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Unit6Earthfirst外研版(2019)英语必修二Usinglanguage(Grammar)1
Insentence(a),whoisswimmingatnight?2
Insentence(b),whoisfrightenedofsharks?3
Whydoestheauthorchoosetousedifferentformsofverbsinthetwosentences?a
Weseeawomanswimmingatnightinadarksea.b
Itmadepeoplefrightenedofsharks,...Insentence(a),awomanisswimmingatnight.Insentence(b),peoplearefrightenedofsharks.Insentence(a),awomanisswimming.Inotherwords,thewomandoestheactionofswimming.Sotheauthoruses-ing.Butinsentence(b),peoplearefrightened.Sotheauthoruses-ed.Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.01Discoveringtherules宾语和宾语补足语构成逻辑上的主谓关系。宾语和补语补足语一起构成复合宾语。可以作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、介词短语、非谓语动词(动词不定式、
、
)宾补定义现在分词过去分词Weseea
woman
swimmingatnightinadarksea.Awoman
isswimmingatnightinadarksea.Itmadepeople
frightenedofsharks,People
werefrightenedofsharks.现在分词作宾语补足语宾语和宾补是主动关系,宾补动作和谓语动作同时进行时用现在分词做宾补。1.位于感官动词(一感、二听、看有五)后,如see,watch,hear,feel,smell,find,listento,lookat,notice,observe等。一感:feel二听:hear,listento看有五:see,lookat,watch,notice,observe注意:感官动词see,watch,hear,observe,notice等后跟doing作宾补时,表示动作正在进行;后跟do作宾补时,表示动作的全过程。02StudyingtherulesHefelthisheart
faster(beat).他感到他的心脏跳得更快了。Ilistenedtohim
someoneinalowvoiceinhisroom(talkto).我听着他在房间里和一个人低声谈话。Wewatchedthechildren
inthepool(swim).我们看着孩子们在池塘里游泳。beatingtalkingtoswimming02Studyingtherules2.
位于使役动词后,如keep,have,get,leave,set,catch等,表示“使...一直...”,强调动作正在进行或状态正在持续。Haven'tyougotthemachine
again(run)?你使机器又运转起来了吗?Thebosskepttheworkers
thewholenight(work).老板让工人们整夜工作。Don'tleaveher
outsideintherain(wait).不要让她在外面雨中等待。。02Studyingtherulesrunningworkingwaiting02Studyingtherules3.
现在分词用在with/without复合结构中,与宾语之间是逻辑上的主动关系,
往往有正在进行的意思。Thepoormanbeggedfromdoortodoor,withanlittlegirl
followingbehind.这个穷人挨家挨户地乞讨,后面跟着一个小女孩。过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾补说明宾语的性质或状态,表示宾补的动作是被动的、已完成的,宾语与过去分词之间为被动关系。接过去分词作宾补的动词主要有两类:一类是感官动词,另一类是使役动词。1.用于表示某种状态的动词keep,leave,catch等的宾语后面,表示“使...处于某种状态”02Studyingtherules02StudyingtherulesTheguestsleftmostofthedishes
becausetheydidn’ttastedelicious(untouch).客人们没有动大部分的菜,因为它们尝起来不好吃。You’dbetterleavesomethings
(say).有些事你还是不说为好。untouchedunsaid2.过去分词用在make,get,have等使役动词后作宾语补足语。Ihadmyhair
yesterday(cut).昨天我理发了。Theygottheirtelephone
onlyyesterday(putin).他们家昨天才装了电话。02Studyingtherulescutputin02Studyingtherules注意:在“have+宾语+done”这一结构中,have通常有三种不同意义:2.1指有意识的行为时,have作“使得;让”解释,相当于get,动词-ed形式的动作的执行者可能是句子主语,也可能是其他人。Theyhadtheirhousepainted.
