安徽省安庆市桐城中学2023-2024学年高二下学期开学教学质量检测英语试题

桐城中学2023—2024学年度下学期开学检测高二英语试卷考生须知：1.本卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，满分150分，考试时间120分钟；2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatexercisewillthemandotoday?A.Swimming.B.Yoga.C.Weightlifting.2.Whatwasthereasonforthemantoworkatthecharityatfirst?A.Tohelpthehomeless.B.Todoacollegeproject.C.Togetworkexperience.3.Wherearethespeakersnow?A.Atanartmuseum.B.Atafurniturestore.C.Attheman’shome.4.Whatdoesthewoman’scatdowhenitseesmice?A.Itactsfriendlytowardsthem.B.Ittriestocatchthem.C.Itstaysstill.5.Whatisthewomanteachingtheman?A.Howtowritethereport.B.Howtousetheprinter.C.Howtochangethepassword.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatwasthetruckcarrying?A.Beer.B.Animals.C.Glassboxes.7.Whatdoweknowaboutthetruckdriver?A.Hegothurt.B.Hefeltupset.C.Heranaway.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Helphershoponline.B.Teachhertomakecoffee.C.Buyheracupofcoffee.9.HowmuchdoestheItaliancoffeemakercost?A.$1000.B.$1500.C.$2000.10.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeelaboutthesilvercoffeemaker?A.It’snotbeautiful.B.It’stooexpensive.C.It’snotadvancedenough.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Footballplayerandfan.B.Reporterandcoach.C.Teammates.12.Wheredidthemangettoknowthenews?A.Fromsocialmedia.B.FromTV.C.Fromradio.13.WhatistherealreasonforRyantoleavetheclub?A.Hedidn’tperformwellduringtheseason.B.HewantstojoinMr.White’steam.C.Heisunsatisfiedwithhispay.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatisthemainideaoftheconversation?APreparinganartpetition.B.Applyingtoanartschool.C.Arranginganartshow.15.WhatisDylan’sstyleofpaintingprobably?A.Oilpaintings.B.Pencilpaintings.C.Watercolorpaintings.16.HowmanyphotosshouldDylansend?A.5.B.10.C.15.17.Whatisthewomaninahurrytodo?A.Sendanemail.B.Visitherfriend.C.Attendameeting.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whoisthespeechfor?A.Themanagers.B.Theemployees.C.Thecustomers.19.Whyisthespeakergivingthespeech?A.Tointroducehimself.B.Tosetaregularmeeting.C.Tosellnewputers.20.Whatwillthespeakerdoduringnextweek?A.Giveputerlessons.B.Joinanewpany.C.Collectgreatideas.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ALocationStHelenaisoneoftheremotestislandsonEarth.Thesubtropical(亚热带的)BritishOverseasTerritorysitsinthemiddleoftheSouthAtlanticOcean,1,200milesfromthewestcoastofAfricaand1,800milesfromtheeastcoastofSouthAmerica.SizePopulationStHelenaisonly16kmlongand9kmwideandthepopulationis5,000.Thisis1/3thesizeoftheIsleofWight,andthesamesizeasDisneyWorldOrlando.ThisisalsothesamesizeasSanFranciscoyettheislandhasjust0.5%ofSanFrancisco’spopulation.Withanextremelylowcrimemunity,youcanfreelyexploretheisland’snaturalandbuiltattractionsinpeace.ClimateAsasubtropicalisland,StHelena’stemperatureis1528℃allyearround.WhilethefourseasonsarenotrecognizedonStHelena,the“coolermonths”aregenerallyJunetoSeptemberandthe“hottermonths”areDecembertoMarch.StHelenaisfreefromextremeweatherevents,witheventhunderstormsonlyoccurringperhapsonceadecade.AccessibilityUntil2017,StHelenadidnothaveanairportandwasonlyaccessiblebysea.ReachingtheislandmeantafivedayshipvoyagefromCapeTown,SouthAfrica.However,sinceOctober2017,theisland’sfirstandonlyairporthasenabledpassengerstoreachtheislandinjustasixhourflight.1.InwhataspectareStHelenaandSanFranciscoalike?A.Climate. B.Population. C.Crimerate. D.Area.2.WhatcanbestdescribetheclimateofStHelena?A.Tropical. B.Mild. C.Dry. D.Extreme.3.HowcouldvisitorsgainentryintoStHelenabefore2017?A.Byplane. B.Bycar. C.Byship. D.Bytrain.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了圣赫勒拿（StHelena）这个位于南大西洋中部的英国海外领土，包括其地理位置、大小、人口、气候以及可达性等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段SizePopulation部分中“

ThisisalsothesamesizeasSanFranciscoyettheislandhasjust0.5%ofSanFrancisco’spopulation.

