2023届山东省部分市高三英语一模试题分类汇编：阅读理解

2023届山东省部分市高三英语一模试题分类汇编

阅读理解

2023届山东省济宁市高考一模英语试题

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

'Twassleepingonthestreetforninedays.Ifitweren,tforCrisis,Imighthavedied,^^said

Eddie,whowasachefforyears,workinginluxurioushotelsinLondon.Helosthisjobandhis

healthdeclined.Hespentallhissavingsonrentandwasforcedtoleavehishomewhentheyranout.

Hestayedwithafriend,butitwascrowded,andhisfriendeventuallyaskedhimtoleave.Eddie

foundoutaboutCrisisbychanceandwasreferredtoaCrisisatChristmashotel.

EddiewasgivenaCrisiscoach,whosupportedhiminfindingsomewheretoliveandhewas

givenaphone,whichheusedtolookforwork.Eddieissettledinhisnewhome.Hishealth

conditionismuchbetterandheislookingforwardtothefuture.

Rightnowthousandsofpeopleatthesharpendofpovertyarebeingpushedintohomelessness.

Peoplearebeingleftwithnooptionsthantogowithoutbasicslikefood,heatingorkeepingaroof

overtheirheads.

Pleasedonatetodaytoendsomeone,shomelessnessandsupporttoleavehomelessnessbehind

forgood.

£10monthlycouldprovideawarmwelcomeandhelpsomeonetaketheirfirstStepsoutof

homelessness.

•£32monthlycouldhelpfundone-to-onespecialistcoachinginhousing,benefits,well-being

andwork.

£64monthlycouldhelpfundoneofoursupportworkerstoassistsomeonetrappedin

temporaryaccommodationinlookingforaffordableandsettledhousing.

•£100monthlycouldbuyahouseholdstarterkit,filledwithessentialssomeonemightnotbe

abletoafford,tohelpthemsettleintotheirnewhome.

Pleasesearch'CrisisatChristmas,tomakeyourdonation.Hereishow:

（口08009992060⅛oRoom006,Freepost,CrisisatChristmas

恒^SCantheQRcode

withyourphone

cameratodonate

1.WhatisCrisisatChristmas?

A.Ahotel.B.Ahealthcenter.

C.Anemploymentagency.D.Acharityorganization.

2.Whatdifferencecanyoumaketoabeneficiarywithadonationof£32monthly?

AHelpingrentaluxurioushouse.

B.Helpingthrowawelcomeparty.

C.Helpingbuyhouseholdnecessities.

D.Helpinggetpersonalizedguidance.

3Howmanywaysaretheretomakeadonation?

A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.

B

Bard,Kinetic（CoffeeHousePress,2023）byAnneWaldman,oneofthemostimportantliving

Americanpoets,isanewcollectionofautobiographical（自传体的）pieces,includingpublished

andunpublishedessays,correspondence,interviews,andpoemsfromthelast20years.

Thoughtheoriginofthetextsandpoemsisrelativelyrecent,Bard,KinetictracksWaldman,s

lifefromherchildhoodinGreenwichVillagetothepresent.Ratherthanamemoir（回忆录）,this

energeticcollectionintegratesherstoriesintocontexts——literary,political,spiritual,familial.

InSketch,thefirstandlongestpieceinthebook,Waldmandescribeswhatguidedhertopoetry

fromanearlyage—Herintellectualandartisticparentsencouragedherςςtoreadwidely,towrite,

think,talkaboutit,becuriousandcritical.^^ReadingSketchforitswonderfulautobiographical

detailsandthesuccessfulmomentsthatrunthroughWaldman⅛lifeisapleasure.InInterviewwith

Poetas,Madrid2018,anotherpiecefromthebook,ssecondsection,shewrote,ςςWeneedcultural

andhumanitarianrevolution.Weneedpoetrytoremindusofthemagicwehavehadthatneeds

attendanceandrecharge.^^Hervoiceandvisionhaveacollectivewidth.

