存”，借用的时间较长，是延续性动词keepsth.for＋时间段return“归还”，可接双宾语，把借来的东西还给某人returnsb.sth＝returnsth.tosb.主题情景，知识串练MikeaskedmewhetherIhadanEnglishdictionaryyesterday.IsaidthatIhad_____ittoSally.Shehas_____itforafewdaysandhasn't_________ittome.Itoldhimto________it_____otherclassmates.lentkeptreturnedborrowfrom一、语法选择。语篇类型：说明文主题：人与社会(科学与技术)难度：

词数：192用时：6分钟

ArtificialIntelligence(AI)(人工智能)isgrowingrapidly.Wearelivinginaworlddependingmoreandmore1.______AI.AIisagroupoftechnologieswhichhelpmachinesget,understandanduseinformation2.________problems.()1.A.withB.inC.on()2.A.tosolveB.solvingC.solveCAontosolveAI'sdevelopmenthasgotalotof3._______attention.SomepeoplewelcomeAI4.________ithelpstheminmanywaysoflifeandwork.ButmanyworkersfearthatAIwouldmakethemlose5.______jobs.()3.A.people'sB.people'C.people()4.A.butB.becauseC.though()5.A.themB.theirC.theirsABBpeople'sbecausetheirAccordingtoarecentstudy,nearlyfivepercentofjobs6._____________inthefuturebecauseAIwilldotheworkwhichpeopleusedtodo.Forexample,moreself-drivingcarsandtrucks7.________________byAI.Itmaytaketheplaceofthedrivers.()6.A.disappearB.aredisappearingC.willdisappear()7.A.controlB.arecontrolledC.willbecontrolledCCwilldisappearwillbecontrolledHowever,AIwillalsocreatemanynewchancesforpeople.MorepeoplewillbeneededtowriteprogramsforAIsystemsandworkonthem,too.However,jobswhichrequirefeelingsandexcellentcommunicationskillswithpeoplecan'tbereplacedbyAI8.______，suchasteaching,nursingandpersonaltraining.That'sbecauseAIhasn'tbeenas9.______ashumansyet.()8.A.easilyB.easierC.easy()9.A.smartB.smarterC.smartestAAeasilysmartAIis10.______excellentachievementofscienceandtechnology.ThatmakesAIimportanttowatch,nottofear.()10.A.aB.anC.theBan二、阅读理解。语篇类型：说明文主题：人与自然(自然生态)难度：

词数：260用时：7分钟

It'shardtoturndowntastybananas.Theytastegoodandyoudon'thavetowashthembeforeeatingthem.However,Britishscientistssaidthatthefruitmaydisappearby2050.Onereasonforthisisclimatechange.ScientistsattheUniversityofExetercollectedinformationfrom27countriesandregionsthatproduce86%oftheworld'sbananas.Theyfoundthatclimatechangehasimprovedgrowingconditionsin21ofthesecountries.Inthepast60years,theaverageyield(平均产量)hasreached1.37tonsofbananas.However,ifthetemperaturekeepsrising,thisadvantagewilldisappear.India,theworld'sbiggestproducerofbananas,willproducefewerbananas.By2050,thefruitmaydieout.Shouldn'tbananasgrowmoreeasilyifit'shotteroutside?Infact,theperfecttemperatureforgrowingbananasisbetween24℃and32℃.Iftemperaturesgettoohigh,theywillstopgrowing.Diseasesareanotherdangertobananas.Unlikeothercrops,thebananaswegrowcomefromshootcuttings(茎段)ratherthanseeds.Thismeansthatallbananaplantshavethesamegenotype(基因型).Inotherwords,ifadiseaseisabletokilloneplant,itcouldkillthemall.OneseriousdiseaseiscalledPanama.Itthreatensthegrowthofbananas.IthasspreadacrossSouthAsia,Africa,theMiddleEastandAustralia.Ifonefieldsuffersfromthedisease,itwilltake30yearsuntilitisabletogrowbananasagain.However,scientistshaven'tfoundawaytokillthediseaseuptonow.()1.Eighty-sixpercentoftheworld'sbananasarefrom________countriesandregions.A.twenty-oneB.twenty-fourC.twenty-sevenD.thirty-twoC()2.Whatwillhappeniftemperatureskeepgoinghigheraccordingtothepassage?A.Bananaswon'tbeastastyasbefore.B.Bananaswillbeplantedinmorecountries.C.Bananaswillgrowbetterinmostcountries.D.Bananaswillgetfewerandfewer.D()3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“threatens”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Helps.B.Shows.C.Increases.D.Harms.D()4.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Thebananaswegrowaren'tfromseeds.B.Eachbananaplanthasitsowngenotype.C.It'seasyforscientiststodealwithPanama.D.Bananascan'tgrowifthetemperatureis28℃.A()5.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tooffertipsforgrowingbananas.B.Toexplainwhybananasmaydieout.C.Toshowthedifficultiesofgrowingbananas.D.Todescribebananas'growingconditions.B三、短文填空。语篇类型：说明文主题：人与社会(科学与技术)难度：

词数：205用时：7分钟

theywhatkindofeatfivesafemoredifferentmakeupandCookinghasreachedanewlevel.Recently,spacemenattheInternationalSpaceStationbaked(烘焙)cookies.Thecookiesarethefirst1.______offoodtobebakedfromraw(生的)ingredientsinspace.kindUsually,spacefoodispreparedontheearthandthenheatedor2.______directlyatthespacestat