2023年高考英语阅读考情概况以及各题型解题技巧点晴讲义高考英语一轮复习

大家，早上好，今天跟大家分享一下2023年全国高考英语阅读理解考情概况:

第一部分文体阅读

年份2023甲2023乙2022甲2022乙2021甲2021乙

文体1应用文说明文应用文应用文应用文说明文

1细节理解细节理解细节理解细节理解细节理解细节理解

2细节理解推理判断细节理解细节理解细节理解细节理解

3细节理解细节理解细节理解细节理解推理判断细节理解

文体2记叙文记叙文说明文初评说明文说明文

4词句猜测细节理解细节理解细节理解推理判断旨大意

5推理判断推理判断细节理解推理判断细节理解词句猜测

6细节理解推理判断推理判断细节理解细节理解推理判断

7细节理解推理判断主旨大意推理判断推理判断推理判断

文体3说明文说明文说明文说明文记叙文说明文

8细节理解细节理解词句猜测细节理解推理判断推理判断

9推理判断推理判断细节理解词义猜测词义猜测推理判断

10细节理解细节理解细节理解推理判断推理判断推理判断

11推理判断推理判断主旨大意主旨大意推理判断标题判断

文体4说明文议论文夹叙夹议说明文议论文说明文

12细节理解主旨大意主旨大意细节理解推理判断细节理解

13推理判断推理判断细节理解细节理解推理判断细节理解

14细节理解词句猜测推理判断细节理解细节理解细节理解

15推理判断推理判断推理判断推理判断主旨大意推理判断

总结：从统计数据可以看出，近三年里面，全国高考英语试卷第一篇文章大多数设定为应

用文（通过细节理解题或者推理判断考察一些基本文章细节信息对应，基本上就是看到等

于答到，比较简单），偶尔考察说明文（类似于应用文，实用性强，同样都是考察关键信息

对应）第二篇文章设定为记叙文（文学性强，考察具体信息（时间，地点，人物，事件）

一一对应，若要考察难度题，一般为推理判断或者词义推断，这两种题目除了要求读者发

掘出文章关键信息还要求读者通过文章信息感悟理解主题甚至文章脉络）或者实用性比较

强的文体（由于其行文逻辑比较简单，所以加入主旨大意理解题这种难度题，要求读者更

加深层次理解文章）；第三篇文章同样都是考察实用性强的说明文，偶尔考察记叙文；第四

篇文章主要考察的是议论文（要求读者发掘论点，论据，论证等文章要素，深层次考核读

者的文学素养（即对词句理解能力），偶尔考察说明文。综上所述，从第一到第四篇文章分

析，看出难度（从简单到困难）逐步上升，建议想拿高分的同学们除了懂得了解文体还要

求提升自己文学素养（词汇量（熟词僻义，大纲词汇，短语），长难句（嵌套的多种句型，

非谓语动词），文章逻辑（句间逻辑，段落逻辑））

第二部分阅读文章信息七选五

年份2023甲2023乙2022甲2022乙2021甲2021乙

文体说明文说明文说明文应用文应用文说明文

1末句题句间题句间题末句题句间题段落首句

2句问题末句题末句题句间题句间题句问题

3句间题间接引语句间题段落首句小标题段落首句

4小标题句末题段落首句小标题句间题末句题

5间接引语间接引语句间题段落首句句问题句间题

总结：七选五一般的文章体裁属于实用性比较强的说明文或者应用文，一般考核的是文章

行文逻辑（段落逻辑，句间逻辑，例证作用）

第三部分各题型解题逻辑分享：（以2023年高考英语甲卷为例）

建议：无论文章是什么题材，建议先看题目后看文章。因为这样做更加有利于我们运用解

题技巧得高分

细节题解题技巧:圈画题干关键词（专有名词（大写），数字，实词），回文定位关键信息（e.g:

比较级，最高级，指代,now,因果，转折，并列......）

一定要多点关注同意替换，也就是说英语近义词替换

1.WhatdoIssayaSiameseClubhaveinmon?

A.Theyadoptmoderncookingmethods.B.TheyhavebranchesinLondon.

C.Theyhavetopclasschefs.D.Theyarebasedinhotels.

Nahm

OfferingThaifinedining.NahmprovidesthebestofBangkokculinary（烹饪的）experiences.

It'stheonlyThairrestaurantthatranksamongthetop10oftheword's50bestrestaurantslist.

Chef

IssaysStameseClub

IssayaSiameseClubisintematoionallyknownThaicheftanKittichni'sfirstflagship

Bangkokrestnu/Rnt.ThemenuinthisbeautifulcolonialhouseincludestraditionalThaicuisine

binedwithmodemcookingmethods.

2.Whichrestaurantoffersalargesetmenu?

A.Gaggan.B.Bo.tan.C.IssayaSiameseClub.D.Nahm.

Bo.tan

Bo.tanhasbeenmakingwavesinBangkok'sculinarysencesinceitopenedin2009.Serving

hardtofindThaidishesinanelegantatmosphere,therestaurantistruetoThaicuisine'sroots,yet

stillmanagestoaddaspecialtwist.Thisplaceisgoodforacandlelitdinneroraworkmeeting

withcolleagueswhoappreciatefinefood.Forthoseextremelyhungrythere9salargesetmenu.