Waldmaninsistsoncombiningartwithnearlyeveryaspectofherlife.BardKinetic,atall

points,ahigh-energyconstruct,andatallpoints,anenergy-discharge,putsreadersonthepathto

recognizingpoetryasamentalaid,asanactionthatreachesacrossgeography,species,andtime.As

shewroteinthebook,spreface,shecommandsherselfto“keeppushingforknowledge,studywith

adeeperinvestigationandadeeperaction.Theaction,totallynecessary”.Thesearehighaimsthat

Waldmanhasinsistedon,tirelessly,herentirelife.Waldmanshines.HerheartCoUIdbeOUrheart.

ThisnewbookisbestreadasacompanionofVbwtoPoetiy(2001),Waldman,sprevious

collectionofinterviewsandautobiographicalessays,whichwillhelpreadersappreciatethisbook

better.

4.WhatdoWeknowaboutBard,KineticbyWaldman?

A.Itisamemoir.B.Itdocumentsherlifeandwork.

C.Itisherfirstcollectionofpoems.D.ItistobeissuedbyCoffeeHouse

Press.

5.What,sthepurposeofparagraph3?

A.Toaddrelevantbackgroundinformation.

B.Tohelpreadersgainpartialinsightintothebook.

C.Topersuadereaderstoconductselectivereading.

D.TointroduceWaldman,swritingstyles.

6.Whatisimpliedintheunderlinedsentence44Herheartcouldbeourheart."inparagraph4?

A.Weshouldsticktoourgoals.

B.Weshouldlearnpoemsbyheart.

CWeshouldseekfameandwealth.

D.Weshouldenjoylifetoourhearts,content.

7.Whafsthetext?

A.Adiaryentry.B.Anewsreport.

C.Abookreview.D.Anautobiography.

C

Manyimportantdecisionsboildowntoachoicebetweenkeepingthesupposedsafetyand

riskinggoingoutforachanceatgettingsomethingevenbetter.Thoughrisk-takingpreferencesvary

betweenindividuals,researchwithhumansshowsthatwe,reallgenerallylesswillingtotakerisks

insituationswithmoreambiguous（模糊的）outcomes.uThefindingshouldalsoapplyto

risk-takinginchimps（黑猩猩），Oneofourclosestevolutionary（进化的）ancestors,,,saidHaux,

fromMaxPlanckInstituteforHumanDevelopment.

Totesttheevolutionaryrootsofhumanriskpreference,Hauxandhiscolleaguesmeasured55

chimpslivinginreservesfortheirriskyandambiguouschoicesinanexperimentalsetting.Ineach

trial,theychoseaballfromoneoftwopots.Onepotwasalwayssafebecauseitcontainedtwoballs

filledwithonepeanuteach.Intheriskycondition,thesecondpotalsocontainedtwoballs,butone

wasfilledwithtwopeanutsandtheotherwithnothing.Intheambiguouscondition,theballsinthe

secondpotstillcontainedtworewardsornothing,butthecontentsinthepotwasentirelyinvisible

tothechimps.

Onaverage,chimpschosetheriskypotoverthesafepot55%ofthetimebutchosethe

ambiguouspotoverthesafepotinjust25%oftrials.Thissuggeststhatchimps,likehumans,prefer

toavoidsituationswithambiguousversusknownrisks.

''Structuralsimilaritiesinriskpreferencesofhumansandoneofourclosestlivingrelativesare

likelytoreflectadaptationstosimilardynamicsinevolution.Whilemanyotherfactorsmay

in∩uencehumanrisk-takingpreferences,theParaHeISbetweenhumanandchimpbehaviorsuggest

thatevolutionaryadaptionshavehelpedsetaconsistentbaseline/Hauxsaid.

Futureworkwillcomparehowtherisk-takingpreferencesofchimpslivinginreservesmay

differfromthoselivinginzoosorinthewild,aswellashowtheycomparetothoseofbonobos,

anothercloseevolutionaryrelativeofhumans,Hauxadded.