(这个岛的面积也和旧金山一样大，但人口只有旧金山的0.5%。)”可知，二者共同之处是面积大小一样。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段Climate部分中“Asasubtropicalisland,StHelena’stemperatureis1528℃

allyearround.(圣赫勒拿岛属亚热带岛屿，全年气温为1528°C。)”和“StHelenaisfreefromextremeweatherevents,witheventhunderstormsonlyoccurringperhapsonceadecade.(圣赫勒拿岛没有极端天气事件，甚至雷暴也可能每十年才发生一次。)”可知，此地气候是亚热带气候，没有极端天气发生，故可知气候较温和。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段Accessibility部分中“Until2017,StHelenadidnothaveanairportandwasonlyaccessiblebysea.

(直到2017年，圣赫勒拿岛还没有机场，只能通过海路到达。)”可知，2017年以前都只能通过坐船到达该岛。故选C。BForalongtime,IkeptaselectionofbooksonashelfnexttomybedthatIcalledmy“heartbooks”.Toqualifyforaplaceontheshelf,abookhadtobenotonlyoneIloved,butonethatmattered.Therewasonebookthatnevermadeitontothatshelf,thoughIreaditinhighschool:WritingDowntheBonesbyNatalieGoldberg.IcanstillrememberthedayIboughtit.ItwassummerandImusthavebeen14or15.Desperatetogetoutofmyhouse,Irodemybikeintotownandwalkedintothebookstore.Iwasgoingthroughtheshelfofbooksonwritinganditcaughtmyeye.Ipickeditup,readafewpages,andboughtit.ThenItookitwithmetoapark,readthefirstfewchapters,andopenedmynotebooktowrite.It’safairlystraightforwardwritingbook.Goldberg’smethodissimple:youchooseatopic,setatimer,andwritefor10,15,or20minuteswithoutpickingupyourpen.Freewriting,timedwriting,writingtopics:anyonewhohastakenacreativewritingclassmayhaveencounteredthesethings.It’snotearthshattering.TherewasnothingparticularlyneworunusualaboutthebooksoIcan’tsaywhyitattractedmesomuch.Butitchangedeverything.Iwentfrombeingsomeonewhoenjoyedwritingtobeingawriter.Duringmyteenyearsandearlytwenties,followingGoldberg’smethodwasatthecoreofmyidentity.NomatterwhereIwasorwhatIwasdoing,Ifillednotebooks.WhenIeventuallystartedwritingfiction,Ididthesamething.The“I”inmynotebooksbecamesomeoneelse,butIheldtothesamepractice.ThiswritingpracticeledmetoawritinggroupinBoston.Itledmetomycurrentcareer.Itledme,insomanyways,tomyself.Beingawriterallowedmetobeesomanyotherthings:anactivist,abusinessowner,afarmer,abaker...WritingiswhereIfoundmyconfidence.ItwaswhereIbecamecuriousabouttheworld.Fromthat,everythingelsehasfollowed.4.HowdidtheauthorencounterWritingDowntheBones?A.Byfollowingaselectionof“heartbooks”.B.Byreferringtoabooklistaboutwriting.C.ByremendationofNatalieGoldberg.D.Byseekingwritingbooksonabookshelf.5.Whatdoestheword“earthshattering”underlinedinparagraph3mean?A.Trivial. B.Remarkable. C.Appropriate. D.Amusing.6.WhatcanweinferaboutWritingDowntheBones?A.Itinspiredtheauthortobeawriter.B.Itwasthefirstnoveltheauthorread.C.Itmadetheauthorstarttolovewriting.D.Itisoneofthebookstheauthorreadsmost.7.Whichofthefollowingisansweredbythelastparagraph?A.Whatistheauthor’slifelikerightnow?B.Whatdidtheauthordointhewritinggroup?C.Howhasthewritingpracticeshapedtheauthor?D.Whydidtheauthorgiveupthewritingpractice?【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了作者在高中时读过的《写下骨子里的东西》一书，以及它对作者成为作家和发现自我的重要影响。通过这本书，作者培养了写作的习惯，进而发展出了自己的创作方式，并通过写作找到了自信和对世界的好奇心。最终，成为作家的经历使作者能够成为其他许多身份的人，如活动家、企业家、农民、烘焙师等。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“IcanstillrememberthedayIboughtit.ItwassummerandImusthavebeen14or15.Desperatetogetoutofmyhouse,Irodemybikeintotownandwalkedintothebookstore.Iwasgoingthroughtheshelfofbooksonwritinganditcaughtmyeye.Ipickeditup,readafewpages,andboughtit..(我仍然记得我买它的那天。那是一个夏天，我大概14或15岁。不顾一切地想离开我的房子，我骑着自行车进城，走进书店。我在翻阅书架上关于写作的书时，这本书引起了我的注意。我拿起它，读了几页，就买了下来。)”可知，作者是一次在书店在翻阅书架上关于写作的书时发现《WritingDowntheBones》这本书的。故选D。5题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词上一句“Freewriting,timedwriting,writingtopics:anyonewhohastakenacreativewritingclassmayhaveencounteredthesethings.

(自由写作，定时写作，写作主题：任何上过创意写作课的人都可能遇到过这些事情。)”以及划线单词下一句“TherewasnothingparticularlyneworunusualaboutthebooksoIcan’tsaywhyitattractedmesomuch.

(这本书并没有什么特别新颖或不同寻常的地方，所以我也说不出为什么它如此吸引我。)”可推测，任何上过创意写作课的人都可能遇到过的事情在说中都有所描述，并且这本书没有什么特别新颖或不同寻常的地方。因此猜测划线单词指的应该是“极棒的、引人注目的”，和空前的“not”结合，指的是书中的方法并不是那么引人注目。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Butitchangedeverything.Iwentfrombeingsomeonewhoenjoyedwritingtobeingawriter.(但它改变了一切。我从一个喜欢写作的人变成了一个作家。)”可知，《WritingDowntheBones》这本书改变了作者，使作者从一个喜欢写作的人变成了一个作家。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“ThiswritingpracticeledmetoawritinggroupinBoston.Itledmetomycurrentcareer.Itledme,insomanyways,tomyself.Beingawriterallowedmetobeesomanyotherthings:anactivist,abusinessowner,afarmer,abaker...WritingiswhereIfoundmyconfidence.ItwaswhereIbecamecuriousabouttheworld.Fromthat,everythingelsehasfollowed.(这种写作练习让我加入了波士顿的一个写作小组。这让我有了现在的职业。在很多方面，它让我找回了自己。成为一名作家让我成为了许多其他的身份：一个活动家，一个企业主，一个农民，一个面包师……写作是我找到自信的地方。在那里，我开始对这个世界充满好奇。从那以后，其他一切都随之而来。)”可知，最后一段讲述的是这种写作练习使作者拥有了现在的职业，成为了一名作家，并且使作者成为了许多其他的身份：一个活动家，一个企业主，一个农民，一个面包师等。由此可推测，这一段回答了选项C“Howhasthewritingpracticeshapedtheauthor?(写作练习如何塑造了作者？)”这一问题。故选C。CHaveyoueverwalkedthroughadoorandthoughttoyourself,“WhatwasIgoingtodo?”Ifyouhave,youarenotalone.Psychologistsbelievethatwalkingthroughadoorandenteringanotherroomcreatesa“mentalblock”inthebrain.Thisisgenerallyreferredtoasthedoorwayeffect.Intheearlyyearsofbrainresearch,scientiststhoughtthathumanmemorywaslikeacloset,withmanysectionsinwhichwecouldstorelittleboxesofexperiencesfromourlives.Boxeswouldremainthereforever,andwheneverwehadtolookintothem,wecouldjustgotothatparticularsectionandfindthatboxofmemory.Beautifulasthisdescriptionofhumanmemoryformationsounds,itisnottrue.Ourbrainismuchmoreplexthanthat.Psychologicalstudiessuggestthatourmemoriesareepisodic(情节性的)ingeneral.Ifyouthinkbackonanything,you’llprobablyquicklyrealizeourmemoriesdon’tfunctionasclearnarratives.Instead,they’remoreepisodicanddividedintoparts.AnewresearchledbypsychologistOliverBaumannfromBondUniversityinAustraliasuggeststhatit’snotsomuchthedoorwaysthatcauseamemorywipe,asmovingfromonelocationtoasignificantlydifferentone—it’stheabruptchangeofscenethatpreparesourmindsforsomethingnew.“Agoodexampleismovingaroundinadepartmentstore,”saysBaumann,“Takingtheelevatorbetweenfloorsmayhavenoeffectonourmemory,butmovingfromthestoretotheparkinglotmightcauseustoforgetsomethingthatweneedtobuy.”Baumannalsopointsoutthatabusyandperhapsoverloadedbraindoesseemtoplaysomepartinthisphenomenon.Inotherwords,walkingthroughopendoorsisthoughttoresetmemorytomakeroomforanewepisode.Thegoodnewsisthatexperiencingsuchforgettableepisodesafterenteringanotherroomdoesnottellyouanythingaboutyourmemoryandintelligence.Sowhenyouenteraroomandsuddenlyforgetwhyyouarethere,youshouldnotthinkthatAlzheimer’sdiseaseiscreepinguponyou!8.Whichofthefollowingwouldmostprobablybe“doorwayeffect”?A.Youmissedacallandforgottoringback.B.Youreadabookandforgetwhatitisabout.C.Youenteredtheofficeandforgotwhattoget.D.Yousawamanyearsagoandforgetwhoheisnow.9.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Allmemoriesarelinkedinthebrain.B.Memoriesareclearlyseparatedinthebrain.C.Notallthememoriescanbefoundinthebrain.D.Memoriesarestoredinparticularsectionsofthebrain.10.WhatcanweinferfromBaumann’sresearch?A.Takinganelevatorstimulatesnewmemory.B.Walkingthroughopendoorsresultsinmemoryloss.C.Asuddenchangeofthesceneboostsintelligencedevelopment.D.Anoverloadedbrainincreasesthepossibilityofdoorwayeffect.11.Whatdoestheauthorthinkof“doorwayeffect”?A.Insignificant. B.Beneficial.C.Influential. D.Damaging.【答案】8.C9.C10.D11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了门口效应（doorwayeffect）以及其产生的原因。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Haveyoueverwalkedthroughadoorandthoughttoyourself,‘WhatwasIgoingtodo?’Ifyouhave,youarenotalone.Psychologistsbelievethatwalkingthroughadoorandenteringanotherroomcreatesa‘mentalblock’inthebrain.Thisisgenerallyreferredtoasthedoorwayeffect.(你有没有穿过一扇门，心中在想：‘我是要去干什么？’如果你有，你并不孤单。心理学家认为，穿过一扇门进入另一个房间会在大脑中造成‘精神障碍’。这通常被称为门口效应)”可知，进入一个房间忘记自己要做的事情被称作门口效应。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Intheearlyyearsofbrainresearch,scientiststhoughtthathumanmemorywaslikeacloset,withmanysectionsinwhichwecouldstorelittleboxesofexperiencesfromourlives.Boxeswouldremainthereforever,andwheneverwehadtolookintothem,wecouldjustgotothatparticularsectionandfindthatboxofmemory.(在早期的大脑研究中，科学家们认为人类的记忆就像一个壁橱，有很多区域，我们可以在其中存储我们生活中的经历。盒子会永远留在那里，每当我们需要查看它们的时候，我们就可以去那个特定的区域，找到那个记忆盒子)”以及第三段中的“Beautifulasthisdescriptionofhumanmemoryformationsounds,itisnottrue.Ourbrainismuchmoreplexthanthat.Psychologicalstudiessuggestthatourmemoriesareepisodic(情节性的)ingeneral.Ifyouthinkbackonanything,you’llprobablyquicklyrealizeourmemoriesdon’tfunctionasclearnarratives.Instead,they’remoreepisodicanddividedintoparts.(这个关于人类记忆形成的描述听起来很美，但它是不真实的。我们的大脑比这复杂的多。心理学研究表明，我们的记忆通常是情节性的。如果你回想什么事情，你可能很快就会意识到我们的记忆并不是清晰的叙事。相反，它们更有情节性，被分成了多个部分)”可知，并不是所有的记忆都是可以在大脑中找到的。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Baumannalsopointsoutthatabusyandperhapsoverloadedbraindoesseemtoplaysomepartinthisphenomenon.