2024届上海闵行区高三一模英语试卷及答案

2024届第一学期高三年级学业质量调研

英语学科

（考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分）

考生注意：

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I.ListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendof

eachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthe

questionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthe

fourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecide'whichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyou

haveheard.

1.A.Inagrocerystore.B.Atthewedding.C.Inarestaurant.D.Atacafe.

2.A.£120.B.£160.C.£180.D.£240.

3.A.Bytakingtrains.B.Bytakingcoaches.C.Byrentingacar.D.Bytakingataxi.

4.A.Exhausting.B.Pleasant.C.Boring.D.Educational.

5.A.Thewoman'stourtoZhejiangprovince.B.Thewoman'suniversitylife.

C.Thewoman5simpressionofthemuseum.D.Thewoman'suniversitytour.

6.A.Sheistootiredtoenjoythefilm.B.Shehasseenthefilmbefore.

C.Sheiseagertoseethenewfilm.D.Shehasnointerestinthefilm.

7.A.Toexpresshersympathy.B.Tolifttheman'sspirits.

C.Toshowherdisappointment.D.Tohighlighttheman'stalent.

8.A.Shewasasconfidentasshelooked.B.Shesangwithallherheart.

C.Shecouldhardlyfinishthesong.D.Shefeltextremelynervous.

9.A.Ifsmuchbetterthanexpected.B.It'ssurprisinglyoutstanding.

C.It'saverage,nothingtowritehomeabout.D.It'ssomethingterribleheneverfancied.

10.A.Heregrettednothavingpreparedsufficiently.

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B.Heisn'tawareofthetopicsofthespeakingtest.

C.Hehaspreparedeverythingfortheoralexam.

D.Hediscussedthepreparedtopicsintheoralexam.

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyou

willbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandthe

conversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouheara

question,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebest

answertothequestionyouhaveheard.

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.Low-incomeMexicanstudentswhowanttobepilots.

B.Low-incomeCalifornianstudentswholiveinMexico.

C.Low-incomeMexicanstudentswholiveneartheUSborder.

D.Low-incomeCalifornianstudentswhowanttoattendcommunitycolleges.

12.A.$1,500.B.$7,200.C.$8,000.D.$10,000.

13.A.HelpingCaliforniansbecomelawmakersintheUS.

B.IncreasingdiversityamongworkforceintheUS.

C.MakingiteasyfbrMexicanstoachieveeducation.

D.AvoidinglossoftalentintheUnitedStates.

Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingspeech.

14.A.Toreduceunemploymentrates.

B.Toincreaseworkers5salaries.

C.ToattractinternationalcompaniestotheUK.

D.Tocheckifashorterworkweekisachievable.

15.A.Toreduceemployees9expenses.B.Tomeetemployees9preferences.

C.Toincreaseproductivity.D.Tofollowgovernmentregulations.

16.A.Awaytoattractandkeeptalent.B.Atrendintheworkplace.

C.Atry-outofanewworkweekpolicy.D.Ademandforhigherpay.

Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17.A.High-qualityequipment.B.Agreatamountofpractice.

C.Personalphysicalcondition.D.Previoussportingexperience.

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18.A.Informsomeoneofyourreturntime.B.Staymindfulofyoursurroundings.

C.Tellsomeonehowyoucanbeidentified.D.Usethemostadvancedboardandsail.

19.A.Teachingandsharing.B.Connectionwithnature.

C.Competitionsandchallenges.D.Speedandexcitement.

20.A.Explorenewwindsurfingdestinations.B.Takepartinwindsurfingcompetitions.

C.Develophigh-qualityboards.D.Startawindsurfingbusiness.

ILGrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentand

grammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformof

thegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

Therainforestsarealivewiththesoundofanimals.Besidesthepleasureofthenoise,itisusefulto

ecologists.Listeningoutforanimalcallsisconsideredamethodofmeasuringthebiodiversityofa

pieceofland.(21)itismucheasierthandiggingunderthebusheslookingfor

tracks,suchanalysisistime-consuming.Italsorequires(22)expertpairofears.

InapaperpublishedinNatureCommunications,agroupofresearchersledbyJorgMuller,an

ecologistattheUniversityofWurzburg,describeabetterway:haveacomputerdothejob.

