四川省遂宁市射洪中学2023-2024学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题

射洪中学高2022级强基班高二（下）第一学月考试英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的班级、姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3.回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡对应题号的位置上。写在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatarethespeakersprobablytalkingabout?A.Thebikeprice.B.Abikerace.C.Theman’sbike.2.Whyhasthewomanmovedtheboy’sseat?A.Hetalkstoomuch.B.Hehastroubleinlistening.C.Shewantstoseehimbetter.3.Whendidthemangethisniece’scall?A.At6:05.B.At6:00.C.At5:45.4.Whatdoesthemanthinkismostneededtosucceed?A.Effort.B.Luck.C.Talent.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inashop.C.Inarestaurant.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答6、7题。6.Whatisthemangoingtodothissummer?A.Workatahotel.B.Repairhishouse.C.Teachacourse.7.Howwillthemanusethemoney?A.Tohireagardener.B.Tobuysomeflowers.C.Tobuybooks.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8Whatisthewomanremendingtotheman?A.Abook.B.Aclub.C.Acourse.9.Whatisthewomanreadingnow?A.TheBeautifulMind.B.TheKiteRunner.C.TheGreatGatsby.10.Howmuchtimedoesthemanhavetoreadthebook?A.Abouttwoweeks.B.Aboutthreeweeks.C.Aboutonemonth.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Howdidthemanlearnabouttheapartment?A.Inthenewspaper.B.Fromhisfriend.C.ThroughtheInternet.12.Whatiscoveredintherent?AGas.B.Electricity.C.Water.13.Whencanthemanmovein?A.OnThursday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSaturday.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whydidthewomanfailtocatchthebus?A.Shewaslate.B.Thebusleftearlierthanusual.C.Shewantedtowalkhome.15.Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.Thewoman’ssafety.B.Thepublictransportation.C.Thedangerousneighborhood.16.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodointheend?A.Buyacar.B.Callthenewspaper.Cplaintothelocalgovernment.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Coolingfans.B.Airconditioning.C.Roomdesign.18.Whichcountrymighthaveinventedthefirstcoolingdevice?A.Egypt.B.Rome.C.China.19.Whichcoolingmethodhasthelongesthistory?A.Wetplants.B.Coldwater.C.Handfans.20.Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A.Aradioprogramme.B.Aculturemagazine.C.Ahistorybook.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATherearesomanyamazingculturesaroundtheworld,eachhavingtheirownuniquesetoftraditions.Inthispost,wewillexplorefourinterestingculturaltraditionsaroundtheworld.Givingcinnamon(肉桂)inDenmarkInthewesternpartofDenmark,ifapersonisnotyetmarriedbythetimetheyreachtheir25thbirthday,theywillberestrainedbytheirfriendsandhavecinnamonthrownonthemintheNewYear’sEve.Theuniquetraditioncanbetranslatedto“givingcinnamon”.TheFestivalofLightinThailandTheFestivalofLight,alsocalled“LoyKrathong”,isontheeveningofthefullmoononthe12thmonthoftheThailunarcalendar.Themakerofthekrathongattachesacandletothehandcraftedflowerarrangement,whichwillbefloatingdownriverwaystoprayforfinancialluckandhappinessintheingyear.WifecarryingpetitioninFinlandMoreofapetitivesportthanitisatradition,aWifecarryingpetitioninFinland.Athletesparticipateinaracewhereamalepetitorcarriesafemalepetitorthroughanobstaclecourse.Thewinnersarethefastestteam,whichwillbeawardedaninterestingbonus—thewife’sweightinbeer.BakingmoneyintofoodinBoliviaWhilemanypeopleanticipatewatchingfireworksandtastingdeliciousdishesontheNewYear’sEve,Boliviansbakemoneyintosugarydessertsuchascakes.Theluckypersonreceivingthemonetarysurprisecanlookforwardtoenjoyingaprosperousyear.Doyouwanttoknowmore?Checkoutthefollowingpostabouttraditionsfromaroundtheworld.1.WhowillbethrowncinnamononinDenmark?A.A24yearoldfiancée. B.Asinglepersonover25.C.Afatheronhis25thbirthday. D.A26yearolddivorcedfriend.2.WhatdoesthetraditionsinThailandandinBoliviahaveinmon?A.BotharecelebratedintheNewYears’Eve. B.Bothareconcernedwiththemoongoddess.C.Bothinvolvefireworksanddeliciousdishes. D.Botharerelatedtopeople’swishforwealth.3.Wherewillyouprobablyfindthistext?A. B.C. D.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上一些有趣的文化传统。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Givingcinnamon(肉桂)inDenmark”下面的“InthewesternpartofDenmark,ifapersonisnotyetmarriedbythetimetheyreachtheir25thbirthday,theywillberestrainedbytheirfriendsandhavecinnamonthrownonthemintheNewYear’sEve.(在丹麦西部，如果一个人在25岁生日时还没有结婚，他们会被朋友控制住，并在除夕夜被扔肉桂)”可知，一个到了25岁还没结婚的人会被扔肉桂。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“TheFestivalofLightinThailand”下面的“Themakerofthekrathongattachesacandletothehandcraftedflowerarrangement,whichwillbefloatingdownriverwaystoprayforfinancialluckandhappinessintheingyear.(克拉通的制作者在手工制作的插花上系上一支蜡烛，这些插花将漂浮在河道上，以便祈祷来年的财运和幸福)”和“BakingmoneyintofoodinBolivia”下面的“Theluckypersonreceivingthemonetarysurprisecanlookforwardtoenjoyingaprosperousyear.(收到金钱惊喜的幸运儿可以期待享受一个繁荣的一年)”可知，泰国和玻利维亚的这两个传统都与人们的财富愿望相关。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Inthispost,wewillexplorefourinterestingculturaltraditionsaroundtheworld.(在这篇帖子中，我们将探讨世界各地四种有趣的文化传统)”和最后一段“Doyouwanttoknowmore?Checkoutthefollowingpostabouttraditionsfromaroundtheworld.(你想知道更多吗？查看以下关于世界各地传统的帖子)”可知，本文是一篇关于世界各地文化传统的帖子，涉及“全世界”和“文化传统”。由此推知，A项(s://worldwide/blog.)的网站最有可能找到这篇文章。故选A。BWhenIwasagirlofeight,livinginatown,IusedtoworkforMrs.White,anelderlylady.Shepaidmeverylittleformywork,becauseshedidn’thavemuchmoney.Shedid,however,promisetogivemeaChristmaspresent.ThegirlsIplayedwithhadbaseballgloves,bicyclesandiceskates,andIwassoeagertoacquireanyoneofthese.OnChristmasmorning,Mrs.Whitegavemealittlepackagewhichcouldhardlyholdanything.Iwaspainfullydisappointedbutshetoldmeitwasakindofmagic.Mydisappointmentturnedintocuriosity.WithgreatexcitementIopenedthepackage,onlytofindapileoftensheetsofblackpaperinside,eachlabeledincolorfulletters,CarbonPaperRegalPremium.Ididn’tknowwhatitwas.