2023年上海市长宁区高考英语二模试卷

2023年上海市长宁区高考英语二模试卷

1.

Swimmersenjoycoldswims

Manypeopleenjoyswimminginicycoldwater.Anopen-airswimmingpool,(1)(know)

asalido,inBedfordshire,England,provedverypopularthiswinter.TheWoburnLidoisusually

openfromMaytoSeptember,butthisyearitstayedopentoswimmersthroughouttheautumnand

wintermonthstoo.

(2)thelockdownforEnglandwasannouncedon4January,outdoorpoolswere

allowedtoremainopen."Demandhastakenusbysurprise,"saidMurrayHeining,avolunteeratthe

WoburnLido.OverChristmasandNewYear,thelidohadtoofferextraopeningstokeepupwiththe

demandfromswimmers.

Cold-waterswimming(3)(grow)inpopularityintheUKoverthepastfewyears.A

surveyfoundthat7.5millionpeopleinEnglandhadswuminoutdoorpools,aswellaslakes,rivers

andthesea,in2018.Insomeareas,suchastheriverWharfeinYorkshire,thisnewtrendhasmade

environmentalgroupsthinkmoreabout(4)thewaterisclearedofpollutionandclean

enoughforbathers.

Somepeoplemakeitaregularpractice；(5)justenjoyarefreshingdiponChristmasDay，

BoxingDayorNewYear'sDay.EveryyeararoundtheUK,people(6)(photograph)

plungingintoicywater,ofteninfancydress,andtherecentfestiveperiodwasnoexception,(7)

freezingtemperatures.

TheOutdoorSwimmingSocietyclassifiestemperaturesbelow6℃as"Baltic"andfrom6-11℃as

',freezing".Theyadvisepeopletogetinthewatergradually,soas(8)(notshock)the

body.Likewise,theyrecommendwarmingupgradually,andnot(9)(rush)theprocess

byleapingintoahotbathwhenyougetout.Instead,theysuggestlayeringupanddrinkingsomething

warm.

Itwasn'tjustthewaterthatwascold-manypeopleexperiencedawhiteChristmas；snowfellin

severalcountiesincludingYorkshireandSuffolk.PaulDavies,theUKMetOffice'schief

meteorologist,ascientist(10)jobistostudytheweather,saidtheforecastindicates"the

likelihoodofthecoldconditionsexperiencedrecentlycontinuingthroughJanuary'1.

⑴

⑵

(3)

⑷

⑸

(6)

⑺

(8)

⑼

(10)

2.

A.alternativesB.assessC.courageousD.demonstrateE.dynamicF.generates

GanconsideratelyH.potential!.regulators!.significantK.unreservedly

Trustinyourscientificinstinctsandneverstopmovingforward

Γvestudiedbiology,biochemistry,math,andcomputerscience,andreceivedmyPh.D.from

CambridgeUniversityJn2008,whenIlearnedPhilipMorrisInternational(PMDwasbuildinga

newlaboratoryto(1)theproductsthatwouldformpartofasmoke-freefuture,Isaid,

"Γmin.u

Seeingthepositiveresultsfromthefirststudieslookingatthedifferencesbetweencigarettesmoke

andaerosol(气溶胶)fromoursmoke-freenicotine(尼古丁)productswasStimulating.There

weresomanypositivefindings,andyetWewerestillinthebuildingphase.Whatwouldhappennext?

Wehadtotellourselvestobe(2)：Don,tworry,justlookatthedata.

Systemstoxicology(系统毒理学)isanexcitingand(3)fieldtoworkin.However,

it(4)massiveamountsofdata,asitcombinesstandardtoxicologywithnewanddiverse

techniquestohelpgiveusabiggerandmoredetailedpictureofhowtoxicsubstancesaffectthe

body.Workingwithsuchgiantblocksofdataisachallengeforallapplicationsofsystemstoxicology,

notjusttobaccoharmreduction.Thisiswhyweshareourdataandmethods(5).

