Unit4NaturalDisastersDiscoveringUsefulStructures课件高一英语人教版

Grammar

AttributiveClause定语从句PartI

attributive

clause定语从句

PartIIrelativepronoun关系代词PartIIIexceptionalcases特殊情况Content目录1.Identifyattributiveclausesinsentencesandknowtheirfunctions;2.Userelativepronounsproperlyinasentence.LearningObjectives:(1.1)Whatistheattribute？

(定语)Oneofeightsentencemembers(八大句子成分之一)：主语（S:subject）谓语(V:verb)宾语(O:object)定语(attribute)

状语(adverbial)补语(complement)

表语(predicative)同位语(appositive)1.theattributiveclause定语从句(1.1)Whatistheattribute？

(定语)定语：定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。主要有形容词，此外还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式(短语)、分词、定语从句等相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语。1.theattributiveclause定语从句

somesmelly

gasa

hugecrackadeadlydisaster

theirrescueworkhershockitssurvivorsacityinruinsatownwithoutfactories

villagewellsrescueworkersgovernmentsupportoneminute10,000nurses150,000soldiers

thefallingleavespeopletrappedundertheruins

形容词作定语代词作定语介词短语作定语名词作定语数词作定语非谓语作定语（1.2）Whatistheattrbutiveclause？(定语从句)Sheisabeautifulgirl.Itisacoffeecup.ItisanMp3playerofgoodquality.Heisawriterwhocomesfromasmalltown.单词作定语时通常放在被修饰的词之前，作前置定语.短语和从句作定语时则放在被修饰的词之后，作后置定语.

Definition:Anattributiveclauseisadependantclauseusedtomodifyanounorapronouninthemainsentence.

(定语从句是在主句中用来修饰名词或代词的从句。)1.theattributiveclause定语从句先行词定语从句关系词e.g.Heisawriter

who

comesfromasmalltown.定语从句结构：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。引导定语从句的词。（引导词）先行词+关系词+从句1.theattributiveclause定语从句（1.3）thestructureoftheattributiveclause？(定语从句)关系词关系代词关系副词that

whichwho

when

Where

why

Relativewordswhose

whom

RelativepronounRelativeadverb1.theattributiveclause定语从句（1.4）relativewordsoftheattributiveclause定语从句关系找出如下从句的引导词和先行词。1.

Who

is

the

person

that

asked

for

me

just

now?2.

A

child

whose

parents

are

dead

is

called

an

orphan.3.

He

often

talked

about

the

artists

and

paintings

that

impressed

him

greatly.4.

Finally,

the

thief

handed

everything

that

he

had

stolen

to

the

police.5.

He

is

the

professor

whom

I

met

yesterday.6.He

is

the

soldier

whose

name

I

don’t

know.7.He

is

a

person

who

often

helps

me.8.The

house

which

you

saw

is

a

library.2.relativepronouns（关系代词）

Webookedtheflight[whichwascanceled.]

Thefish[

whichweate]were

fresh.主语/宾语物总结：which指

，在定语从句作

。2.relativepronouns关系代词2.1thinkandconclude:which

Theboy[whoissmiling]isTom.

Thisistheperson[whoItalkedto]justnow.主语/宾语人总结：who指

，在定语从句作

。2.relativepronouns关系代词2.2thinkandconclude:who,whom

Theboy[

whomIvisitedlastweek]isTom.

Theboy[whomIoftengoshoppingwith]isTom.宾语人总结：whom指

，在定语从句作

。

Aplaneisamachine[thatcanfly].

Thenoodles[that

Icooked]

weredelicious.

Thesoldiers[thatsavedmanypeople]arebrave.

Thegirl[thatwesawyesterday]

isJim’ssister.主语/宾语物总结：that指

，在定语从句作

。

that指

，在定语从句作

。2.relativepronouns关系代词2.3thinkandconclude:that人主语/宾语

The

house

[whose

door

faces

north]

is

our

teachers’

office.

Thisisthehouse[whosewindowbroke]lastnight.

Theboy[whosehairstyleisveryimpressive]isTom.

Theboy[whosefatherisadesigner]isMike.定语人/物总结：whose=

，指

，在定语从句作

。2.relativepronouns关系代词2.4thinkandconclude:whoseWhose=house’sWhose=house’s先行词’s(……的)Whose=boy’sWhose=boy’s关系代词指代在定语从句中所充当的成分人物句子主语宾语定语whichwhowhomthatwhose

2.relativepronouns关系代词—summary总结如何选择关系词：1.找出先行词，分清人或物。2.把先行词放进定语,看先行词在从句中充当什么成分。

一、语法填空：填入合适的关系词。

1.Theyplantedsometrees__________didn‘tneedmuchwater.