Smartphoneappsalreadyexistthrough(23)thesoundsofbirdsormammals(哺孚L动物)

canbeidentified.

Theresearcherstookrecordingsfromacross43sitesintheEcuadoreanRainforest(厄瓜多尔雨

桶.Somesiteswererelativelyprimitive,old-growthforests.Otherswereareasthat(24)_(clear)for

pasture(牧场)already.Soundrecordingsweretakenfourtimeseveryhour,overtwoweeks.The

variouscallswereidentifiedmanuallybyanexpert,andthenusedtoconstructalistofthespecies

present.Asexpected,thelongerthelandhadbeenfreefromagriculturalactivity,themore

significantthebiodiversityithosted.

Thenitwasthecomputer'sturn.Theresearchersfedtheirrecordingsto(25)(train)AI

models,usingsoundsamplesfromelsewhereinEcuador,toidentify75birdspeciesfromtheircalls.

TheyfoundtheAItoolscouldidentifythesoundsaswellastheexperts.

Noteverythinginarainforestmakesanoise.Havingusedlight-trapstocapturenight-flying

insectsandDNAanalysis(26)(identify)them,DrMullerandhiscolleaguesfoundthe

diversityofnoisyanimalswasareliableindicatorforthediversityofthequieter(27),too.

Theresultsmayhaverelevanceoutsideecologydepartments,too.Underpressure(28)heir

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customers,somemake-upcompaniesandoilfirmshavebeenspendingmoneyonforestrestoration

projects.DrMullerhopesanautomatedapproachto（29）（check）ontheresultscouldhelp

monitorsuchefforts.Thismethodwouldalsoprovideastandardizedwaytomeasure（30）they

areworkingaswellastheirsponsorssay.

SectionB

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybe

usedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.mineB.criteriaC.catalogedD.candidateE.delay

F.anticipatingG.comprisedH.perceivingI.initiativeJ.compounds

K.unfavorable

WhatLiesBeneath

“Earth“hasalwaysbeenanoddchoiceofnamefbrthethirdplanetfromtheSun.Afterall,an

alien（夕卜星人）examiningitthroughatelescopewouldnotethattwo-thirdsofitssurfaceis_31_

notoflandbutofoceansofwater.Marinebiologiststhinktheoceansmighthostmorethan

2,000,000speciesofmarineanimals,ofwhichtheyhavesofar32perhapsatenth.

Anew33hopestochangethis.SmoothlylaunchedinLondononApril27th,OceanCensus

（海洋普查）aimstodiscover100,000newspeciesofmarineanimaloverthecomingdecade.

Theattemptishappeningnowfbrtworeasons.Oneisthat,thelongerscientists34,thefewer

therewillbetodocument.Climatechangeisheatingtheoceans,aswellasmakingthemmore

acidicascarbondioxideisabsorbedintothewater.

Thesecondoneistechnological.Marinebiologistsdiscoverabout2,000newspeciesayear,a

ratehardlychangedsinceDarwin'sday.OceanCensusis35itcangofaster."'Cybertaxonomy

（网络分类学）“，forinstance,involvesfeedinganimalDNAinformationintocomputers,which

canquicklydecidewhetheritmeetsthe36fbranewspecies.

Exactlywhattheneweffortmightturnup,ofcourse,isimpossibletoforecast.Buthistory

suggestsitwillbefruitful.Halfacenturyagoscientistsdetectedhotopeningsontheseabedthat

werehometoorganismslivinghappilyinconditionsthat,untilthen,hadbeenthought37tolife.

Thesedays,suchopeningsareonecredible38fortheoriginofalllifeonEarth.

Morepracticalbenefitscan'tbeignored.Manydrugs,fbrexample,comeoriginallyfrom

biological39.Anoceanfullofunrecordedlifewillalmostcertainlyprovearichseam（矿层）

fromwhichto40more.

Tohelpmakeuseofitsdata,OceanCensusplanstomakeitattainabletoscientistsandthe

publicwithoutcharge,whowillbeabletosearchitfbranythingvaluableorunexpected.