他们把房子粉刷了。2.2指无意识的行为时,have作“受到;遭受”解释,表示一种经历。Shehadherarmbrokeninanaccident.在一次事故中,她的胳膊被弄断了。2.3表示“有”。Wehadalotofbooksleftintheclassroom.我们有许多书被留在了教室里。3.过去分词常用在感官动词watch,see,hear,notice,feel,find等的后面作宾语补足语。02StudyingtherulesI’dliketoseetheplan
.(carryout)我想看到这个计划得到实施。Iwassurprisedtofindmyhometown
somuch.(change)我惊讶地发现我的家乡变化如此之大。carriedoutchanged02Studyingtherules4.过去分词用在want,wish,like,expect,order等表示“希望、愿望、命令”的动词的后面作宾语补足语。Everyonewishesthematter
assoonaspossible(settle).人人都希望这件事情尽快解决。5.过去分词用于“with/without+宾语+done”结构中,与宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。Allafternoonheworkedwiththedoor
.(lock)整个下午他都锁着门在家工作。Theyleftwithoutaplate
.(touch)他们没有动过一盘菜就离开了。settledlockedtouched【误区警示】现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式作宾补的判断标准(1)根据不与和宾补之间的关系来确定
主动——现在分词
被动——过去分词(2)感官动词hear/see/notice/feel等即可以接分词,也可以接省to的不定式
现在分词——主动、正在进行的动作
过去分词——被动、已完成的动作
省to不定式——动作全过程02Studyingtherules03Applyingtherules1.I'dliketoseetheplan________(carrying,carried)out.2.WeshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglish________(speaking,spoken)asmuchaspossible.3.Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimself________(hearing,heard)byallthestudentsintheclassroom.4.Shefoundhernecklace________(gone,going)onherwayhome.5.Thewomanfoundayoungman________(stealing,stole)herwallet.6.Wecanhearthewindows________(beat,beaten)bytheheavyraindrops.7.Theteachernoticedthestudents________(discussing,discuss)questionsingroups.8.Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishands________(tie,tied)behind.9.Youmustgetthework________(done,doing)beforeFriday.10.Theboywasseen________(crying,cries)insorrowbecauseofhisgrandma's03Applyingtherules1.Igotthestory________(write)inEnglish.2.Ourmanagerlefttheproblem________(unsettle).3.Iheardsomeone________(call)mynamewhenwalkingalongthestreet.4.Witheverythingwell________(arrange),helefttheoffice.5.Atthatmoment,Isawhim________(cross)thestreet.6.Thebabywasfound________(take)goodcareofbythebabysitter.7.Freddieandhisfriendswereseen________(play)basketballintheplayground.8.Thestreetwasfound________(flood)afterthestorm.9.Thecutedogwasseen________(sleep)soundonthenoisystreet.writtenunsettledcallingarrangedcrossingtakenplayingfloodedsleepingReadthepassageandchoosethecorrectformoftheverbs.Attracted/Attractingbymermaidssinceshewasachild,HannahFrasercreatedherfirsttailwhenshewasonlynineyearsold.Now,sheisamodelandperformanceartistdevoted/devotingtooceanconservation.Shecanbeseenworn/wearingmermaidclothinganddived/divingupto50feetunderwatertoswimwithdolphins,sharksandwhales.SheappearedinTheCove,adocumentaryaimingathighlightingthecrueltyofdolphinhunting.Besidesperformingandmodelling,Hannahtravelstheworldgiven/givingpresentationsandtalks,gettingmorepeopleinvolved/involvingintheconservationofoceanlife.bedevotedto:专心于形容词短语做后置定语,去掉be03ApplyingtherulesRewritetheunderlinedsentencesintheinterview,usingthe-ingand
-edformstomakeitmorecompactandcoherent.Reporter:HellofromSanjiangyuanNationalNatureReserve(SNNR).WithmetodayisLinFeng,astaffmemberworkinghere.LinFeng,canyoutellusabitaboutSNNR?LinFeng:Well,SNNRwasestablishedin2000andisthehighestandsecondlargestnaturereserveinChina.Here,
youcanseedramaticlandscapes.Theychangefrommountainstograsslands,
foreststorivers.Mostimportantly,itcontainstheheadwatersoftheYellowRiver,theChangjiangRiverandtheLancangRiver.changing03ApplyingtherulesReporter:What’sthebiggestproblemfacedbySNNR?LinFeng:Inrecentyears,
wehaveseenlargeareasofwetlandthatweredamagedbyhumanactivity.Thishashadanegativeimpactontheuniqueplantsandanimalslivingthere.We’vealsoseendroughtsandfloodscausedbythesechanges,whichaffectthewatersupplydownstream.Reporter:Andwhatsortofworkareyoudoingtohelpsolvetheseproblems?LinFeng:Ourjobistoprotectandrestorethenaturalenvironment.Thisincludeskeepingtheoriginalenvironmentfrombeingtouched,aswellasadoptingnew,sustainablewaysoffeedingfarmanimals. 03Applyingtherulesuntouched单句语法填空(1)WhenIwasonmywaytoschoolthismorning,Isawtwowomen________(argue)
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