山东省济南市枣庄市2022-2023学年高二年级下册期中英语 含解析

2022—2023学年下学期高二期中学情检测

英语试题

本试卷共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。

注意事项:

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改

动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在

本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第I卷选择题

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅

读一遍。

1.Whenwillthewomanhandinherpaper?

A.NextMonday.B.NextWednesday.C.NextWednesday.

2.WhatistheweatherliketomoiTOw?

A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Cloudy.

3.Whichcityisthemangoingtofinally?

A.Rome.B.Milan.C.Venice.

4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

A.Husbandandwife.B.PoliceanddriverC.Doctorandpatient.

5.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman?

A.Wasteful.B.Careless.C.Lazy.

第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完

后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.WhatistheBlueShark?

A.Awaterpark.B.Arestaurant.C.Aseafoodmarket.

7.WhatwillCaroldolater?

A.Havelunch.B.Havesupper.C.Visitrelatives.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.Whereisthebranchoffice?

A.InSpain.B.InJapax.C.InAmerica.

9.Whohastherichestworkingexperience?

A.Bell.B.Shelly.C.Jack.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.Whydoesthemanmakeaphonecall?

A.Tocancelanappointment.B.Toaskforsomemedicine,C.Toinvitethewomento

movies.

11.Whenwillthemanmeetthewoman?

A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.

12Whatwillthemandenext?

A.Haveagoodrest.B.Drinkhatwater.C.Seethedoctor.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.Whatisthewomandoing?

A.She'shostingaprogram.B.She'schairingameeting.C.She'sintroducingaculture.

14.HowdoesHigginsexplain"CulturalShock”?

A.Bytellingstories.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byaskingquestions.

15.WhatwillsurpriseChinesestudents?

A.Beingchallengedinclass.

B.Hearingteachers'namecalled.

C.Questioningclassmatesinpublic.

16.WhatdoesHigginsthinkof''CulturalShock,,?

A.Common.B.Unusual.C.Surprising.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?

A.AnexhibitionB.Differentclubs.C.Varioussports.

18.Whatisspecialaboutsocialclubs?

A.Membersoftengatherforfun,

B.Theyprovideabarformembers.

C.Membershavethesamebackground.

19.Whichclubcoststhehighest?

AGolfclub.B.Tennisclub.C.Cyclingclub.

20.Whatactivitydoworkingmen'sclubsoffer?

A.Photographyclass.B.Naturalhistorylecture.C.Variousentertainment.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

World'sBestPlacestoVisit

Withaworldfulloffascinatingdestinations,choosingtheperfectvacationspotcanpresentachallenge.Use

theserecommendationstocraftyourtravellist.

SouthIsland

NewZealand'sSouthIslandfillswithimpressivelandscapesateveryturn,fromdramaticmountainstogrand

channels.Here,youcanadmirethemountainsofFiordlandNationalPark,aUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,from

hikingtrailsoraboatonMilfordSound.Besides,journeytotheUniversityofCanterbury'sMountJohn

Observatorytostareupatthestarryskiesatnight.

Paris

ThemagneticCityofLightdrawsvisitorsfromaroundtheglobewhocometoseeiconicattractionslikethe

EiffelTower,theLouvreandtheArcdeTriomphe.Butwhattravelersreallyfallinlovewitharethecity'sold-

fashionedcafes,dynamicmarkets,andtrendyshoppingdistricts.Getlostwanderingalongthecharming

cobblestonestreets,orrelaxonthebanksoftheSeineforhours.

Maui

Whetheryou'redrivingalongtheRoadtoHana,enjoyingabird's-eyeviewofMaui'slongcoastlinefroma

helicopter,divingwithseaturtlesorsimplyrelaxingonwhiteorblacksandbeaches,you'llfindthatthisHawaiian

islandisunlikeanyothertropical（热带的）destination.Youshouldalsoattendafeastforlocalcultureandataste

ofHawaiianspecialtieslikepoi,pokeandmahimahi.

BoraBora

Here,you'llfindcharmingbeaches,thickjunglesandluxuriousresorts.Theisland'sextinctvolcano,Mount

Oteinanu,makesforagreatphotoopportunityorchallenginghike,andthefriendlyBoraBoralocalscanhelpyou

catchtheisland'sbestsights,lbrelax,headtoMatiraBeachforclearwaterandsoftwhitesand.Althoughatripto

BoraBoraisveryexpensive,mosttravelerssayifswortheverypenny.

1.Whichplacewillbepreferredbyastronomyfans?

A.Paris.B.Maui.C.BoraBora.D.SouthIsland.

2.WhatcanvisitorsdoatMaui?

A.Enjoylocalfood.B.Drivealongthecoastline.

C.Gohikingaroundtheisland.D.Walkthroughshoppingdistricts.

3.WhatdoweknowaboutBoraBora?

A.Mostofitslocalsserveasguides.B.Itisabeachwithfantasticscenery.

C.Therearehikingtrailsinthejungles.D.Itisappealingdespitethecostlytrip.

【答案】l.D2.A3.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个世界上最好的旅游胜地。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据SouthIsland中uBesides,journeytotheUniversityofCanterbury'sMountJohnObservatory

tostareupatthestarryskiesatnighl.（此外，您还可以前往坎特伯雷大学的约翰山天文台，在夜晚凝视星

空）”可知,天文爱好者更喜欢SouthIsland。故选D。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据Maui中“YoushouldalsoattendafeastforlocalcultureandatasteofHawaiianspecialties

likepoi,pokeandmahimahi.（你还应该参加当地文化盛宴，品尝夏威夷特色美食，如印度芋泥、poke和

mahimahi）”可知，游客在毛伊岛可以享受当地食物。故选A。

3题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段uAlthoughatriptoBoraBoraisveryexpensive,mosttravelerssayit'sworth

everypenny.（虽然去波拉波拉岛旅行很贵，但大多数旅行者说这是物有所值的）”可知，尽管路途昂贵，但

BoraBora很吸引人。故选D。

B

WilliamDunnisthefounderofTakeaKidFishing,Inc,anonprofitorganizationinLakeland,Florida,which

teachespoorandfatherlesskidsthroughthesportoffishing.

Adozenyearsago,inspiredbyhissix-year-oldfatherlessneighbor,Camran,whogotangryandshoutedat

hismom,WilliamaskedCamran'smomforpermissiontotakeCamranfishing.Camranwas“hooked“fromthat

firsttrip.Thetwofishedtogetherseveraltimesaweek,andWilliamsawpositivechangesinCamran'sbehavior.

"That'swhenIrealizedthatIhadthedutytohelpfatherlesskids,“hesays.

Onweekends,Williamandafewothervolunteerstake20to25kidsoutfishingonarentalboat,whichwas

supportedbythecaptainoftheDoubleEagle.Manyhaveneverbeenfishingorevenonaboat,soWilliam—or

BigWill,asthekidscallhim-startsbyteachingthebasics.Thencomethelifelessonsthatfishingoffers:

patience,teamworkandthesimplejoyofrelaxingintheoutdoors.TakeaKidFishing,Inc.hastakenmorethan

600fishingtripswithalmost2,000kidswhodon'thaveafatherintheirlives.

Hewantstosharehisloveoffishingwithkidswhodon'thaveafathertotakethem."Ijustwanttoshow

themthatIcareaboutthem,thatI'mthereforthem,,,hesays.Becausemanykidsgoonmultipletrips,Williamis

abletobuildrelationshipswiththem.HeandCamran,now20,stillregularlyfishtogether,andCamranseesBig

Willasafatherfigure.

TakeaKidFishing,Inc.,hasahugeimpact,butitstartedbecauseWilliamwantedtohelponekid.Doyou

knowachildwhomightbenefitfromyourfriendship?Introducethemtofishingoranotherhobbyyouenjoy.You

canmakeagreatdifferencetotheirlife.

4.WhatinspiredWilliamDunntofoundTakeaKidFishing,Inc.?

A.Kids'passionforfishing.B.Positivechangesofafatherlessneighbor.

C.Unfortunateexperiencesoffatherlesskids.D.Behaviorofothervolunteerstohelpfatherlesskids.

5.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?

A.Manykidsexpectedfishingexperiences.B.Fewkidsparticipatedinthefishingtrips.

C.Theorganizationtaughtmorethanbasicskills.D.Thefishingboatwasofferedbyothervolunteers.

6.WedoweknowaboutWilliamDunnfromthetext?

A.Heisanexperiencedcaptain.B.Hethinkscompanymattersinkids'lives.

C.Hehadanunhappychildhoodasafatherlesskid.D.Hewantedtoraisemoneyforthefatherlesskids.

7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.FishingChangesFatherlessKids'LifeB.FriendshipHasaGreatImpactonKids

C.FishingOffersKidstheJoyofRelaxingD.TheLoveofFishingBondsFamilyTogether

【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了WilliamDunn创立非营利组织“带孩子钓鱼公司”，该组织

通过钓鱼运动教育贫困和无父的孩子。文章还介绍了创立背后的原因以及“带孩子钓鱼公司”的影响

力。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Adozenyearsago,inspiredbyhissix-year-oldfatherlessneighbor,Camran,who

gotangryandshoutedathismom,WilliamaskedCamran'smomforpermissiontotakeCamranfishing.Cam

ranwas“hooked“fromthatfirsttrip.Thetwofishedtogetherseveraltimesaweek,andWilliamsawpositive

changesinCamran'sbehavior."That'swhenIrealizedthatIhadthedutytohelpfatherlesskids,“hesays.（十几

年前，他6岁的没有父亲的邻居卡姆兰对妈妈发脾气，威廉受到启发，请求卡姆兰的妈妈允许他带卡姆

兰去钓鱼。卡姆•兰从第一次旅行开始就“上瘾”了。两人每周一起钓鱼几次，威廉看到了卡姆兰行为

上的积极变化。“那时我意识到我有责任帮助那些没有父亲的孩子，"他说）”可知，一个没有父亲的邻

居的积极变化启发威廉•邓恩创立了“带孩子钓鱼公司”。故选B。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段“Thencomethelifelessonsthatfishingoffers:patience,teamworkandthesimple

joyofrelaxingintheoutdoors』然后是钓鱼带给我们的人生教训：耐心、团队合作以及在户外放松的简单乐

趣）”可推知，该组织教授的不仅仅是基本技能。故选C。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"IjustwanttoshowthemthatIcareaboutthem,thatI'mthereforthem（我只是

想让他们知道，我关心他们，我会在他们身边）”可知，威廉•邓恩认为陪伴在孩子的生活中很重要。故

选B。

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段uWilliamDunnisthefounderofTakeaKidFishing,Inc,anonprofitorganizationin

Lakeland,Florida,whichteachespoorandfatherlesskidsthroughthesportoffishing.（威廉•邓恩是佛罗里达州

莱克兰的非营利组织“带孩子钓鱼公司”的创始人，该组织通过钓鱼运动教育贫困和无父的孩子）”结合

文章还介绍了创立背后的原因以及“带孩子钓鱼公司”的影响力。可知，A选项“钓鱼改变了没有父亲

的孩子的生活”最符合文章标题。故选A。

C

Inspiredbyseacucumbers,engineershavedesignedtinyrobotsthatrapidlyshiftbetweenliquidandsolid

states.Ontopofbeingabletoshape-shift,therobotsaremagneticandcanconductelectricity.Theresearchersput

therobotsthroughanobstaclecourseofmobilityandshape-changingtestsinastudy.

Wheretraditionalrobotsarehard-bodiedandstiff,"sofF'robotshavetheoppositeproblem;theyareflexible

butweak,andtheirmovementsaredifficulttocontrol."Givingrobotstheabilitytoswitchbetweenliquidand

solidstatesequipsthemwithmorefunctionality,saysChengfengPan,anengineeratTheChineseUniversityof

HongKongwholedthestudy.

Theteamcreatedthenewshape-shiftingmaterialbyputtingmagneticparticles（磁，性粒子）inametal.

ResearcherstestedthemateriaFsmobilityandstrengthinavarietyofcontexts.Withtheaidofamagneticfield,

therobotsjumpedovergaps,climbedwalls,andevensplitinhalftocooperativelymoveother1objectsaround

beforecombiningitselftogether.

“Now,we'repushingthismaterialsysteminmorepracticalwaystosolvesomeveryspecificmedicaland

engineeringproblems,“saysPan,Onthebiomedicalside,theteamusedtherobotstoremoveaforeignobject

fromamodelstomachandtodeliverdrugson-demandintothesamestomach.

“Futureworkshouldfurtherexplorehowtheserobotscouldbeusedwithinabiomedicalcontext,“saysPan.

“Whatwe'reshowingarejustone-offdemonstrations,proofsofconcept,butmuchmorestudywillberequiredto

findhowthiscouldactuallybeusedfbrdrugdeliveryorfbrremovingforeignobjects.^^

8.Whatistheadvantageofthenewrobot?

A.Itiseasytocontrol.B.Itismoreintelligent.

CItchangesstatesflexibly.D.Itadaptstosurroundingsquickly.

9.Whatmakesthemovementoftherobotpossible?

A.Thestrengthofthemetal.B.Thevarietyofthecontexts.

C.Theliquidstateofthematerial.D.Thepresenceofthemagneticfield.

10.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph4?

A.Toexplainthetheory,ofthesystem.

B.Tofindsolutionstotechnicalproblems.

C.Toshowtheapplicationofthenewrobot.

D.Toillustrateimprovementinbiomedicalfield.

11.WhatmightChengfengPanagree?

A.Furtherstudyontherobotisneeded.

B.Theconceptoftherobotneedstobeproven.

C.Drugdeliverycanbestrengthenedbyrobots.

D.Themedicalworldwillbegreatlychanged.

【答案】8.C9.D10.C11.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新机器人的优势以及需要对机器人进行进一步的研究。受海参的

启发，工程师们设计出了能在液态和固态之间快速转换的微型机器人。除了能够变形外，这些机器人还具

有磁性，可以导电。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“Inspiredbyseacucumbers,engineershavedesignedtinyrobotsthatrapidlyshift

betweenliquidandsolidstates.（受海参的启发，工程师们设计出了能在液态和固态之间快速转换的微型机

器人。）”可知，这种新机器人的优点是它可以灵活地改变状态。故选C。

【9题详解】

名山节理解题。根据第——段中“Ontopofbeingabletoshape-shift,therobotsaremagneticandcanconduct

electricity.Theresearchersputtherobotsthroughanobstaclecourseofmobilityandshape-changingtestsina

study.（除了能够变形外，这些机器人还具有磁性，可以导电。在一项研究中，研究人员让机器人通过了

移动障碍和形状变化测试。）”可知，磁场的存在使机器人的运动成为可能。故选D。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段“'Now,we'repushingthismaterialsysteminmorepracticalwaystosolvesomevery

specificmedicalandengineeringproblems,'saysPan,Onthebiomedicalside,theteamusedtherobotstoremove

aforeignobjectfromamodelstomachandtodeliverdrugson-demandintothesamestomach.（“现在，我们正

在以更实际的方式推动这种材料系统，以解决一些非常具体的医学和工程问题，”潘说。在生物医学方面，

该团队使用机器人从模型胃中移除异物，并按需将药物输送到同一胃中。）”可知，第四段的目的是“展示

新型机器人的应用。”故选C。

[11题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中“"Futureworkshouldfurtherexplorehowtheserobotscouldbeusedwithina

biomedicalcontext」saysPan.（未来的工作应该进一步探索这些机器人如何在生物医学环境中使用，'

潘说。）"，可知，潘成峰可能会同意A项“需要对机器人进行进一步的研究。”故选A。

D

Reachingouttosupportapersonwhenthey'reunderstressisalwaysagoodidea.Infact,anewstudy

suggeststhatsupportcouldbeespeciallyimportantforsomeonewhosegeneticqualitymakesthemmorelikelyto

developdepression.Thestudyshowstheimportanceofsocialsupporttobuffertheriskrofdevelopingdepression

symptomsingeneral.

Thestudyusesdatafromtwoverydifferentgroupsofpeopleunderstress:newdoctorsinthemostintense

yearoftraining,andolderadultswhosebelovedonesrecentlydied.Thefindingshowsgreatestimpactofsocial

supportinthosewithhighestriskscoresfordepression.

Comparedtoothergroupsofindividualsinthestudywhohadlowdepressionriskscores,thedoctorsand

widowswithhigherriskscoreshadhigherratesofdepressionaftertheylostsocialsupport,butalsohadlower

ratesofdepressionwhentheygainedsocialsupportduringstressfultimes.

Sen,whoisthedirectoroftheEisenbergFamilyDepressionCenteraddsthatevenasgeneticresearchreveals

moreoftheDNAvariation（变异）relatedtodepressionvulnerability,learninghowthatvariationleadsto

depressioniscrucial."Furtherunderstandingthedifferentgeneticmapsassociatedwithsensitivitytolossofsocial

support,lackofsleep,excessiveworkstressandotherriskfactorscouldhelpusdeveloppersonalizedguidance

fordepressionprevention,hesaid."Inthemeantime,thesefindingsreaffirmhowimportantsocialconnections,

socialsupportandindividualsensitivitytothesocialenvironmentareasfactorsinwell-beingandpreventing

depression.^^

Besides,thedatausedinthestudyisbasedonpeopleofEuropeanorigin,whichlimitstheabilityto

generalizethefindingstopeopleofotherbackgrounds.Sennotedthatadditionalworkisbeingdonetocollect

scoresbasedondepression-relatedgeneticcharacteristicsinotherpopulationsincludingpeopleofEastAsianand

Africanblood.

12.Whatdoesthenewstudyfind?

A.Depressioncanbepassedonamonggenerations.

B.Oneisgeneticqualityisrelatedtodepression.

C.Socialsupportcanreducegeneticdepressionrisk.

D.Peoplewithoutsupporttend.tofeeldepressed.

13.Howdotheresearcherscarryoutthestudy?

A.Bycollectingdata.B.Bygivingexamples.

C.Bystudyingpapers.D.Bydoingexperiments.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerability“meaninParagraph4?

A.Tendency.B.Weakness.C.Awareness.D.Reduction.

15.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A.DepressionwillleadtoDNAvariation.

B.Geneticmapscanguideustowell-being.

C.Furtherdataaretobecollectedforthestudy.

D.Individualsensitivityisagreatdepressionrisk.

【答案】12.C13.A14.A15.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。当一个人处于压力之下时，伸出援助之手总是一个好主意。事实上，一项新

的研究表明，对于那些遗传品质使他们更容易患抑郁症的人来说，支持可能尤其重要。这项研究显示了社

会支持在缓解抑郁症状风险方面的重要性。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“Infact,anewstudysuggeststhatsupportcouldbeespeciallyimportantfor

someonewhosegeneticqualitymakesthemmorelikelytodevelopdepression.（事实上，一项新的研究表明，

对于那些遗传品质使他们更容易患抑郁症的人来说，支持可能尤其重要。）”可知，新的研究发现“社会

支持可以降低遗传性抑郁症的风险。”故选C。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thestudyusesdatafromtwoverydifferentgroupsofpeopleunderstress:new

doctorsinthemostintenseyearoftraining,andolderadultswhosebelovedonesrecentlydied.（这项研究使

用了两组截然不同的压力人群的数据:一组是刚接受了最紧张训练的新医生，另一组是亲人最近去世的老

年人。）”可知，研究者通过收集数据来完成研究.故选A。

【14题详解】

词义猜测题。根据划线词后半句"learninghowthatvariationleadstodepressioniscrucial.（了解这种变异是

如何导致抑郁的至关重要。）"和"evenasgeneticresearchrevealsmoreoftheDNAvariation（变异）related

todepressionvulnerability,可知,基因研究揭示了更多与抑郁趋向性相关的DNA变异可知，划线词的意思

是“趋势，倾向性”。故选A。

【15题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段uBesides,thedatausedinthestudyisbasedonpeopleofEuropeanorigin,which

limitstheabilitytogeneralizethefindingstopeopleofotherbackgrounds.Sennotedthatadditionalworkisbeing

donetocollectscoresbasedondepression-relatedgeneticcharacteristicsinotherpopulationsincludingpeopleof

EastAsianandAfricanblood.（此外，研究中使用的数据是基于欧洲血统的人，这限制了将研究结果推广

到其他背景的人的能力。Sen指出，在东亚和非洲血统的其他人群中，正在进行其他工作，以收集与抑郁

症相关的遗传特征的分数。）”可知，这项研究还需要收集更多的数据。故选C。

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

Risingparentalexpectationsandcriticismarelinkedtoanincreaseinperfectionismamongcollegestudents.

16Theymayincludedepression,anxietyandself-harm.

17Priorresearchhasshownthatperfectionistsbecomemoreneurotic（神经质的）andlesscareful

astheygetolder.Perfectionismalsocanpassthroughgenerations,withperfectionistparentsraisingperfectionist

children.

Threetypesofperfectionismwereincreasingamongyoungpeople.Self-orientedperfectionisminvolves

perfectioniststandardsabouttheself.18Thatistosay,someoneexpectsotherstobeperfection.Socially

prescribedperfectionismistheperceptionthatotherpeopleandsocietyrequireperfection.Thethreetypesof

perfectionisminteractandevenworsentheeffectsofeachotherinnegativeways.

Parentalexpectationshadalargerimpactthanparentalcriticismonself-orientedandother-oriented

perfectionism.19Parentalexpectationshaveahighcostwhenthey'reperceivedasexcessive.Young

peopletakeinthoseexpectationsanddependonthemfortheirself-esteem.Andwhentheyfailtomeetthem,

they'llbecriticalofthemselvesfornotmatchingup.Tocompensate,theystrivetobeperfect.

Parentscanhelptheirchildrennavigatesocietalpressuresinahealthywaybyteachingthemthatfailure,or

imperfection,isanormalandnaturalpartoflife.Anothermethodistofocusonlearninganddevelopment,nottest

scoresorsocialmediatohelpchildrendevelophealthyself-esteem.20

A.Perfectionismoftenbecomesalifelongcharacter.

B.Soparentalexpectationsmaybemoredamaging.

C.Itcanhavedamagingmentalhealthconsequences.

D.Self-respectisimportanttoteenagers9development.

E.Other-orientedtypeisperfectionismturnedoutward.

F.Thesewayscanbeeffectivetocopewithperfectionism.

G.Theoldertheyare,themorelikelytheywillbeperfectionists.

【答案】16.C17.A18.E19.B20.F

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了完美主义对心理健康造成破坏性的影响以及应对措施。

【16题详解】

下文"Theymayincludedepression,anxietyandself-harm.（可能包括抑郁、焦虑和自残）”都是心理健康中

的不良表现，选项C“它会对心理健康造成破坏性的影响。”说明完美主义对心理健康造成破坏性的影

响。故选C项。

【17题详解】

下文“Priorresearchhasshownthatperfectionistsbecomemoreneurotic（神经质的）andlesscarefulastheyget

older.（先前的研究表明，完美主义者随着年龄的增长会变得更神经质，更不小心）”介绍了完美主义的特

点，选项A“完美主义往往成为一种终生的性格。”引导本段，概括完美主义的特点。故选A项。

【18题详解】

上文uSelf-orientedperfectionisminvolvesperfectioniststandardsabouttheself.（自我导向型完美主义包括对

自我的完美主义标准）”介绍自我导向型完美主义，选项E“他人导向型是外显完美主义。”承接上文，

介绍另一种完美主义——他人导向型完美主义。故选E项。

【19题详解】

上文“Parentalexpectationshadalargerimpactthanparentalcriticismonself-orientedandother-oriented

perfectionism.（父母期望对自我导向型和他人导向型完美主义的影响大于父母批评）”说明父母的期望对完

美主义的影响比父母批评还要严重，选项B“所以父母的期望可能更具破坏性。”和上文存在因果关

系，因为父母期望影响很大，所以可能更具破坏性。故选B项。

[20题详解】

上文aParentscanhelptheirchildrennavigatesocietalpressuresinahealthywaybyteachingthemthatfailure,

orimperfection,isanormalandnaturalpartoflife.Anothermethodistofocusonlearninganddevelopment,not

testscoresorsocialmediatohelpchildrendevelophealthyself-esteem.（父母可以通过教育孩子失败或不完美

是生活中正常和自然的一部分来帮助他们以一种健康的方式应对社会压力。另一种方法是关注学习和发

展，而不是考试成绩或社交媒体，以帮助孩子培养健康的自尊）”介绍了对应完美主义的方法，选项

F“这些方法可以有效应对完美主义。”对上述方法做出总结。故选F项。

第三部分语言运用（共四节，满分55分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Onceayoungmanwasaskedtopaintaboatofawealthyman.Theyoungmangotsomeredpaintand

brushesandbegantopainttheboat,as21bytheowner.Whilepainting,hediscoveredatinyholeinthe

ship'sbodyandquietly22it.

After23ofthepainting,theyoungmanreceivedthemoneyforthepaintjobandleft.24Jhe

boat'sownershowedupatthepainter'shousethenextdaywitha25check,fargreaterthanthepainting

payment.

Sothisiswhathappened.Theownerforgotto26theholewhenheaskedtheyoungmantopaintthe

boat.Whentheyoungmanwasdonewiththepaint,theowner'skidstooktheboatandwentonafishingtriponce

thepainthad27.Theownerwasnotthereatthattime.Whenhereturnedanddiscoveredthathis

childrenhadtakentheboat,hewas28becauseherememberedithadahole.Hetriedtocontactthem

severaltimesbutcouldn't29them.

Imaginetheowner's30whenhesawthemreturnfromtheirfishingtrip.Afterthat,he

carefully31theboatanddiscoveredthattheyoungmanhadrepairedthehole.Theyoung

man32hischildren'slives!

Youmayhaverepairedmany"boatholes^^onyourwayevenwithout33howmanylivesyoumay

have34.Butthesmallestactofkindnessand35maybeworthmoretoothers.So,begrateful

andkeepbeingkindandthoughtful.

21.A.appliedB.requestedC.beggedD.repeated

22.A.coveredB.brushedC.fixedD.restored

23.A.completionB.preparationC.evaluationD.management

24.A.StillB.MoreoverC.HoweverD.Even

25.A.substantialB.remarkableC.significantD.meaningful

26.A.notice.B.introduceC.recognizeD.mention

27.A.runoutB.driedoutC.carriedoutD.checkedout

28.A.sadB.curiousC.anxiousD.content

29.A.findB.locateC.touchD.reach

30.A.regretB.shameC.satisfactionD.delight

31.A.searchedB.analyzedC.examinedD.explored

32.A.helpedB.protectedC.preventedD.spared

33.A.realizingB.understandingC.acceptingD.counting

34.A.impressedB.movedC.impactedD.encountered

35.A.thoughtfulnessB.attentionC.concentrationD.mindfulness

【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.C25.A26.D27.B28.C29.D30.D31.

C32.B33.A34.C35.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个年轻人在给船主刷油漆的时候，随手补好了船上的洞，

却意外救了船主孩子的生命。告诉我们最小的善意和体贴的行为可能对别人更有价值。所以，要心存感

激，保持善良和体贴。

[21题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：年轻人拿了一些红颜料和刷子，按照船主的要求开始给船涂漆。A.applied应

用；B.requested要求；C.begged恳求；D.repeated重复。根据后文“bytheowner”指年轻人按照船主的

要求开始给船涂漆。故选B。

[22题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：在画画的时候，他发现船体上有一个小洞，就悄悄地把它修好了。A.covered

覆盖;B.brushed刷；C.fixed修理；D.restored修复。根据后文"theyoungmanhadrepairedthehole”可

知，年轻人修好了船上的洞。故选C。

【23