人教版七年级下册英语Unit1知识点梳理及语法讲义（学生版）

七年级下册英语Unit1知识点与语法精讲精练词汇梳理词汇梳理（一）完成单词梳理：名词：1.吉他2.国际象棋3.俱乐部；社团4.故事；小说5.（中国）功夫6.鼓7.钢琴8.小提琴9.人；人们10.中心；中央11.周末12.音乐家动词：1.唱歌2.画3.说（某种语言）；说话4.参加；加入5.讲述；告诉6.写作；写字7.使成为；制造8.教；讲授副词：1.也；而且2.在今天连词：1.或者；也不（用于否定句）兼类词：1.（v/n）游泳2.（n）舞蹈（v）跳舞3.（n）演出；节目（v）给……看；展示4.（n/v）说话；交谈5.（n）家；活动本部（adv）到家；在家（二）词汇变形小结：sing唱歌(v.)

→

(n.）歌曲→

(n.）歌手swim游泳(v/n.)→

(n.)游泳者→

(现在分词)dance跳舞；舞蹈(v/n.)

→

(n.)舞者draw画(v.)→

(n.)画家speak说（某种语言）(n.)→

(n.)发言者story故事(n.)→

(复数)write写作；写字(v.)→

(n.)作家piano钢琴(n.)→

(复数)→

(n.)钢琴家violin小提琴(n.)→

(n.)小提琴家center中心；中央(n.)→

(adj.)中心的；中央的teach教；讲授(v.)→

(n.)教师→

(第三人称单数)music音乐(n.)→

(n.)音乐家→

(adj.)音乐的【练一练】用所给词的适当形式填空Theboywants____________(join)themusicclub.Theboy____________(speak)Englisheverymorning.The____________(story)inthebookareveryinteresting.Lisa’sfatherandmotherare____________(music).MissGreen____________(teach)usEnglisheveryday.Canyouhelpuswith____________(sing)?MyfriendLilyisgoodat____________(speak)English.Therearetwo____________(piano)inthemusicroom.Pleaseeandshow____________(we)yourphotos.OldHenryisveryhappyattheold____________(people)home.（三）短语攻关：下国际象棋 说英语 弹吉他 想要做某事 擅长…… 跟……说 游泳俱乐部 体育运动俱乐部讲故事讲故事俱乐部 拉小提琴 敲鼓 弹钢琴 和……一起做游戏 老人之家 善于应付……的 结交朋友在某方面帮助（某人） （在）周末需要某人做某事拨打……号码找某人音乐节知识点梳理知识点梳理1.Iwanttojointheartclub.我想加入美术俱乐部。【用法详解】want作动词，意为“想；想要”，相当于wouldlike。其常用结构如下：wantwant想要做某事想要某人做某事wantsth.想要某物重点：Eg.IwanttowatchTV.我想要看电视。Iwantanewbike.我想要一辆新自行车。Marywantsherfathertogototheparkwithher.玛丽想让她爸爸和她一起去公园。【易混辨析】join,joinin与takepartinjoin表示加入某组织、团队、党派并成为其中一员，也可以指加入到某（些）人中joinin表示参加正在进行着的、小规模的活动，如比赛、游戏等takepartin表示参加会议或者群众性活动并发挥积极作用Eg.HewantstojointheEnglishclub.他想加入英语俱乐部。CanIjoininthegame?我可以参加这个游戏吗？Iwilltakepartinthesportsmeetingnextweek.下周我将参加运动会。【即学即用】1.Iwant_________theEnglishclub,becauseIamgood_________English.A.tojoin;at B.join;forC.tojoinin;with D.joinin;to2.Iwantyou_________me_________myEnglishwhenyouhavetime.

