2024年人教版英语中考二轮复习专题一冠词讲义

专题一冠词中考考点：1、不定冠词a,an的用法2、定冠词the的用法3、不用冠词的情况4、习惯用语中冠词的用法考点一、定冠词the的用法1、特指某些人或某些物eg：Themanoverthereismyfather.2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物eg：Let’sgototheputerroomtogether./Pleasepassittome./Lookattheblackboard.3、上文提到过的人或事eg：Heboughtahouse.Ihavebeentothehouse.4、指世上独一无二的事物eg：thesun,themoon,theearth,thesky5、用于两个人或事物比较时起特指作用作用的比较级前eg：Heisthetallerofthetwoboys.6、用在形容词最高级或序数词前eg：thesecond,thebiggest,thesecondlargest7、用在same,only,very等词前eg：thesame,theonly,thevery8、用在乐器名词前eg：playthepiano/guitar/violin/drums9、与形容词或动词的现在分词连用表示一类人eg：therich,thepoor,thedisabled,theblind/theliving10、用在姓氏的复数名词前，表示“一家人”或“夫妻两”，谓语动词用复数eg：theGreens,theChens,theHSmiths用在由普通名词构成的表示组织机构、名胜古迹、书名和海洋前eg.theWTO,theGreatWall,thePalaceMuseum,theSummerPalace,thePacific12、用在习惯用语中eg：inthemorning/afternoon/evening,intheend/beginning,bytheway,atthegateof,atthemoment…考点二、不定冠词a/an的用法1、表示第一次提到某人或某物eg：Doyouwantanotebook?/Tomisreallyagoodboy.2、用于单数名词前表示泛指一类人或事物eg.Kobeiaabasketballplayer.3、表示“一”这个数量，意思和“one”“every”差不多eg：apen/onepen,anapple/oneapple,abanana/onebanana4、用于时间、速度、价格（TSP）等名词前，意思是“每一”，相当于every/pereg：20kilometersanhour/eightyuanakilo5、用于可视为一体或一个人两种身份的的两个名词前eg：aknifeandfork一副刀叉，afatherandmother一个既是爸又是妈的人，ateacherandartist一个既是老师又是画家的人6、a+不可数名词，常使抽象名词具体化为“一种”eg：Shehasagoodknowledgeofhistory.7、用在序数词前表示“又一，再一”eg：Theteachersanghimasecondsong./Tomtriedasecondtime.8、用于某些短语中eg：alittle/few/bit,inahurry,catchacold,takeabus,haveagoodtime,havearest,alittlewhilehaveapopulationof…,takeanactivepartin,asaresult,asamatteroffact,inaword,haveatry,live/haveahappylife,take/haveawalk,takeabath,takeaseat,etoanend,givesb.ahand考点三、零冠词的用法(即不用冠词的场合)1、一日三餐、球类棋类前不加冠词eg：havebreakfast,playsoccer/basketball/volleyball…2、学科和颜色前不加冠词eg：IlikeScience/Art.Thewomaninredismymother.3、表示节日、季节、星期、月份的名词前不加冠词eg：SpringFestivalisimportant./TodayisMonday./Springesafterwinter./WewilleinJuly.4、在物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格和不定代词前不加冠词eg：Hispenisgood./Whatarethese?/EverythingisOK./Jane’sdressisnice.5、不可数名词和可数名词复数形式表示一类人或事物，其前一般不加冠词eg：Whichdoyoulikebetter,fishorchicken?6、与by连用的交通工具前不用冠词，但与take或介词连用时，名词前要加冠词eg：bycar,takeabus/takethesubway/Hegoestoschoolinacar.7、在如国省市街路、广场、公园名、大学名等专有名词前名词前eg：WeliveinHubeiProvince./Wuhanisalargecity.People'sParkisonCenterStreet./MyhomeisonNanjingRoad.TimesSquareisbeautifulatnight./MostofthehighschoolstudentswanttogotoBeijingUniversity.8、固定搭配中，不用冠词eg：stepbystep,byhand,gotoschool,gotochurch,afterschool/class,gotobed,inbed,watchTV...atnoon/night/midnight,introuble,on/intime,bychance,bymistake,forinstance,forexample...常考易错点：1、不定冠词a,an的区别an用在以元音因素开头的单词前，a用在以辅音因素开头的单词前判断一个单词是用a还是用an，要看发音的首因素，而不是首字母特例：anhonestboy,anhour,ausualbook,auniversity,ausefulbook,auniform,aunit,aEuropeancountry2、有无定冠词的区别（1）gotoschool去上学,gototheschool去学校（不一定去上学）（2）inhospital因病住院,inthehospital在医院（不一定是病人）（3）inclass在课上,intheclass在班级里（4）infrontof在…前面（独立关系）,inthefrontof在…前面（包含关系）（5）onearth到底，究竟,ontheearth在地球上（6）bysea乘船,bythesea在海边3、序数词前面用定冠词和不定冠词的区别“the+序数词”表示“第几…”，“a+序数词”表示“又一，再一”eg：Thecakeisdelicious,andIwouldlikeasecondone.4、anumberof和thenumberof的区别anumberof意思是“许多”，后面跟可数名词复数，相当于alotof等thenumberof意思是“…的数量”。