“Isitmagic?”Iasked.MyAuntKaren,whowasaschoolteacher,answered,“Itreallyis!”Shetooktwopiecesofwhitepaperandplacedbetweenthemoneoftheblacksheetsfromthebox.Then,withahardpencil,shewrotemynameontheuppersheet.RemovingitandtheCarbonPaperRegalPremium,shehandedmethesecondsheet,whichherpencilhadinnowaytouched.Therewasmyname!Iwasenthralled.Iwroteandwrote,usingupwholetabletsuntilthelastpieceofblackpaperwasusedup.ItwasagameIdidn’twanttoend.Iwasveryhappywithmyspecialgift.Icanhonestlysaythat,inthatonemoment,Iunderstoodasmuchaboutprinting,copyingwordsandthemysteryofspreadingideasasIhavelearnedintheremaininghalfcenturyofmylife.Ihopethatthisyearsomeboysandgirlswillreceive,fromthoughtfuladultswhoreallylovethem,giftsthatwillshockthem.Itissuchgiftsandsuchexperiences—usuallycostinglittleornothing—thattransformalifeandlenditamotivationthatmaycontinuefordecades.4.WhydidMrs.WhitepromisetogivethegirlaChristmaspresent?A.Shewantedtomeetthechild’swish. B.Sherewardedthegirlforhergoodwork.C.Shegavegiftstoeverychildinthetown. D.Shewantedtomakeupforthelowsalary.5.WhatdoweknowaboutCarbonPaperRegalPremium?A.Itisusedinschoolteaching. B.Itismadebyspecialmagicians.C.Itusuallyconsistsofcolorfulpaper. D.Itcancopysomethingwrittenonpaper.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Iwasenthralled.”inParagraph3mean?AIwasaddictedtoCarbonPaperRegalPremium.B.IwascuriousaboutCarbonPaperRegalPremium.C.IwasconfusedaboutCarbonPaperRegalPremium.D.Iwasshockedtherewasanameonthesecondsheet.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthetext?A.Childrenshouldworkforotherstogetagift. B.Agiftwithlongtermeffectsisabetterchoice.C.Childrenneedtoreceiveagiftthattheywant. D.CarbonPaperRegalPremiumisaperfectgift.【答案】4.D5.D6.A7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者八岁时得到了怀特太太送的复写纸作为礼物，作者对这种东西非常着迷，并从中学到了印刷、复制文字和传播思想的奥秘。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Shepaidmeverylittleformywork,becauseshedidn’thavemuchmoney.Shedid,however,promisetogivemeaChristmaspresent.(她给我的工资很少，因为她没有多少钱。然而，她答应给我一份圣诞礼物)”可知，怀特太太答应给那个女孩一份圣诞礼物是因为她想弥补低工资。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Shetooktwopiecesofwhitepaperandplacedbetweenthemoneoftheblacksheetsfromthebox.Then,withahardpencil,shewrotemynameontheuppersheet.RemovingitandtheCarbonPaperRegalPremium,shehandedmethesecondsheet,whichherpencilhadinnowaytouched.Therewasmyname!(她拿起两张白纸，从盒子里拿出一张黑布放在它们中间。然后，她用一支硬铅笔把我的名字写在上面那张纸上。她取下那张纸和那张皇家高级复写纸，递给我第二张纸，她的铅笔根本没碰过那张纸。上面却有我的名字！)”可知，CarbonPaperRegalPremium可以复制写在纸上的东西。故选D。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Iwroteandwrote,usingupwholetabletsuntilthelastpieceofblackpaperwasusedup.ItwasagameIdidn’twanttoend.(我写啊写，把整张纸都用完了，直到最后一张黑纸都用完了)”可知，作者一直把CarbonPaperRegalPremium都写完了，说明作者对CarbonPaperRegalPremium着迷了。故划线句意思是“我对CarbonPaperRegalPremium着迷了”。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Itissuchgiftsandsuchexperiences—usuallycostinglittleornothing—thattransformalifeandlenditamotivationthatmaycontinuefordecades.(正是这样的礼物和经历——通常花费很少或根本不花——改变了一个人的生活，并赋予它一种可能持续几十年的动力)”可推知，作者想要表达的信息是：有长期效果的礼物是更好的选择。故选B。CIfyourbossyells,blamesyou,andthentakesthecreditforyourwork—evenitisarareincident—itcanhaveabadeffectonyourwellbeingandperformanceattheworkplace.