A.help;withB.tohelp;forC.tohelp;withD.help;for2.playtheguitar弹吉他【用法详解】重点：playtheguitar意为“弹吉他”。当play与各种乐器名词搭配，表示“演奏、弹奏、吹奏”时，该乐器名词前须加定冠词the（play+the+西洋乐器）。类似的短语还有：拉小提琴敲鼓弹钢琴【拓展延伸】当play与球类、棋牌类等活动项目搭配，表示参加某种运动或进行某种比赛时，各活动名称前不加限定词（play+the+球类/棋类）。Eg.Iwanttoplaybasketball.我想打篮球。Let’splaychessnow.现在让我们下国际象棋吧。【即学即用】1.—Canyouplaypiano?—No,Ican’t.ButIcanplaychess．A.the;theB.the;/C./;/D./;the2.Idon’twanttoplayguitar.Let’sgoandplaypingpong.A.a;theB.the;aC./;theD.the;/3.Marylikesmusic.玛丽喜欢音乐。【用法详解】like为及物动词，意为“喜欢”，后接名词或代词作宾语。Eg.IlikeEnglish.我喜欢英语。Lilyisnice.Jefflikesher.莉莉人很好，杰夫喜欢她。【易混辨析】likedoingsth.与liketodosth.likedoingsth.意为“喜欢做某事”，表示习惯性、一般性的动作liketodosth.意为“喜欢做某事”，表示某次具体的动作Eg.Ilikeswimming.我喜欢游泳。Iliketousetheblueschoolbagtoday.今天我喜欢用蓝色的书包。【拓展延伸】like除了用作动词外，还可作介词，意为“像……”。【即学即用】1.MissLi________theboyverymuchbecausehelooks________herson. A.likes;likeB.like;likeC.like;likesD.likes;likes2.Ilike__________(draw)verymuch.4.You’reverygoodattellingstories.你很擅长讲故事。【用法详解】知识点1：begoodat...意为“”，其后跟名词、代词或动词ing形式，相当于dowellin。Eg.Kobeisgoodatplayingbasketball.科比擅长打篮球。=Kobedoeswellinplayingbasketball.【拓展延伸】重点：begoodwith/for/at/to辨析begoodwith善于应付……的begoodbegoodwith善于应付……的begoodfor对……有好处begoodat擅长于……begoodto对……友好Eg.Are

you

good

with

kids?

你和孩子们相处的好吗?Eg.Swimmingisgoodforyourhealth.游泳对你的健康有好处。Eg.Jackisgoodatplayingthepiano.杰克擅长弹钢琴。Eg.Maryisgoodtoeveryone.玛丽对每个人都很友好。知识点2：tell作动词，意为“告诉；讲述”，其常见的用法有：（1）tellsb.sth.（=tellsthtosb.）“告诉某人某事；给某人讲某事”。Eg.Canyoutellmeastory?你能给我讲一个故事吗？（2）告诉某人做某事告诉某人不要做某事Eg.Myparentsoftentellmetostudyhard.我的父母经常告诉我要努力学习。Pleasetellmenottoeheretomorrow.请告诉他明天不要来这儿了。【即学即用】1.MissClarkisgoodmusic,andsheisgoodchildreninthemusicclub.

A.at;with B.for;atC.with;at D.at;for2.Tomlikesreading,andhe’sverygoodat_______stories.A.write B.writes C.wrote D.writing3.Ourteachertellsus_______onthestreetbecauseit’stoodangerous.A.notplaysoccerB.notplayingsoccerC.nottoplaysoccerD.tonotplaysoccer5.Soundsgood.听起来不错。【用法详解】sound在句中用作连系动词，意为“听起来”，其后接形容词作表语。soundgreat意为“听起来很好”，常用于交际用语中，表示非常赞同别人的建议。【拓展延伸】类似用法：五个感官动词看起来看起来听起来感觉闻起来尝起来后接形容词【即学即用】1.Yourideasounds__________(well).Let’sgiveitatryandseeifitwillwork.

