山东省青岛市城阳区2023-2024学年高二上学期2月期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省青岛市城阳区2023-2024学年高二上学期2月期末英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whichpartofthehousehasbeenrepaired?A．Thewalls.B．Theroof.C．Thedoors.2．What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Classmates.B．Teacherandstudent.C．Librarianandstudent.3．Whattimeisit?A．9:10.B．9:00.C．8:50.4．Whatproblemdocsthewomanhave?A．Shecan’treadmessages.B．Shecan’tfallasleepatnight.C．Sheisaddictedtoherphone.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Theirage.B．Theman’shairstyle.C．Thewoman’scolleagues.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Ataschool.B．Atashop.C．Athome.7．Whatwilltheboydonext?A．Checkhisbike.B．Buyapen.C．Reviewhisnotes.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Whywasthemansurprisedbythemeal?A．Itwasveryhot.B．Ittastedverygood.C．Itwasveryexpensive.9．HowmanytimeshasthewomanbeentoItaly?A．One.B．Two.C．Six.10．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A．BooktraveltoItaly.B．Gotoabarforadrink.C．GotoanItalianrestaurant.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．Wherearethespeakersgoingnow?A．Toahotel.B．Toapark.C．Toamuseum.12．Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers?A．Theyarelocals.B．Theyaretourists.C．Theyareonabusinesstrip.13．Howdoesthewomanfeel?A．Tired.B．Upset.C．Hungry.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14．Whywasthenewpieceoffurnituresocheap?A．Itwasverydirty.B．Allthelegswereweak.C．Thebackhadasmallproblem.15．Whatcoloristheoldsofa?A．Green.B．White.C．Yellow.16．Whatdoesthemansayaboutthewoman?A．Sheisnotveryneat.B．Shedoesn’tlikethecolorwhite.C．Sheoftenfindsthingsatdiscountedprices.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．Whatisthepurposeoftheexperiment?A．Tocontroldisease.B．Tokillmalemosquitoes.C．Tolearnmoreaboutanewmosquito.18．Whatweretheenvironmentalgroupsworriedabout?A．Toomanymosquitoeswoulddie.B．Mosquitoesmightstarttoresistchemicals.C．Newchemicalswouldharmtheenvironment.19．Whatisknownaboutmosquitoes?A．Onlyfemalesspreaddisease.B．Themalesneedhumanblood.C．Thefemalesfeedonlyonplants.20．Whatcouldbenefitmostfromitiftheexperimentissuccessful?A．Theenvironment.B．Theeconomy.C．Humanhealth.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（15个小题；每题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFourbestscenicpathsnearLondonGoringGapandtheThamesPathLength:5milesStart:Goring&StreatleystationEnd:PangbourneThispathisfarfromboringforaruralwalk.Thefootpathfollowsthecurveoftheriverasitflowssouth,windingpastwildflowergrassland,andtheHartslockNatureReserve,whichishometoredkitesandrareorchids.Post-walkpub:TheSwanservesthesedays.Orderatableorkeepwarmbyoneofitsopenfires.BoxHillLength:6.8milesStartandend:WesthumblestationAdmirethegloriousviewsandescapethecrowds.Butfirstyou’vegottoclimb272stepstothetopofBoxHill.Theendorphinsaredefinitelypumping—maybethat’showitgotthenickname“HappyValley”.Post-walkpub:ThespaciousTreeonBoxHillhasanenticingmenuandhugebeergarden.TheKentishCoastLength:9.8milesStart:RamsgateEnd:MargateFollowingthepath,you’llpassplentyofformersmugglers’(走私者)cavesandtherearebeachsidecafesdottedalongtherouteatregularintervals.Post-walkpub:OrderapintofbeeratXylo,apubwithwonderfulviewsoverMargateSands.ChessValleyintheChilternsLength:9.9milesStart:ChorleywoodstationEnd:CheshamstationItisn’thometoanychessmasters,butitdidusedtoproducenlotofwatercress,fedbyitssparklingchalkstream.Thiswalkfollowstheriver,whosebankiscoveredwiththerollinggrassandwoods.Post-walkpub:TheGeorge&Dragonisanoldcoachinginnwithalogfireandrealbeer.1.Whichpathisacircularroute?A.GoringGapandtheThamesPath. B.BoxHill.C.TheKentishCoast. D.ChessValleyintheChilterns.2.WhatdoGoringGapandtheThamesPathandChessValleyintheChilternshaveincommon?A.Theyservebeerallthetime. B.Theyincludedifferentanimals.C.Theyprovideriverscenery. D.Theyareofthesamelength.3.WhatcanyouexperienceinTheKentishCoast?A.Drinkcoffeeattheseaside. B.RelaxyourselfinTheSwan.C.Learnfromfamouschessmasters. D.Meetsmugglersalongtheway.〖答案〗1.B2.C3.A【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦附近四条风景优美的小路。【1题详析】细节理解题。由文章BoxHill部分中“Startandend:Westhumblestation(起点和终点：Westhumble站)”可知，BoxHill是环形路线。故选B。【2题详析】推理判断题。由文章GoringGapandtheThamesPath部分中“Thefootpathfollowsthecurveoftheriverasitflowssouth,windingpastwildflowergrassland,andtheHartslockNatureReserve,whichishometoredkitesandrareorchids.(这条小路沿着蜿蜒的河流向南流动，蜿蜒经过野花草原和哈特洛克自然保护区，那里是红风筝和稀有兰花的故乡)”和ChessValleyintheChilterns部分中“Thiswalkfollowstheriver,whosebankiscoveredwiththerollinggrassandwoods.(这条小路沿河而行，河岸长满了起伏的草和树林)”可知，二者都提供了河流景观。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。由文章TheKentishCoast部分中“Followingthepath,you’llpassplentyofformersmugglers’(走私者)cavesandtherearebeachsidecafesdottedalongtherouteatregularintervals.(沿着这条路走下去，你会经过很多以前的走私者洞穴，沿途每隔一段时间就会有一些海滨咖啡馆)”可知，在这条路线上，人们可以在海边喝咖啡。故选A。BAnimpressiveinventionmadebya17-year-oldteenager,calledAnnaDu,ishelpingtocleanupsmallpiecesofplasticfromtheocean.WhilewalkingalongherlocalbeachesinMassachusetts,theyoungstudentbegancollectingwasteplasticbagsandbottles.Butwhatshenoticedwasalargenumberoftinypiecesofplasticormicroplasticsthatwereimpossibletopickup.Atjust12yearsold,Dusetouttosolvetheproblem.Aftertestingafewprototypes(原型)inherbackyard,sheinventedaremotelyoperatedvehiclethatusestheinfraredcamera(红外摄像机)todetectmicroplasticsontheoceanfloor.Morerecently,Duhasalsocreatedasimulation(模拟)modelthatusesartificialintelligencetopredictwheremicroplasticsarelocated.Du’srobotinventionhasearnedherawardsattopsciencefairsintheUS,andshe’snowanationallyrecognizedadvocateformicroplasticawarenessandpollutionprevention.“WhenIfirststarteddoingsciencefairs,Ihadnoideathatayounggirlwithoutlotsofmoneyandjustalittleadvancedengineeringknowledgecouldmakeadifferenceintheworld.I’velearnedthatItrulyloveworkingonaproblemthat’ssomuchlargerthanme,”Dusaid.Duhasalsoreleasedanewbooktohelpspreadthewordnotonlyaboutthedangersofmicroplasticsbutalsoaboutthewaystorelievetheproblem.TitledMicroplastics&Me,thebookfollowsDu’sownstoryofhowshewentfromworryingabouttheenvironmenttodesigningaward-winningsolutions.Writingforkidsherownage,theyounggirlalertsherreaderstothethreatofmicroplasticpollutionandurgesthemtocareabouttheenvironment.Thebookhopestoencourageyoungstudentstogetintoscience,technology,engineeringandmath(STEM)subjectsandtoinspireanewgenerationofinventorsandengineers.What’smore,Duhasevenraisedmorethan$7,000todistributethebookfreetokidsandlibrariesinhigh-needcommunities.4.WhatinspiredDutomaketheinvention?A.Therewastoomuchrubbishalongthebeaches. B.Theplasticsweretoosmalltocollectbyhand.C.Theseawaspollutedseriously. D.ShewasinterestedinAI.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutDufromparagraph3?A.Shehasaspiritofchallenge. B.Sheistoopoortomakeadifference.C.Shedoesn’tstudyhardinengineering. D.Shewinsinternationalrecognition.6.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Innovation. B.Voice. C.Culture. D.Art.7.WhydoesDuwritethebookMicroplastics&Me?A.Toinspirereaderstosharetheirstories.B.Toraisetheawarenessofmicroplasticspollution.C.ToencouragehighschoolstoofferSTEMsubjects.D.Tocollectmoneyforkidsinhigh-needcommunities.〖答案〗4.B5.A6.A7.B【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文，介绍了女孩发明了能帮助清理海洋中小塑料碎片的机器人，并写书提高人们对微塑料污染的认识，激励新一代的发明家和工程师。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“WhilewalkingalongherlocalbeachesinMassachusetts,theyoungstudentbegancollectingwasteplasticbagsandbottles.Butwhatshenoticedwasalargenumberoftinypiecesofplasticormicroplasticsthatwereimpossibletopickup.Atjust12yearsold,Dusetouttosolvetheproblem.Aftertestingafewprototypes(原型)inherbackyard,sheinventedaremotelyoperatedvehiclethatusestheinfraredcamera(红外摄像机)todetectmicroplasticsontheoceanfloor.(在马萨诸塞州当地的海滩上散步时，这位年轻的学生开始收集废弃塑料袋和塑料瓶。但她注意到的是，大量的塑料或微塑料碎片无法捡起来。年仅12岁的杜开始着手解决这个问题。在后院测试了几个原型后，她发明了一种远程操作的车辆，使用红外摄像机探测海底的微塑料)”可知，Du在海滩散步时，发现有些塑料太小，无法捡起来，这启发了她进行发明创造。故选B项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段““WhenIfirststarteddoingsciencefairs,Ihadnoideathatayounggirlwithoutlotsofmoneyandjustalittleadvancedengineeringknowledgecouldmakeadifferenceintheworld.I’velearnedthatItrulyloveworkingonaproblemthat’ssomuchlargerthanme,”Dusaid.(杜说：“当我第一次开始参加科学博览会时，我不知道一个没有很多钱，只有一点高级工程知识的年轻女孩可以改变世界。我认识到，我真的很喜欢研究一个比我大得多的问题。”)”可推知，Du是一个有挑战精神的人。故选A项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Animpressiveinventionmadebya17-year-oldteenager,calledAnnaDu,ishelpingtocleanupsmallpiecesofplasticfromtheocean.(17岁的安娜·杜(AnnaDu)发明了一项令人印象深刻的发明，帮助清理海洋中的小塑料碎片)”及全文内容可知，本文介绍了女孩安娜·杜一项帮助清理海洋中小塑料碎片的发明，因此，可以在报纸中“创新”一部分找到该文章。故选A项。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Duhasalsoreleasedanewbooktohelpspreadthewordnotonlyaboutthedangersofmicroplasticsbutalsoaboutthewaystorelievetheproblem.(杜还出版了一本新书，不仅宣传微塑料的危害，还宣传缓解这一问题的方法)”及“Writingforkidsherownage,theyounggirlalertsherreaderstothethreatofmicroplasticpollutionandurgesthemtocareabouttheenvironment.Thebookhopestoencourageyoungstudentstogetintoscience,technology,engineeringandmath(STEM)subjectsandtoinspireanewgenerationofinventorsandengineers.(这个小女孩写给同龄的孩子们，她提醒读者注意微塑料污染的威胁，并敦促他们关心环境。这本书希望鼓励年轻学生进入科学、技术、工程和数学（STEM）学科，并激励新一代的发明家和工程师)”可知，Du写书是为了提高人们对微塑料污染的认识。故选B项。CLaunchedin2004bythen-HarvardUniversitystudentMarkZuckerberg,Facebookbecamethebiggestsocialmediaplatformintheworldjustfiveyearslater.ItwasyoungpeoplewhohelpedFacebookinitiallyshoottosuccess,buttoday’syouththinkthat“Facebookisforoldpeople”,reportedtheDailyStar.In2015,asurveyfoundthat71percentofteensaged13to17usedFacebook.Butin2022,thatnumberdroppedto32percent,reportedNBCNews.AlexTani,a25-year-oldfromtheUK,saidthatwhenhestarteduniversityin2016,histutorsalwayssetupstudentgroupsonFacebooktohelpeveryonestayintouchandinteract.Butbythetimehisyoungerbrotherwenttouniversitythreeyearslater,thiswasn’tthecase.Today’syoungergenerationpreferstouseothersocialplatforms,suchasInstagram,aphotoandvideo-sharingsocialnetworkingservicealsoownedbyFacebook’sparentcompanyMeta,andTikTok,ownedbyChinesecompanyByteDance,saidNBCNews.ThesetwoplatformsaredifferentfromFacebookinthattheyaremainlyimage-basedandvideo-based,nottext-based.Visualcultureisarisingtrendandyoungpeoplehavegrowntiredofreadingpeople’sremarksonFacebook,saidForbes.AnotherreasonforFacebook’sdeclineinpopularityisAI.AccordingtoTheGuardian,TikTok’s“mostpowerfultool”isitsalgorithm(算法)whichpredictswhatcontentyouwanttosee.Itsharesrelatedcontentwithyoufrompeopleyoumaynotfollowbasedonwhatyou’vewatchedbefore.Thissavespeopletheeffortofsearchingforwhattheylike,andsobecomesan“escapeforthem”,saidNorthCarolinaStateUniversity.Goingforward,FacebookplanstouseAIinasimilarwayasTikToktoshowshortvideosandgiveusersabetterplatformtodiscussvideocontent,saidFortuneMedia.Onlytimewilltellwhetheritcanstay“young”orremainasaplatformusedonlyby“oldpeople”.8.WhydoestheauthormentionAlex’sexperience?A.Tocomparedifferencesbetweenthebrothers． B.ToshowFacebookislosingitsadvantage.C.ToillustratehowFacebookworks. D.ToemphasizetheimportanceofFacebook.9.Whatfeatureofsocialplatformsattractsyoungpeoplemost?A.Protectingprivacy. B.Beingtext-based.C.Providingvisualenjoyment. D.Beingabundantinremarks.10.WhichwordcanbestdescribethefutureofFacebookaccordingtotheauthor?A.Misty. B.Predictable. C.Promising. D.Depressing.11.What’sthebesttitleofthispassage?A.FacebookStrugglesfortheFavoroftheYouth B.Facebook:TheBiggestSocialMediaPlatformC.TikTokBecomesaFavoriteOnlineDestination D.AI:APowerfulToolinSocialMediaPlatforms〖答案〗8.B9.C10.A11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了Facebook从2004年由哈佛大学生马克·扎克伯格创立，迅速成为全球最大的社交媒体平台的发展历程以及如今面临的不受年轻人欢迎的困境。【8题详析】推理判断题。文章第二段段首“In2015,asurveyfoundthat71percentofteensaged13to17usedFacebook.Butin2022,thatnumberdroppedto32percent,reportedNBCNews.

(2015年，一项调查发现，13岁至17岁的青少年中有71%使用Facebook。但据NBC新闻报道，到2022年，这一数字降至32%。)”指出，调查发现13岁至17岁的青少年中使用Facebook人数比例从2015年的71%下降到2022年的32%；下文“AlexTani,a25-year-oldfromtheUK,saidthatwhenhestarteduniversityin2016,histutorsalwayssetupstudentgroupsonFacebooktohelpeveryonestayintouchandinteract.Butbythetimehisyoungerbrotherwenttouniversitythreeyearslater,thiswasn’tthecase.(25岁的英国人AlexTani说，当他2016年开始上大学时，他的导师总是在Facebook上建立学生群，帮助每个人保持联系和互动。但三年后，当他的弟弟上大学时，情况并非如此。)”中，作者运用AlexTani的经历举例来表明Facebook正在失去其优势。故选B。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Today’syoungergenerationpreferstouseothersocialplatforms,suchasInstagram,aphotoandvideo-sharingsocialnetworkingservicealsoownedbyFacebook’sparentcompanyMeta,andTikTok,ownedbyChinesecompanyByteDance,saidNBCNews.

ThesetwoplatformsaredifferentfromFacebookinthattheyaremainlyimage-basedandvideo-based,nottext-based.Visualcultureisarisingtrendandyoungpeoplehavegrowntiredofreadingpeople’sremarksonFacebook,saidForbes.(据NBC新闻报道，如今的年轻一代更喜欢使用其他社交平台，比如Facebook母公司Meta旗下的照片和视频分享社交网络服务Instagram，以及中国字节跳动公司旗下的抖音。这两个平台与Facebook的不同之处在于，它们主要基于图像和视频，而不是基于文本。《福布斯》称，视觉文化正呈上升趋势，年轻人已经厌倦了阅读人们在Facebook上的评论。)”可知，年轻人已经厌倦了基于文本的评论，提供视觉享受的社交平台最吸引年轻人。故选C。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Goingforward,FacebookplanstouseAIinasimilarwayasTikToktoshowshortvideosandgiveusersabetterplatformtodiscussvideocontent,saidFortuneMedia.Onlytimewilltellwhetheritcanstay“young”orremainasaplatformusedonlyby“oldpeople”.(财富传媒表示，未来，Facebook计划以与TikTok类似的方式使用人工智能来展示短视频，并为用户提供一个更好的讨论视频内容的平台。只有时间才能证明它是能保持“年轻”，还是只能作为“老年人”使用的平台。)”可知，Facebook也计划使用人工智能来展示短视频，提供讨论视频内容的平台；对于Facebook是能保持“年轻”还是作为“老年人”使用的平台还需要时间来证明。由此可知，作者认为Facebook的未来是未知的，模糊的。故选A。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段“Goingforward,FacebookplanstouseAIinasimilarwayasTikToktoshowshortvideosandgiveusersabetterplatformtodiscussvideocontent,saidFortuneMedia.Onlytimewilltellwhetheritcanstay“young”orremainasaplatformusedonlyby“oldpeople”.(财富传媒表示，未来，Facebook计划以与TikTok类似的方式使用人工智能来展示短视频，并为用户提供一个更好的讨论视频内容的平台。只有时间才能证明它是能保持‘年轻’，还是只能作为‘老年人’使用的平台。)”可知，本文主要讲述了Facebook在年轻人中间的使用率明显下降，Facebook正努力采取措施解决该问题；A选项“FacebookStrugglesfortheFavoroftheYouth(Facebook努力争取年轻人的青睐)”能够概括文章主旨，是最佳标题。故选A。DAmanwithParkinson’s（帕金森）diseasehasexperiencedasubstantialimprovementinhisabilitytowalkafterbeingfittedwithadevicethatelectricallystimulateshisspinalcord（脊髓）.Thefindings,althoughbasedononeperson,suggestthiscouldbeusedtotreatmovementdisorders.TreatmentsforParkinson’sdiseaseincludedrugsthattargetpartsofthebrainwhichregulatesmovement,aswellasdeep-brainstimulation,whichchangestheelectricalsignalsthatcausesymptoms.However,manypeopledon’trespondtothesetreatments,particularlyiftheirconditionisadvanced,saysCourtine.HeandhiscolleagueswantedtofindoutwhetherdirectlystimulatingthespinalcordinapersonwithsevereParkinson’sdiseasecouldhelp.Theteamdesignedthedevicethatspecificallytargetsneurons（神经元）inthespinethatareactivatedwhenlegswalk,whichshowedpromiseinnon-humanprimateswithParkinson’s-likesymptoms.Totestitinaperson,theresearchersrecruiteda62-year-oldmancalledMarc,whohasexperiencedParkinson’ssymptomsforaround30years.Theseincludedpacefreezing-suddenandtemporaryinabilitytomove.TheresearchersfirsthadtomaptheneuronsinMarc’sspine.Thishelpedtoguidetheapplicationofstimulatorssotheywouldonlytargethislegs’neurons.TheythenplacedsensorsonMarc’slegsandshoestomonitortheelectricalactivityoftheneuronsthatactivatethemusclesintheselimbsandhisfeet.Whenthesesensorsdetectedthiselectricalactivity,theyactivatedthestimulators.Afterthreemonths’trainingusingthestimulators,Marcmoreorlessstoppedexperiencingpacefreezing.Marcsaysthatpassingthroughnarrowpathsorturninghadpreviouslycausedpacefreezing,whichledtohimfallingfiveorsixtimesaday.Marchasnowbeenusingthestimulatorfortwoyearsandsayshehardlyfallsanymore,allowinghimtowalkseveralkilometresatatime.ThestimulationispersonalisedtoMarc.Nevertheless,theteamthinksasimilartechniquecouldhelpmanypeople.Butthereareatleastfivemoreyearsofdevelopmentbeforethetreatmentwillreachpeopleoutsideatrial,saysCourtine.12.WhydoesCourtine’steamdesignthedevice?A.Conventionaltreatmentshelplittle. B.Patientssufferfromdeep-brainstimulation.C.Thedeviceismuchcheaper. D.Themedicinehasside-effects.13.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Theprocedureofthetreatment. B.Theeffectsoftheresearch.C.Thefunctionofstimulators. D.Thepredictionofresearchers.14.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Marcisdissatisfiedwiththetreatment. B.Marcrecoversafterthree-month’straining.C.ThedeviceisspeciallyadjustedforMarc. D.Thedevicehasbeenusedwidely.15.Whatisthelimitationofthisresearch?A.Smallsample. B.Lowtechnology. C.Highcost. D.Inconvenientoperation.〖答案〗12.A13.A14.C15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一位帕金森病患者在接受了一种刺激脊髓的装置治疗后，其行走能力得到了显著改善。虽然这项研究基于一个患者，但研究人员认为这种方法可以帮助许多人。不过，这项治疗还需要至少五年的时间才能推广到试验之外的人群。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“However,manypeopledon’trespondtothesetreatments,particularlyiftheirconditionisadvanced,saysCourtine.(然而，许多人对这些治疗没有反应，特别是当他们的病情进展时，库尔蒂纳说。)”可知，Courtine的团队设计这个装置是因为传统的治疗方法对许多人特别是病情严重的人帮助不大。故选A。【13题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段“TheresearchersfirsthadtomaptheneuronsinMarc’sspine.Thishelpedtoguidetheapplicationofstimulatorssotheywouldonlytargethislegs’neurons.TheythenplacedsensorsonMarc’slegsandshoestomonitortheelectricalactivityoftheneuronsthatactivatethemusclesintheselimbsandhisfeet.Whenthesesensorsdetectedthiselectricalactivity,theyactivatedthestimulators.(研究人员首先必须绘制出马克脊柱中的神经元。这有助于指导刺激器的应用，使它们只针对他腿上的神经元。然后，他们在马克的腿和鞋子上安装了传感器，以监测激活四肢和脚上肌肉的神经元的电活动。当这些传感器检测到这种电活动时，它们就会激活刺激器。)”可知，本段主要介绍了这种装置的治疗过程。故选A。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Afterthreemonths’trainingusingthestimulators,Marcmoreorlessstoppedexperiencingpacefreezing.(在使用刺激器训练三个月后，马克或多或少地停止了速度冻结。)”和最后一段“ThestimulationispersonalisedtoMarc.(这种刺激是为马克量身定做的。)”可知，这个装置是为马克特别调整的。故选C。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“AmanwithParkinson’s（帕金森）diseasehasexperiencedasubstantialimprovementinhisabilitytowalkafterbeingfittedwithadevicethatelectricallystimulateshisspinalcord（脊髓）.Thefindings,althoughbasedononeperson,suggestthiscouldbeusedtotreatmovementdisorders.(一名患有帕金森氏症的男子在安装了一种电刺激脊髓的装置后，他的行走能力有了实质性的改善。虽然研究结果是基于一个人的，但这表明它可以用于治疗运动障碍。)”可知，这项研究基于一个人，样本量小，这是该研究的局限性。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whetheryourunaraceorbounceabasketball,youdoitbecauseit’sfun.Somescientistsclaimthatplayisanaturalinstinct,justlikesleep.____16____Sportscomeinmanyshapesandsizes.Bothteamandindividualsportshaveadvantagesanddisadvantages.Inateamsportsuchassoccer,you’repartofagroup,strugglingtobeawinningteam.____17____Inanindividualsportsuchastennis,you’reusuallyconcernedonlyaboutyourownperformance.Thatcanmakethesesportsmorechallenging.There’slittledoubtaboutthevalueofsports.Welearnhowtonegotiateplans,settledisagreements,andmonitorourattitude.Sinceorganizedsportsareahands-on,minds-onlearningprocess,theystimulateourimagination,curiosity,andcreativity.____18____Forexample,weuselanguageduringplaytosolveproblems,andweusemathskillstorecognizeaveragesandoddsofeachsportsplay.Inaperfectworld,everyonewouldhavefunplayingsports.____19____Sportscancausebrokenbones,scrapesandbruises.Theycanalsohurtuspsychologically.Whenyoungchildrenplayself-initiatedgamessuchashide-and-seek,misunderstandingsandhurtfeelingsarepartofthelearningprocess.Playingsportsdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoplayonaschoolteam.Fewpeoplehavewhatittakestobeaprofessionalathlete.Butyourschoolbasketballcoachorgymnasticsteacherhasfoundawaytomakeplaytheirwork.Indoingso,they’vefoundaprofessionbestsuitedtotheirabilities.____20____There’snobetterplacetoplayandlearnabouttheworldthanonasportsfield.A.Butthat’snotalwaysthecase.B.Regardlessofyoursport,playtohavefun.C.Sportsmayhavebegunasaformofsurvival.D.Theskillswelearncanbeappliedtoschoolandwork.E.Thismightexplainwhysportsarelikelytobeasoldashumanity.F.Therearerulestoobey,skillstolearn,andstrategiestocarryout.G.Youmustlearntogetalongwithyourteammatesandshareresponsibility.〖答案〗16.E17.G18.D19.A20.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了运动的起源、运动的好处以及运动的风险。【16题详析】根据上文“Somescientistsclaimthatplayisanaturalinstinct,justlikesleep.(一些科学家声称，玩耍是一种本能，就像睡觉一样。)”可知，体育运动和睡觉在人类起初就存在，选择项E“Thismightexplainwhysportsarelikelytobeasoldashumanity.(这也许可以解释为什么体育运动可能和人类一样古老。)”承接自然，且E项中sports与上文play相呼应，故选E。【17题详析】根据上文“Inateamsportsuchassoccer,you’repartofagroup,strugglingtobeawinningteam.(在足球等团队运动中，你是一个团队的一部分，努力成为一个获胜的团队。)”可知，在团队运动中，必须学会与队友相处，分享责任，才有可能让团队获胜。选择项G“Youmustlearntogetalongwithyourteammatesandshareresponsibility.(你必须学会与队友相处并分担责任。)”承接自然，且G项中teammates与上文group相呼应，故选G。【18题详析】根据上文“Sinceorganizedsportsareahands-on,minds-onlearningprocess,theystimulateourimagination,curiosity,andcreativity.(由于有组织的体育运动是一个动手、动脑的学习过程，它们激发了我们的想象力、好奇心和创造力。)”可知，运动和学习工作是密切相关的，选择项D“Theskillswelearncanbeappliedtoschoolandwork.(我们学到的技能可以应用到学校和工作中。)”承接自然，且D项中skills与上文imagination,curiosity,andcreativity相呼应，故选D。