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III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,C

andD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

MantheHunter,akeyideainhumansciences,proposesthathuntingwasamajordriverofhuman

evolutionandthatmenconductedthisactivity,leavingwomenout.Itholdsthathumanancestorshad

adivisionof41rootedinbiologicaldifferencesbetweenmalesandfemales,inwhichmales

evolvedtohuntandprovide,andfemalestendedtochildrenanddomesticduties.Itassumesthat

malesare42superiortofemalesandthatpregnancy（怀孕）andchild-caringreduceoreliminate（木艮

除）afemale'sabilitytohunt.

MantheHunterhasdominatedthestudyofhumanevolutionfornearlyhalfacenturyandspread

throughpopular43.Itisrepresentedinmuseumdisplaysandtextbookfigures,Saturdaymorning

cartoonsandfeaturefilms.Thethingis,it's44.

Researcherslookatthedamageonourancestors5remainsforcluestotheir45.Neandertal

femalesandmalesdonotvaryin46patternsorexhibitsexdifferencesindiseasesfromrepetitive

actions.Theirskeletonsshowthesamemodesofwearandtear.Thisdiscoveryimpliesthatthey

wereengagingin47activities,fromhuntinglargegameanimalstoprocessingfurforleather.

Observationsofrecentandcontemporarysocietiesprovidedirectevidenceofwomen48hunting.

AgtapeopleofthePhilippines,49,huntwhilepregnantandbreastfeeding,andtheyhavethesame

huntingsuccessasAgtamen.

Arecentstudyofcross-culturalobservationaldatalastingthepast100years-muchofwhichwas

50byMantheHuntercontributors-foundthatwomenfromawiderangeofcultureshuntanimals

forfood.79percentofthe63societieswithcleardescriptionsoftheirhuntingstrategiesreportedly

featurewomen51.Thewomenareinvolvedinhuntingregardlessoftheirchildbearingstatus.

Muchaboutfemaleexercisescienceandthe52ofprehistoricwomenremainstobediscovered.

Buttheideathatinthepastmenwerehuntersandwomenwerenotisabsolutely

53evenbythelimitedevidencewehave.Nowwhenyouthinkof"cavepeople”,wehope,you

willimaginea（n）54groupofhunterssurroundingadeerorhittingstonetoolstogetherrather

thanaheavy-browedmanwithaheavystickoveroneshoulder.Huntingmayhavebeenremadeasa

55activityinrecenttimes,butformostofhumanhistory,itbelongedtoeveryone.

41.A.foodB.laborC.resourceD.power

42.A.technicallyB.sociallyC.physicallyD.intellectually

43.A.cultureB.beliefC.scienceD.awareness

44.A.wrongB.unbelievableC.simpleD.reasonable

45.A.emotionB.appearanceC.dietD.behavior

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46.A.injuryB.interactionC.growthD.settlement

47.A.variousB.identicalC.outdoorD.manual

48.A.takingoverB.sufferingfromC.longingforD.participatingin

49.A.infactB.asawholeC.forinstanceD.asaresult

50.A.quotedB.ignoredC.collectedD.stored

51.A.supportersB.pioneersC.leadersD.hunters

52.A.hobbiesB.statusC.livesD.rights

53.A.establishedB.unsupportedC.developedD.misguided

54.A.ever-growingB.self-governingC.mixed-sexD.multi-cultural

55.A.teamB.sportingC.leisureD.male

SectionB

Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsor

unfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethe

onethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveread.

（A）

CanadageeseareacommonandplentifulNorthAmericanbird

foundinmanyurbanparks,golfcourses,airports,orareaswithlarge

lawnsnearwater.Theyarealargewaterbirdwithafairlybrownbody,

palebreast,andlongblackneckwithwhitecheeks.

Canadageeseareparticularlyattractedtourbanareasforthemanygrassylawnsnearsmallbodies

ofwater.Theycanoftenbeseenfeedingonlawnsorplayinginshallowwaterbytippingforward

andextendingtheirnecksunderwatertoreachforplants.Canadageeseprefertogatheringinlarge

flocks（群）andcanbeseenflyingoverintheclassicVformation.