2.—Let’sgoandseetheanimalshow.—_______,theanimalisboringA.Sorry,butIwanttowatchTVB.No,I’mwatchingTVC.ThatsoundsgoodD.Seeyouthen3.—DoyoulikethesongsbyTaylor?—Yes.Countrymusic_______niceandfulloffeelings.A.soundsB.listensC.hearsD.looks6.Canyousingordance?你会唱歌或跳舞吗？【用法详解】（1）这是一个选择疑问句，其结构为“一般疑问句+or+其他选择部分”。回答选择疑问句时，不能用yes或no，而要从备选项中选择其中某一项回答。Eg.—IsitTom’s,Jack’sorMary’s?它是汤姆的、杰克的还是玛丽的？—It’sTom’s.是汤姆的。（2）or为并列连词，表示“或者；还是”，常用在疑问句中，表示在两者或两者以上之中选择其一。Eg.Isthatacarorabus?那是一辆小汽车还是一辆公共汽车？【易混辨析】重点：and与orand并列连词，意为“和；并且；然后”，用于句or并列连词，意为“或者；否则”，用于句和句【即学即用】1.Mybrotherdoesn’tlikeplayingbasketball_______watchingTV.A.andB.butC.orD.so2.—Ilikeart________music.Whataboutyou,Cindy?—Ilikethem,too.ButIdon'tlikesoccer________basketball.A.and;and B.or;orC.and;orD.or;and3.Ilikemutton,________Ilikebeef,too.A.andB.soC.butD.or7.PleasetalktoMr.Zhangafterschool.请放学后跟张老师谈。【用法详解】talk做不及物动词，意为“说话；交谈”，表示与某人说话时，其后应加to或with，构成talkto/withsb.“和某人交谈”；表示谈论某事时，其后应加about，构成talkaboutsth.“谈论某事”。Eg.Ioftentalkwithmyfriendsaboutourhomework.我常常和朋友谈论我们的家庭作业。【易混辨析】重点：四个“说”：talk,speak,say与tell单词含义用法图解助记tell告诉；讲述①tellsth.tosb.告诉某人某事②告诉某人（不要）做某事③讲故事speak说（某种语言）；说话①speak+语言“说某种语言”②speaktosb.跟某人说话say说（内容）say+说话内容talk说话；交谈①和某人交谈③谈论某事【即学即用】1.Don’ttalk_______yourfather.Heisdoingsomeimportantwork.

A.aboutB.forC.from D.to2.—Canyou_______Chinese?—No.ButIcan_______stories.A.speak;tellB.speak;talkC.say;tellD.talk;say3.Myteacheristalking_______myfather_______mystudy.A.to;with B.with;withC.with;to D.to;about4.—Doyouwanttogoswimmingintheriver,John?—Swim?Sorry,ourteachersalwaystellus_______intheriveralone.A.don’tswimB.tonotswimC.notswimmingD.nottoswim8.IcanspeakEnglishandIcanalsoplaysoccer.我会说英语，也会踢足球。【用法详解】知识点1：and连词，意为“和；而且；还”。可以用来连接并列的单词、短语或句子，表示并列、对比、顺承、结果等，译法较灵活，有时可不译出。Eg.LiPing,WangLinandIareclassmates.我和李平、王琳是同班同学。Mypetdogisblackandwhite.我的宠物狗是黑白相间的。知识点2：also副词，意为“也；而且”。Eg.Tomlikesrice.Ialsolikeit.汤姆喜欢米饭。我也喜欢。【易混辨析】重点：also,too与eitheralso用于句中，为正式用语，置于情态动词、助动词、be动词之后，实义动词之前too用于句末，常用于口语中，其前常加逗号与句子其他部分隔开either用于句末，其前不用逗号与句子其他部分隔开Eg.Shealsowantstogoswimming.她也想去游泳。Icandance,too.我也会跳舞。Jimcan’tswim,andIcan’teither.吉姆不会游泳，我也不会。【即学即用】1.I’mgoodatChineseandI’m_______goodatEnglish.A.also B.tooC.so D.either2.—IwanttobeateacherwhenIgrowup.—Workhard,_______yourdreamwilletrue.A.orB.butC.soD.and3.MyfriendFranksingswell,andheis________goodatplayingtheguitar.A.eitherB.alsoC.aswellD.too9.Iliketotalkandplaygameswithpeople.我喜欢与人交谈和做游戏。【用法详解】知识点1：with介词，意为“和……一起”。和……一起做游戏Eg.Idon’tliketoplaygameswithhim.我不喜欢和他一起做游戏。【拓展延伸】with的其他含义：with表示“带着；具有”→Iwantabighousewithagarden.我想要一幢有花园的大房子。with表示“用”→Iwritealetterwithapen.我用钢笔写了一封信。知识点2：people为集合名词，意为“人；人们”，本身含有复数意义，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。Eg.Manypeopleareinthepark.许多人在公园里。【拓展延伸】people做“民族”讲时，其复数形式为。Eg.Chinahasfiftysixpeoples.中国有56个民族。10.Weneedhelpattheoldpeople’shome.我们老人之家需要帮助。【用法详解】home名词，意为“家”，常见词组：“在家里”。Eg.MyhomeisinHainan.我的家在海南。Bobisathome.鲍勃在家里。【易混辨析】home,house与family单词用法图解助记home“家；家乡”，指家庭成员在一起生活的地方house“房子”，主要指建筑物、住宅，可以包含若干房间（rooms）family“家庭”，视为整体，常用作单数名词，谓语动词用单数“家庭成员”，常用作复数名词，谓语动词用复数【即学即用】1.SheisfromNanjing,butshehaslivedinBeijingfortenyears.Inhermind,Beijingishersecond_______.A.familyB.houseC.homeD.room

2.Hangzhouis________tohundredsofforeignfriendswhoareworkingandstudyinghere.A.homeB.houseC.familyD.room11.Areyoubusyafterschool?放学后你忙吗？【用法详解】busy作形容词，意为“忙碌的；无暇的”，其反义词为free。其常见搭配有：bebusywithsth.表示“忙于某事”bebusywithsth.表示“忙于某事”bebusydoingsth.表示“忙于做某事”busyEg.Myfatherisbusywithhiswork.我爸爸正忙于他的工作。Iambusydoingmyhomework.我正忙于做我的家庭作业。12.ThenweneedyoutohelpwithsportsforEnglishspeakingstudents.那么我们需要你帮助讲英语的学生开展体育活动。【用法详解】知识点1：need此处用作实义动词，意为“需要”，其后可接名词、代词、不定式等作宾语。needneed需要做某事需要某人做某事needsth.需要某物Eg.Ineedsomehelp.我需要一些帮助。Ineedtobuyanewpenformysister.我需要为我妹妹买一支新钢笔。Weneedsomeboystocleanthewindows.我们需要几个男孩来擦窗户。知识点2：在某方面帮助（某人）帮助某人做某事Eg.CanyouhelpmewithmyEnglish?你能在英语方面帮助我吗？Pleasehelpme(to)carrythebox.请帮我搬这个箱子。【即学即用】1.Doyouhavetimeontheweekend?Ineedyou_________(help)mewithmymath.2.Ialwayshelpmysister_______herhistory.A.toB.withC.forD.of3.Letme_______you_______English.A.tohelp;learnB.tohelp;tolearnC.help;learningD.help;learn13.Theschoolneedshelptoteachmusic.学校需要（音乐老师）帮忙教音乐。teachteachsb.sth.=teachsth.tosb.教某人某事teachteachsb.sth.=teachsth.tosb.教某人某事教某人做某事teachoneself自学sb.要用人称代词的宾格形式sb.要用人称代词的宾格形式，不能用物主代词。（×）SheteachesmyEnglish.（√）SheteachesmeEnglish.Eg.Mr.GreenteachesusEnglish.格林先生教我们英语。Canyouteachmetoswim?你能教我游泳吗？IteachmyselfEnglish.我自学英语。【即学即用】1.—Doyouknowwhoteaches________English?—Nobody.Helearnsitbyhimself.A.hisB.himC.heD.her2.HeisourChineseteacher.________.A.HeteachesusChineseB.HeteachesourChineseC.HeisnotgoodatChineseD.HelearnsChinesefromus课堂小测一、单项选择1.Helenis_________Americangirlandsheoftenplays_________violin.A.an;theB.a;anC.an;/D./;the2.—Whydoyouwantto_________theEnglishclub?—BecauseMrLiintheclubisgood_________us.A.joinin;withB.join;withC.joinin;atD.join;at3.Ifyouwanttogetmoreinformation（信息）,pleasecallme_________2563877.A.atB.forC.inD.of4.—Jim,canyou________thiswordinChinese?—Yes,Ican________alittleChinese.speak;say B.say;speakC.tell;speak D.talk;say5.Sallyconsiders（考虑）Wuhantobehersecond________becauseshehaslivedherefor13years.A.familyB.houseC.roomD.home6.Paulcanplay________tennisbuthecan’tplay________guitar.A.the;the B./;/ C./;the D.the;/7.Whichclubdoyouprefertojoin,thechessclub________thedancingclub?A.or B.andC.but