2.Sheisthegirl_______________livesnextdoor.

3.Thatwastheboy_______________Imetonthestreetyesterday.

4.Thisisthehouse____________windowbrokelastnight.

5.Doyouknowthethings__________theyaretalkingabout?

6.Chinaisacountry_________hasalonghistory.that/whichthat/whothat/who/whomwhosethat/whichwhich/thatPractice

二、将下列句子合并为含有定语从句的复合句。

Practice1.Thereweredeepcracks.Cracksappearedinthewellwalls.Thereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls.2.Thenumberofpeopleismorethan4,000.Peoplearekilledorinjuredinthequake.Thenumberofpeoplewhoarekilledorinjuredinthequakeismorethan4,0000.3.Workersbuildsheltersforsurvivors.Survivors’homesaredestroyed.Workersbuildsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomesaredestroyed.4.Thereisanearthquake.TheearthquakecausesdamageinBeijing.ThereisanearthquakethatcausesdamageinBeijing.Summary1.在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

引导定语从句的词叫关系词。从句.

主句.

（先行词）thatwhichwhowhomwhosewherehowwhy3.1ThinkandConclude：只能用that的情况1.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?2.Theonlything

thathecoulddowaswaiting.3.ThelastplacethattheyvisitedwasBeijing.4.ThisisthefirstfilmthatI’veeverseen.5.ThelastplacethattheyvisitedwasBeijing.6.Weweredeeplyimpressedbytheteachersandschoolsthatwehadvisited.7.Whoever

thatiscontentwithalittleprogresscan’tmakebig

achievements.8.Heisnolongerthemanthatheusedtobe.9.Thisisnolongerthedirtyplace(that)itusedtobe.3.1ThinkandConclude：只能用that的情况先行词是all,little,few,much,anything,everything,nothing,none,some等指物的不定代词；2.先行词被all,every,no,some,little,few,much,oneof,the

right

等所

修饰时；3.先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时；4.先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时；5.先行词中既有人又有物时；6.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。7.在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中,要用that。8.关系代词在定语从句中作表语只用that；3.1Tips：小技巧代:不定代词-something,little特：特指-theonly,thevery高：最高级-tallest,themostbeautiful序：序数词-thefirst,second,third双：指人又指物疑：已有who,which,what3.1Practice：1.Luckilynoneofthethings___________Iboughtweredestroyedintheearthquake.2.Soweshoulddoanything_________canhelpstopsmoking.3.Thefirstthing______Iamgoingtodoistostudyphysics.4.Jacktookphotosofthethingsandpeople_______hewasinterestedin.5.Thisistheveryroom________Isleptinthatevening.6.Thetownisnottheone__________thatitusedtobe.thatthatthatthatthatthat3.2ThinkandConclude：只能用which的情况1.Hegavemethreebooksoncooking,thefirstofwhichIenjoyedmost.(宾语)2.Idon’tlikethatwhichhedid.（宾语）3.Intimesofemergency,makeanefforttokeepcalm,whichmattersmost.（主语）4.Gina’s

dog,which

wasveryoldnow,becameillanddied.（主语）关系代词前有介词,先行词指物时,只能用which;(关系代词前有介词,先行词指人时,只能用whom);先行词本身就是that或者两个定语从句中的一个已用that时。指代完整的一件事时,只能用which;引导非限定性定语从句时（有逗号时）;3.2Practice：Hehadabadcold,becauseof________hedidn’tattendthemeeting.What’sthat________lookslikeadog.Hedidn’tpasstheexam,__________madehismotherangry.Shewantsapet,________cankeephercompanyeveryday.whichwhichwhichwhich3.3ThinkandConclude：只能用who的情况1.Thosewho

wanttogotothecinemawillhavetowaitatschool.2.Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.3.Anyonewhobreakstheruleswouldbepunished.当先行词为指人的those,these时,只能用who；先行词是人称代词（he,she…）时，关系代词常用who;先行词为指人的one,someone,anyone,everyone,noone,somebody,anybody,

everybody等不定代词时，关系代词用who;3.3Practice：Successbelongstothose________arehardworking.Iwanttohelpher________iskind.Everybody________receivestherewardareextremelyhappy.whowhowho3.4tensesofattributiveclauses定语从句时态：Theprofessorwho

isvisitingourschoolnowisfromCanada.1.TheprofessorisfromCanada.Heisvisitingourschool.2.TheprofessorisfromCanada.Hewillvisitourschooltomorrow.Theprofessor

who

willvisitourschooltomorrowisfromCanada.3.TheprofessorisfromCanada.Hevisitedourschoollastweek.Theprofes