【19题详析】根据上文“Inaperfectworld,everyonewouldhavefunplayingsports.(在一个完美的世界里，每个人都会在运动中获得乐趣。)”和下文“Sportscancausebrokenbones,scrapesandbruises.Theycanalsohurtuspsychologically.(运动可以导致骨折，擦伤和擦伤。它们也会在心理上伤害我们。)”可知，运动可以获得乐趣，但有时也带来伤害，选择项A“Butthat’snotalwaysthecase.(但情况并非总是如此。)”构成转折关系，且A项中that指代上文内容，故选A。【20题详析】根据下文“There’snobetterplacetoplayandlearnabouttheworldthanonasportsfield.(没有比运动场更好的地方来玩耍和了解世界了。)”可知，在运动场不管做什么运动，开心就好，选择项B“Regardlessofyoursport,playtohavefun.(不管你从事什么运动，玩得开心就好。)”承接自然，且B项中play与下文play相呼应，故选B。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Wemakealivingbywhatweget,butwemakealifebywhatwegive.Thissayingperfectlyshowsthe____21____ofgiving,andhowithelpsto____22____ourownlives.Oneofthemostfrequentwaysofgivingisthroughvoluntarywork,wherewehelpotherswithoutreceivinganyfinancialreward____23____.Ioncevolunteeredto____24____one-roomflatswherethelessfortunatelived.WhenIfirstenteredtheflat,Iwas____25____atthelivingconditions.Itwasovercrowdedwithpeopleandhouseholditemscoveredwithdust.____26____,Icouldnotcontainmyjudgement,andwasinstinctively____27____abouttheownersoftheflat.However,asthecleaningproceeded,Italkedtothem.Learningabout____28____thatthefamilyhadmetwith,Iwasregretfulformyinitial____29____judgementofthem.AnothertimewhenIvolunteeredtoteachlifeskillstostudentswithcerebralpalsy(脑瘫),Ifoundtheywerevery_____30_____oftheteachers.Theyoftensaid“thankyou”andsmiledwheneverIhelpedthemevenwitha_____31_____task.ThisexperiencehasallowedmetobemoremindfulofthethingsthatItakeforgranted,andtobemorecarefulofnotlettinginsignificantthings_____32_____me.Voluntaryworkhasprovidedmewiththeopportunitytogainmore_____33_____intothelivesofthelessfortunateandcountthe_____34_____inmylife.Insteadofjustbeingabsorbedinyourown_____35_____,extendahelpinghandtoothers.21.A.difference B.hardship C.significance D.popularity22.A.enrich B.challenge C.accept D.balance23.A.inneed B.inreturn C.inrelief D.inperson24.A.sell B.paint C.visit D.clean25.A.overjoyed B.terrified C.shocked D.content26.A.Slowly B.Admittedly C.Reportedly D.Interestingly27.A.critical B.worried C.curious D.serious28.A.volunteers B.chances C.misfortunes D.neighbors29.A.unkind B.complete C.objective D.strange30.A.fearful B.appreciativeC.proud D.tired31.A.formal B.boring C.complex D.small32.A.attract B.push C.cure D.bother33.A.possibilities B.insight C.admission D.rights34.A.number B.memories C.blessings D.cost35.A.needs B.judgement C.choices D.income〖答案〗21.C22.A23.B24.D25.C26.B27.A28.C29.A30.B31.D32.D33.B34.B35.A【语篇解读】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了作者通过志愿者工作体验到给予的价值和对个人生活的积极影响。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这句话完美地说明了给予的重要性，以及它如何帮助我们丰富自己的生活。A.difference不同，区别；B.hardship困难；C.significance意义；D.popularity流行。根据前文“Wemakealivingbywhatweget,butwemakealifebywhatwegive.”可知，这句话说明了给予的意义。故选C项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这句话完美地说明了给予的重要性，以及它如何帮助我们丰富自己的生活。A.enrich使丰富；B.challenge挑战；C.accept接受；D.balance使平衡。根据上文“butwemakealifebywha