高二英语阅读理解试题及详解

高二英语阅读理解试题及详解-新闻类（1）2011-07-21来源：欢乐学习

阅读量：2817字体大小

T

|T摘要：(1)LONDON—BritainawokeonEasterMondaytoaperiodofmourningfortheQueenMother,whodiedovertheweekendafteralifespanningacenturyofnoisyandevidentchange.(1)

LONDON—BritainawokeonEasterMondaytoaperiodofmourningfortheQueenMother,whodiedovertheweekendafteralifespanningacenturyofnoisyandevidentchange.The101-year-oldroyalmatriarchdiedinhersleeplastSaturdaywithQueenElizabeth,herelderandonlysurvivingdaughter,atherbedside.Forawomanwhowasoneofthebest-knownfiguresinBritainformorethan80years—fromtheeraoftintedportraitsontinbiscuitboxesandcigarettecardstotheageoftheInternet,theQueenMotherremainedanenigmatic(不行思议的)andelusive(躲避的)figure.

Sheachievedsucharespectthroughaeons(永世,亿万年)of,first,fawningand,later,intrusivemediafascination,byremainingalmostentirelysilent.Herprivatethoughtswereneverparaded(炫耀)inpublic.Whatthepublicsawwasacharmingandbenignelderlylady,adeptatwinningtheadmirationofpressphotographers,whomshealwaysfavouredwithaparticularsmile.

CHINA’sthirdunmannedspacecraft,ShenzhouⅢ,landedsafelyincentralInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegionMondayafternoon,afterorbitingtheearth108timesinslightlylessthanaweek.Thecraft,whichliftedofffromJiuquaninGansuProvincelastMondaynight,landedaftersuccessfullyconductingachainofflightandscientificexperimentsoveraperiodof162hours.

ApowerfulearthquakejoltedTaiwan,killingfiveconstructionworkers,authorities(官方)said.Over200injurieswarereportedacrosstheisland,mostlyminor,asaresultofSunday’s7.5-magnitudequake.ThequakewascentredoffHualien,180kilometreseastofTaipei.Itstruckat2:53pmandlastedfornearlyaminute.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothenews?

A.TheQueenMotherdiedonEasterMondayalone.

B.TheQueenMotherwasanattractivepersoninherpoliticallife.

C.TheBritishpeoplefeltsorryforthedeathoftheQueenMother.

D.TheQueenMotherwassufferingalotwhenshewasdying.

2.Itcanbeinferredthat_______.

A.thecraftlandedincentralInnerMongoliaunexpectedly

B.ittookthecraftatleast2hourstoorbittheearthonce

C.theChinesescientistsdidalotofexperimentsinspace

D.Chinawassuccessfulinsendinganunmannedspacecraftintospace

3.Thethirdnewsmainlytalksaboutthe_______inTaiwan.

A.politicalmattersB.socialproblems

C.unexpecteddamageD.constructionworkers

【答案解析】

这是3篇新闻报道。第1篇是关于英国皇太后死亡的消息；第2篇是关于中国放射神舟三号无人飞船的消息；第3篇是关于台湾发生7.5级剧烈地震的消息。

1.C。推断题。皇太后死的时候有其女儿伊利莎白皇后在身边，解除A项；皇太后没有从政，解除B项；皇太后是在睡觉的时候死去的，D项也解除。所以答案选C。

2.D。推断题。从第3段的几个关键词safely…successful可知A项错误；B项内容在文中没有提及，可解除；而神舟三号为无人飞船，故不会有科学家在太空中做试验，可解除C；既然神舟三号无人飞船已平安着陆，那确定是已胜利放射了。

3.C。主旨题。既然台湾发生了地震，那当然是没有预料到的灾难。A、B、D三项内容离题太远。

(2)

June26,2000—theHumanGenome(基因组)Project,agreat$3billion,15-yeartaskaimedatdrawingthegenetic(遗传的)mapofhumans,isnowmorethan90percentcompleted.Thescientificandmedicalcommunities(团体)areveryexcitedaboutthechancesgeneticresearchprovidesforgettingridofdiseasesandprolonging(延长)humanlife.Butthosecommunitiesandpolicy(政策)makersalsoarecarefulaboutthescientificdoortheyareopeningastheprojectuncoversthemysteriesoflife.

Forthelastfewyears,thegeneticadvancesinthedevelopingfieldofbiotechnology(生物技术)haveprovidesmaterialforallkindsofwork,butthedevelopmentsofmodernscienceinunlockingthesecretsofthehumangeneticcode(密码)haveopenedaworldofpossibilitiesforhumanhealth,aswellasforthepopularimagination.

WhileEuropeanandJapaneseresearchersaremakingrapidprogressindecoding(解码)humanDNA,theleadingorganizationforgeneticresearchisintheUnitedStates,whichbeganin1990,is“unlockingthecode”ofthehumanbodytolearnhowtodefeatfatal(致命的)diseases.Already,theHumanGenomeProjecthasbecomewidelyknownandpraisedforfindingthegenes(基因)connectedwithterriblediseasesasyet(迄今),andmakingprogresstowardseparatingthegenesthatshowasignofbreastcancerorAIDS.

Oncethesegenesarefoundandstudied,researcherscandevelopnewwaystoattackinfections(传染),andgeneticdiseases.Medicalcompaniesareveryinterestedinmappingthehumangenome,astheyexpecttodevelopalotofnewdrugsfortheseillnesses.

1.Whydidthescientistsworkhardatmappingthehumangenome?

A.Becausethehumangenomecandestroymanyillnesses.

B.Becausethehumangenome'scompletioncanhelpthemgetridofmanydiseases.

C.Becausetheywantedtobebetterknownthanothers.

D.Becausethehumangenomecanprovidealotofchancesofwork.

2.Whichcountrystudiedthegenesmostrapidlyintheworld?

A.Japan.B.Germany.C.TheUnitedStates.D.China.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Ifthegenescanbefound,scientistscanstudymanynewwaystocureillnesses.

B.Thescientistshavemadegreatprogressinconnectingthegeneswiththecancers.

C.Manymedicalcompaniesshowgreatinterestindrawingthehumangenomemap.

D.TheUnitedStatesbegantheGenesStudyearlyinthe19thcentury.

4.TheauthorsuggeststhattheHumanGenomeProjectcancause_______.

A.thepolicymakerstofeelveryworriedandcareful

B.thescientiststoworkharder

C.manypeopletofindworkeasily

D.alotofcompaniestoproducemanynewdrugs

5.Themainideaofthisarticleisabout_______.

A.unlockinggeneticcode

B.thegenes'discovery

C.thegreathumangenome

D.thegenesandthescientists

【答案解析】

绘制人类基因组图，这将意味着人类歼灭癌症、艾滋病的危害，延长人类寿命将成为现实。

1.B。语义理解题。从文章最终一段第1句话Oncethesegenesarefoundandstudied,researcherscandevelopnewwaystoattackinfections(传染),andgeneticdiseases可以看出科学家们完成人类基因组图的目的。

2.C。细微环节题。因为…theleadingorganizationforgeneticresearchisintheUnitedStates,所以答案选C。

3.D。推断题。美国是在1990年，即20世纪末起先绘制人类基因组图的，所以选项D不对。

4.B。推断题。从文章内容可知，人类基因组图的完成将有助于科学家们攻克一系列难关。所以，他们在更努力地探究。

5.A。主旨题。综合文章内容，不难概括出本文主旨：解读基因密码。

(3)

ThespaceshuttleColumbiaflaredandbrokeupintheskiesoverTexasonSaturday,February1,2003,killingthesevenastronautsonboardinwhatNASAandPresidentBushcalledatragedyfortheentirenation.NASAlaunchedaninvestigationintothedisasterandbegansearchingfortheastronauts'remains.Itsaidthatalthoughtherehadbeensomedatafailuresitwastooearlytonaildownaprecisecause.Thebreak-up,16minutesbeforetheshuttlewasduetolandatKennedySpaceCenterinFlorida,spreadpossiblytoxicdebris(有毒的残骸)overawideswathofTexasandneighboringstates.

Dramatictelevisionimagesoftheshuttle'sdescentclearlyshowedseveralwhitetrails(痕迹)streakingthroughblueskiesaftertheshuttlesuddenlyfellapart.Itwasalmost17yearstothedaythattheChallengershuttleexplodedonJan.28,1986,killingallsevenastronautsonboard.

Take-offandre-entryintoEarth'satmospherearethemostdangerouspartsofaspacemission.In42yearsofUS'humanspaceflight,therehadneverbeenanaccidentinthedescenttoEarthorlanding.Challengerexplodedjustaftertake-off.

Rescueteamsscrambledtosearchfortheremainsofthecrew,whichincludedthefirstIsraelitoflyontheshuttle,formercombatpilotCol.IlanRamon.Therewerewarningsthatpartsofavast120-mile-longcorridorofdebriscouldbetoxicbecauseofpoisonousrocketpropellant(推动器).

"Wearenotreadytoconfirmthatwehavefoundanyhumanremains,"NacogdochesCountySheriffThomasKerrssaid.Headdedthatamongtheroughly1,000callsreportingdebris,somepeoplesaidtheyfoundremainsofcrewmembers.

"TheColumbiaislost.Therearenosurvivors,…Theirmissionwasalmostcompleteandwelostthemsoclosetohome.…America'sspaceprogramwillgoon,"saidagrim-facedBushinamessagebroadcastontelevision,whichincludedcondolencestothefamiliesofthedeadastronauts.

1.Theword“descent”inthepassagemeans________.

A.takingoffB.landingC.orbitingD.walkingdown

2.WhichistrueoftheIsraeliastronautIlanRamon?

A.HewasthefirstIsraeliastronauttoflyontheshuttle.

B.HewasthefirstforeignastronauttoflyontheAmericanshuttle.

C.Heusedtobeapassengerplanepilot.

D.HewastheonlysurvivorintheColumbiadisaster.

3.TheColumbiadisasterandtheChallengerdisasterweresimilarinthat_______