“Thankfully,abusiveleadershipisn’ttoomon,butwhenithappensitleavesemployeesfarlesslikelytotaketheinitiativeandworktoimprovebusinesspractices,”saidHowieXu,anauthorofanewstudycarriedoutbyaninternationalgroupofresearchers.“Wewantedtounderstandthecogmitivefactorsbehindthateffect—andfindouthowpaniescanprotecttheiremployeesfromthenegativeimpactofbadbosses.”Xu’steamsurveyedemployeesandsupervisorsfrom42differentSouthKoreanpanies,alongwithhundredsofUSstudents,toexplorethewaysinwhichabusivesupervisionimpacts“takingcharge”behaviorbyemployees.Subjectswerethenrankedaccordingtowhethertheyactivelyseekpositiveopportunitiesforpromotionandadvancementortakeamorepreventativeapproachthatprioritizessafetyandjobsecurity.“Wetheorizedthatboththedrivetoobtainrewards(promotion,bonuses)andthedrivetoavoidpunishments(maintainjobsecurity)wouldshapethewayemployeesrespondtoabusivebosses,”Xuexplained.Butthat’snotwhatXuandhisteamfound.Rather,theyfoundthatemployeeswhoprioritizedcareeradvancementwerestronglyaffectedbyabusiveleadershipwhileemployeeswhoprioritizedjobsecurityremainedjustaslikelytotakechargeafterexperiencingabusiveleadership.Onepossibleexplanation,Xusaid,isthatambitiousemployeesmaythinkanabusivebosshasdirectcontroloverwhethertheywillreceivebonusesoropportunitiesforpromotion.Bycontrast,badbossesmaybeseenashavinglessdirectcontroloverfringdecisions,whichoftenrequireratification(批准)byHRteamsormoreseniormanagers.That’sanimportantfinding,becauseitsuggeststhatorganizationsseekingtolessentheimpactofbadleadershipshouldfocusongivingpowertoemployeesandmakingthemfeelvaluedandappreciated,ratherthansimplyapologizingandmakingthemfeelsurethattheirjobsaresafe.8.WhatdoHowioXu’swordsinparagraph2suggest?A.It’surgentforpaniestoreplacetheirbadbosses.B.paniesshouldperfecttheirstaffevaluationsystem.C.Beingavictimofabusiveleadershipisverynormal.D.Abusiveleadershiplowersemployees’workenthusiasm.9.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromparagraph4?A.Thefindinghadasolidtheoryfoundation.B.Thefindingwasbeyondthestudyteam’sexpectations.C.Employeestendtoputpotentialrewardsbeforeeverythingelse.D.Employeesgenerallyholdanunfriendlyattitudetowardabusivebosses.10.Whatshouldorganizationsprimarilydoiftheemployeeswereabused?A.Givethemsuitablerecognition. B.Guaranteethemjobsecurity.C.Seekhelpfromprofessionals. D.Makeasincereapologytothem.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.It’sPossibletoKeepaBadBossatBayB.It’sImportanttoAvoidBeingaBadBossC.HavingaBadBossMayMakeYouaWorseEmployeeD.HavingBadHRTeamsKeepsYouAwayfromJobSatisfaction【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了虐待式领导对员工心理和行为的影响，并指出组织应该通过赋予员工更多的权力和自主权来减轻这种影响。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段““Thankfully,abusiveleadershipisn’ttoomon,butwhenithappensitleavesemployeesfarlesslikelytotaketheinitiativeandworktoimprovebusinesspractices,”saidHowieXu,anauthorofanewstudycarriedoutbyaninternationalgroupofresearchers.