当作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式eg：Anumberofstudentslikehim./Thenumberofthestudentsisabout250.5、在句型“动词+人+介词+the+人体部位”中要用the，而不用物主代词eg：takesb.bythehand,hitsb.onthehead,hitsb.intheface课堂练习一、用适当的冠词填空，不需要冠词的空白处填“/”:1.Thecarisrunningaboutsixtymiles_______hour.2.Myfriendisinterestedin________science.3.Don’tworry,westillhave________littletimeleft.4.Johnis_________cleverestboyinhisclass.5.March8is_________Women’sDay.6._________Greenswilletoseeyoutomorrow.7.Hereis________blackblouse,________blouseishers.8.Theyalwayshave________breadfor________dinner.9.Ipreferplaying_______pianotoplaying________basketball.10._______harderwestudy,________morewe’lllearn.二、选择：1.Whatcanyouseebythelake?Icansee_____oldmansittingonthechair.(2000杭州)A.aB.anC.theD./2.Haveyouhad_____lunchyet?No,notyet.A./B.aC.theD.an3.Onemorninghefoundabag.Therewas_____“s”onthecornerof_____bag.A.a;aB.a;theC.an;aD.an;the4.There’s_____eggontheplate._____eggisforyou.A.a;AB.an;AnC.an;TheD.the;An5.Didyouenterfor_____highjumpor_____400metrerace?A.a;aB.a;theC.the;aD.the;the6._____oldmaninblackhaswaitedforyouforhalf_____hour.A.The;anB.The;aC.An;aD.An;不填7._____elephantis_____usefulanimal.A.An;anB.An;aC.The;anD.A;an8.Isaw_____storybookontheteacher’sdesk?_____bookisLiMing’s.A.a;AB.the;TheC.the;AD.a;The9.Thereis_____manoverthere,_____manisfromJilin,andhe’sstudyingin____BeijingUniversity.A.the,the,theB.a,a,aC.a,the,theD.a,the,/10.Sundayis_____dayoftheweek.A.one B.thefirst C.first D.theone11.Whichis_____,thesun,theearthorthemoon?A.bigger B.biggest C.thebiggest D.big12.Thereisadeskinhisbedroom.On_____deskthereis_____pencilbox.A.a,the B.the,the C.the,a D.a,aWhat_____goodideaitis!A.a B.an C.the D./14.YesterdayIwentto_____schoolon_____foot.A.the,the B./,/ C.a,/ D.the,/15.Thereis_____“U”intheword“use”.A.aB./ C.an D.the16.Thoughheisrich,hehas_____friends.A.alittle B.afew C.alotof D.few17.Thereisatalltree_____ourclassroom.A.inthefrontof B.infront C.infrontof D.atfrontthe18.September10this_____inChina.A.Teachers’Day B.Teacher’sDay C.Teacher’sDay D.theTeachers’Day19Peopleoftengoskatingin_____winter.A./ B.a C.an D.the20.Jacklikesplaying______soccer,buthedoesn’tlikeplaying______piano.A./;/B.the;/C.the;theD./;the21.Wecan’tsee______sunat______night.A.a;/B.a;theC.the;/D.the;the22.Studentsoftenplay_____volleyballin____afternoon.A./;anB./;theC.the;anD.a;the23.IsCanada______Englishspeakingcountry?A./B.aC.anD.the24.Thisis______orange.Itis______smallorange.A.an;anB.an;aC./;theD.the;a25._____UNreportsaysthattherewillbestandingroomonlyon_____earththen.A.A;theB.A;/C.An;/D.An;the26.We’veneverseen______filmbefore.It’sveryinteresting.A.soagoodB.asogoodC.asuchgoodD.suchagood27.Thereis_______“x”in______word“six”.A.a;theB.a;anC.an;theD.a;a28.Look!______fineweatheritistoday!A.WhataB.WhatC.HowaD.How29.