(Baumann还指出，一个忙碌且可能超负荷的大脑似乎确实在这种现象中发挥了一些作用)”可知，超负荷的大脑会增加门口效应的可能性。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题，根据最后一段“Thegoodnewsisthatexperiencingsuchforgettableepisodesafterenteringanotherroomdoesnottellyouanythingaboutyourmemoryandintelligence.Sowhenyouenteraroomandsuddenlyforgetwhyyouarethere,youshouldnotthinkthatAlzheimer’sdiseaseiscreepinguponyou!(好消息是，在进入另一个房间后经历这种遗忘的插曲不会告诉你任何关于你的记忆力和智力的事情。所以，当你走进一个房间，突然忘记了自己为什么在那里时，你不应该认为阿尔茨海默病正在悄悄靠近你！)”可知出现门口效应并不表示记忆力或智力出现问题，没有什么影响。故选A。DAspeoplebeemoreawareoftheimportanceofecofriendlypowersources,wehavedevotedmuchtimetoinventingcreativedevices.Anewlydevelopedpaperbatterypromisestomakeabigdifferencetosingleuseelectronics.Thebatteryiscraftedfromsustainablematerials,whichnotonlystrengthensitsecofriendlinessbutalsomakesitcosteffectivetoproduce.Thisbinationofbiodegradability(可生物降解)andaffordabilitymakesitattractiveforawiderangeofapplications.Anotherstandoutfeatureofthispaperbatteryisitsflexibilityintermsofshapeandsize.Unliketraditionalbatteriesthatareavailableinfixedsizes,thispaperbatterycanbetailoredtomeetdiverserequirements.Inreality,thepaperbatteryisenoughtopoweranLCDalarmclock.“Whileitwon’tbechargingupyourputeranytimesoon,there’slotsofpotentialforlowpoweredsensors.Wepresentaprintedpaperbatterydevelopedtopowersingleusedisposableelectronicsandtoreducetheirenvironmentalimpacttothelowestlevel,”writetheresearchersintheirpublishedpaper.Thebatteryisbasedonametalairelectrochemicalcell.Madefromsodiumchloridesaltdiffused(氯化钠盐扩散的)paper,itcanmeasureaslittleasonesquarecentimeter,andisbasedonprintedinks.Allthat’sneeded,then,isasmallamountofwater,aslittleastwodrops.Thisdissolvesthesaltswithinthepaper,andthenactivatesthebatteryastheytravel.Thebatterystartsproducingpoweraround20secondsafterwaterisadded,accordingtotheexperimentscarriedoutbytheteam.Althoughtheperformancedecreasesovertimeasthepaperdriesout,itcanbetoppeduptosomeextentwithmorewater.Theresearcherssaytheywanttoimprovetheefficiencyofthebatteryinthefuture,andgetitworkingforlonger.“Witharisingawarenessoftheewasteproblemandtheemergenceofsingleuseelectronicsforapplications,thereisagrowingneedforlowenvironmentalimpactbatteries,”writetheresearchers.12.Whichisafeatureofthepaperbattery?A.Itismadefromsingleusematerials. B.Itiscostlytoputtogether.C.Itcanbeusedtochargeupyourputer. D.Itcanbeproducedindiverseshapes.13.Whatcanwelearnaboutthepaperbatteryaccordingtothetext?A.Itcanbeappliedtoanyelectronics.B.Itisabletosupplyenergytoourcellphones.C.Itspowercanberefilledbyaddingsomewater.D.Ithasreducedtheenvironmentalimpacttothelowest.14.What’sthemainideaofparagraph4?A.Whatthepaperbatteryconsistsof. B.Howthepaperbatteryworks.C.Wherethepaperbatterycanbeapplied. D.Whythepaperbatteryispopular.15.Whatismostlikelytobethefocusoffutureresearchaccordingtotheresearchers?A.Howtogetridofimpactsofsingleuseelectronics.B.Howtoimprovetheefficiencyofthepaperbattery.C.Howtoreducethedemandforsingleuseelectronics.D.Howtoraisepeople’sawarenessofewasteproblems.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新开发的纸电池。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Anotherstandoutfeatureofthispaperbatteryisitsflexibilityintermsofshapeandsize.(这种纸电池的另一个突出特点是它在形状和尺寸方面的灵活性。)”可知，这种纸电池的一种特征是它可以制作成各种形状。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Thebatterystartsproducingpoweraround20secondsafterwaterisadded,accordingtotheexperimentscarriedoutbytheteam.(根据该团队进行的实验，在加水后大约20秒，电池就开始发电了。)”可知，这种纸电池的电力可以通过加水来补充。故选C。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Thebatteryisbasedonametalairelectrochemicalcell.Madefromsodiumchloridesaltdiffusedpaper,itcanmeasureaslittleasonesquarecentimeter,andisbasedonprintedinks.Allthat’sneeded,then,isasmallamountofwater,aslittleastwodrops.Thisdissolvesthesaltswithinthepaper,andthenactivatesthebatteryastheytravel.(这种电池是基于金属空气电化学电池。它由氯化钠盐扩散纸制成，尺寸小至1平方厘米，以印刷油墨为基础。那么，所需要的只是少量的水，只有两滴。这将溶解纸中的盐，然后在它们移动时激活电池。)”可知，第四段主要讲述了纸电池是如何工作的。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Theresearcherssaytheywanttoimprovetheefficiencyofthebatteryinthefuture,andgetitworkingforlonger.(研究人员表示，他们希望在未来提高电池效率，并使其工作更长时间。)”可推知，研究人员表示，如何提高纸电池的效率最有可能是未来研究的重点。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Formanyyoungadults,whattodoafterfinishinghighschoolisaquestionthatisnoteasytoanswer.Forsometheirpathisclear,butforothersanumberofpossibilitiesliebeforethem.____16____Youarenottoosureaboutthedirectionyouwanttotakeandwouldliketoexploreyouroptions.Ormaybeyouhaveadesiretotravelandexperienceothercountriesbeforesettlingdowntofurtherstudies.____17____Whattododuringyourgapyearcanbetailoredtosuityourneeds,interestsandbudget.Let’slookatafewideasthatcanjusthelpyou!____18____Youcanbeeababysitterinyourmunityorworkonanoilfieldinanothercountry.Thiscanreallyhelpyoutogaininsightintoyourselfwhenyoudecidewhatyouarepassionateabout.____19____Choosingasportingadventureinanothercountry,eitherplayingorcoachingwillbeanamazingexperience.Inaddition,givingbacktothemunitybyvolunteeringinalocalcharityisalsohowyouwouldliketospendyourtime.Fromtheseexperiences,youwilllearnmuchmorethanjusthowtodoajob.Asidefromyourphotographs,yourmosttreasuredpossessionwillbethatnewexperienceschallengeyouandallowyoutogrow.Sowhetheryouaregoingabroadorgoingtoyourlocalmunitycenter,onethingisforcertain—agapyearisdefinitelynotjustfillingagap.____20____A.Perhapsyouareoneofthelatter.B.Whynotapplyforajoblocallyorabroad?C.Howaboutbiningsportswithlearning?D.Youcanfindhelpfulinformationonsomewebsites.E.Itisayearthatcanmakeallthedifferencetoyourfuture.FYouwilllookbackandknowthatyourgapyearhasdonethat.G.Whateveryourreasons,agapyearcanbeanenrichingandexcitingtime.【答案】16.A17.G18.B19.C20.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要对于高中毕业后做什么给出了方案。【16题详解】由上文“Forsometheirpathisclear,butforothersanumberofpossibilitiesliebeforethem.(对一些人来说，他们的道路是清晰的，但对另一些人来说，许多可能性摆在他们面前)”和下文“Youarenottoosureaboutthedirection(你不太确定你想要走的方向)”可知，“你”属于不太知道如何选择的一类人，所以属于前文中提到的“others”那一部分人，即后者。故A选项“Perhapsyouareoneofthelatter.(也许你是后者中的一员)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选A。【17题详解】从后文“Whattododuringyourgapyearcanbetailoredtosuityourneeds,interestsandbudget.Let’slookatafewideasthatcanjusthelpyou!(空档年做什么可以根据你的需求、兴趣和预算来定制。让我们来看看一些可以帮助你的想法！)”中提到的“duringyourgapyear”说明此处应将gapyear作为话题。故G选项“Whateveryourreasons,agapyearcanbeanenrichingandexcitingtime.(无论你的原因是什么，空档年都可能是一个丰富而激动人心的时刻)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选G。【18题详解】从后文“Youcanbeeababysitterinyourmunityorworkonanoilfieldinanothercountry.(你可以在你的社区做保姆，或者在另一个国家的油田工作)”可知，此处提议找工作。故B选项“Whynotapplyforajoblocallyorabroad?(为什么不在本地或国外申请工作？)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选B。【19题详解】从后文“Choosingasportingadventureinanothercountry(选择在另一个国家进行体育冒险)”可知，此处是另一个建议。故C选项“Howaboutbiningsportswithlearning?(把运动和学习结合起来怎么样？)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选C。【20题详解】根据前文“Fromtheseexperiences,youwilllearnmuchmorethanjusthowtodoajob.Asidefromyourphotographs,yourmosttreasuredpossessionwillbethatnewexperienceschallengeyouandallowyoutogrow.Sowhetheryouaregoingabroadorgoingtoyourlocalmunitycenter,onethingisforcertain—agapyearisdefinitelynotjustfillingagap.(从这些经历中，你学到的不仅仅是如何做一份工作。除了你的照片，你最珍贵的财产将是新的经历挑战你，让你成长。所以，无论你是出国还是去当地的社区中心，有一件事是肯定的——间隔年绝对不仅仅是填补空白)”可知，此句总结前文，解释gapyear的意义。故E选项“Itisayearthatcanmakeallthedifferencetoyourfuture.(回首往事，你会知道你的空档年已经做到了)”能总结前文，符合题意。故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ItneveroccurredtometothinkaboutmyfuturejobtillIenteredhighschool.IntheyearsbeforehighschoolI___21___muchonfootballandmusic.Thatwas___22___Ispentmostofmysparetime.AfterIenteredhighschool,my___23___forcivilengineering(土木工程)inspiredmetomakegreaterefforts.Ifoundmywaytocivilengineering___24___whenIreadanarticleabouttheLosAngelesearthquakein1994.ItsconsequencewassoawfulthatIwastotallyshocked.Duringtheearthquake,manybuildingsfelldown.Thedisasterledtoheavycasualties(伤亡).The___25___sentmeintothinkingabouthowthebuildingprojectscouldbesafer,andhowIcouldgetthemthatway.Fromthenon,I___26___tolearncivilengineering.___27___differentkindsofbuildingsisaformofrecreationforme.Sittingonmybicycleforhourswatchingthehousesaroundmehasmademefeelthe___28___toshapeourbuildingsintosolidones.Toachievemyambition,Imust___29___thatIcangethighgradesinallmysubjects.Inschool,Iamtrulyfondofscienceandgoodatmath.___30___,myhighschoolyearshadbeenchallenged.Mypoorwritingskillsusedto___31___mealot.Fortunately,Ihadastrongwishtoachievemydream.Itwasthedesire,which___32___metokeeppracticing,thathelpedmeoveremyshortings.Overtheyears,IhavelearnedtostickwiththingsthatIfindright___33___.Thischaracterwillstaywithmetillmyefforts___34___.That,binedwithmylongstandingcuriosityabout___35___ourworld,iswhatwillmakemeagreatcivilengineersomedaysoon.21.A.relied B.concentrated C.lived D.depended22.A.how B.when C.why D.what23.A.talent B.need C.love D.pity24.A.fortunately B.directly C.frequently D.accidentally25.A.ruins B.wastes C.pollutants D.emissions26.A.promised B.managed C.expected D.determined27.A.Designing B.pleting C.Observing D.Understanding28.A.expense B.necessity C.trend D.solution29.A.ensure B.admit C.believe D.declare30.A.Therefore B.However C.Moreover D.Thus31.A.cheat B.frighten C.bother D.hurt32.A.forced B.reminded C.restricted D.urged33.A.easily B.personally C.firmly D.naturally34.A.giveoff B.getoff C.turnoff D.payoff35.A.shaping B.highlighting C.viewing D.saving【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.A26.D27.C28.B29.A30.B31.C32.D33.C34.D35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者树立要成为工程师的目标以及他为实现目标所做的事情，告诉我们要坚持自己认为对的事情，并为达成目标而付出努力。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在上高中之前的几年里，我非常专注于足球和音乐。A.relied依靠，依赖；B.concentrated集中，聚精会神；C.lived居住，生存；D.depended依靠。根据下一句中“Ispentmostofmysparetime”可知，作者把大部分业余时间花费在足球和音乐上，故此处指“专注于足球和音乐”，concentrateon集中注意力于，专注于，故选B。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的大部分业余时间都是这样度过的。A.how如何；B.when何时；C.why为什么；D.what什么。空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺成分，结合句意可知，此处指“那就是我度过大部分业余时间的方式”，用连接副词how引导，故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：进入高中后，我对土木工程的热爱激励着我更加努力。A.talent天赋，才能；B.need需要；C.love爱；D.pity同情。根据“inspiredmetomakegreaterefforts”及下文提到作者决心学习土木工程可知，作者对土木工程的热爱激励着作者更加努力，故选C。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我读到一篇关于1994年洛杉矶地震的文章时，我意外地找到了土木工程的方向。A.fortunately幸运地；B.directly直接地；C.frequently频繁地，经常；D.accidentally意外地。根据“whenIreadanarticleabouttheLosAngelesearthquakein1994.”可知，此处指作者意外地找到了土木工程的方向，故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：废墟让我开始思考如何让建筑项目更安全，以及如何让它们更安全。A.ruins废墟；B.wastes垃圾；C.pollutants污染物；D.emissions排放物。上文“Duringtheearthquake,manybuildingsfelldown.(地震期间，许多建筑物倒塌了)”提到很多建筑在地震中倒塌，结合空后“thinkingabouthowthebuildingprojectscouldbesafer”可知，废墟让作者开始思考如何让建筑更安全，故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我决心学习土木工程。A.promised承诺，答应；B.managed设法做到；C.expected期望；D.determined决心。根据本段首句“Ifoundmywaytocivilengineering”及语境可知，本段是描述作者如何找到土木工程的方向，故此处指“从那时起，我决心学习土木工程”，故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：观察不同类型的建筑对我来说是一种娱乐。A.Designing设计；B.pleting完成，使完整；C.Observing观察；D.Understanding理解。根据下文“Sittingonmybicycleforhourswatchingthehouses”可知，作者喜欢观察不同类型的建筑，故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：坐在自行车上几个小时，看着周围的房子，让我觉得有必要把我们的建筑塑造成坚固的建筑。A.expense费用；B.necessity必要，需要；C.trend趋势；D.solution解决方案。根据“toshapeourbuildingsintosolidones”可知，此处指有必要把我们的建筑塑造成坚固的建筑，故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了实现我的抱负，我必须确保各科都能取得高分。A.ensure确保，保证；B.admit承认；C.believe相信；D.declare宣布，声明。根据“Toachievemyambition”及语境可知，为了实现抱负，作者必须确保各科成绩优异，故选A。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的高中生活受到了挑战。A.Therefore因此；B.However然而；C.Moreover而且，此外；D.Thus因此。上文提到要实现抱负就得确保成绩优异，与下文“我的高中生活受到了挑战”之间是转折关系，however符合语境，故选B。【31题详解】考