读后续写-2023-2024学年高二英语下学期期中复习查缺补漏冲刺满分（外研版2019）（原卷版）

专题04读后续写1．（22-23高二下·浙江宁波·期中）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ItwasabrightMayafternoonalongtheMarylandcoast,andJonathanBauer,51,anexpertdoctoratahospital,andhis13-year-olddaughter,Avawereweredrivingwiththewindowsdownastheyheadedhomeonthe1.4-mile-long,two-laneRoute90bridge,whichstretchesacrosstheshallowwatersofAssa-womanBay.Suddenly,thecalmwasdisturbedbythesquealoftires.Notfaraheadofthem,ablackpickuptruckwasslidingfromonelanetotheother.TotheBauers’horror,itranintoaconcretebarrier,turnedovertheSUVdirectlyaheadofthem,andcametoresthangingovertherailing(栏杆)ofthebridge.Bauerhitthebrakesintimetoavoidthevehiclesinhispath.“Ava,areyouOK?”heaskedafterstoppingthecar.Shewasshaken,butotherwiseunhurt.Andthenascream.Itcamefromthepickup,whichhadcometorestonitsrightside.Thebackpassengercompartment(车厢)andtruckbedhungoutpasttheguardrail,30ormorefeetabovethewatersofthebay.Thedriver’sdoorthrewopenandamanclimbedout.Hedroppedtotheground,andthenrantotherailing.Bauerranupbesidehim.Themanpointeddown,sayingsomethinginSpanish.Inthewaterwasacarseat.Bobbing(颠簸)nexttoitwasagirl,abouttwoyearsold,pinkdotteddress,brownhair,browneyes,terrified,floatingonherback,kickingandsplashingandscreaming.Fromaroundthetruck,morescreamingcamefromitsotherpassengerswhohadgottenoffthetruckandwerelookingdownintothewater.Thesituationquicklywentfrombadtofrighteningwhenthebabygirlrolledoverontoherstomach.Bauerwaitedforthepickupdrivertodosomething,buthedidn’tmove.Maybehewasinshock.“Ava!”Bauershouted,bendingtoremovehisshoes.“Staybythecar!”注意：1.续写次数为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。Paragraph1:Heclimbedontotherailingandjumpedintothewaterwithouthesitation.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Hereyesopenednow,focusedonhim,andhecouldhearambulancecomingthisway.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．（22-23高二下·辽宁大连·期中）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Thesoundofglassbreakingwasimmediatelyrecognizable.IhadbeentellingmybestfriendasillystoryandhadspunaroundinthelivingroomwhenIheardthatsoundandfroze.WhenIlookeddownattherug(地毯),itwascoveredwithtinyshards(碎片)ofsparkingred,pinkandclearglass.Missisaid,“Oh,no,notthevase.”“Why?WhatdidIdo?”Myfacereddened.“Abby,thatglassvasewasoneofthefewitemsmyrelativesbroughtwhentheycametoAmerica,”Missirepliednervously.“Ifyou’dbrokenanythingelseinthedepartment,IwouldhavegladlysaidIdidit.Butyou’regoingtohavetotellmymomthatitwasyourfault,andshe’sgoingtobereallymad.”Iwasterrified.I’ddestroyedapricelessfamilyheirloom(传家宝).WhydidIhavetospinaroundlikethat?Wegatheredupthebrokenpieces.Ikeptsayingthatmaybeitcouldbefixed,butMissisaiditdidn’tlookpossible.Iinsistedwekeepthepieces.Theglasswassodelicate,likeacolorfullightbulbhadexploded.Someofitbrokeevenmoreaswetriedtosweepitupcarefully.Missisaidhermomwouldbehomebysix.Mystomachwasinknots.Wouldhermomyellatmeorpunishme?WouldshetellmethatIcouldn’tstayintheirdepartmentfortheweekend?Althoughitwashotthen,Iwasinacoldsweatandcouldn’tstopplayingthesceneoverinmymind.TheonlythingIcouldthinkoftosaywas“I’msorry”.Acoupleofminutesaftersix,weheardakeyturninthedoor.Missi’smomwashome.Rightfromthestart,wecouldseeshewasinagoodmood.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“Oh,thankyou!Ialwayshatedthatuglyvase!You’vedonemeahugefavor!”Missi’smomscreamedwithdelight.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．（22-23高二下·辽宁·期中）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。