D.so8.Sheisgoodat________,andshewants________themusicclub.A.sing;join B.singing;tojoin C.tosing;tojoin D.singing;joining9.Mr.Hanis________teacher.Heteaches________math.A.our;usB.our;ourC.ours;usD.we;us10.IcanspeakEnglish.Ican_______playsoccer.AndFrankcanplaysoccer,________.A.too;also B.also;too C.too;either D.also;either11.Doctorstellus________ourhandsbeforeandaftereverymeal.A.washB.washedC.washingD.towash12.MissSmithisgood_________music,andsheisgood________herstudents.A.at;with B.for;at C.at;in D.for;with13.LittleTomcandraw________.Hisdrawingarevery________.A.good;wellB.well;goodC.good;goodD.well;well14.Let’s________tothemoviesnow.That________great.A.going;sounding B.go;sounds C.go;sound D.goes;sounds15.Sheis________now,soshehasalotoftime.A.interesting B.busy C.free D.cool二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Thegirllikesmusic.Shewantstobea__________(music).2.Therearemanyoldpeopleattheold__________(people)home.Let’shelpthemthisweekend.3.Therearemany__________(story)abouttheSpringFestival.4.Studentsarebusy__________(clean)theclassroomnow?5.David__________(teach)usEnglishthisterm(学期).6.Hisparentsalwaystellhim__________(notplay)putergamesonschoolnights.7.Mysisterdoesn’twant__________(join)themusicclub.8.Samisagoodsinger.Hecansingvery__________(good).9.Canyouhelpme__________(learn)myEnglish?10.Mr.Smithteaches___________(they)scienceandtheythinkhisclassesareveryinteresting.完形填空Whenthenewschoolyearising,manystudentsbuynewpencils,pens,rules…But1._______canwesavemoneyontheseschoolthings?Here2.________somegoodideasforyou.◆Havealookat3.________backpackandpencilcase.Whenyouwant4.________newpencils,notebooksandotherschoolthings,havealookatyourbackpackandpencilcase.Youmay5.________someoldnotebooks,pencils,pens…Thenyoudon’tneedtobuynewones.◆Write6.________shoppinglist.Youcangotobuysomeschoolthingswithashoppinglist.Forschoolthingsyoudon’treallyneed,don’tbuy7.________.◆Buyoldbooksorborrowbooksyouneed.Youdon’tneedtobuysomepicturebooks.Youcanbuysomeoldonesorborrowsomefromyourfriends.It’salsogood8.________booksinsomebookstores9.________youdothiseverytime,youcansavelotsofmoney.Thenyoucanbuysomethingsyoureallyneed10.________themoneyyousaved.()1.A.what