InChicago,Canadageesemayremaininthecitythroughouttheyear,althoughsomegeeseget

usedtomovinglongdistancestomoresouthernsectionsforthewinterornorthwardinspringto

breed.Eachbreedingseason,pairsbuildlargeopencupgroundnestsandlay2to8eggswhichare

raisedinasinglebrood（窝）.Urbanhabitatsarealsoattractivetothisspeciesasneatly-maintained

lawnsmakeiteasywhenjgnzzEjgwithyoungtokeepwatchforapproachingenemies.Itis,however,

theiruseoftheseurbanareasthatoftenleadstoconflictswithhumans.

AsCanadageesenumbersrise,sodotheirconflictswithhumans.Canadageese'sdailyactivities

maydamagegardensandlandscaping.Geesemayalsocrossroadswhensearchingforfoodor

walkingbetweennestingsitesandbodiesofwater,slowingmovementorposingapotentialriskon

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theroadway.Althoughdirectiniuriesbyfiercegeeseaireuncommon,Deoplesometimesfalland

DickupinjuiieswhensuTprisedbyachar殳in殳&oose,Additionally,peopleoftenfeedthebirds.Not

onlyarethetypesoffoodpeopletypicallyprovide,suchasbread,unhealthyforthebirds,butthis

encourageshighconcentrationsofgeeseleadingtomoreharmfulbehaviorandhigherriskof

diseases.Lastly,plane-birdconflictsareestimatedtoberising,likelyduetoincreasingnumbersof

planes,butalsoincreasesinpopulationsofcertainbirdspecies,includingCanadageese.Although

crashesrarelyresultinanaccident,theyoftencausecostlydamagetoplanes.

56.WhatdoweknowaboutCanadageesefromthefirstandsecondparagraph?

A.Theyareavaluedandrarespecies.

B.Theyliketospendtimenearwater.

C.Theyalwayslivequietlyandseparately.

D.Theirappearanceisinauniformandsinglecolor.

57.Whichofthefollowingwordsfromthepassageissimilarinmeaningto^srazing"(paragraph3)?

A.feeding(paragraph2)B.playing(paragraph2)

C.gathering(paragraph2)D.moving(paragraph3)

58.Fromthesentence"Althoughdirectiniuries…(inthelastparagraph),weknowthatCanada

geesearelikelyto.

A.adorehumansB.threatenhumansC.frustratehumansD.safeguardhumans

59.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichofthefollowingisnotthetroublecausedbyanincreasing

numberofgeese?

A.Frequentaircrashes.B.Damagetocityview.

C.Trafficjamanddanger.D.Indirecthumaninjuries.

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（B）

15THOCT2023CULTURE

GazelleTwin,acomposer,producer,andmusician,opensupaboutbeing

aconceptualartistandestablishingauniqueidentityaheadofthereleaseof

hernewalbum（专辑）,BlackDog.

Q:Wouldyoudescribeyourmusicasconceptual?

A:Conceptualisagoodterm.Idon'tmakemusicjustforthesakeofmakingmusic.

Myrecordsareinspiredbythemes.Ispendaconsiderableamountoftimebeforewriting

themusic,learningaboutsubjectsrelatedtothetheme.ThenIworkonthestructureof

thealbum.Ideascanchange.Forexample,BlackDogwasoriginallyaboutghosts（幽灵）,

butIendedupwithanalbumaboutmychildhoodexperiences,throughtoadulthoodand

parenthood,andtheanxietyandfearthathasbeenwithmeduringthattime.

Q:Throughoutthealbum,thereisasenseofanobserver.Isthatpersonyourself,or

anotherpresence?

A:Both.Thereisthevoiceofdepressionandanxiety,andalsothisothevpersonyou

knowisalwaysthere.Ithoughtofhavingthisominouspresence（不祥之兆）aroundyou.

Thereisalsothatsenseofbeingoutintheworld,asawoman,awareofmyvulnerability

（脆弱）.Forexample,justgoingfbrawalkisneversimple.Wehavetobuildprotective

instinctsaroundourselves.