8.Whywastheresearchonriskpreferenceconductedonchimps?

A.Totesttheirintelligencelevel.

B.Toguidethemtomakewisedecisions.

C.Toprovetheevolutionaryconsistency.

D.TodistinguisheachindividuaΓsdifference.

9.Whichillustratestheriskyconditionintheexperimentalsetting?

A.O

B.®o

PotIPoi2Po<1Pot2

c.©®@®d.©@OO

Ol

PalP2Po∣Ipo<2

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“parallels”inparagraph4probablymean?

A.Conflicts.B.Interactions.

C.Misunderstandings.D.Similarities.

11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Therangeofthesubjectswillbeextended.

B.Hauxissatisfiedwiththecurrentresearch.

C.Bonobosareacloseevolutionaryrelativeofhumans.

DTheresearchtopicwillbeshiftedintoanotherfield.

D

Withlunarexplorationrocketing,itposesmanychallenges.Amongthemisafundamental

questionmetrologists（计量学家）worldwideareworkingtoanswer:whattimeisitontheMoon?

TheMoondoesn,tcurrentlyhaveanindependenttime.Eachlunarmissionusesitsown

timescaletocoordinateduniversaltime,orUTC—thestandardagainstwhichtheearth,sclocksare

set.TheapproachworkswhentheMoonhostsahandfulofindependentmissions,butitwillbea

problemwhentherearemultiplecraftworkingtogether.Spaceagencieswillalsowanttotrackthem

usingsatellitenavigation,whichreliesonprecisetimingsignals.

Themostpressingneedforlunartimecomesfromplanstocreateadedicatedglobalnavigation

satellitesystem（GNSS）fortheMoon.Ibtacklethisproblem,representativesofspaceagenciesand

academicorganizationsworldwidemetinNovember2022tostartdraftingrecommendationson

howtodefinelunartime.

Defininglunartimeisnotsimple.AccordingtotheSpecialTheoryofRelativity,clockstick

slowerinstrongergravitationalfields.TheMoon,sgravitationalpullisweakerthanEarth,s,

meaningalunarclockwouldrunfasterthananEarthone.

Definingalunarstandard,withwhichallclocksarecompared,willinvolveinstallingatleast

threemasterclocksthattickattheMoon,snaturalpace,andwhoseoutputiscombinedbyan

algorithm（算法）togenerateamoreaccurateςvirtuaΓtimepiece.

Whathappensthendependsonwhichoptionmetrologistschoose.Theymightdecidetobase

lunartimeonUTC.Thealternativewouldbetousethesynthesized（同步）outputofthelunar

atomicclocksastheMoon,sownindependent,continuoustime,andtotrackitsrelationshiptoUTC.

Thatway,eveniftheconnectionwithEarthislost,clocksontheMoonwillstillagreewitheach

other,allowingsafenavigationandcommunications.

Settinglunartimeispartofamuchbiggerpicture.Itwillonedayworkforthemore-distant

planetsthatspaceagenciesareultimatelytargeting,suchasMars.

12.What,sthemainideaofparagraph2?

A.TheworkingprincipleofUTC.

B.Theachievementsofspacemission.

C.Theurgencytodevelopsatellitenavigation.

D.Theproblemofcurrentlunartimingmethod.

13.Whatisthemajorbaπ^iertodefininglunartime?

A.Lackofprofessionalguidance.

B.Thedisagreementamongmetrologists.

C.DifferentgravitationalpullontheMoon.

D.Thecomplexityofinstallingmasterclocks.

14.What,stheadvantageofdefiningtheMoon,sindependenttime?

A.KeepingtheclocksontheMooncorresponding.

B.PreventingspacecraftlosingconnectionwiththeEarth.

C.Helpinghumanslandonthemore-distantplanets.

D.MakingiteasiertosynchronizewithUTCallthetime.