B.who

C.which

D.how()2.A.is

B.are

C.do

D.does()3.A.you

B.your

C.yours

D.yourself()4.A.buy

B.buying

C.tobuy

D.tobuying()5.A.find

B.tofind

C.finding

D.found()6.A.a

B.an

C.the

D.不填()7.A.it

B.its

C.them

D.theirs()8.A.read

B.reading

C.toreading

D.toread()9.A.When

B.Assoonas

C.If

D.Because()10.A.with

B.on

C.of

D.for四、语法填空TodayIwanttotellyouaboutmysister,Lisa.Shehaslotsofhobbies(爱好).Sheisgoodat1.________(play)theguitar.Sheoftenplaysitonschool2.________(show).Shethinksit's3.________(relax).Shelikesdancingandsingingtoo.Shealsoloveswriting4.________(story),5.________shewantstojoinastorytellingclub.Shesaysshecanmakefriends6.________somepeoplethere.Sheisgoodwithherfriends.Sheoftenhelpsthemwithdancingorteachesthem7.________(sing).8._______theweekend,shelikestostay(待)athomeandtalkto9.________(we)parentsorplaychessatachesscenter.Shesaysshewantstobea10.________(music)whenshegrowsup(长大).五、根据汉语意思，完成句子。1.她的女儿小提琴拉得好。Her____________playsthe____________well.2.Bob会游泳，他想加入游泳俱乐部。Bobcan____________,sohewantstojointhe____________club.3.她喜欢交朋友吗?____________shelike_________________________?4.在敬老院工作是令人放松的。____________relaxing____________attheold____________home.5.他经常帮助我练习弹吉他。Heoften____________me____________playingtheguitar.语法精讲语法精讲情态动词can的用法一、语法概述情态动词是动词的一种，表示说话人的语气和态度等。有一定的意义，不能单独使用，不能单独作谓语，必须和实义动词或连系动词一起构成谓语，情态动词后面必须接动词原形。二、can的基本用法用法示例图解助记表示能力，意为“能；会”TomcanspeakChinese.汤姆会说汉语。Canyoudance?你会跳舞吗？表示请求或许可，意为“可以”CanIhelpyou?我可以帮助你吗？Canyouetomybirthdayparty?你能来参加我的生日聚会吗？表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句中Tomcan’tbeathome.汤姆不可能在家里。三、can构成的各种句式句式类型句式结构例句肯定句主语+can+动词原形+其他.Anncanplaychess.安会下国际象棋。否定句主语+can’t+动词原形+其他.Anncan’tplaychess.安不会下国际象棋。一般疑问句Can+主语+动词原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes,主语+can.否定回答：No,主语+can’t.—CanAnnplaychess?安会下国际象棋吗？—Yes,shecan./No,shecan’t.是的，她会。/不，她不会。特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其他？—WhocansinginEnglishinyourclass?你们班上谁会用英语唱歌？—Lilycan.莉莉会。【即学即用】句型转换，每空一词1.Lucycanplaytheguitar.(改为一般疑问句)__________Lucy__________theguitar?2.Shecanpaintanddance.(对画线部分提问)__________canshe___________?3.Canheplaychessorplaythedrums?(选用chess进行回答)___________________.4.CanJaneandyouswim?(作肯定回答)Yes,____________________.5.Bobcanplaysoccer.(改为否定句)Bob____________________soccer.6.Hersistercanjointheswimmingclub.(对画线部分提问)____________________canhersisterjoin?7.Mybrothercanplaytheviolin.(用thepiano改写为选择疑问句)__________yourbrotherplaytheviolin__________thepiano?8.WangFangcandancewithmusic.(对画线部分提问)____________________WangFang__________?语法小测一、单项选择1.It’ssurprisingthatMrs.Liu’s5yearoldgirl________speakEnglishsowell.A.canB.can’tC.mustD.mustn’t2.—________youhelpmewithmyChinese?—Yes,I________.A.Can;can’tB.Can;mayC.Can;canD.May;can3.—Canyoursistersing?—________A.Yes,hecan.B.Yes,hedoes.C.No,shedoesn't.D.Yes,shecan.4.—Canyouplaypingpongorbasketball?—________.A.IcanplaypingpongB.Yes,IcanplaypingpongC.No,Ican'tD.Yes,Icanplaybasketball5.Dad,wecan_______sportsatschoolforonehouraday.A.todoB.doesC.doD.doing6.—Whatclubdoeshejoin?

—Hecan

_______pictures,

sohe_______theartclub.

A.

draw;join

B.

draws;joinsC.

draws;join

D.

draw;joins

7.Artisdifficultforme.Ican’tsing_______dance.A.andB.orC.butD./8.—CanyousingEnglishsongs?—________.