工程硕士英语考试试题

I.Vocabulary(Unit12)inwhichwegofromcausetoeffectorviceversa,thatis,wereasonfromwhatweknowtowhatwewanttofindout.

A.process B.progress

C.procession D.promotionToday’sadvertisementsaremeanttobeattractive,buttoomanyofthemmakethings____.Televisionhasbecomeanindispensablemeansofentertainmentwhichmanypeople____towhileawaytheirsparetime.

A.comeupwith B.liveupto

C.castlightonA.integral B.suitable

C.inevitable D.compatibleNoonecanfunctionproperlyiftheyare____ofadequatesleep.

A.deprived B.ripped

C.stripped D.contrivedHis____unionmembersdeclinedsincehisfailuretostrivehigherwagesforthem.

A.determinationof B.descriptionagainst

C.depressionupon D.influenceoverCurrently,people’s

A.blazed B.fueled

C.ignited D.explodedEveryday,wegrowandhavenewexperiences.Weconstantlylearnbyreading,watchingtelevision,____withotherpeople,andsoforth.

A.interrupting B.interchanging

C.interacting D.interferingMoreandmorescholars,aswellasbusinessmen,arefocusingonthequestion:whye-books____p-books

A.beatout B.beatoff

C.beatdown D.beatawayTheCEOandsomeothercompanyexecutivesarediscussinghowto____thenewproceduresintotheworkoutline.

A.intrigue B.integrate

C.interpret D.enterpriseA.underlining B.vulnerable

C.vulgar D.underlyingArecentreportbyNASArevealsthatasthestarrotatesonitsownaxis,thebeams____inspacelikesearchlightbeams.

A.sweeparound B.sweepalong

C.sweepaside D.sweepoverBritishscientistsaredevelopingarobottoworkintoxicenvironmentsthatcan____itsownpowerbyeatinganddigestingflies.

A.create B.generate

C.emit D.amplify TheAndersonshavenot____yetandIdoubtiftheywillnow.

A.shownoff B.shownup

C.shownround D.showninshowupA.Internetusersareincreasinglyturningtoe-governmentsitestocarryouttheirbusinesswithgovernment.ButInternetusersandnon-usersalikevaluehavingmorethanonewayto____withgovernment.

A.getalongwith B.getangrywith

C.getintouchwith D.gettiredofInpractice,itisalwaysthecasethatthesolutiontoaproblem____inresearch.

A.lay B.lies

C.finds D.laysTheliberalphilosophyholdsthatenduringgovernmentsmustbeaccountabletosomeonebesidethemselves;thatagovernment____onlytoitsownconscienceisnotforlongtolerable.

A.responsible B.liable

C.reliable D.inevitableII.ReadingComprehension(3passages)Passage1Largecompaniesneedawaytoreachthesavingsofthepublicatlarge.Thesameproblem,onasmallerscale,facespracticallyeverycompanytryingtodevelopnewproductsandcreatenowjobs.Therecanbelittleprospectofraisingthesortofsumsneededfromfriendsandpeopleweknow,andwhilebanksmayagreetoprovideshort-termfinance,theyaregenerallyunwillingtoprovidemoneyonapermanentbasisforlong-termprojects.Socompaniesturntothepublic,invitingpeopletolendthemmoney,ortakeashareinthebusinessinexchangeforashareinfutureprofits.ThistheydobyissuingstocksandsharesinthebusinessthroughtheStockExchange.Bydoingsotheycanputintocirculationthesavingsofindividualsandinstitutions,bothathomeandoverseas.Whenthesaverneedshismoneyback.hedoesnothavetogotothecompanywithwhomheoriginallyplacedit.Instead,hesellshissharesthroughastockbroker(证卷经纪人)tosomeothersaverwhoisseekingtoinvesthismoney.Manyoftheservicesneededbothbyindustryandbyeachofusareprovidedbythegovernmentorbylocalauthorities.Withouthospitals,roads,electricity,telephones,railways,thiscountrycouldnotfunction.Alltheserequirecontinuousspendingonnewequipmentandnewdevelopmentoftheyaretoserveusproperly,requiringmoremoneythanisraisedthroughtaxesalone.Thegovernment,localauthorities,andnationalizedindustriesthereforefrequentlyneedtoborrowmoneytofinancemajorcapitalspending,andthey,too,cometotheStockExchange.Thereishardlyamanorwomaninthiscountrywhosejoborwhosestandardoflivingdoesnotdependontheabilityofhisorheremployerstoraisemoneytofinancenewdevelopment.Inonewayoranotherthisnewmoneymustcomefromthesavingsofthecountry.TheStockExchangeexiststoprovideachannelthroughwhichthesesavingscanreachthosewhoneedfinance.Almostallcompaniesinvolvedinnewproductionanddevelopmentmust______.

A.dependonthepopulationaswholeforfinance

B.relyontheirownfinancialresources

C.persuadethebankstoprovidelong-termfinance

D.borrowlargesumsofmoneyfromfriendsandpeopletheyknowThemoneythatenablesthesecompaniestomakeprogresswiththeirprojectsis______.

A.investedindifferentcompaniesontheStockExchange

B.raisedbythesellingsofsharesinthecompanies

C.repaidtoitsoriginalownersassoonaspossible

D.exchangedforpartownershipinthe-StockExchangeWhenthesaverswanttheirmoneybackthey_______.

A.transfertheirmoneytoamoresuccessfulcompany

B.lookforotherpeopletoborrowmoneyfrom

C.puttheirsharesinthecompanybackonthemarket.

D.askanothercompanytoobtaintheirmoneyforthemAlltheimportantserviceswhichwedependonare_____.