15.What,sthebesttitleofthetext?

A.WhatTimeIsItontheMoon?

B.WhenwillManSettleontheMoon?

C.Lunarexploration:ACareerBoundtoRevive

D.GNSS:AMorePreciseLunarTrackingSystem

2023届山东省日照市高考一模英语试题

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

PoetryContest

Thecontestisopentoanyoneagedthirteenandupwhowritespoetry.Enteryourpoemfora

freechancetowinprizes!Youcansubmitapoemonanytopic,employingwhateverstyleyou

prefer.

Information

Noentryfeeisrequiredforthecontest.Themaincontestisheldtwiceayear.Contestdatesare

January1—June30andJuly1-December31.Allwinnerswillreceivealetterandtheirprizevia

regularmail.Thefirstplacewinnerwillbecontactedbyphoneoremailandaskedtocallouroffice

toconfirmtheiridentitybeforetheirprizeismailed.Assoonasthecompletelistofwinnersis

drawnup,itwillbepostedonthehomepage.

Rules

•OnlysubmitONEpoem,ONEtime.Onlyonepoemperhouseholdwillbeaccepted.

•Poemmustbe26linesorfewer,includingstanzabreaksbutnotincludingthetitle,andlines

maybenomorethan55charactersacross,includingspaces.

•Donotuseςςtexting^^lingo.Properlyspelloutallwordsandtypingthefirstwordofeachlinein

capitalletter.

•AllpoemsmustbewritteninEnglish.

Prizes

Bothcontestsawardonefirstplaceprizeof$2,000.00andafirstprizewallplaque(K

牌)($100.00value);twentysecondplaceprizesof$100.00eachandasecondplacewall

plaque(S75.00value);onehundredthirdplacewinnersofathirdplacegiftcertificate(S25.00

value).Sixtytoseventypercentofallentriesbecomesemi-finalistsandreceiveacertificateof

participationsuitableforframing.

1.Whatdoweknowaboutthepoetrycontest?

A.Itisafreecontest.B.Anyonecanenterforit.

C.Allpoemswillbepublished.D.Eachcontestantwillgetareward.

2.Whichofthefollowingwillcausedisqualification?

A.Submittingonepoem.B.Composingapoemof23lines.

C.WritingapoeminEnglish.D.Typingthepoemincapitalletters.

3.Whatwillbeawardedtoathirdplacewinner?

A.Awallplaque.B.Agiftcertificate.C.$25.00.D.$75.00.

B

ElieWieselandhiswife,Marion,establishedTheElieWieselFoundationforHumanitysoon

afterhewasawardedthe1986NobelPrizeforPeace.EllenDeGenereswouldbeagreatcandidate

fortheHumanitarianoftheYearAward.

DeGeneresisoutstandinginherawarenessofthoseinneed.Itisintheςhow,Ellengivesthat

makesherexceptionalinkindness.Prezi.comwrote,ςςEllenDeGenereshasmadeapositiveimpact,

ontheworldbyhelpingcancerpatients.EllenDeGenereshelpedTaliawithherlastdyingwishto

becomeamake-upartistandgavehera$20,000checkjustmonthsbeforeshedied.^^Additionally,

nearlyonadailybasis,sheprovidestothoseinneed:acarforafamilythatlosteverythingto

HurricaneSandy;anewcarand$15,000Sam,sClubgiftcardtoafamilythatsoldanything

necessarytohavethemoneytoadoptfourboysfromGhana.Thesearejustafewofthethousandsof

peopleinneedthatEllenhashelped.

AccordingtoLooktothestars.org,Ellensupports44charitiesand30causes.WithBenAf∏eck,

DeGenereslaunchedtheςςSmaIlChangeCampaign^^tobenefittheFeedingAmericaprogram,

whichaidsAmericansthatcannotaffordfood.EllencontinueshersupportoftheHurricaneKatrina

ReliefFundthroughtheAmericanRedCross.FundraisingforbreastcanceristhefocusoftheEllen

fortheCurecampaign,runduringOctober,sBreastCancerAwarenessMonthonhertelevision

show.