83-year-oldAgathaStoneswasawomanwhohadgivenbirthtofourkids.Whenthesekidsgrewup,theyallmovedawayfromhometostarttheirownlives.AllofAgatha’skidshadbecomemostlyinterestedinmaterialthingsbutignoredtheimportanceoffamily.“Businesshasbeenalot,mom,”theeldest,Brian,wouldsay.Sally,JohnandMarywereintheirlate30sandhadyettosettledown.IthurtAgathathatnoneofherfourkidsrememberedtovisitherorevencallher.Oneday,shewascomplainingaboutittoherfriendSharon.“Ijustdon’tunderstandwhythesekidsdon’twanttoreturnhometospendtimewithme,”shesaid.“Isthatwhatiseatingyou?”herfriendasked.“Yes,itis,”Agathasaid.“Mylawyerhasaskedmetowritemywill(遗嘱).IhavenoideahowI’llsharethelittleIhaveamongallfourofmykids.”“Iknowwhatyoucandotodeterminethat,”Sharonproudlysaid.Andthen,sheofferedAgathaashockingplan.Acoupleofdayslater,apieceofnewscame:Agathasuddenlyfellillandwashospitalized.Despitethat,noneofherfourkidsvisitedher.Afewmoredayslater,allfourchildrenreceivedamessagestatingthattheirmomhadpassedaway.Withinhours,theyallarrivedhometodiscusshowtheywouldsharetheinheritance(遗产).Suddenly,avoicecutthroughthediscussion.“Willyouguysgiveallthatarestandfocusonwhathasbroughtusalltogether?Thedeathofourmother!”theyoungestdaughter,Mary,shouted.Therewasabriefpauseatheroutburst,butassoonasthesilencewasbrokenbyaphonebuzzing,theywenton.Unknowntothem,Sharonwaslisteninginontheirconversationand,afterafewminutes,shewalkedintotheroom,andtoldthemtoenteranotherroomtosaytheirfinalgoodbyestotheirmother.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。WhenBrianenteredtheroom,hewasterriblyshocked.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“ButIbelieveinyouall,soIhopethatthishastaughtyoualesson,”shecontinued.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．（22-23高二下·江苏南京·期中）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。“Whydoyouwanttobeateacher?”Ineverexplainitwithouttheusualobviousreasons,suchasmyloveofchildrenorwantingtomakeadifference.ItwasnotuntilImetKathythatItrulyknewthereasonIwantedtobeateacher.Iwasrunningasummerprogram.Aseventhgrader,ayounggirlwalkedthroughthedoorandIthoughttomyself,“Thisisgoingtobealongsummer.”Shewasastudentatmyschool,andIwaswellawareofwhoshewaseventhoughIwasaneighthteacher.Herreservedplaceintheprincipalofficewaswellknownbytheeightteachersaswepreparedoursalesforthosestudentswhoweregoingtoneedextraattention.Irackedmybrain(绞尽脑汁)tryingtofigureoutwhatIwasgoingtodowithher.Iusuallyhadmyolderstudentsactasclassroomhelpersfortheyoungergrades,soIdecidedthatthiswouldbeagoodspotforher.LittledidIknowhowthatonelittledecisionwouldchangemylife.Kathytransformedbeforemyeyes.Sheshowedloveandpatiencewiththechildreninthatclassroom.Shewasresponsibleandcaringandshebeganreferringtothosestudentsas“herkids”.Iwitnessedanaturalteacherblooming.IhadanunforgettablesummerwithKathy.SoontheschoolyearbeganandKathyandIweretogetheragain.ThistimeIwasherteacher.Kathycontinuedtovolunteerwith“herkids”atmyafter-schoolprogram.Hersmilewasinfectiousandhersenseofhumoramazing.Beforegraduation,Kathythankedeverypersonthereforbelievinginherandgivingherachance.Shewastrulygrateful.Therewasnotadryeyeonthescene.WecontinuedtokeepintouchwhenKathywenttohighschoolandthenuniversity.Onceshesentalettertome,thankingmeagain,forgivingherachanceandbelievinginher.Shealsostatedthatshehadmadeherfinaldecisionandshewasgoingtobeateacher!Idon’tknowIcouldhavefeltmorepridethanIdidatthatmoment.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。Severalyearslater,IcameacrossKathywhileshoppingoneafternoon.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________NowwhenIthinkaboutwhyIbecameateacherIthinkofKathy.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．