（解题关键：定位后发现代词的指代）

3.WhatisspecialaboutGaggan?

A.IthiresstafffromIndia.B.Itputsonaplayeveryday.

C.Itserveshardtofindlocaldishes.D.Itshowsthecookingprocessto

guests.

Gaggan

Earningfirstplaceonthelates"Asia's50bestrestaurants^^list,progressiveIndianrestaurant

Gagganisoneofthemostexcitingvenues（场所）toarriveinBangkokinrecentyears.Thebest

tableinthistwostorycolonialThaihomeoffersawindowrightintothekitchen,whereyou

canseechefGagganandhisstaffinaction.Culinarytheateratitsbest.

解题关键（定位后发现同义替换（注意：一般情况下，文章出现比较级或者最高级都是会

出题的，往往是解题关键）thespecial=thebest

6.HowdidTerriavoidlosingthedepositonthehouse（shercnlcd,定语修饰the

house）?

A,Bymakingitlooklikebefore.B.Byfurnishingitherself.

C.Bysplittingtherentwitharoommate.D.Bycancelingtherentalagreement.

Terri,whonowrentsabhousewithfriendsinWandsworth,SouthWestLondon,saysDIY

alsosavesherfromlosinganydepositwhena（租期）estoanend.Sheadds:"I've

movedhousemanytimesandIalwaysliketopersonalisemyroomandputuppictures.So,it's

beenusefultoknowhowtocoverupholesandrepaintaroomtoavoidanychargeswhen

I'vemovedout.”

解题关键：根据题干人物所做的事情，回文定位到文章第三段，同义替换whenIhavemoved

out=befbre,提示一下啊，如果文章段落里面存在句间因果关系，一定要多留意，这是出题

的地方。

7.WhattrendinDIYdoestheresearchshow?

A.Itisbeingmorecostly.B.Itisgettingmoretimeconsuming.

C.Itisturningintoaseasonalindustry.D.Itis口aininci）oi）ularitvamonc

females.

WithmillionsofpeoplelikelytotakeonDIYprojectsoverthatingweeks,newresearch

showsthatmorethanhalfofpeopleareplanningtomakethemostofthelong,warmsummer

daystogetjobsdone.Theaveragespendperprojectwillbearound£823.Twothirdsofpeople

aimtoimprovetheirfbrtwhileathome.Twofifthwishtoincreasethevalueoftheirhouse.

ThoughDIYhastraditionallybeenseenasmalehobby,theresearchshowsitiswomennow

leadingthecharge.

8.Whofortheauthor?

A.Foucault.B.EricWeiner.

C.JosteinGaarder.D.Acollegeteacher.

Iwasabout13whenanunclegavemeacopyofJosteinGaarder\Sophie\World.Itwas

fullofideasthatwerenewtome,soIspentthesummerwithmyheadinandoutofthatbook,

spoketomeand二

10.WhatdoesaboutTheSocratesExpress?

A.Itsviewsonhistoryarewellpresented.

B.Itsideascanbeappliedtodailylifb.

C.Itincludesmentsfromreaders.

D.Itleavesanopenending.

Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencitiesandthenframeseach

philosopher'sworkinthecontext（背景）ofonethingtheycanhelpusdobetter.Theendresultis

areadinwhichwelearntowonderlikeSocrates,seelikeThoreau,listenlikeSchopenhauer,and

havenoregretslikeNietzsche.This,morethanabookaboutundestandingphilosophy,isa

bookahourlearningtousephilosophytoimprovealife.

12.HowdoAmericans?

A.Theycausemixedfeelingsinpeople.

B.Theyshouldbekeptinnationalparks.

C.Theyareofhighscientificvalue.

D.TheyareasymbolofAmericanculture.

Grizzlybears,whichmaygrowtoabout2.5mlongandweighover400kg,occupya

conflictedcorneroftheAmericanpsychewerevere（敬畏）themevenastheygiveus

frighteningdreams.AskthetouristsfromaroundtheworldthatfloodintoYellowstoneNational

Parkwhattheymosthopetosee,andtheiranswerisoftenthesame:agrizzlybear.

14.WhathasstoppedtheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicefromdelistinggrizzlies?

A.TheODDOsitionofconservationgroups.

B.Thesuccessfulebackofgrizzlies.

C.Thevoiceofthebiologists.

DThelocalfarmers9advocates.

Today,thereareabout2,000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU.S.Theirrecoveryhasbeenso

successfulthattheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtodelistgrizzlies,which

wouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.Botheffortswereoverturned（推

翻）duetolawsuitsfromconservationgroups.Fornow,grizzliesremainlisted.

词句判断题：

4.Whichisclosestinmeaningto“adabhand^^inparagraph1?

A.Anartist.B.Awinner.C.Aspecialist.D.A

pioneer.

TerriBoltonisadabhandwhenitestoDIY（doityourself）.Skilledatputtingupshelvesand

piecingtogetherfurniture,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.

小提示一下：词句猜测题完全可以当完形填空来完成，判断词性或者句子成分，然后将各个

选项进行匹配就可以了；或者就是通过上下文结合进行分析，一般情况下留意上下文动作的

去向。

推理判断：推理判断严格来说不算是推理题，如果题干没有出现inH/guess这类词，请按着

细节理解题来进行解题

5.WhydidTerri'sgrandfathergiveher£5aday?

A.Forabirthdaygift.B,Asatreatforherwork.

C.TosupportherDIYprojects.D.Toencouragehertotakeupahobby.

ShecreditstheseskillstoherlategrandfatherandbuilderDerekLloyd.Fromtheageofsix,

Terri,now26,aepaniedDerektoworkduringherschoolholidays.Aday'sworkwasrewarded

with£5inpocketmoney.Shesays:'TmsureIwasn'tmuchofahelptostartwithpaintingthe

roomsandputtingdowntheflooringthroughoutthehouse.Ittookweeksandiswasbackbreaking

work,butIknowhewasproudofmyskills.^^

9.Whydoestheauthorinparagraph4?

A.TopareWeinerwiththem.

B.Togiveexamplesofgreatworks.

C.Topraisetheirwritingskills.

D.ToreadersunderstandWeinersbook

Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencitiesandthenframeseach

philosopher'sworkinthecontext（背景）ofonethingtheycan.Theendresult

isareadinwhichwelearntowonderlikeSocrates,seelikeThoreau,listenlikeSchopenhauer,

andhavenoregretslikeNietzsche.This,morethanabookaboutundestandingphilosophy,isa

bookabourlearningtousephilosophytoimprovealife.

11.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofWeinersbook?

A.Objectiveandplain.

B.Daringandambitious.

C.Seriousandhardtofollow.

D.Humorousandstraightforward

Hemakesphilosophicalthoughtanappealingexercisethatimprovesthequalityofour

,andhedoessowithplentyofhumor.Weinerentersintoconversationwithsomeof

themostimportantphilosophersinhistory,andhebeespartofthatcrowdintheprocessby

decoding（解读）theirmssagesandaddinghisowninterpretation.

TheSocratesExpressisafun,sharpbookthatdrawsreadersin

graduallypullsthemindeeperthoughtsondesire,loneliness,andaging.Theinvitationis

clear:Weinerwantsyoutopickupacoffeeorteaandsitdownwiththisbook.Iencourageyouto

takehisoffer.Ifsworthyourtime,eveniftimeissomethingwedon'thavealotof.

13.Whathashelpedtheincreaseofthegrizzlypopulation?

A.TheEuropeansettlers*behavior.

B.Theexpansionofbears'range.

C.Theprotectionbylawsince1975.

D.ThesupportofNativeAmericans.

ThewesternhalfoftheU.S.wasfullofgrizzlieswhenEuropeanscame,witharoughnumberof

50,000ormorelivingalongsideNativeAmericans.Bytheearly1970s,aftercenturiesofcrueland

continuoushuntingbysettlers,600to800grizzliesremainedonamere2percentoftheirformer

rangeintheNorthernRockies.In1975,grizzlieswerelistedundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct

（濒危动物法案）.

Today,thereareabout2,000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU.S.Theirrecoveryhasbeenso

successfulthattheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtodelistgrizzlies,which

wouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.Botheffortswereoverturneddueto

lawsuitsfromconservationgroups.Fornow,grizzliesremainlisted.

这个题目涉及文章主体推导，原本很多，后来定居者猎杀，然后1975在法律保护下列作濒

危动物，至今增长了很多灰熊。

15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Foodshouldbeprovidedforgrizzlies.

B.Peoplecanliveinharmonywithgrizzlies.

C.Aspecialpathshouldbebuiltfbrgrizzlies.

D.Technologycanbeintroducedtoprotectgrizzlies.

Obviously,ifprecautions（预防）aren'ttaken,grizzliescanbeetroublesome,sometimes

killingfarmanimalsorwalkingthroughyardsinsearchoffood.Ifpeopleremovefoodand

attractantsfromtheiryardsandcampsites,grizzlieswilltypicallypassbywithouttrouble.Putting

electricfencingaroundchickenhousesandotherfarmanimalquartersisalsohighlyeffectiveat

gettinggrizzliesaway."Ourhopeistohaveaclean,attractantfreeplacewherebearscanpass

throughwithoutlearningbadhabits,“saysJamesJonkel,longtimebiologistwhomanages

bearsinandaroundMissoula.

第二部分七选五阅读

TricksToBeingAPatientPerson

Here'sariddle:Whatdofbravacationtostartallhavein

mon?There*soneanswer.16.G.They'realluatiwherewecouldusealittleextra

patience①堵车排长队等待人们需要的是patience耐心，请选择与patience有关的选项，剩

下E,F②同义替换

IntheDigitalAge,we'reusedtohavingwhatweneedimmediatelyandrightaiourfingertips.

However,researchsuggeststhatifwepracticedpatience,we'dbeawholelotbetteroff.Hereare

severaltricks.

•Practicegratitude（感激）

Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandeven

moreoptimistic.17,E.Itcanalsohelpuspracticemore