A.unabletoprovidefortheneedsofthepopulation

B.inconstantneedforfinancialsupport.

C.runbythegovernmentorourlocalauthorities

D.financedwhollybyratesandtaxes.TheStockExchangemakesitpossibleforthegovernment,localauthoritiesandnationalizedindustries________.

A.toborrowasmuchmoneyastheycan

B.tobecertainthateverybodylendsmoneytothem

C.toraisemoneytofinancenewdevelopments

D.tomakecertaineverybodysavesmoney.Passage2Haveyoueverbeenstartledbyaloudnoiseorbysomeoneappearingsuddenlybehindyouonadarknightorbyasnakeinthegrass?Doyourememberthesudden,tightfeelinginyourchest,thewayyourheartstartedtopound,thewayyouseemedtobreathemorerapidly?Suchreactionsoccurredbecauseyouwerefrightened.Yourbrainsentasignaltothespecialgland(腺)inyourbodycalledtheadrenal(肾上旳)gland.Otherpartsofyourbodywereinvolved,too,buttheadrenalglandhasaveryspecialfunction.Theadrenalglandislocatedontopofyourkidney.Sinceyouhavetwokidneys,youalsohavetwoadrenalglands.Eachadrenalglandisdividedintotwoparts:acortex(外皮)andamedulla(髓质).Thecortexformstheoutershell;themedullaformsthecentralcore.Boththecortexandthemedullasecrete(分泌)hormones,buttheyhavedifferentfunctions.Thecortexproducesmorethanfortydifferentchemicalcompoundsandhormones.Allthesethingsareessentialtosustainlife.Themedullasecretesadrenalin(alsocalledepinephrine,thehormonethatpreparesthebodyforemergencies.Whenyouaresuddenlyfacedwithadangerousorstressfulsituation,partofyourbraininstantlysendsasignaltotheadrenalgland,andallsortsofthingsbegintohappeninyourbody.Themedullareleasesanextraamountofadrenalinintothebloodstream.Theadrenaliniscarriedrapidlythroughoutthebody,stimulatingotherglandsandsystems.Inthispassage,theauthorismainlydiscussingthefunctionof_______.

A.thehumanbrain

B.glandsandsystemsinthebody

C.thecortexoftheadrenalgland

D.themedullaoftheadrenalglandWhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Theadrenalglandislocatedontopofthekidney.

B.Eachkidneyiscomposedoftwoadrenalglands.

C.Themedullaisinsidethecortex.

D.Thecortexandthemedullahavedifferentfunctions.Itis_______thatmainlyhelpsyourespondtoadangerousorstressfulsituation.

A.thespecialfunctionoftheadrenalgland

B.asignalsentbyyourbrain

C.allstimulatedpartsofyourbody

D.AlloftheseWhatcouldbesaidabouttheadrenalin?

A.Itissecretedbythekidneysintothebloodstream.

B.Itisthehormonethatpreparesthebodyforemergencies.

C.Itistheonlyusefulhormoneproducedinthebody.

D.Itisessentialtosustainlife.Whatdoyousupposetheauthorwillgoontodiscussinthefollowingparagraphs?

A.thebrainsystem

B.functionsofthekidneys

C.reactionsofthebodytostressanddanger

D.otherhumanorgansrelatedtothekidneysPassage3Theviewoveravalleyofatinyvillagewiththatchedroofcottagesaroundachurch;adrivethroughanarrowvillagestreetlinedwiththatchedcottagesappointedpinkorwhite;thesightovertherollinghillsofprettycollectionofthatchedfarmbuildings—thesearestillcommonsightsinpartsofEngland.MostpeoplewillagreethatthethatchedroofisanessentialpartpftheattractionoftheEnglishcountryside.Thatchingissolitarycraft,whichoftenrunsinfamilies.ThecraftofthatchingasitispracticedtodayhaschangedverylittlesincetheMiddleAges.Over800full-timethatchersareemployedinEnglandandWalestoday,maintainingandrenewingtheoldroofsaswellasthatchingnewerhouses.Manypropertyownerschoosethatchnotonlyforitsbeautybutbecausetheyknowitwillkeepthemcoolinsummerandwarminwinter.Infact,ifwelookatdevelopingcountries,overhalftheworldlivesunderthatch,buttheyalldoitindifferentways.Peopleindevelopingcountriesareoftenreluctanttogobacktotraditionalmaterialsandwouldprefermodernbuildings.However,theymaylackthemoneytoallowthemtoimportthenecessarymaterials.Theirtemporarymudhutswiththatchedroofsofwildgrassesoftenonlylastsixmonths.Thatch,whichhasdonetheBritishway,lastsfromtwentytosixtyyears,andisaneffectivedefianceagainsttheheat.WhichofthefollowingremainsauniquefeatureoftheEnglishcountryside?

C.Cottageswiththatchedroofs.

D.Churcheswithcottagesaroundthem.Whatdoweknowaboutthatchingasacraft?

A.Itisacollectiveactivity.

B.ItispracticedonfarmsalloverEngland.

Thatchedhousesarestillpreferredbecauseof______.

A.theirstyleandcomfort

B.theirdurability

C.theireasymaintenance

D.theircheapandready-madematerialsPeopleindevelopingcountriesalsoliveunderthatchbecause______.

A.thatchedcottagesareabigtouristattraction

B.thatchedroofhousesarethecheapest.

C.thatchisaneffectivedefenseagainsttheheat.

D.theylikethatchedhousesbetterthanotherbuildings.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat______.

A.thatchedcottagesinEnglan