（22-23高二下·辽宁鞍山·期中）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。FourteenStepsTheysayacathasninelives,andIthinkthatpossiblesinceIamnowlivingmythirdlifeandI’mnotevenacat.Myfirstlifebeganonaclear,colddayinNovember,1904,whenIarrivedasthesixthofeightchildrenofapoorfarmingfamily.Thoughstrugglingtomakealiving,Istartedmyownfamily.ThiswaswhenIstartedtoenjoymyfirstlife,happy,inexcellenthealthandIbecametwolovelygirls.Lifewasapleasantdream.Thenthedreamendedandbecameoneofthosehorriblenightmaresthatcauseyoutowakeinacoldsweatinthemiddleofthenight.Ibegantosufferfromararediseaseofnerves,affectingfirstmyrightarmandleg,andthenmyotherside.Thusbeganmysecondlife...Despitemydisease,Istilldrovetoandfromworkeachday.AndImanagedtokeephealthyandoptimistic,toadegree,becauseof14steps.Crazy?Notatall.Ourhomehas14stepsleadingupfromthegaragetothekitchendoor.Herehobbled(跛行)adesperatecripple(瘸子),amanwhoheldonbecauseof14miserablestepsleadinguptothebackdoorfromhisgarage.Thenonadarknight,Ibeganmythirdlife.ItwasrainingwhenIstartedfromhomethatnightanddroveononeoftheless-traveledroads.Suddenlyoneofthetiresburstwithabang.Ifoughtthecartoastop.ThenIrememberedthatashortdistanceupalittlesideroadwasahouse.IdroveslowlyalonguntilIcametothehouse.LightedwindowswelcomedmeasIpulledintothedriveway.Thedooropenedandalittlegirlstoodthere.ItoldherthatIhadaflattireandneededsomeonetochangeitformebecauseIhadacrutch(拐杖)andcouldn’tdoitmyself.Shewentintothehouseandamomentlatercameout,followedbyamanwhocalledacheerfulgreeting.Isattherecomfortableanddry.Therainseemedtobeeasingabitnow,andIrolleddownthewindowtowatch.注意：1.续写的词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式作答。Therefollowedalongintervalofnoises,butfinallyitwasdone.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Hedidn’ttakethebillandthelittlegirlsteppedcloserandsaidquietly,“Grandpacan’tseeit.”________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6．（22-23高二下·湖北·期中）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。IwillneverforgetwhathappenedwhenIwasattheageof10.ItwasoneweekbeforeChildren’sDay.Iwaslookingforwardtomygifts.GiventhefactthatIwastheyoungestinmyfamily,theothermemberswouldliketogivemeadifferentgift.Whateverthegiftwas,Iwasalwaysmorethangladtoacceptthem.Undoubtedly,Iwasbeingtakencareof.Naturally,itwasfeelingsogood.Inmostcases,myuncleswouldaskmesmilinglywhatIdesiredbeforeChildren’sDayandthatyearIwaseagerlywaitingtobeasked.Whatabeautifulspaceshipitwas!ThatflashedacrossmyeyeswhenIopenedabiggiftbox.However,itgreetedmeagainstmyexpectationthatyear.ItwasexactlyoneweekbeforeChildren’sDay.Justoneweek,shecouldhardlywait.Mydearmothertoldmyfathershe,myfuture-to-belittlesister,wouldcometotheworld.Immediately,wewenttothehospital.Afteranhour,theytoldmethatIhadthelittlesister.Ididn’twantherbutIwantedaspaceship.Thedaysthatfollowedwentsofast.Noonewastakingcareofme.Everyonewastalkingabouther.Mylifewouldgooffthebeatentrack.Ihadnointentionofbeingabigbrother.Butitjusthappenedinaninstant.OnthedaybeforeChildren’sDay,everyoneinmyhomewaspayingcloserandcloserattentiontomynewbornsister.Myfamilywasbecominghers.Evenmyunclesaskedmenothingaboutthegiftagain.ShestoleeverythingI’deverhad.Mylifeandpresentswerecompletelyspoiled.Onthinkingofthis,Icouldn’thelpcryinginthemiddlenightsleep.Suddenly,Ihadanightmareandwasstartled(吓一跳)awake.Shadowsbeingallaroundme,Iwasdefenselessandhelpless.Irushedintomyparents’bedroombuttheyweresleepingsosoundlythatIcouldn’twakethemup.Theywerejuststressedoutandwornout.Standingneartheirbed,ItriednottocrywhenIsawher.Shewaswideawake,lookingatmewithherbigeyestwinklinginhersmallbed.