______YellowRiveris______secondlongestriverinChina.A.The;theB./;aC.The;aD.The;/30.JohnSmithis______ofthetwoyoungmen.A.strongB.astrongerC.thestrongerD.thestrongest31.Whatcoloris______orange?It’s______orange.A.an;anB.an;theC.an;/D./;an32.Look!______goodtimethechildrenarehaving!A.HowB.HowaC.WhatD.Whata33.Londonis_____capitalof_____England.A.the;theB.a;aC.a;theD.the;/34.There’re_____fewmistakesinyourhomework.Don’tmake_____samemistakesagain.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;theD./;the35.Mostofthestudentsinourclassgoto_____schoolby_____bikeeveryday.A./;/B.the;aC./;aD.the;the36.Don’tgiveup.Youcantryfor______secondtime.A.theB.anC.aD./37.Shetookmeby_____handandledmeinto_____room.A.my;aB.the;aC.a;theD.my;the38.What_____interestinggameitis!Itmustbe_____greatfun.A.an;aB.a;theC.the;/D.an;/39.Thehousein______frontoftheriverison______fire.A./;/B.the;theC.the;/D./;a40.Heoftensays______richshouldhelp______poor.A.the;aB.a;theC.the;theD./;/课后练习一、在下列句子的空格中填上适当的冠词，不需要的地方用“/”表示：1.Thisis______oldmap.Itis______usefulmap.2.Wehavenoclassesin______afternoonon_______Saturday.3.______spaceshipfliesataboutelevenkilometers_______second.4.Beijingis______capitalof______China.Itis_______beautifulcity.5.Romanwasnotbuiltin______day.6.Chineseisquite______difficultlanguageforMike.7.Many______studentswilltake______activepartinsportsmeet.8.Thereis______interestingpictureon______wall.9.Jennyfound______walletlyingon______ground.______walletwasMr.Black’s.10.Whichis______biggest,______sun,______moon,or______earth?11.Whichpictureismorebeautiful?______oneon______left,Ithink.12.Whichis_____wayto______hospital?Godownthisroadandturnlefton______secondcrossing.13._______more,_______better.14._______Turnersaresittingatbreakfasttable.15.JoeHillwas_______fighterfor______workingclass.16.Whenwas______People’sRepublicofChinafounded?17.InChina______firstEnglishtextbookswerepublishedin_____latenineteenthcentury.18.After______breakfasthewentto______schoolon______foot.19.______YellowRiverliesin______northofChina.20.Helikesplaying______football.Hissisterlikesplaying______piano.二、单项选择1.Thereis_____oldwomaninthecar.A./B.theC.aD.an2.Shanghaiisin______eastofChina.A./B.anC.theD.a3.Billis______Englishteacher.Helikesplaying______football.A.a,theB.an,theC.an,/D./,/4.Themuseumisquitefar.Itwilltakeyouhalf_____hourtogothereby______bus.A.an,/B.an,aC.a,/D./,/5.Thestoryis______interesting.Thatmeansitis______interestingstory.A.an,theB.the,a.C./,anD./,a6.Let’sgofor______walk,shallwe?A.aB.anC.theD./7.Thisis______interestingstorybookanditisalso______usefulone.A.a,aB.an,anC.an,aD.a,an8._______womanoverthereis______popularteacherinourschool.A.A,anB.The,aC.The,theD.A,the9.Theypassedourschool______daybeforeyesterday.A.anB.oneC.aD.the10.Australiais______Englishspeakingcountry.A.aB.anC.theD./11.Thisis______apple.It’s_______bigapple.A.an,aB.a,theC.a,anD.an,the12.Haveyouseen______bag?Ileftitherejustnow.Isit______oneonthechairnearthedoor?A.a,aB.the,theC.a,theD.the,a13.Thisis_____