DeGeneres5effortstohelpthehomelessaresubstantialaswell.FoxNewsfirstreportedthe

stoιyofDerrickWaltonlastFebruary.Hewentfrombeinghomelessonthestreetstofeeding

thousandsofhomelesspeople.AfterDeGeneresheardaboutthestory,shebroughthimtoappearon

hershowwherehereceiveda$10,000checkandpromisedtokeephisoperationgoing.TheWalton

storyisjustoneofmanystoriesinwhichDeGenereshaslentahelpinghandtothehomelessand

madeahugedifference.

4.WhatcanweIeamaboutEllenfromParagraph2?

A.Sheestablishedawebsite.B.Shefoughtagainstdisasters.

C.Shealwayshelpstheneedy.D.Shehasadoptedfourchildren.

5.WhatdoestheCurecampaignaimtodo?

A.Raisemoneyforbreastcancer.B.Spreadtheprograminthemedia.

C.Distributemoneytothepatientdirectly.D.RelievefundthroughtheAmerican

RedCross.

6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeEllen?

A.Positiveandbrave.B.Politeandhonest.

C.Considerateandthoughtful.D.Generousandhelpful.

7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.WhyEllenDeGeneresdeservestheaward

B.WhowillberewardedtheNobelPrizeforPeace

C.WhatwebsitesreportedaboutEllenDeGeneres,stories

D.HowEllenDeGenereslaunchedSmallChangeCampaign

C

GreatSmokyMountainsNationalParkliesonbothsidesoftheborderbetweenNorthCarolina

andTennessee.ItshighestpeakiscalledςςClingmansDome,,∙Butbeforeitgotthatname,the

Cherokeepeoplecalledthemountain“Kuwahi".ItsitsonancestralCherokeehomelands.Sincethe

ancienttimes,thelandscape,includingmountainsandstreams,hasshapedthehistoryofCherokee

people.Theyusedthatnameforhundredsofyears.Now,tribalmembersarehopingtoreturntothe

Kuwahiname.

TheCherokeeNationoncespreadacrosswhatisnowGeorgia,NorthCarolina,Tennesseeand

Alabama,ɪn1838,thetribewasforciblyrelocatedtopresent-dayOklahoma—inwhatwaslater

knownasthe“TrailofTears,∖Throughsicknessandterribletravelconditions,nearly4,000

Cherokeepeoplediedduringtheforcedremovalfromtheirhomeland.SomeCherokeemanagedto

avoidrelocationtoOklahomabygoingintohiding,includingonKuwahi.ςςWe,reheretoday

becauseourancestorshidinthosemountains,specificallyinKuwahi,''HilIsaid.

ThenamechangeoftheCherokee,smountaincamein1859,whengeographerandprofessor

ArnoldHenryGuyotlabeledKuwahi44ClingmansDome”.ThepeakwasnamedafterThomas

LanierClingman,whowasastrongsupporterofslavery.Clingmanwasnotconnectedtothe

Cherokeepeopleinanyway.ςςNamingthemountainafterClingmaneraseseverythingthatthe

Cherokeepeopleareinordertorenameitaftersomeonewithzerotiestoourcommunity.Hedidn,t

evenlivehere,"saidHill.

InJune2022,YellowstoneNationalPark,sMountDoanewasrenamedtoFirstPeoples

Mountain.'4Thatwasahugevictoιyforourbrothersandsisters/9Hillsaid.tςIhopeit,sjustthe

beginningofaccuratelyrecognizingandhonoringnumeroushistoricallysignificantsitesfortribes

andnativepeoplenationwide.Thereweresomanyplacesthatwerespecialandimportanttonative

peoplepriortocolonization.Iwanttobethevoiceformypeople,formyancestors.”

8.WhatdotheCherokeepeopleintendtodoaccordingtoParagraphΓ?