Itisnotonlyinourbestinterestto(6)opennesstotheworldatlarge,butit'salsoimportant

toengagetheglobalscientificcommunityinordertoalwaysbemovingthescienceforward.The(7)

publichealthimpactofscience-backedsmoke-freeproductsisconsiderable.Andwhilethese

productsarenotrisk-freeanddelivernicotine—whichisaddictive-thebreakthroughis(8)

.AndIfeelanenormoussenseofaccomplishmentwithwhatwe'veachievedsofar.

Ofcourse,westillhaveimportantworktodo.Wewillcontinuetoprovideinformationto(9)

,scientists,publichealthorganizations,andpolicymakersaboutthepotentialofsmoke-free

products.Wewillcontinuetoshareourscience.Andwewillcontinueworkingtodeliversmoke-free

(10)fortheworld'sadultsmokerswhodon,tquittobaccoandnicotinealtogether.Butthis

isamarathon,andwe'reinthisforthelongterm.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

Afterfivelongyears,itappearsCalifornia'sdroughtisfinallybecominglesssevere.(1)arecent

stringofstorms,morethanathirdofthestatehasnowwelcomedhealthyprecipitation(降水量)，and

California'ssnowpack-a(n)(2)sourceofwaterastheyearprogresses—hasreachednearly

twiceitsseasonalaverageinsomepartsoftheSierraNevada.That,sadramaticimprovementoverlast

summer,whenliterallyeveryinchofthestate(3)droughtconditions.It'salsowelcomenews

forCalifomians,whohavefacedaseriesofwater(4)sinceGovernorJerryBrowndeclareda

stateofemergencyinearly2014.Farmershavebeenforcedtospendheavilytomaintainproduction.

Thestate'swaterstruggles,(5),arefarfromover.Forone,nobodyknowsforsurehowlong

theserainswillIast.Althoughrecentprecipitationhasbeen(6)一insomeplacesmorethan80

inches—theaccuracyofstormforecastingremains(7)beyondaweek.Califomiansknowthis

alltoowell：lastyear,expertsprojecteda"Godzilla"ElNinothatwouldbringrecordlevelsof

precipitation.ltnever(8).nWiIlsixweeksfromnowbewet?',asksJeanineJones,California's

interstatewater-resourcesmanager.nTheskillinthatkindofforecastingisjustnotthere."

(9),astormslowdownisaveryrealpossibility——anditcouldleaveCaliforniawithoutenough

watertomakeitthroughthedrysummer.(10),whenthathappens,thestatehasturnedto

groundwaterstoredinnaturalrockformationsdeepbeneaththeearth'ssurface.Butthose(11)

remainusedupafteryearsofdrought；restoringthemcouldtakeyearsinsomeplaces,saysJones.

Thequickinrushofwaterhasalsocreateda(n)(12)balancingactforwatermanagers.Keeping

surfacereservoirs(水库)filledtotheedgeprotectsagainstthepossibilityofasuddendryspell,butit

also

(13)theriskoffloodingifandwhenfuturestormshit.Tothatend,watermanagersopenedthe

SacramentoWeirfloodgatesearlierthismonthtopourreservoirwaterintonearbyfieldsafter(14)

showedlocalwaterlevelswouldlikelycontinuetorise.That'sacalculationthatwillbemade

acrossthestateinthecomingmonths.

Fornow,though,Jonesisfocusedonplanningandensuringthestate,swatersupplywhatevermayhappen.

',We,rehalfwaythroughourwettestseason,andconditionshavebeenencouraging,πshesays.,,Iwould

saywe,re;(15)_____optimistic.1'

3.A.AccordingtoB.WithrespecttoC.ThankstoD.Inadditionto

4.A.officialB.exhaustibleC.unexpectedD.crucial

5.A.experiencedB.improvedC.worsenedD.investigated

6.A.pollutionB.restrictionsC.pressureD.cycles

7.A.neverthelessB.thereforeC.meanwhileD.moreover

8.A.accurateB.plentifulC.consistentD.emergent

9.A.productiveB.unchangeableC.progressiveD.unreliable

10.A.fellbehindB.brokedownC.cameaboutD.tookoff

11.A.OrelseB.InotherwordsC.AtthatpointD.Aboveall

12.A.LiterallyB.ContrarilyC.HistoricallyD.Consequently

13.A.levelsB.formationsC.strugglesD.reserves

14.A.randomB.delicateC.mechanicalD.insensible

15.A.heightensB.assumesC.minimizesD.identifies

16.A.restorationsB.calculationsC.conditionsD.projections

17.A.hopelesslyB.extremelyC.guardedlyD.cheerfully

D

Ifyousearchtheinternetthesedays,you'lllikelyrunacrosssomeStrange-Iooking,yetcheerfulcartoon