Q:Whenyoustartedout,didyouhaveanyideaofthekindofartistyouwantedto

be?A:IknewIdidn'twanttofitafixedstyleorberestrictedbybeingfemale.Iwanted

tobeflexible.IliketothinkinscaleandofmorethanIcanachieveasoneperson.Ilike

artistswithuniqueidentities.

Q:Whatwouldbeyouradvicetoanyonewithambitionstobecomeamusician?

A:Followyourinstincts.Putyourselfouttherewithoutpressuretobe“finished”.

Absorbthings,experiment,andallowyourselftofollowajourneywhereyoudon'tknow

whereyouwillendup.Beingsuccessfulcommerciallytakesateamandtime.Youhave

toloveitandbeinitfbrthelongjourney.

Q:Fastforwardtenyears,wheredoyouwanttobe?

A:Iwouldlovetocarryonfollowingmyinstinctsandmakingalbums.Iwouldlike

moreofacollectionofTVandfilmscoresbecauseIenjoywritingscoresand

cooperativework.

60.WhyisGazelleTwin'smusicconceptual?

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A.Herrecordsareusuallyaboutghosts.B.Thealbum'sstructureisatoppriority.

C.Theword"conceptual“itselfisattractive.D.Hermusicishighlymotivatedbythemes.

61.Inthesecondpartoftheinterview,“thisotherDerson"mostlikelyrepresents.

A.spiritualgrowthB.vividimagination

C.innerself-awarenessD.externalintervention

62.WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromGazelleTwin'sresponseintheinterview?

A.Shetendstotakethebiggerpictureintoaccount.

Berfutureplanningisprofit-driventosomeextent.

CBlackDoghasalreadybecomeahitalbumworldwide.

D.Sheexpresseswillingnesstohelpthepotentialmusicians.

(C)

HowtoRecruit(iSW)withSofterSkillsinMind

Softskillsmattertoemployers.Ananalysisofalmost5000jobdescriptionsshowedcompanies

haveshiftedawayfromemphasizingfinancialandoperationalskillstowardssocialskills——anability

tolisten,reflect,communicateandempathise(共情).

Thetroubleisthatsoftskillsarehardtomeasure.Worsestill,theconventionalprocessfor

recruitingpeopleisoftenbetteratrecognizingotherqualities.Theearlyphasesofrecruitmentfbcus

onscreeningcandidatesbasedontheirexperiencesandhardskills,criteriathatareeasiesttoassess

remotely.Thelaterphases,whencandidatesandemployersengageinactualconversation,arebetter

suitedtoassessinganapplicant'ssofterskills.Thinkofhowfundamentallyunsocialthesituationis!

Candidatesareexpectedtotalk,notlisten;toimpress,notempathise.Structuredinterviewscripts

enablelike-fbr-likecomparisonsbuttheyalsolimitthespacefornaturalness.

Tworecentstudiesofwhatmakesforagoodteammemberagreeonwhatmightbedescribedas

anabilitytoreadtheroom.Oneresearchfoundpeoplewhocanaccuratelyjudgethelevelof

influenceheldbyvariousteammemberspossessamagicpowercalled"statusacuity^^.Suchroom­

readersreducegroupconflictandenhanceteamperformance.Theyaccordinglydesignedatest,in

whichparticipantswatchedavideoofagroupperformingatask.Theparticipantsthenrated

membersofthegroupbasedonhowmuchrespecteachwasperceivedtohold.Peoplewhoseratings

wereclosesttotheassessmentsoftheteammembersthemselveshadthequalityofstatusacuity.

Theotherstudyfoundthatcertainindividualsconsistentlymadetheirgroupsperformbetterthan

expected.Suchpeoplearegenuineteamplayers,capableofmakingthewholegreaterthanthesum

oftheparts.ThesewonderfulcreaturesdidnotstandoutfromtheirpeersonIQtests.Buttheydid

significantlybetteronthe"ReadingtheMindintheEyes^^test,anassessmentinwhichparticipants

areshownpicturesofvariousfacialexpressionsandthenhavetopickthewordthatbestdescribes

whateachpersonisfeeling.

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Bettertestsarenottheonlywaytogathermoreinformationaboutsoftskills.Don'tjusthave

peoplehigherupthefoodchainaskinterviewquestions.Askthepeoplewhointeractcasuallywith

applicants,fromtheassistantstothereceptionists,whattheythoughtofthem.