A.Savetheirlanguage.B.GobacktotheirhomelandKuwahi.

C.Reshapetheirhistory.D.Changethenamebackto“Kuwahi”.

9.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?

A.ThesadhistoryoftheCherokeepeople.

B.TheshelteringplacefortheCherokeepeople.

C.ThecausesofthedecreaseoftheCherokeepeople.

D.ThetravelingrouteoftheancientCherokeeNation.

10.WhatdoesHillthinkof44ClingmansDome,,7

A.ItisrelatedtothecultureoftheCherokeepeople.

B.ItremindstheCherokeepeopleoftheirancestors.

C.ItremoveseverythingabouttheCherokeehistory.

D.ItreflectstheslavepositionoftheCherokeepeople.

11WhatdoesHillactuallymeaninthelastparagraph?

A.Toaddgreathonortoherancestors.B.Tomakehishomelandwell-known.

C.Ibexpresstheopinionsofherpeople.D.Tonamemorehistoricallysignificant

sites.

D

Setonaslopedplot（山坡）abovePragueinthecity,sTrojadistrict,VillaSophiahasnokeys,

nolightswitchesandapianothatcanplaybyitself.Thehousecanclosethewindowswhenitrains

andreadaloudmaterialsithasselectedfromtheInternet,basedontheowners,interests.

“Thehouseislikeabrain,,,saidMichaelaPankova,whosharesthehomewithherhusband,

KarelPanek,andtheirdaughters."Itmakesdecisionsforyoubasedonpreviousexperience.^^The

home,designedbythePrague-basedfirmCollColl,isintendedtogobeyondautomatedto

autonomous.tςAsWesay,ifwehavetocontrolitourselves,it,snotsmartenough,,,saidMr.Panek,

acomputerscientist.

Thecouplewantednocompromisesinqualityandefficiency.Whentheycouldn,tfinda

technologythatmettheirstandards,Mr.Panek,thebrainbehindhishome,sbrain,designedhisown

system.Whilefamilymembersgoabouttheirdailylives,thesystemcollectsdataandevaluatesthat

datainrealtime,thencomesupwithsolutionsandimplements(实施)them.Itcanacceptdeliveries

whenthefamilyisn,the,thankstoindividualdoorfromafarandvaluationofthehome,sexternal

context.Itcanpreheatthedrivewaytoclearsnowandice(butonlyifitpredictsitsuse,saving

energyotherwise)andlockthedoors.

Putenergyhomesecurityandconvenienceaside,thesystem'sbenefitisthatindeveloping

beyondasmarthomesystemtoasmarthomeitfreethehomeownerfromtheburdenofconstant

control.

Mr.Panekcallshimselfatechnologyoptimist,andMrs.Pankovasaidittookhersometimeto

WramUPtothesystem.uInthebeginningIwasn'tintotheideaoflivinginanAIhouse,,,shesaid.

“Duringthetimeofthepreparationandlatertheconstruction,Islowlystartedtobeopentothe

idea."

12.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthehousefromParagraph1?

A.Itislocatedatthefootofahill.B.Itoperatesautomatically.

C.Itfreesthefamilyfromwindandrain.D.Itispoorlyequippedwithfurniture.

13Whodidsomeextraworktoimprovethecontrolsystemofthehouse?

A.ColIColl.B.Mrs.Pankova.C.Mr.Panek.D.The

couple,skids.

14.Whatisthebestadvantageofthesmarthome?

A.Pickingupdeliveries.B.Savingenergy.

C.Preheatingthedriveway.D.Removingthetaskofconstant

control.

15.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“warmupto"probablymeaninthelastparagraph?

A.Applyto.B.Adaptto.C.Tumto.D.Keepto.

2023届山东省泰安市高考一模英语试题

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Thegiftthatneverstopsgiving

Peoplearegoingforgiftsthatarereusedtimeandtimeagain,（whilealsosavingmoney）,gifts

thathaverecyclablepackaging,ortherecyclableelementsincludedwithinthem.Oneofthebest

optionsistogoforagreenhamper（篮子）.