characters.Thesecomputer-createdpeoplehavesmallheadsandoverdonebodies.They,recreatedin

daringcolorwitharmsandlegsthatlooklikegiantwetnoodles.Thehappyfiguresareoftenmovingor

doingsomethingcreative.

In2017Facebookpaidadesignteamtodevelopapositiveillustrationsystem.Oneofthedesignerstook

thatmessagetoheart.Sheworkedtoshowhumanconnection,motion,energyandjoyinherdrawings.She

"wantedtopicturethatsenseofjoypeoplefeelwhenthey,resharingthingstogether"Thenamewhich

wasgiventothenewartformwhenitwascompletedwasveryappropriate.TheynameditAlegria,which

meansjoyinSpanish.BeforelongAlegriabecamethego-tostyleformanytechnologyandmedia

businesses.CorporationssuchasGoogle,AirbnbandYouTubebeganusingAlegriaorartwith

Aiegria-typesimilarities.TodayyoucanfindAlegriaartacrosstheinternet,inprint,onmagazinecovers

andmore.

WhydidAlegriaartbecomepopularsoquickly?Therearemanyreasons.Aswebsitesdependedon

illustrationstofillspace,Alegria-typeartbecameincreasinglyuseful.Thestyleisflat,simpleandeasyto

create.Bycomparison,moredetailedartdesignsrequireextratime,skillandmoneytoproduce.Businesses

alsolovethefactthatAlegria'scharacterscelebratediversitybyfeaturinginternationalculturalevents.The

illustrationsconveygoodfeelings.Thosefeelingshelppeoplebelievetheycantrustthecompaniesthat

featurethemontheirpages.

Forsomeconsumers,though,that,saproblem.Thesepeoplethinksomecompanieshavesimplypapered

overtheirproblemswithpositiveimages.They,vefailedtoaddresstheirwrongdoingsormakelasting

changes.Formany,however,Alegriaisanicevisuallanguagethatrepresentshappiness.Fromchildren

huggingtocouplesdancing,theimagesareallaboutpositiveenergy.Allinall,itseemsthatAlegriaisthe

perfectnameofthisplayful,funartstyle.

18.WhichofthefollowingfeaturesmakesAlegriaartstylesowellreceivedquickly?

A.Itscheerfulroom-fillingimages.

B.Itstrustworthyfigures.

C.Itsroleasculturalrepresentatives.

D.Itseye-catchingdetails.

19.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.

A.Alegriaimagesmayhelphidefaults

B.positiveimagesconveyfunnymessages

C.illustrationscanbeaudioinsomeway

D.small-sizedcartooncharactersenjoypopularity

20.Alegriaisthoughtastheperfectnamefortheartstylebecauseofits.

A.systemandcreativityB.technologyandimpact

C.popularityandprofitD.meaningandfunction

E

ASTRAiGHTFORVARDINCOME?

INVESTINGHIGHWAYS.

Discoverwhynowmaybeagoodtimeformunicipalbonds

Intoday'sparticularlyunstableeconomy,aimingforsecuresourcesofincomeismorerelevantthan

ever.Tax-freemunicipalbonds(市政债券)(oftenissuedtofundmajorinfrastructureprojectsfor

examplehighways)offertwosignificantbenefits.Theycanprovidehistoricallylowrisk,andincome

frombondsisfederally(联邦地)taxfree.

Withmunicipalbonds,investorsarepaidbackthefull-facevalueoftheirinvestmentatmaturity(or

earlier,ifcalled)unlessthebonddefaults,orfailstopay.Thishistoricallylowriskisessentialformany

investors,particularlythosein,orcloseto,retirement.InAugustof2019,Moody'sInvestor'sService

foundthatratedinvestment-grademunicipalbondshadanaverageincreasingɪ0-yeardefaultrateofjust

0.10%between1970and2018.Therefore,theycanbeanimportantpartofyourinvestment.

Incomefrommunicipalbondsisnotsubjecttofederalincometaxand,dependingonwhereyoulive,

mayalsobefreefromstateandlocaltaxes.Tax-freeincomecanbeabigattractionformanyinvestors.

Since1990,Hennion&Walshhasspecializedininvestment-grade,tax-freemunicipalbonds.The

companysupervisesover$3billioninassets(资产)inover16,(X)Oaccounts,providingindividual

investorswithdiscipline,personalserviceandintegrity.

Incaseyouwanttoknowmoreaboutthebenefitsoftax-freemunicipalbonds,Wenowhaveanofferfor

you.OurspecialistshavecreatedahelpfulBondGuideforinvestors.It'sfreeandcomeswithnoobligation

(义务)atall.

2021Hennion&WalshInc.Securitiesoffered

FREEBe)NDGUlDE

throughHennion&WalshInc.Memberof

withoutcostorobligation

FINRA,SIPCJnvestinginbondsinvolvesrisk

CALL(800)318∙4850

includingpossiblelossofprincipahi.e.the

IntheBondGuide,you,lllearn：

originalamountofmoneyinvested.Incomemay

•Thebenefitsandrisksofmunicipal

besubjecttostate,localorfederalalternative

bonds

minimumtax.Wheninterestratesrise,bond

•Strategiesforsmartbondinvesting

pricesfalLandwheninterestratesfall,bond

•Municipalbondfactseveryinvestor

pricesrise.Pastperformanceisnotaguarantee

shouldknow

offutureresults.

21.Itcanbelearntfromtheleafletthat.

A.notaxesofanykindareputonmunicipalbonds

B.Investmentinmunicipalbondsisrelativelysafe

C.Hennion&Walsharebillionaireinvestors

D.interestratesandbonddefaultsgohandinhand

22.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutBondGuide?

A.Itsharesrisk-freebondinvestingskills.

B.ɪtrecommendsbondinvestingspecialists.

C.Itoffersaguaranteedinvestmentreturn.

D.Itproposesinvestingplansforreferenceonly.

23.Itcanbeinfeɪɪedfromtheleafletthatmunicipalbondsare

A.issuedparticularlyinhardtimes

B.intendedforHennion&WalshInc.

C.shelteredbythegovernmentinaway

D.subjecttothemajorinfrastructureprojects

24.Whowouldbethemostlikelytargetreadersofthisleaflet?

A.Municipalbondadministrators.

B.Federaltaxcalculators.

C.ThecopyrightownersoftheBondGuide.

D.Senior-citizeninvestors.

F

Researchintolanguagelearningandmotivationhaschangeddirectionoverthepasttwodecades,shifting

fromwhatarenowconsideredoverly-simplisticmodelsofmotivation,suchas"integrativeness"(where

studentsaremotivatedtolearnanL2becausetheywishtojoinacommunitythatspeaksthislanguage)

and,,instrumentalism"(wheremotivationcomesfromadesireforfinancialorsomeothersortof

return).Motivationtolearnhasnowbeenlinkedtoasecond-languageidentity,whichisnot

conceptualisedasstatic,butdynamic,shiftingandopentochange.Someresearchstudieshavefocusedon

investmentinESOL(EnglishforSpeakersofOtherLanguages)settingsinEnglish-speakingcountries：

howstudentsinvestinthetargetlanguageinordertogetcertainreturns,notonlyfinancialbutalsorelated

tostatus,anideawhichBonnyNortonPeircenotesashavingbeenboιτowedfromthesociologistPierre

Bourdieu.Thereisalsogrowingresearchintheareaof,futureselves"andlanguagelearning,suchasthat

byZoltanDomyeiandEmaUshiodaandbyJillHadfield.

Studiesintosecondlanguageidentityhaverevealedtheinvestmentcommittedtobuildingupanidentityin

Englishinthelivesofeconomicmigrants(移民)andthosechoosingtosettlelong-termin

English-speakingcountries.DavidBlockconductedresearchintoeconomicmigrantslivinginLondon,

revealinghowtheyinvestthroughstudyopportunities,seekingoutlocalstospeakto,orusingEnglishin

work.Eachofhiscasestudiesrevealsdifferentfeaturesandpatternsinthesesubjects,lives.

Yetitisalsotruethatsecond-languageidentityformationisaliveinEFL(EnglishasaForeignLanguage)

contexts,ifɪmaydrawadistinctionfromtheESOLfurther-educationcontext(intheUKandtheUS).In

anageofglobalisationandinternationalisation,theroleofEnglishhascomeintomuchsharperfocus,

andsuchachangedglobalrealityposesnewquestionsaboutmotivationtolearn.Dornyeiarguesthatwe

arenowdealingwith"globalEnglish",andthatitsacquisitionisrelatedtobuildingup"aglobalidentity".I

putthecasethatinternationalEnglishlanguageexaminations,suchasthoseofferedbyCambridgeEnglish,

areapowerfulsymbolofculturalcapital,offeringreturnsfullofimageryandentrytoimagined

CommunitiesJmaginedcommunities,ithasbeenargued,areimaginedpersonalnetworksofthefuture,

whethersocial,professionaloreveninternational.Investmentandthemotivationtolearncanspringfrom

thedesiretobelongtotheseimaginedcommunities.Howthisimageryandinvestmentrelatestotheirown

studentsshouldbesomethingthatteachersbecomefamiliarwith.

25.Theword"static"(inparagraph1)istheclosestinmeaningto.

A.unchangingB.movableC.identifiedD.focused

26.WhichofthefollowingisthenewmotivationforlearningEnglishaccordingtothepassage?

A.Toplanforabrighterfutureabroad.

B.Tocontributetoincreasingglobalization.

C.Toestablishasecond-languageidentity.

D.Toexpectsubstantialinvestmentreturns.

27.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat.

A.teachersmayhavenoideaabouttheirstudents'needs

B.themotivationtolearnEnglishchangeswiththetimes

C.imaginedcommunitiesaremostlikelytobeexclusive

D.Englishcompetencetestingisagatewayintonewcontexts

28.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.Aninvestmentinlanguagestudies.

B.Aquestionofsecond-languageidentity.

C.AnaccesstoESOLandEF

D.D.Adebateaboutmotivationtolearn.

A.Usingtheoceansasasolutiontoclimatechangeishardlyanewidea.

B.Thereisstillsomedoubtabouthowbigthemarineoffsettingeffectmightbe.

C.It,sreallyhardtoturnbluecarbonconservationandrestorationintocarboncreditsthat

youcansell.

D.Somethingsimilarmightworkintheoceans,bystimulatingthegrowthofmarineand

coastalecosystems.

E.Andconservingthemisimportantgivenhowmuchfishingandotheractivitieshave

degradedthem.

F.Thebigobjectiontoalltheseplansisthepossibilityofnegativeenvironmentalside

effects.

Greeningtheblue

Istherea"naturaΓ,waytoenhancethepotentialoftheoceanstolockawayclimate-warmingCO2?

PlantingmoretreesonlandcanhelpdrawdownmoreCO2fromtheatmosphere—thebasisofmany

plansforcarboncreditsthatcompaniesbuytooffsettheiremissions(抵消其排放).(1)

Seaweedforestsandsaltmarshes(盐碱滩)arecommonexamples.

Someregardthepotentialforthis,'bluecarbon,,ashuge,althoughasyetthereisnomechanismfor

integratingitintocarbonoffsettingplans.JohnVirdinofDukeUniversityinNorthCarolinasays,,,

(2)"Headds,nYouhavetogooutandmeasureallthecarbonthat'sthere,youhaveto

showthatit,snotgoingtobelost,youhavetokeepmonitoringit.πVirdinandothershaveproposed

extendinganexistingland-basedplancalledREDD+(reducingemissionsfromdeforestationand

forestdegradation)totheocean,butthatisanideawhoseshiphasyettosail.

(3)InMarch,theUKgovernment'sclimateadviser,theClimateChangeCommittee,

foundthatrestoringandcreatingseagrassandsaltmarshecosystemsinthecountrywouldonlylock

awayasmallamountofCO2，removing',wellbelow"1milliontonnesayear.

Nonetheless,theseareefficientcarbonstoresaccordingtothecommittee.(4)—

29.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

30.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

31.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

32.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

33.

Kangarooscan"talk"tous

Kangarooscan,'talkπtopeople,accordingtoanewstudy.Thereportisthefirstresearchofitskindto

bedoneonmarsupials—atypeofcreaturewhoseyounggetcarriedinskinpocketsontheirmother's

body.Itsuggestskangaroosareclevererthanpreviouslythought.

ResearchersfromtheUniversityofRoehamptonintheUKandtheUniversityofSydneyinAustralia

testedkangaroosattheAustralianReptile（爬行动物）Park,WildlifeSydneyZooandKangaroo

ProtectionCo-operative.Thescientistsputfoodinaboxthatthekangarooscouldnotopen,and

waitedtoseewhattheanimalswoulddo.Ratherthangivingup,10outofthe11kangaroosactively

lookedatthepersonwhohadputthefoodintheboxandthenlookedatthebox.Theresearcherssaid

thiscouldbeinterpretedasthekangaroosrequestinghelptoopenthecontainer.

DrAlexandraGreen,aco-authorofthestudy,toldTheGuardiannewspaperthatsomeofthe

kangaroosactuallyapproachedthepersonandstartedscratching（挠）andsniffing（嗅）him,

thenlookedbackatthebox.,'Sotheywerereallytι*yingtocommunicate,πGreensaid.Thisbehaviour

isnotuncommoninanimals.However,itisusuallyonlyseenindomesticatedanimals,suchaspets

orfarmanimals.Theleadauthorofthestudy,DrAlanMcElligott,explained，nThroughthisstudy,

wewereabletoseethatcommunicationbetweencreaturescanbelearntandthatthebehaviourof

lookingathumanstoaccessfoodisnotrelatedtodomestication."Indeed,kangaroosshowedavery

similarpatternofbehaviourwehaveseenindogs,horsesandevengoats,whenputtothesametest,

πheadded.

Itishopedthatthestudywillgivepeopleamorepositiveattitudetowardskangaroos,whichare

sometimesseenasharmfulcreaturesthatdamagefarmers'crops.

（1）

（2）

34.就我而言，姑姑包的赤豆粽子就是珍蹉美味。（WraP）（汉译英）

35.有人认为2023年机器人有可能接手我们人类40%的工作。（it）（汉译英）

36.许多经验丰富的摄影师都建议从离家近的当地景点开始拍摄旅游微视频。（What…）

（汉译英）

37.那个星夜父亲划小船送我们母女去外婆家,河面平静如镜,蛙声四起，真是浪漫。（WhiCh）

（汉译英）

38.Directions：WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgiven

belowinChinese.