“Wewantedtounderstandthecognitivefactorsbehindthateffect—andfindouthowpaniescanprotecttheiremployeesfromthenegativeimpactofbadbosses.”(一个国际研究小组开展一项新研究的作者HowieXu说：“值得庆幸的是，虐待式领导并不太常见，但一旦发生，员工就不太可能主动采取行动和努力改善商业惯例。我们想了解这种影响背后的认知因素，并找出公司如何保护员工免受坏老板的负面影响。”)”可知，虐待式领导不常见，但是一旦发生，员工就不太可能主动采取行动，努力改善商业惯例，也就是说员工的工作热情会降低。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段““Wetheorizedthatboththedrivetoobtainrewards(promotion,bonuses)andthedrivetoavoidpunishments(maintainjobsecurity)wouldshapethewayemployeesrespondtoabusivebosses,”Xuexplained.Butthat’snotwhatXuandhisteamfound.Rather,theyfoundthatemployeeswhoprioritizedcareeradvancementwerestronglyaffectedbyabusiveleadershipwhileemployeeswhoprioritizedjobsecurityremainedjustaslikelytotakechargeafterexperiencingabusiveleadership.(徐解释说：“我们的理论是，获得奖励(升职、奖金)的动力和避免惩罚(维护工作安全)的动力都会影响员工对虐待型老板的反应。”但这并不是徐和他的团队所发现的。相反，他们发现，优先考虑职业发展的员工受到虐待性领导的强烈影响，而优先考虑工作保障的员工在经历过虐待性领导后仍有可能掌权。)”可知，徐的团队原以为获得奖励(升职、奖金)的动力和避免惩罚(维护工作安全)的动力都会影响员工对虐待型老板的反应。但是，研究发现，优先考虑职业发展的员工受到虐待性领导的强烈影响，而优先考虑工作保障的员工在经历过虐待性领导后仍有可能掌权。由此可推测，这个发现超出了研究小组的预期。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“That’sanimportantfinding,becauseitsuggeststhatorganizationsseekingtolessentheimpactofbadleadershipshouldfocusongivingpowertoemployeesandmakingthemfeelvaluedandappreciated,ratherthansimplyapologizingandmakingthemfeelsurethattheirjobsaresafe.(这是一个重要的发现，因为它表明，寻求减少不良领导影响的组织应该把重点放在赋予员工权力，让他们感到受到重视和欣赏，而不是简单地道歉，让他们觉得自己的工作是安全的。)”可知，组织应该把重点放在赋予员工权力，让他们感到受到重视和欣赏，而不是简单地道歉，让他们觉得自己的工作是安全的。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Ifyourbossyells,blamesyou,andthentakesthecreditforyourwork—evenitisarareincident—itcanhaveabadeffectonyourwellbeingandperformanceattheworkplace.(如果你的老板对你大吼大叫，责怪你，然后把你的功劳占为自己的——即使这种情况很少发生——这可能会对你的健康和工作表现产生不好的影响。)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究发现，即拥有糟糕老板的员工更可能受到负面影响，并在工作中表现得更差。故选C。DReducingfoodwasteiseasy—justaskthestudentsataschoolinWoodbridge,America,whohavebeeexpertsatsortingtheirlunchtimetrash(垃圾).Sincethefallof2019,theyhaveactivelyparticipatedinasuccessfulfoodwastediversionprogramthatnotonlysavesmoneybutalsocontributestoreducingtheamountoftrashthatheadstolandfills.Actually,thisprogramplaysacrucialroleinfacinguptothechallengesofclimatechange.Byreducingfoodwaste,theschoolminimizestheamountoftrashsenttolandfills,therebyreducingharmfulmethaneemissions(沼气排放).Theschool’sprogramismakingasignificantimpact.Eachmonth,itmovesover1,300poundsoffoodwaste,resultinginanestimatedreductionof772poundsinCO,emissionsandtheproductionof180kilowatthoursofenergy,accordingtoBlueEarthpostinAmerica.Atschool,whenstudentsaredoneeatinglunch,theyheadtoanappointedsection—arowofdesks,garbagecansandcontainers—wheretheysorttheirtrash.Leftoverliquids,suchasjuiceormilk,areemptiedintoabigbasinonthefloor.Thejuicecontainersandplasticwaterbottlesareplacedintoanothercontainertorecycle.Additionally,prepackaged,unopenedsnackssuchasbagsofcarrotsaswellasproducesuchasapplesandbananasare“rescued”andplacedintoabigbasketwithahandwritten“Donations”signtapedtoittosendtothetown’sseniorcenter.Thebenefitsextendbeyondenvironmentalawareness.Theprogramreducestrashcarryingcostsaslessweightgoesintothetrashbins,makingiteasierforcleanerstomanage.Thestudentsalsofindthisplanetfriendlypracticeenjoyableandmeaningful,consideringitasmallgamethatcontributestoabiggercause.Thisinitiativeprovesthatcollectiveefforts,evenonasmallerscale,canleadtosignificantchanges,notonlyinwastereductionbutalsoineducatingagenerationmittedtopreservingourplanet.12.WhatdoesthefoodwastereductionprogramfocusonattheschoolinWoodbridge?A.Savingschoolfood.B.Donatingunopenedsnacks.C.Fertilizingtheschool’sgarden.D.Minimizingharmfulgasesemissions.13.Whatistheimpactofreducingmethaneemissionsaccordingtothetext?A.Itleadstofoodcostreducing.B.Ithelpswithenergyproduction.C.Itimproveswastemanagement.D.Itaddressesclimatechangeeffectively.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rescued”meaninparagraph3?A.Saved. B.Frozen. C.Abandoned. D.Repurposed15.Whatmessagedoesthetextconveyabouttheprogram?A.Itiscostlybuthighlyeffective.B.Itiseasytoperformandcostsaving.C.Itisexpensiveanddifficulttoapply.D.Itisonlyaccessibleinlargepanies.【答案】12.D13.D14.A15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了美国一小学发起的厨房垃圾分类活动节约了开支，缓解了气候变化问题并培养了学生的环保意识的故事。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Byreducingfoodwaste,theschoolminimizestheamountoftrashsenttolandfills,therebyreducingharmfulmethaneemissions(沼气排放).(通过减少食物浪费，学校将送往垃圾填埋场的垃圾数量降至最低，从而减少有害的甲烷排放)”可知，这个项目最关键的作用在于减少沼气排放。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Theschool’sprogramismakingasignificantimpact.Eachmonth,itmovesover1,300poundsoffoodwaste,resultinginanestimatedreductionof772poundsinCO,emissionsandtheproductionof180kilowatthoursofenergy,accordingtoBlueEarthpostinAmerica.(这个学校的项目正在产生重大影响。据美国蓝色地球堆肥公司(BlueEarthpost)称，该公司每个月要处理1300多磅的食物垃圾，估计可减少772磅的二氧化碳排放量，并产生180千瓦时的能源)”可知，厨房垃圾减少，温室气体的排放减少，产生的能源增加，对气候的改变有很大影响。故选D。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据前文“Atschool,whenstudentsaredoneeatinglunch,theyheadtoanappointedsection—arowofdesks,garbagecansandcontainers—wheretheysorttheirtrash.(在学校，当学生们吃完午饭后，他们会前往一个指定的区域——一排桌子、垃圾桶和容器——在那里分类垃圾)”以及后文“placedintoabigbasketwithahandwritten“Donations”signtapedtoittosendtothetown’sseniorcenter.(放在一个大篮子里，上面贴着手写的“捐赠”标志，送到镇上的老年中心)”可知，食物垃圾被分类，这些未开封的食物应该是要被节省下来捐赠出去。由此推知，划线词rescued意为“节省”之意，和A项意思相近。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Sincethefallof2019,theyhaveactivelyparticipatedinasuccessfulfoodwastediversionprogramthatnotonlysavesmoneybutalsocontributestoreducingtheamountoftrashthatheadstolandfills.(自2019年秋季以来，他们积极参与了一项成功的食物垃圾转移计划，该计划不仅节省了资金，还有助于减少送往垃圾填埋场的垃圾数量)”以及最后一段“Thestudentsalsofindthisplanetfriendlypracticeenjoyableandmeaningful,consideringitasmallgamethatcontributestoabiggercause.Thisinitiativeprovesthatcollectiveefforts,evenonasmallerscale,canleadtosignificantchanges,notonlyinwastereductionbutalsoineducatingagenerationmittedtopreservingourplanet.