Undeniably,peoplemaysucceedinfakingtheirwaythroughtheprocess.Andtheremaybemore

roomforinterviewers9prejudicetoemerge.Findingsomeoneannoyingmaybeasignalthat

someonelackssocialskills.Butitmayalsomeanthattheyarenervousorthatinterviewersarebad-

tempered.Recruitmentissettochangeandisunlikelytobecomelesschallenging.

63.Whatmakestherecentrecruitmentprocessdistinctfromthetraditionalone?

A.Prioritizationofsoftskills.

B.Focusonascreeningmethod.

C.Dependenceonstructuredinterviewscripts.

D.Emphasisuponfinancialandoperationalskills.

64.Accordingtothethirdandfourthparagraph,apersonwiththeabilitytoreadtheroomis

capableof.

A.adjustingone'sbehaviororattitudeswiftlytofitthecontext

B.understandingtheindividual'sperspectivetorespondappropriately

C.resolvinggroupconflictorjudgingfacialexpressionsinasituation

D.interpretingindividual'srolewithinateamortheirmood

65.Whatisthepurposeofthetwostudiesmentionedinthepassage?

A.Toidentifywaystoperfectstructuredinterviewscripts.

B.Todiscovershortcutsfortestingandidentifyingsoftskills.

C.Toexplorerecipesforcultivatingaqualifiedteammember.

D.Tointroducemethodsofimprovingcandidates9non-technicalskills.

66.Whatcanbeimpliedfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Integratingsoftskillsassessmentintoahiringprocesswon'tintroducesideeffects.

B.Employeesinlowerpositionsmayprovideuselessinsightsintoapplicants9softskills.

C.Interviewers9prejudicemayinfluencetheirfairassessmentsandperceptionsofcandidates.

D.Thereisnopossibilityofindividualssuccessfullydeceivingothersduringtheinterview.

SectionC

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Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.

Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.

A.Odoursarealsoessentialsignalsinsocialbonding.

B.Besides,odoursaregranteddifferentculturalvalues.

C.Human'sperceptionofsmellfacilitatesthespreadofhumanculture.

D.Ournosescanperceiveodourspresentinextremelysmallquantities.

E.Manyrespondentsnotedmanyoftheirolfactorylikesanddislikeswerebasedonemotionallinks.

F.Somerespondents9preferenceforaparticularodourwasinfluencedbyemotionalassociations.

TheMeaningandPowerofSmell

Asurveyrevealedthatsmellcancausestrongemotionalresponses.Asmellconnectedwithagood

experiencecanpleaseus,whileanodour（气味）bondedwithabadmemorymaydisgust（使恶

us.67Suchassociationscanbesopowerfulthatodoursgenerallylabelledunpleasant

becomeagreeable,andthosegenerallyconsideredsweetbecomedisagreeableforparticular

individuals.

68Onerespondentbelievesthereisnotrueemotionalbondingwithoutsmellinga

lovedone.Infantsrecognizetheirmothers'odourssoonafterbirth.Individualswereableto

distinguishbythesmellaloneclothingwornbytheirpartnersfromsimilarclothingwornbyother

people.

Despiteitsimportancetoouremotionalandsensorylives,smellisprobablythemostundervalued

senseinmanycultures.Whileourolfactory（嗅觉的）powersarenothinglikeasfineasthose

possessedbycertainanimals,theyareremarkablysensitive.69

Odours,unlikecolours,can'tbenamedinmanylanguagesbecausethespecificvocabularysimply

doesn'texist.4tItsmellslike...Jwehavetosaywhendescribinganodour,strugglingtoexpressour

olfactoryexperience.Norcanodoursberecorded:thereisnoeffectivewaytocaptureorstorethem

overtime.70Smellsconsideredoffensiveinsomeculturesmaybe

acceptableinothers.Therefore,oursenseofsmellisameansofinteractingwiththeworld.The

studyoftheculturalhistoryofsmellisindeedaninvestigationintotheessenceofhumanculture.

IV.SummaryWriting

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemai