Unit3TheInternetDiscoveringUsefulStructures现在完成时被动语态课件高中英语人教版

Unit3DiscoveringUsefulStructuresThepresentperfect

passivevoice——现在完成时的被动语态

Prep

for

Grammar1．_____________n.博客vi.写博客→_____________v.写博客→_____________n.博客作者；博主2．_____________n.引擎；发动机；火车头→_____________n.工程师→_____________n.工程；工程学3._____________vt.按，压；敦促→_____________n.压力；困扰力下；承受压力4．_____________adj.方便的；近便的→_____________n.方便；便利→_____________adv.方便地；便利地5．_____________vt.鼓舞；激励；启发思考→_____________dadj.借助灵感创作的，受到启示/鼓舞的→_____________adj.激励的，启发灵感的；吸引人的→_____________n.激励，鼓舞；启示，灵感6．_____________n.通道；(使用、査阅、接近或面见的)机会vt.进入；使用；获取→_____________adj.可到达的；可接近的；可进入的7．_____________n.电池→_____________n．(pl.)电池8．_____________vt.确认；使确信→_____________n．证实；确认→_____________adj.成习惯的；根深蒂固的blogbloggingbloggerengineengineerengineeringpresspressureconvenientconvenienceconvenientlyinspireinspiredinspiringinspirationaccessaccessiblebatterybatteriesconfirmconfirmationconfirmedAppreciateapoemPresentperfectpassivevoice(have/hasbeendone)1.以上句子中所使用的时态和语态是

。2.现在完成时的被动语态的构成为：

。现在完成时的被动语态have/hasbeen＋过去分词Anenemyhasbeenslained.一名敌人被击杀。Anallyhasbeenslained.我方队友被击杀。Youhavebeenslained.你被击杀了。观察例句，归纳用法BYYUSHENHowdoweformthepresentperfectpassivevoice?Fillintheblank.have/hasbeen+v-ed主动语态变被动语态的原则“三变”原句主语by的宾语宾语主语

谓语由主动被动“三不变”原句意思不变原句时态不变原句主谓宾以外成分不变TalkaboutsomethingthathasbeendoneBYYUSHEN现在完成时activepassiveThestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom.Theclassroomhasbeencleaned.Youneedn’tcleanitnow.present(now)futurepast表示说话时已经完成的被动性的动作或结果，主语是动作的承受者。含义：表示过去发生的动作现在已经完成或仍将持续,强调对现在的影响。表示站在“现在”的时间角度回顾一个“过去”的事件。现在完成时现在完成时activepassiveThestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom.Theclassroomhasbeencleaned.Youneedn’tcleanitnow.Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom.Theclassroomhasbeencleaned.Youneedn’tcleanitnow.现在完成时activepassive表示说话时已经完成的被动性的动作或结果，主语是动作的承受者。现在完成时的被动语态表示说话时已经完成的被动性的动作或结果,主语是动作的发出者。BYYUSHENHowdoweformthepresentperfectpassivevoice?Fillintheblank.have/hasbeen+v-ed主动语态变被动语态的原则“三变”原句主语by的宾语宾语主语

谓语由主动被动“三不变”原句意思不变原句时态不变原句主谓宾以外成分不变Talkaboutsomethingthathasbeendone例2：Havetheybeensenttohelpothers?他们已经被派去帮助其他人了吗?例3：Whohasbeeninvited?谁受到了邀请？2构成陈述句主语+has/havebeen（not）+过去分词+...例1：Hercellphonehasbeensold.她的手机已经被盗了。一般疑问句Has/have+主语+been+过去分词+...?特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+have/has+been+过去分词+...?注意事项①由finish,buy,start,begin,post,return,borrow,marry,open等词构成的现在完成时的被动语态,不能与表示段时间的状语，如forfourdays,howlong等连用，而要改换动词或者是时态。判断正误:

*Howlonghasthisbookbeenbought?()*Howlongagowasthisbookbought?()②短语动词不能分割，而且不能省略短语动词中的介词或副词。判断正误:

*Thepatienthasbeentakengoodcare.(

)*Thepatienthasbeentakengoodcareof.()XVXV③并不是所有的动词都有被动语态。如happen,occur,takeplace,breakout,belongto,cost,last等不及物动词或词组，就没有被动语态。判断正误:*Someofthebestconversationshaveeverhappenedaroundthedinnertable.(

)*Someofthebestconversationshappenedaroundthedinnertable.()④双宾语动词变被动语态可将其中的一个宾语变为主语,另一个保留不动。主动:Ihavegivenhimthekey.被动:He

hasbeengiven

thekey.被动:Thekey

hasbeengiven

tohim.V

X现在完成时的被动语态的句式：Theresearchhasbeendonesuccessfully.现在完成时被动语态的肯定式：have/hasbeendoneTheresearchhasnotbeendonesuccessfully.现在完成时被动语态的否定式：have/hasnotbeendoneHastheresearchbeendonesuccessfully?现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问句：把have/has提到主语的前面

Whathasbeendonesuccessfully?现在完成时被动语态的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/hasbeendoneBYYUSHEN1.

现在完成时的被动语态、现在进行时的被动语态及一般过去时的被动语态的区别Themachinehasbeenrepaired.（说明动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，“现在修好了”）Themachineisbeingrepairednow.（说明动作正在进行）Themachinewasrepairedyesterday.（只说明动作发生在过去）2.非延续性动词，如borrow,finish,begin,start,buy,

marry,

open,

join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时态。例：工程已开始三个月了。

Theprojecthasbeenstartedforthreemonths.（F）

Theprojecthasbeenonforthreemonths.（T）注意BYYUSHEN常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：already

已经

yet

已经recently/lately

最近

sincethen

从那时起eversince

自那以来

ever

曾经sofar

迄今为止

bynow

到现在为止foralongtime

很长一段时间inrecentyears

在最近几年里in/during/overthepast/lastyears

在过去的几年里提示Thebuildings

(destroy)bytheearthquakealready.havebeendestroyedSevenHarryPorterbooks

(write)byJ.K.Rowlingsofar.havebeenwritten用法1:被动动作发生在过去,已经完成,对现在造成影响

或产生结果。(already,yet,sofar,bynow)现在完成时的被动语态的用法Anewbridge

(build)sincetwoweeksago.hasbeenbuiltPapermoney

(use)forover50years.hasbeenused用法2:被动动作发生在过去,持续到现在,并有可能继续

持续下去。(for+一段时间;since)1.Thebuildinghassetupforseveralyears.2.Thewindowshavebeenbroke.3.Aterriblethinghasbeenhappenedtoher.4.Jimhascaughtbythepolice.beenbrokenbeenPresentperfectpassivevoice改错：即学即练1.现在完成时的被动语态中been

一定不能忘记。2.注意break,catch,teach等动词的过去式和过去分词

的不规则变化形式。3.不及物动词（短语动词）没有被动语态，如：happen,takeplace,die,appear,breakout,belongto等。Presentperfectpassivevoice总结

常与现在完成时连用的时间状语

already

已经(肯定句)

yet

已经（否定句或者疑问句）recently/lately最近sincethen

从那时起eversince

自那以来

ever曾经sofar

迄今为止

foralongtime很长一段时间bynow

到现在为止

inrecentyears

在最近几年里in/during/overthepast/lastyears在过去的几年里

一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去；

现在完成时的被动语态表示被动的动作或状态发生在过去，但一直持续到现在或者强调过去的动作对现在有影响。Presentperfectpassivevoice总结现在完成时的被动语态含义结构表示过去发生的被动动作现在已经完

成或仍将持续,强调对现在的影响have/hasbeendone形式肯定式否定式疑问式have/hasbeendonehave/hasnotbeendoneHave/Has+主语+beendone?特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+beendone?用法表示已经完成的被动动作表示开始于过去并可能持续下去的被动动作在时间状从,条件状从中,表示还未发生的被动动作注意事项区分have/hasbeendone/bebeingdone/bedone不及物动词或词组无被动现在完成时被动语态的解题步骤主语与动词构成被动关系。说话时已完成的动作或出现的结果。1.圈主：动词的逻辑宾语用作句子的主语；2.找时：找与现在完成相对应的时间状语；3.定谓：确定谓语动词形式。Jan'slifehasbeengreatlyimprovedbytheInternet.

TheInternethasgreatlyimprovedJan'slife.MuchhasbeenwrittenaboutthewondersoftheWorldWideWeb.PeoplehavewrittenmuchaboutthewondersoftheWorldWideWeb.

VerbformActive__________________Passive

_________________have/has+v-edhave/hasbeen+v-edGo

for

GrammarhavebeenchangedhavebeenhelpedhasbeenimprovedhasbeenwrittenVerbformActivehave/has十v-edPassivehave/has+been+v-edGo

for

GrammarWritingThinkofyourownsituationandwriteasimilarpoem.LookatthewayyourfacehasbeenwashedLookatthewayyourteethhavebeenbrushedLookatthewayyourshoeshavebeencleanedYou’dbetterdothemagain

LookatthewaytheflowershavebeenplantedLookatthewaythegrasshasbeencutLookatthewaythepathshavebeensweptIhopethatyou’llcomehereagainYourpoem？1．Mygrandpa’squalityoflife___________________(improve)dramaticallysincetheoperation.2．Theoperation___________________(perform)manytimesinthishospital.3．Papermoney_________________(use)foroverathousandyears.hasbeenimprovedhasbeenperformedI.用括号内动词的正确形式填空。hasbeenusedhavebeenadaptedhavebeenpollutedhavebeengivenhasbeendestroyedExercises5.--Doyouneedanyhelp?--No,thanks.We____alotofsupportsincelastyear.haveofferedB.havebeenofferedC.wereofferedD.wereoffering6.Hetoldthemthatkites______inChinamorethan2000yearsago.inventB.inventedC.areinventedD.wereinvented7.ItissaidthatoneGreaterBayAreauniversity_____inGuangdonginthefuture.A.willbebuiltB.buildC.willbuiltD.isbuiltAnewsmartphonemadeinChinahasbeenboughthasbeenfinishedhasbeensolved5.Theyhavetranslatedthebookintomorethantwentylanguages.→_________________________________intomorethantwentylanguages.6.Wehavenotfoundawaytodealwiththesituationyet.→_________________________________todealwiththesituationyet.7.ThebosshasappointedTommanageroftheengineeringdepartmenttotaketheplaceofGeorge.→__________________________________oftheengineeringdepartmentbythebosstotaketheplaceofGeorge.8.Theteamhasdevelopedakindofintelligentrobot.→