2023年江苏省常州市中考英语模拟试卷（附答案详解）

2023年江苏省常州市中考英语模拟试卷

1.-Susan,thereisriceandnoodlesathome.Willyougoshoppingwithme?

-Sorry,Ihavetowaitforthepostman.()

A.little；fewB.few；littleC.afew；littleD.few；alittle

2.——Howarethetwocollegestudentsgettingonwith

theirprojectwork?

------Prettywell.ofthemenjoysworkingwiththe

localstudents.

A.BothB.AllC.EachD.Any

3.一DoyouknowthatTomisoneofstudentsinhisclass?

—Yes,Ido.He'sasasmybrother.

A.thetallest;tallerB.tallest;taller

C.thetallest;tallD.tallest;tall

4.—HaveyouseenthehotfilmWanderingEarth?

一Yes,Ihave.wonderfulsciencefictionmovieitis!

A.yet;HowaB.already;HowC.yet;WhataD.already;What

5.—Thanksourgovernment,wecanplaysportsandonthenewplaygroundnextweek.

-That'sforsure!Andwellhaveasportsmeetingonemonth.()

A.for；inB.to；inC.for；afterD.to；after

6.-Fmsorryto__onyou,butthereareoneortwothingsIdon'tunderstand.

-Itdoesn'tmatter.()

A.cutdownB.cutoutC.cutinD.cutoff

7.—WhyhaveIneverseenthiskindofmobilephone?

一BecauseitbyHuaweilastmonth.

A.wasproducedB.wouldproducedC.hasproducedD.areproduced

8.-Mr.Wang,Ihavetroublethetext.Couldyouhelpme?

-Certainly.First,rememberitthreetimesatleast.Then,Iwilltellyoumore.()

A.tounderstand；readingB.understanding；reading

C.understanding；toreadD.tounderstand；toread

9.everyonewithpolitenesseventhosewhoareveryrudetoyou,notbecausetheyarenice,

butbecauseyouare.()

A.TreatB.TreatingC.TreatedD.Totreat

10.一Couldyoutellme*'theFatherofRice"?

一Becausehehelpedmanycountriesgrowmorerice.

A.whenwasYuanLongpingcalledB.whyisYuanLongpingcalled

C.whenYuanLongpingwascalledD.whyYuanLongpingiscalled

AmericanauthorErnestHemingwayoncewrote,"TheworldisafineplaceandworthfightingfbrandI

hateverymuchtoleaveit.”

Thisquoteshows(1)Hemingwaylivedhislife.Fromhistimeasasoldierandwarreporterto

hisadventures(奇遇)inParisandCuba,Hemingwaysawmuchoftheworldandreflectedonhis

experienceinhiswriting.

(2)histravels,Hemingwaymetmanyfamousauthorsandartists,learningfromthemwhile

also(3)hisownliteraryconcepts(文学观念).Despitefacingmanyhardshipsanddifficulties,

Hemingway(4)stoppedlookingfornewexperiencesandadventures.

Hemingway'swritingstyleisquite(5).Heinventedthetermuicebergtheory(冰山理论)”

to(6)hiswriting.Thisreferstotheideathat(7)deepermeaningsunderthesurface

(表面)ofone*swritingcanmakeitmoreimpressiveandthought-provoking(弓|人深思的),justlike

howmostofaniceberg'smassishiddenunderthesurfaceoftheocean.(8),itissaidthat

Hemingwaywasonceaskedtowriteacompletestoryin10wordsorless.He(9)with"Forsale：

babyshoes,neverworn,"Inthisonesimple(10),hetellsthesadstoryofthe(11)

ofachildandtheparents1mourning(悲痛).Itisa(n)(12)exampleofHemingway'sevocative

(有感染力的)andsimplewritingstyle.

11.A.howB.whatC.whyD.where

12.A.ByB.AfterC.UntilD.Through

13.A.bringingB.formingC.spendingD.waiting

14.A.nearlyB.oftenC.quicklyD.never

15.A.boringB.simpleC.relaxingD.scientific

16.A.describeB.teachC.fixD.remember

17.A.hidingB.findingC.choosingD.understanding

18.A.HoweverB.InsteadC.ForexampleD.Asaresult

19.A.agreedB.repliedC.spokeD.lied

20.A.wordB.letterC.choiceD.sentence

21.A.lossB.birthC.returnD.memory

22.A.necessaryB.perfectC.betterD.sad

L

Afirstlookmaymakeyouthinkitisaseesaw（跷跷板）.Butpeopleofthe

Yiethnicgroupwilltellyouit*scompletelydifferent.

"Damoqiu（打磨秋）isatraditionalsportandcelebrationduringfestivals,

“saidLiJingming,inheritorofdamoqiu.

Theseesaw-likeequipmentfordamoqiuismadeupoftwopoles（杆）.One

1.5-meterpolestandsupontheground.Theother5-meterpole,withasmallholeinthemiddle,lies

horizontally（水平地）onit.Theholeiswheretheyareconnected.Whenplaying,oneortwoperformers

sitorcrawl（匍匐）oneachsideofthehorizontalpole.Theyneedtousetheirstrengthfromtheirbelly

orlegstokeepbalanceonthepolewhiledoingdifferentpostures（姿势）.

Duetoitscomplexity（复杂性）,damoqiuwaslistedin2016asanintangibleculturalheritage（非

物质文化遗产）inLonglincounty,Guangxi.

"Manypeoplesimplyplaydamoqiuforfun,“saidLi,"Yet,takingitasaprofessionalsportismorea

gameofbravery."AccordingtoLi,sincethehorizontalpoleonlyhangsonthestandingpole,it'salways

spinning（旋转的）,makingithardforperformerstokeepbalance.

Besidesbravery,damoqiu,asaprofessionalsport,alsorequiresgreateffortandpatience.Trainingfora

newposturesometimesrequiresmorethan10days."Repetitionispartofourdailyroutine.Thoughit'sdull,

itisworthourefforttokeepthetraditionalive,"Lisaid.

Asmoreyoungpeoplegotoworkinthebigcities,theyhavelesstimetotrainonthepole."It'sapitythat

damoqiuisdisappearingfromthecompetitivestagenow,"saidLi,addingthathehasonlyhadfive

disciples（徒弟）formanyyears.

Tomakedamoqiuknowntomorepeople,Linotonlyteachesitinschoolsvoluntarily,butalsoperforms

inmanycompetitionstoshowthesport*scharm.

"AslongasIlive,Iwillcontinuethemission（使命）ofpassingontheskillsofdamoqiutofuture

generations,"saidLi.

23.WhatdoesLithinkisimportantforplayingdamoqiuasaprofessionalsport?

A.Passionandgoodathleticability.

B.Greateffort,patienceandcourage.

C.Patience,creativityandenergy.

D.Strengthandrelevantpreviousexperience.

24.Whatisparagraph7mainlyabout?

A.Youngpeople'sviewsondamoqiu.

B.Thereasonswhyyoungpeopleleavevillages.

C.Thecurrentdevelopmentofdamoqiu.

D.Thedifficultiesofpassingdowndamoqiu.

25.HowdoesLipromotedamoqiu?

A.Bywritingabookonit.

B.Byperformingitinmanycompetitions.

C.Bymakingitanelectivecourseinlocalschools.

D.Byintroducingandteachingittopeopleonline.

M

"TheGreatWallsymbolizesthefirmbackboneofChina,whiletheGrandCanalisthebloodlinethatflows

throughtheheartsofChinesepeople,“saidShanJixiang,formerdirectorofthePalaceMuseum.

Togetabetterunderstandingofthis"bloodline",ZhejiangArtMuseumisrunninganexhibitioncalled

TheGrandCanalasEpiconEarth（"大地史诗----中国大运河主题艺术展”）.ItrunsthroughOct11.

Withahistoryofmorethan2,500years,theGrandCanalconsistsoftheBeijing-HangzhouGrandCanal,

theSuiandTangGrandCanalandtheZhedongCanal.ltstretches（延伸）nearly3,200kilometersand

istheworld'slongestman-madewaterway.

ConnectingthenorthandsouthofChina,theGrandCanalextends（拓展）tradeandshapesculture.As

somesectionsofthecanalhavedriedupandbeendisusedduetohistoricalevolution（演变）andclimate

change,however,somepeopleseemtoforgetitsculturalvalue.

ChinaDailyreportedthaturbanization（城市化）hasledtogarbageandotherwastetobewillfully（蓄

意地）pileduponthewaterwaybyresidents,whileothershaveevenbuiltillegalstructuresbesidethe

canal.Allofthishasdamagedthescenicandhydraulic（水力的）qualitiesofthecanal.

ButjustasChinesePresidentXiJinpingoncesaid,"Theculturalrelicsourancestorsentrustedtousmust

becherished（珍惜）

Manymeasureshavebeenadoptedtowardrevitalizing（使恢复生机）theGrandCanal.

Forexample,in2020,YangzhouestablishedtheGrandCanalMuseum,whichdisplaysmorethan1,

600relicsrelatedtothecanalandreproduces（重现）thenaturallandscapealongtheGrandCanalinthe

formofmultimedia（多媒体）.Thisallowspeopletoappreciateitsbeauty.InGuchengcountyofHengshui

cityinHebei,anewpolicywascarriedout-ariverchiefsystem.Atotalof70riverchiefsatcounty,

townandvillagelevelshavebeenassignedtocleanandrestore（修复）59riverlines,helpingeach

sectionofthecanaltoreachitstargetsforreducingpollutionandcontrollingflooding.

TheGrandCanalistakingaturnforthebetter.Thereisnodoubtthat"thetime-honoredChinesecultureis

capableofaddingglorytoittodayandinthedaystocome,"asPresidentXisaid.

26.WhatdoweknowabouttheGrandCanal?

A.Itpromotestradeathomeandabroad.

B.IthasshapedthecultureofsouthwesternChina.

C.Itistheworld'slongestman-madewaterway.

D.Itsculturalvalueisgreaterthanitseconomicvalue.

27.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?

A.Theimpactofurbanizationonthecanal.

B.Thenecessityofgarbageclassification.

C.Howtoprotectthecanalfrombeingdamaged.

D.HowtheGrandCanalhaschangedovertime.

28.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?

A.Torecommendanexhibitiontoreaders.

B.TostresstheimportanceoftheGrandCanal.

C.Todrawpublicattentiontoourculturalheritage.

D.TointroducetheGrandCanalandwaystorevitalizeit.

N

OneofthemostmemorablevolunteeringmomentsformewaswhenIreceivedacallfromanother

volunteerwhoworksfortheMetropolitanPolice.

"Loraine,I'vefoundapairoffalseteethinthebackofmycar...WhatdoIdo?"

"Well,givethemback.Iassumetheyaren'tyours?Whodidyoutakehomeaftertheteaparty?”

"Er,Peggy,JoanandAlan...”

"Well,there'syouranswer."

"Whatdoyoumean?WhatshouldIdo?”

"You'rethedetective!"

I'm62nowandalwaysplannedtovolunteerwitholderpeoplewhenIretired.Iknewtherewassuchabig

gapinthecareandsupportthisgenerationreceivesandIfoundthethoughtheartbreaking-nooneshould

havetofeellonelyandstuckathome.

SinceIstartedvolunteeringthreeyearsago,myteamofvolunteershavesetupsevengroupsinour

town.Wehostteapartiesforthoseaged75andolderwholiveontheirownandregularlyprovidesupport,

friendshipandcompanionship（陪伴）forthemostisolatedolderpeopleinthecommunity.

Workingwithmyolderneighborsisrewarding.Toheartheirstoriesandthehardshipstheyhaveovercome

isinspiring.!feellikeFmmakingapositivedifferencetothelivesofolderpeoplebysharingmytimewith

them,helpingthemstayactiveandsocialandmakingcleartothemthattheyarevaluedbyourcommunity.

Asanareacoordinator（协'调人）,Ialsohelprecruit（招募）andmanagevolunteers,withoutwhom

noneoftheworkwouldbepossible.Somanygoaboveandbeyondwhat'sasked,givingtheirtime,energy

andkindness,justbecausetheycare.I'vefoundsomuchenthusiasm（热情）frompeoplewantingtomake

thelivesofourolderneighborsbetter,andtheyareaconstantsourceofinspirationforme.

I'vemetsomanyamazingpeoplefromallwalksoflife（各行各业）.IfsoneofthebestthingsI'veever

doneandifsenrichedmylifesomuch.Iwillkeepfocusingonreducinglonelinessandisolationamongthe

elderlyandhelpingolderpeopleenjoytheoldagethattheydeserve.

29.Whydoestheauthormentionthecallinthefirstfewparagraphs?

A.Tointroduceavolunteersheworkswith.

B.Toexplainwhyshestartedvolunteering.

C.Toshowsheenjoyshervolunteerwork.

D.Todescribeaproblemolderpeopleoftenmeet.

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"isolated"inparagraph9probablymean?

A.friendlyB.lonelyC.helplessD.supportive

31.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofherworkasavolunteer?

A.Itismeaningful.B.Itgivesherconfidence.

C.Itischallenging.D.Itreducesherloneliness.

32.Whatqualityoftheothervolunteersinspiredtheauthor?

A.Theirpeopleskills.B.Theircreativity.

C.Theiroptimism（乐观）.D.Theirpassion.

o

Sincehumanssentthefirstsatellite（卫星）tospaceinthe1950s,scientistshavebeenstudyingan

importanttopic：howtogrowfoodinspaceifhumanswillonedaylivethere.Arecentexperimentat

theTiangongspacestationmakesabigstepforward.

Chineseastronautshavesuccessfullygrownriceseedlings（幼苗）duringtheShenzhouXIV

mission."Thericeseedlingsaregrowingverywell,"saidZhengHuiqiong,aresearcherfromthe

ChineseAcademyofSciences.SincethericeexperimentbeganonJuly29,theseedlingsofthetall

shootricevariety（高杆水稻品种）havereachedaheightof30centimeters.Theseedlingsofthe

dwarfricevariety（矮秆水稻品种）havegrownto5centimeters,ChinaDailyreportedonAug30.

Whiletherehavebeenotherriceexperimentsinspace,thisoneisthefirstofitskindtoproducethe

completelifecycleofaplant-itbeginswithaseedandendswithamature（成熟的）plant

producingnewseeds.

Suchfood-growingexperimentsarenotjustforastronauts.Theycanalsosolvefoodproblemson

Earth.Bysendingseedstospace,wecancreatemutated（突变的）seeds,thankstomicrogravity

（微重力）,lackofairandcosmicrays（宇宙射线）.Theseedscanthenproducehigheryields（产

量）onEarth.

Formorethan30years,Chinahasdevelopedover260newtypesofseedsinspace.Theyareplanted

everyyearinfieldsthatcovertensofmillionsofhectares（公顷）.

AccordingtoYaoTong,anengineerfromHainanAerospaceEngineeringBreedingResearchCenter

（海南航天工程育种研发中心）,30percentofstrawberriessoldinBeijingare"spacestrawberries",

whichareasbigaseggs.Thecenterhasalsoproduced"spacetomatoes"withyieldsincreasedby30

percent,and"spacebananas"withagrowthcycle（生长周期）shortenedfrom13monthsto9

months.

33.Whatdoesthisone”inParagraph3referto?

A.Thedwarfricevariety.

B.Thetallshootricevariety.

C.ThericeexperimentonShenzhouXIV.

D.Thelastriceexperimentinspace.

34.Howdoesthecurrentriceexperimentdifferfromotherexperiments?

A.Itsseedlingshavesuccessfullycomeup.

B.Itgoesthroughacompletelifecycle.

C.Itsseedlingsaregrowingverywell.

D.Itusescompletelynewricevarieties.

35.Whydowegrowfoodinspace?

a.Tofeedastronauts.b.Tostudymicrogravity.

c.ToincreaseyieldsonEarth.d.Toresearchoncosmicrays.

A.abB.beC.acD.bd

36.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

A.Spaceplantingisbenefitingus.

B.Spaceplantinghasdisadvantages.

C.Peoplewillneverrunoutoffood.

D.Peopleareafraidoffoodbredinspace.

37.Sometimeswegetalong.（1）Butmostofthetime,weloveourbrothersand

sisters.Andresearchshowsthatthesibling（兄弟姐妹）bond（纽带）isaboutmorethanfamily

dinners.Growingupwithabrotherorsistermayactuallyaffectourmentalandphysicalhealth，notto

mentionitcanshapewhowebecomelaterinlife.Herearesomeofthemanybenefitsofsiblings.

Theymakeushappier.Formany,thatsiblingbondmeansalifetimeofemotionalsupport.That'swhy

atightrelationshipwithyoursiblingscanbringhappinesslaterinlife.（2）Sobondingwith

ourbrothersandsistersisn'tonlyimportantaswegrowandmature,butmayalsobringmajorbenefits

laterinlife.

Siblingskeepusphysicallyfit.Researchshowsthatoursiblingscanhelpusstayactive.Manypeople

believethatfriendsandfamilyhavethelargestimpactonhowhealthyourlifestyleis.Andstayingfit

togethermayhelpgrowthatsiblingbond.Nearlyone-thirdofpeoplewithhealthyhabitsdistance

themselvesfromthosewithlesshealthyones.

(3)Notonlycansiblingsboost(提高)mentalhealthandphysicalfitness,butstrong

socialtiesmayhelpyoulivelonger,accordingtoresearchpublishedinthejournalPLoS

Medicine.Onaverage,thosewithpoorsocialconnectionsdiedabout7.5yearsearlierthanthosewith

solidbonds.Thismaybebecausecaringaboutourfriendsandfamilyinspiresustotakebettercareof

ourselves.(4)

Nomatterthereason,keepingthatstrongconnectionwithoursiblingscouldhelpuslivealonger,

happierandhealthierlife.

A.Theycouldhelpyoulivelonger.

B.Othertimestheydriveuscrazy.

C.Oursiblings*healthisoftensimilartoourown.

D.Researchshowsthatolderpeoplewithlivingsiblingsaremorepositive.

E.Siblingsmakeperfectchildhoodfriends,astheysharethesameenvironment.

F.Oritmaybebecauseweturntolovedonesforsupportwhenwe'resickorstressed.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

38.Howlongorfarissansheintheidiomntuibisanshe(退避三舍)”？

Inancienttimes,shewasaunitofdistance.Onesheisasfaras30li.Oneliis500metersand30liis

15,000meters.Sosansheis45(1).

Thereisastorybehindthisidiom.DuringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod(770-476BC),Prince

Chong'eroftheJinstateranaway(2)hishomestate.Hewantedtotraveltootherstates.

Once,hewenttothestateofChu.KingChengwangofChusawhim(3)animportantguest

andservedhimafeast(盛宴).HeaskedChong'er,"IfyourulethestateofJinoneday,howwould

youthankme?""Itseemsyourstatehas(4)youwant.Ihavenothingthatyoulike,”

Chong'ersaid.However,thekingstillaskedforsomething.Finally,Chong'ersaid,"Iwouldaskmy

armytoretreat(撤退)sansheifweeverfight.1'

Later,Chong'erreturnedtohishomestateofJinandbecame(5)(it)rulercalled

Wengong.Bothofthetwostateswantedtobecomestrongerandget(6)(much)

land.Theywenttowarwitheachother.

JinWengongdidn'tbreak(7)promise.Heaskedhisarmytoretreatsansheandstayin

Chengpu.TheChuarmy(8)(think)thattheJinsoldierswereafraidtofight,sothey

followedthem.(9)theirsurprise,theJinarmysurrounded(包围)them.Intheend,

Jin(10)(win)thewar.ThiswasthefamousBattleofChengpu.Afterthiswar,people

used"tuibisanshe"tomeanretreatingtoavoidaconflict(冲突).

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

39.我们希望这部电影能使他们想起以前的快乐时光。

Wehopeinthepast.

40.经常分发补给物品的不是那位志愿者就是这个护士。

supplyitems.

41.每位学生都应该有足够的耐心检查作业。

Everystudent.

42.这个年轻人不介意扮演穷人而不是老板。

Theyoungman.

43.直到去世他都没有放弃帮助有需要的人。

He.

44.近几年来，我们的生活条件得到了多么大的改善啊！

How!

45.假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Jim对短视频在中国的流行很感兴趣，写信向你询问。请

你回信向他介绍短视频的特点，并谈谈你对短视频流行的看法。

提示问题：

1.Whatareshortvideoslike?

2.Whataresomepositive(正面的)andnegative(负面的)thingsaboutshortvideos?

3.Whatdoyouthinkaboutthepopularityofshortvideos?

DearJim,

Yours,LiHua

答案和解析

1.【答案】A

【解析】little很少、几乎没有，修饰不可数名词.few很少，几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数.alittle

一点儿，修饰不可数名词.afew一点儿，修饰可数名词复数.第一个空，修饰不可数名词rice"

米饭"用little.B、C、D不正确.第二个空，修饰可数名词复数noodles"面条"用few.

故选：A.

--苏珊，家里没有米饭和面条，你能和我一起去购物吗？

-对不起，我不得不等邮递员.

分析little、alittlefew、afew的区别，结合语境，找到关键词,选择合适答案.

2.【答案】C

【解析】句意：一一这两个大学生的项目工作进展如何？一一很好。他们每个人都喜欢和当地的

学生一起工作。A.Both两者都；B.A1全部（三者以上）；C.Each每个；.D.Any任何（通常用于否

定句或一般疑问句）。谓语动词enjoys第三人称单数，bolhofthem做主语谓语动词应该用复数，

所以A不正确；Eachof…做主语，谓语动词用单数。故选C。

3.【答案】C

【解析】句意：一一你知道Tom在他的班级里是最高的学生之一吗？一一是的，我知道。他和我

哥哥一样高。oneof+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，表示最……之一，固定用法，第一空需填

thetallest；as+形容词原级+as表示前者后后者一样，第二空需用tall。故选C。

4.【答案】C

【解析】句意：一一你看了热门电影《流浪地球》吗？一一是的，我看了.这是多么好的一部科

幻电影啊！yet已经，用于疑问句，already已经，用于肯定句，排除B、D。感叹句的结构：What

a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+itis!；Howadj.+a/an+可数名词单数+itis!分析句子结构，sciencefiction

movie是可数名词单数，前面有形容词wonderful修饰，前面应该用whata。故选C。

5.【答案】B

【解析】答案：Bo

结合语境可以推断这句话表达的意思是”一一多亏了我们政府，我们下个星期可以在新的操场上运

动了。

——确实是这样，而且一个月后我们将举行运动会。一一确实是这样，而且一个月后我们将举行

运动会。”，所以第一个设空处的介词短语表达的意思是“多亏了"，应该用thanksto,第二个设空

处表示一段时间以后，用于一般将来时，用"in+时间段”，故选B

一一多亏了我们政府，我们下个星期可以在新的操场上运动了。

——确实是这样，而且一个月后我们将举行运动会。

英语介词的一个特点是一词多义，并且介词间语义交叉现象很多，习惯用法也很多，有时很难从

词义上区分开来。故学习中要注意不断总结，熟记一些介词和动词的固定搭配用法及习惯用法，

是完成此类问题的捷径。

6.【答案】C

【解析】考查动词短语.A减少；裁短.B裁剪.C插嘴；干预；打断.D切除.结合语境"-很

抱歉—你，但有一两件事我不明白.-没关系.可知，应该是“打断”.

故选：C.

-很抱歉打断你，但有一两件事我不明白.

--没关系.

考查动词短语，在日常学习中要积累一些动词短语的固定用法，结合语境，选择合适的形式.完

成试题.

7.【答案】A

【解析】根据题干，可知主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态be+过去分词，由lastweek,可知时

态是一般过去时，主语it接was.

故选：Ao

-为什么我从来没见过这种手机？

-因为它是华为上个月生产的。

熟悉一般过去时被动语态的用法，结合题意，给出答案。

8.【答案】C

【解析】根据Ihavetroublethetext,可知这里考查havetroubledoingsth表示有困难做

某事；而remembertodosth表示记得做某事，rememberdoingsth表示记得做了某事，这里事情应

该还未做用remembertodosth.

故选：C.

-王老师，我看不懂课文，你能帮我吗？

-当然.首先，记得至少读三遍.然后，我会告诉你更多.

首先要掌握这个句子的意思，然后结合具体的题目，就可以确定正确答案.

9.【答案】A

【解析】根据

everyonewithpolitenesseventhosewhoareveryrudetoyou,notbecausetheyarenice,butbecauseyo

uare.可知句子无主语，是一个祈使句，祈使句以动词原形开头.

故选:A.

礼貌对待每一个人，即使对你很粗鲁的人，不是因为他们很好，而是因为你很好.

熟悉祈使句的基本用法，结合题意，给出答案.