(学生们也觉得这个对地球友好的练习很有趣，也很有意义，认为这是一个小游戏，却能为更大的事业做出贡献。这一倡议证明，集体努力，即使规模较小，也可以带来重大变化，不仅在减少废物方面，而且在教育致力于保护我们地球的一代人方面)”可推知，这次活动比较容易实行并且能节省开支。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheImportanceofBeingIndependentTheabilitytobeindependentissomethingnoteveryonepossesses.___16___Andlearningtosupportyourselfisfundamentalforanysuccessyoueverhopetoachieve.Attheendoftheday,youonlyhaveyourselftofallbackon,soit’sveryimportanttobeabletohandlethingsonyourown.Peoplerelyonothersfarmorethanitisnecessary.Peopleputtheirhappinessinthehandsofasignificantperson,thinkingthiswillbringthemsatisfaction.___17___Shouldyoualwaysbedependentonsomeoneelse?Ofcoursenot.___18___Therefore,youneedtolearnhowtomakedecisionsonyourown.Peopleareunabletobeindependentforavarietyofreasons,withfearbeingthebiggest:thefearofbeingalone,thefearofrejectionandthefearofthefuture.However,thereisnoreasontobaseyourlifedecisionsonrelationshipswithpeople.Allrelationshipsendatsomepointoranother.___19___Theonlythingyoucandoisalteryourunderstandingofrelationships.Insteadofexpectingthemtomakeyouhappybybeinginyourlifeandprovidingenjoyment,appreciatethetimespentandenjoymentsinceyouknowitwillbegone.___20___Don’taskforadvice,dowhatyouwantandlearnfromyourownmistakes.Manypeopleareafraidtothinkforthemselvesbecausethatinvolvestakingresponsibilityfortheirownlives.Thisisjustonewaypeoplebeedependent.Wearebornaloneandwediealone,soweeachhavetotakeresponsibilityforourlivesateverystepalongtheway.A.Thereisnothingyoucandotochangeoraffectthat.B.Thisisaseriouserrortoomanypeoplemakethesedays.C.Makedecisionsbyandforyourself,whatevertheymaybe.D.Youcancontrolyourownlifebymakingyourownchoices.E.However,youneedtobeindependentinordertosurviveintheworld.F.Inanymomentofdecision,thebestthingyoucandoiswaitfortherighttime.G.Notonlyareyoulimitingyourself,youarealsolikelytobeeaburdentothisperson.【答案】16.E17.B18.G19.A20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕“独立”的重要性进行论述，阐述了独立对于个人成长和成功的重要性。【16题详解】根据空前“Theabilitytobeindependentissomethingnoteveryonepossesses.(独立的能力不是每个人都具备的。)”可知，不是每个人都具备独立的能力。而空后“Andlearningtosupportyourselfisfundamentalforanysuccessyoueverhopetoachieve.(学习支持自己是你想要获得成功的基础。)”可知，独立是成功的基础。选项E“However,youneedtobeindependentinordertosurviveintheworld.(然而，为了在这个世界上生存，你需要独立。)”承上启下，与上文存在转折关系，指的是虽然不是每个人都具备独立的能力，但是我们必须独立才能生存，同时引出下文，指出我们应该学会独立。故选E。【17题详解】根据空前“Peoplerelyonothersfarmorethanitisnecessary.Peopleputtheirhappinessinthehandsofasignificantperson,thinkingthiswillbringthemsatisfaction.(人们对别人的依赖远远超过了必要的程度。人们把自己的幸福交到重要的人手里，以为这会给他们带来满足。)”可知，人们总是过度依赖别人。而根据下文“Shouldyoualwaysbedependentonsomeoneelse?Ofcoursenot.(你应该一直依赖别人吗？当然不是。)”可判断，总是依赖他人是不对的。选项B“Thisisaseriouserrortoomanypeoplemakethesedays.(这是现在很多人犯的严重错误。)”是上文内容的总结，指出人们总是过度依赖他人，这是错误的。故选B。【18题详解】根据空前内容“Shouldyoualwaysbedependentonsomeoneelse?Ofcoursenot.(你应该一直依赖别人吗？当然不是。)”可知，我们不应该总是依赖别人。选项G“Notonlyareyoulimitingyourself,youarealsolikelytobeeaburdentothisperson.(你不仅限制了自己，还可能成为对方的负担。