注意：1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Allofasudden,aslimshadowdancedinthebedroom,startlingher.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Havingcomfortedher,Ifeltsomechangeslowlyhappenedtome.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7．（22-23高二下·湖北·期中）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。“I’msorry,Lisa,butDebbieandIaregoingtomovebackintothehouse.You’regoingtohavetofindanotherplacetolive.”Icouldn’tbelievewhatNeil,mylandlord(房东),wastellingmeonthatwarmAprilnight.Ihadtearsinmyeyes,andsodidhe.IhadlivedinhisStatenIslandhouseformorethantwelveyears.Neilhadneverraisedmyrent,whichwas$750amonth,verycheapforNewYorkCity.ThiswasabigcomfortwhenIwaslaidofffrommynewspaperjobandcouldn’tfindanyworkfortwoyears.HepromisedmethatIwouldalwayshaveahome,evenifIhadahardtimepayingtherent.Butnow,Iwasgoingtohavetofindanewapartmentandpaymore.Althoughhegavemesixmonthstofindanewplace,Iwasstillastonishedandworried.SoIcalledJon,mybestfriend,tocomplainaboutmybadexperience.ButJonsurprisedandannoyedme.“Lookonthebrightside.”hesaid.“Maybeyouwillfindaplaceyoulikebetter.Doyourememberyoucomplainedallthetimeaboutthecrowdedbustoandfromthehouse?Whydon’tyoufindaplacewhereyoudon’thavetotakethatbus?”“Howcanyousaythat?”Ishoutedathim.“Thisiswayoutofmycomfortzone!”“Comeon,Lisa.Diditeveroccurtoyouthatchangecouldbegood?”Jonsaid.“No!”Iscreamedandhunguponhim.Ifeltupsetforthenextfewdaysaboutourargument.ButwhatifJonwasright?WhydidIassumethateverychangewouldbebad?Maybemylifeneededtobeshakenup.Thatsummer,asIstartedlookingforapartments,Ibegantothinkaboutnewpossibilities.MaybeIcouldfindanapartmentwithbetterfurniture.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Finally,thatOctober,Ispottedtheapartmentofmydreamsinanewhomeinaniceneighborhood.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Astimewenton,Ifoundmyselfdoingmorethingsoutofmycomfortzoneandfeelingmorepositiveaboutlife.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8．（22-23高二下·山东德州·期中）阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使其构成一篇完整的短文。TwoTicketstotheBigGameTwotickets.Onlytwoticketstothebigquarterfinalsbasketballgame.ThreepairsofeyesallfocusedontheticketsinDad’soutstretchedhand.Marcus,theoldest,spokethequestionrunningthrougheveryone’smind,“Onlytwotickets?But,Dad,whichofusgetstogowithyou?”“Yeah,Daddy,whogetstogo?”repeatedCaleb,theyoungest.“Dad,can’tyougetanymoretickets?”Iasked.Imightbethein-betweensister,butIwasjustaseagerasmybasketball-crazybrotherswereforanightoutwithDad.“I’mafraidnot,”Dadanswered.“Mr.Williamsonlyhastwoseasontickets.HewasthoughtfulenoughtooffertheticketstoSaturday’sgametomewhenhefoundouthe’dbeoutoftownthisweekend.”Dadscratchedhishead.“IguessI’llhavetofigureoutafairwayofchoosingbetweenthethreeofyoubytomorrowmorning.I’llhavetodecidewhodeservesitmost.Letmesleeponit—okay,guysandgirls?”headdedquicklybeforeIcouldcorrecthim.Thenextmorning,wehurriedintothekitchen,onlytofindanotenexttoourbreakfast,whichread,“MomandIgotopickupsomebooksfromthelibrary.AllofyougetstartedontheSaturdaychoresassoonasyoufinishbreakfast.”“Chores!He’sgottobekidding.”Marcussaidashesetdownhisglassofmilkwithathud(砰的一声).“Howcanweconcentrateonchoreswhenthebiggameisamereelevenhoursaway?”“Waitforme!”Calebadded,slurpingthelastofhismilkanddashingafterhisbrother.Afewminuteslater,asIwaswashingoffthekitchencountertops,Iheardthefamiliar“thump…thump…thump”ofthebasketballbouncingoffofthedriveway.Frustrated,Iknockedonthewindowthreetimes.Whentheboyslookedup,Imeaningfullyheldupakitchenspongeanddishtowel.Marcuscasuallynoddedtomeandheldupfivefingers.Sure,fivemoreminutes!IshookmyheadfromsidetosideasIbegantoreplacethelid(盖子)onthegarbagecontainer.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按下列格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Suddenlyawhiteenvelopeontheinsideofthelidcaughtmyattention._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ThateveningturnedouttobeasspecialasI’dimagined.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9．（22-23高二下·江西·期中）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。PublicplaceshavebeendifficultformyfamilysinceMyleswasdiagnosedwithautism(自闭症)attwo.Hehadquicklyturnedintoasilentchildfrozeninaworldcompletelyinaccessibletous.Onetime,IgotupthecouragetotakeMylesouttoGoldenCorralwithoutmyhusband.Lotsofpeopleandnoisecausedoverloadforhim.Firstcamethescreaming,andthenmorenoises.Withmynervesstretchedthin,Inoticedasweetoldladycomingmyway.“Canyoukeephimquiet?”shesnapped.“I’mtryingtoeat!”Iheldmytongueoutofrespectformyelders.IapologizedandleftwithasmuchdignityasIcould.Ihadtoescapetheweightoftheeyesaround.Afterthat,Ibuiltawallaroundmyhearttoprotectmyheartfromotherpeople’sopinionsaboutmyfamily.Istillhadthegreatprivilegeofraisingthisveryspecialchild.Itdidn’tmatterwhatanyonethought,butIhadlostsomething.Istoppedlookingfortheopportunitytohelpthemunderstand.Iassumedtheworstaboutthem.SowhenIwasbackatGoldenCorralwithmyson,whostartedshoutingandhittingthetableagain,Ilookedupatthemiddle-agedwomanapproaching.Herfacewascalmassheassessedthesituation.Ifshecomplainedaboutmyson’sbehavior,Iwaspreparedtofightback.“Ihopeyoudon’tmindmeasking,”shesaid.“Butdoesyoursonhaveautism?”“Yeah,”Irepliedtothelady,whowaswaitingpatiently.“Well,Iraisedachildwithautism.MynameisPam,”shesaid.“Ifyoueverneedanyhelp,pleasecallme.Ihaveconnectionwithalotofpeoplelikeyouandme.”Ilookedatthehandssheextended,holdingaslipofpaperwithhernameandnumberonit.“Thankyou,”Imanagedtowhisper.“Callme,”shesaid,smilingatme,andsavingaspecial,knowingsmileforMylesbeforewalkingaway.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。LaterIcalledher,andshebecameascloseasfamily.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ofcourse,therearemomentswhenwesimplyfelthopeless.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10．（22-23高二下·山东菏泽·期中）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Ilovedigginginthebackgarden.Sometimes,I’ddigforpotteryandstuff,butI’vealwayswantedtofindafossil(化石).Ilikefindingoutaboutthepast.Atschool,myfavouritesubjectishistory.I’vebeenwatchingAndy’sPrehistoricAdventuressinceIwasthree.IknewIhadagoodchanceoffindingafossil,becausemyhousewasbuiltonamuddy,limestonesubstrate(石灰岩基质),inWalsall,whichmeansmillionsofyearsago,mygardenwasn’tmygardenatall—itwasacoralreef(珊瑚礁).On22March,itwasasunnyday.Icamebackfromschool.IaskedDadifIcoulddiginmyfavouritespotbytheyellowbushnearourhouse,wherewehadplantedpotatoesandonions,buthetoldmenotto,becausehe’djustmovedatreethereanditwasestablishingroots.Iwenttothebackgardeninstead,takingDad’soldbrownwoodengardentools.Idugabighole,aboutafootdeep,whichdidn’ttakeverylong,whereIfoundaballofmudwithsomethingpointystickingoutthetop.Iranintothekitchenscreaming.Iwassoexcited.Iknewitwasafossil.Atfirst,Ithoughtitmightbeadeer’stoothoragoat’sclaw.WhenDadwashedthemudoff,wesawthatithadlotsofbumpy,wavylines;weboththoughtitlookedlikeoneoftheseaanemones,fromthefishtankinhisoffice,butwithahorn(触角).DadsentavideototheFossilFindsUKFacebookgroup.Amancallinghimselfanarchaeologist(考古学家)repliedsayingithadthemarkingsofahorncoralfromthePalaeozoicera,whichi