10.【答案】D

【解析】句意：一一你能告诉我袁隆平为什么被称为“水稻之父”？一一因为他帮助很多国家种

植了更多的水稻。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，要用陈述句语序，选项A和B为疑问句语

序，故排除。结合答语Becausehehelpedmanycountriesgrowmorerice.可知，宾语从句是询问原

因，应用why引导。故选D。

11~22.【答案】A、D、B、D、B、A、A、C、B、D、A、B

【解析】（1）考查疑问词。句意:这句话说明了海明威是如何生活的。how如何；what什么；

why为什么;where哪里。根据Thisquoteshows…Hemingwaylivedhislife.（这句话说明了海明威

是……生活的。）可知，如何生活，符合语境。故选A。

（2）考查介词。句意：海明威在旅行中遇到了许多著名的作家和艺术家。By通过（后接动名词

或其短语）；After在...之后；Until直到；Through通过（后接名词或短语）。根据…histravels,

Hemingwaymetmanyfamousauthorsandartists（...他的旅行，海明威遇到了许多著名的作家和

艺术家）可知，通过他的旅行，符合语境。histravels是名词短语，所以用through。故选D。

（3）考查动词。句意：海明威在旅行中遇到了许多著名的作家和艺术家，向他们学习的同时也形

成了自己的文学观念。bringing带来；forming形成；spending花费;waiting等待。根

据…learningfromthemwhilealso…hisownliteraryconcepts（向他们学习，同时也...他自己的文

学观念）可知，形成观念，符合语境。故选B。

（4）考查副词。句意：尽管面临许多艰难困苦，海明威从未停止寻找新的经历和冒险。nearly几

乎；often经常；quickly快速地；never从不。根据Despitefacingmanyhardshipsanddifficulties,

Hemingway,,stoppedlookingfornewexperiencesandadventures.（尽管面临许多艰难困苦，海明

威……停止寻找新的经历和冒险。）可知，尽管海明威面临了许多艰难困苦，但是海明威从来没

有停止过寻找新的经历和冒险。故选D。

（5）考查形容词。句意：海明威的写作风格很简单。boring枯燥的：simple简单的；relaxing令

人放松的；scientific细致严谨的。根据

ItisaperfectexampleofHemingway'sevocativeandsimplewritingstyle.（这是海明威令人回味的简

洁写作风格的完美范例。）可知，海明威的写作风格是简单的。故选B。

（6）考查动词。句意:他发明了"冰山理论”来描述他的作品。describe描述；teach教；fix修理；

remember记住。根据Heinventedthelerrn"icebergtheory"to-"hiswriting.（他发明了"冰山理论"

来……他的作品。）可知，海明威用"冰山理论”来描述他的作品。故选A。

（7）考查动名词。句意：它指的是，在文字的表面之下隐藏更深的含义，可以让它更令人印象深

亥I］，更发人深省，就像冰山的大部分被隐藏在海洋表面之下一样。hiding隐藏;finding找到;choosing

选择；understanding理解。根据

justlikehowmostofaniceberg'smassishiddenunderthesurfaceoftheocean（就像冰山的大部分被

隐藏在海洋表面之下一样）可知，文字的深层含义隐藏在其表面之下。故选A。

（8）考查短语。句意：例如，据说海明威曾经被要求用10个字或更少的时间写一个完整的故事。

However然而；Instead相反；Forexample例如;Asaresult因此。根据

Thisreferstotheideathathidingdeepermeaningsunderthesurface（表

面）ofone'swritingcanmakeitmoreimpressiveandthought-provoking,

justlikehowmostofaniceberg'smassishiddenunderthesurfaceoftheocean.（它指的是，在文字的

表面之下隐藏更深的含义，可以让它更令人印象深刻，更发人深省，就像冰山的大部分被隐藏在

海洋表面之下一样。）可知，后面举例再次解释“冰山理论”的意思。故选C。

（9）考查动词。句意：他回复说："出售：婴儿鞋，从未穿过。"agreed同意；replied回复；spoke

发言；lied说谎。根据Forexample,

itissaidthatHemingwaywasonceaskedtowriteacompletestoryin10wordsorless.（例如，据说海

明威曾经被要求用10个字或更少的时间写一个完整的故事。）可知，此处海明威对这个故事进行

了回应。故选B。

（10）考查名词。句意：在这简单的一句话中，他讲述了一个失去孩子和父母哀悼的悲伤故事。

word文字；letter信;choice选择;sentence句子。根据"Forsale：babyshoes.neverworn."（"出

售：婴儿鞋，从未穿过。"）可知，这是一句话。故选D。

（11）考查名词•句意：在这简单的一句话中，他讲述了一个失去孩子和父母哀悼的悲伤故事。

loss丧失;birth出生;return返回;memory记忆。根据theparents'mourning（父母的悲痛）可知，

父母丧子了。故选A。

（12）考查形容词。句意:这是海明威令人回味的简洁写作风格的完美范例。necessary有必要的；

perfect完美的；better更好的；sad伤心的。根据Inthisonesimplesentence,

hetellsthesadstoryofthelossofachildandtheparents'mourning.（在这简单的一句话中，他讲述了

一个失去孩子和父母哀悼的悲伤故事。）可知，这短短的一句话是海明威写作风格的完美范例。

故选B。

本文介绍了海明威的经历以及他的“冰山理论"。

首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语

法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。

23~25.【答案】B、D、B

【解析】（1）细节理解题。根