Gifthamperscanbereused

Thefactthatgreenitemsarefrequentlyreusableisoneoftheirmainadvantages.Withagreen

hamper,youcanreuseeverythingthatwasinsideofit,includingthecontainer.Manygreenhampers

areavailableinwicker（柳条）baskets,allowingyoutokeepthepresentforalongtimeandreuseit

forotherpurposes.

Gifthampersareeco-friendly

AlotofpeopleareworriedabouttheenvironmentandreducingCo2emissions（排放）.Thisis

whygreenhampersarebecomingmorepopular.Typically,businessesthatsellgreenbasketswill

guaranteethattheitemsinsidethemweremanufacturedbyhandorinfacilitieswithminimumCO2

emissions.However,thewickerbasketsaremorebreakableitems.

Howtoreusewickerbaskets

Whynotkeepaselectionofpottedplantsinyourwickerbasket?Thiswilllookgreatinyour

diningroom.Withawickerbasketforinstance,placeindividualtoiletries,towels,andblanketson

thehamperforpresentationinyourguests,rooms.Youcangiveyourvisitorsawarm,ςςhotel

inspired^^feeling.

Givingsomeoneanawesomegifthamperthatisalsoeco-friendlyconveysauniquemessageto

therecipientbecausetherearesomanyoptionsforgiftbaskets,youcanfillthemasyouchoose.

Thisiswhygreenhampersinparticulararedominatingthemarket.

1.Whatisprobablytheconcernofpeoplewhochoosehampers?

A.Comfort.B.Expense.C.Security.D.Beauty.

2.Whichcanbestdescribetheadvantagesofgreenhampers?

A.Reusableandtough.B.Popularandcostly.

C.Multipurposeandrecyclable.D.Ever-lastingandeco-friendly.

3.Whatistheauthor,sattitudetothepopularizationofgreenhampers?

A.Favorable.B.Intolerant.C.Doubtful.D.Unclear.

B

Therehavebeennumerousattemptstocreateanall-plasticbike.Butmosthaveneverpassed

throughtheprototypestage（原始阶段）.Igus,aGermany-basedmanufacturerofhigh-performance

plastics,andDutchstart-upMTRLaimtochangethatwiththeigus:bike-theworld,sfirsturban

bikecraftedalmostentirelyfromrecycledplastic.

IgusCEOFrankBlasefirstgottheideawhilevacationingonaFloridabeachin2009.A

conversationwithsomeemployeesfromarentalcompanymadehimawareofthechallengesof

maintainingbeachbicycles.Thecontinuousexposuretosandwindandsaltwatercausedthebikes

torustrapidly.Manyhadtobereplacedinonlythreemonths.

Theigus:bike,unveiledataGermantradeshow,ismaintainableandrust-free.Itcanbeleft

outdoorsinallweathersanddoesnotrequirelubricantoil（润滑油）toreducefrictionbetweenparts.

Sinceitdoesnotattractsand,dustordirt,thebikecanbecleanedwithagardenhose（水管）in

seconds.

“Asallcomponentsaremadeofplastic,nopartofthebikerusts,eventhegears—bicycle

gearsmadeofplasticwereunthinkableforalongtime,,,Blasesays.

Theigus:bikewillalsohelpcombattheworld,splasticpollution.Thecompanysaysasingle

adultbikegivesnewlifetoabout16kilogramsofsingle-useplasticthatwouldotherwisechokeour

landfillsorwaterways.

Currently,90percentoftheigus:bikeismadeusingrecycledplastic.Thisincludesthe

bicycle,sframe,bearings,pedalsandwheelrims.IgusandMTRLbelievefutureversionswillbe

madeentirelyfromrecycledplastic.

44Fromoceanplasticstomotionplastics—theigus:bikeconcepthaswhatittakesto