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是如果我们总是依赖别人，我们不但限制了自己还可能成为对方的负担。故选G。【19题详解】根据空前内容“However,thereisnoreasontobaseyourlifedecisionsonrelationshipswithpeople.Allrelationshipsendatsomepointoranother.(然而，没有理由把你的人生决定建立在与人的关系上。所有的关系都有结束的时候。)”可知，所有的关系都有结束的时候；而根据下文“Theonlythingyoucandoisalteryourunderstandingofrelationships.(你唯一能做的就是改变你对人际关系的理解。)”可知，对于“所有的关系都有结束的时候”这件事，我们是无法改变的。选项A“Thereisnothingyoucandotochangeoraffectthat.(你无法改变或影响这一点。)”承上启下，承接上文说明我们无法改变这一点，引出下文，我们只有改变自己对人际关系的理解。故选A。【20题详解】空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Don’taskforadvice,dowhatyouwantandlearnfromyourownmistakes.Manypeopleareafraidtothinkforthemselvesbecausethatinvolvestakingresponsibilityfortheirownlives.Thisisjustonewaypeoplebeedependent.Wearebornaloneandwediealone,soweeachhavetotakeresponsibilityforourlivesateverystepalongtheway.(不要寻求建议，做你想做的，从自己的错误中吸取教训。许多人害怕独立思考，因为这涉及到为自己的生活负责。这只是人们变得依赖的一种方式。我们孤独地出生，孤独地死去，所以我们每个人都必须为自己生命中的每一步负责。)”可知，在本段中，作者建议我们做自己想做的，为自己的每一步负责。选项C“Makedecisionsbyandforyourself,whatevertheymaybe.(自己做决定，不管决定是什么。)”与本段内容相符，指出对于自己的人生，我们应该做出自己的决定。故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwastenwhenmymotherwasdiagnosedwithcancer.Priortothat,shehadbeena(n)___21___woman,activetoanextentmostpeoplefoundastonishing.Asachild,Iwasamazedbyheracplishments.Butatthirtyone,herlife___22___.Andsodidmine.Shecoulddoanything,I___23___.Shewontennistournaments.Shetookphotographsandheldherownexhibition.She___24___asanewspapercolumnist,andshecookedSpanishdishesforthefamily.Now,shefacedherillnesswiththesame___25___.Wordslike“disabled”and“physicaltherapy”becamepartofa(n)___26___newworldweenteredtogether.___27___,Ibegantohelptakecareofher.Anditbecameroutineto___28___herintothekitchen,wheresheinstructedmeinthe___29___ofpeelingcarrotsandpotatoesandhowtoprepareadecentbreakfast.Everyacplishmentwasa____30____forusboth:theelectrictypewriter,thecarwithpowersteeringandbrakes,herreturnto____31____,wheresheearnedamaster’sdegreeinspecialeducation.SheeventuallyfoundedanactivistsupportgroupcalledTheHandicappers.Oneday,without____32____muchbeforehand,shetookmetoaHandicappersmeeting.Ihadneverseensomanypeoplewithsomany____33____.Ireturnedhome,thinkinghow____34____wereallywere.Becausemymotheracceptedherconditionwithsuchoptimism,Irarelyfeltsadorresentfulaboutit.Instead,IviewedherdrivetolookforwardtothingsI____35____asagreatmysteryandpowerfulinspirationinmylife.21.A.gentle B.energetic C.talented D.decent22.A.changed B.failed C.improved D.paused23.A.imagined B.admitted C.doubted D.believed24.A.applied B.spoke C.wrote D.studied25.A.success B.sincerity C.enthusiasm D.wisdom26.A.familiar B.strange C.exciting D.changeable27.A.Gradually B.Particularly C.Alternatively D.Finally28.A.drag B.pull C.guide D.wheel29.A.art B.significance C.safety D.plan30.A.solution B.milestone C.dream D.warning31.A.hospital B.court C.work D.college32.A.saying B.hiding C.pretending D.showing33.A.gifts B.disabilities C.weaknesses D.privileges34.A.strong B.hopeless C.helpful D.f