假设你是明启中学的高三学生李华。学校将开设讲座“上海老洋房”，现就讲座内容征求学生

的意见。请给负责的王老师写封邮件，具体提出你的建议。内容须包括：

D你对讲座内容的具体建议；

2）简述你的理由。

答案和解析

1.【答案】【小题1】known

【小题2】UntilZTillZBefore

[小题3]whether

[小题4]hasbeengrowing/grown

【小题5】whether

【小题6】others

【小题7】arephotographed

[小题8]despite

【小题9】nottoshock

【小题10]rushing

【解析】(1)考查过去分词。句意：今年冬天，英国贝德福德郡的一个露天游泳池，被称为Iid0,

非常受欢迎。beknownas”被称为“，是固定搭配，用过去分词作状语。故填known。

(2)考查连词。句意：直到英国1月4日宣布封锁(之前)，室外游泳池被允许保持开放。引导

时间状语从句，表示“直到"可用Until或till；或表示“在……之前”用beforeo句首单词首字母大写。

故填UntilZTiIlZBeforeo

(3)考查动词时态。句意：过去几年，冷水游泳在英国越来越受欢迎。根据后文"OVerthePaStfeW

years”指表示过去发生的动作持续到现在，并且可能继续进行下去，应用现在完成进行时；也可表

示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时。故填hasbeengrowing/grown。

(4)考查连词。句意：在一些地区，如约克郡的沃夫河，这种新趋势使环保组织更多地考虑河水

是否清除了污染,是否足够干净,适合游泳。此处句子作介词about的宾语,表示“是否“应用whether

引导宾语从句。故填Whethero

(5)考查代词。句意：有些人把它作为一种常规做法；还有一些人只在圣诞节、节礼日或新年时

泡个澡。表示”一些...还有一些"句型为some∙∙∙others∙∙∙o故填Otherso

(6)考查动词时态和语态。句意：在英国，每年都会有人穿着奇装异服跳入冰水中，最近的节日

期间也不例外，尽管气温极低。PeoPleg与PhOtOgraPh构成被动关系，根据上文EVeryyear可知为

一般现在时的被动语态，主语PeoPIe是集合名词，be动词用are。故填arephotographed。

(7)考查介词。句意：在英国，每年都会有人穿着奇装异服跳入冰水中，最近的节H期间也不例

外，尽管气温极低。后跟名词作宾语，表示"尽管“应用介词despite。故填despite。

(8)考查动词不定式。句意：他们建议人们慢慢下水，以免对身体造成冲击。SoaSto”为的是，

以便"，根据notshock要用其否定式SOaSnottOdOSth故填nottoshock。

(9)考查动名词。句意：同样，他们建议慢慢热身，不要一出来就冲个热水澡。recommendnotdoing

sth.表示"不建议做某事"。故填rushing«

(10)考查。句意：英国气象局首席气象学家保罗•戴维斯是一名研究天气的科学家，他表示，天

气预报表明”最近经历的寒冷天气可能会持续到1月份”。先行词SCientiSt在定语从句中作名词job

的定语，用关系代词WhoSe引导从句。故填WhoSe。

这是一篇说明文.文章主要说明了今年冬天，英格兰贝德福德郡的露天游泳池非常受欢迎，介绍

了人们冬泳的情况和专家的建议。

语法填空要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得

多于3个单词。要做好语法填空题，理解短文是解题的前提，扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基

础，英语国家的背景知识是必要的补充。考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名

词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。答完后，还要通读全文，核对所

填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境。

2.【答案】【小题UB

【小题2】C

【小题3】E

【小题4]F

【小题5】K

【小题6]D

【小题7】H

【小题8】J

【小题9】I

【小题10]A

【解析】(1)考查动词不定式。句意：2008年，当我得知菲利普•莫里斯国际公司(PMl)正在

建造一个新的实验室，以评估将成为无烟未来一部分的产品时，我说：“算我一个。"使用动词assess"

评估”与不定式标志t。构成目的状语，符合语境。故选B项。

（2）考查形容词。句意：我们必须告诉自己要勇敢：别担心，看看数据。使用形容词CoUrageous”

勇敢的“作be动词的表语，符合语境。故选C项。

（3）考查形容词。句意：系统毒理学是一个令人兴奋和充满活力的领域。使用形容词dynamic"

充满活力的”作is的表语，符合语境。故选E项。

（4）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，它产生了大量的数据，因为它将标准毒理学与新的

多样化技术相结合，有助于我们更大、更详细地了解有毒物质如何影响身体。使用动词generate”

生产"做谓语动词，符合语境，因为主语是it,故使用第三人称单数。故选F项。

（5）考查副词。句意：这就是为什么我们毫无保留地分享我们的数据和方法。使用副词

UnreSerVedIy"未保留地,,作状语修饰动词Share"分享"，符合语境。故选K项。

（6）考查动词不定式。句意：向全世界展示开放不仅符合我们的最大利益，而且让全球科学界参

与进来也很重要，以便始终推动科学向前发展。使用动词demonstrate”展示"与不定式标志to构成

的短语作真正主语，符合语境。故选D项。

（7）考查形容词。句意：科学支持的无烟产品对公众健康的潜在影响是巨大的。使用形容词

POtentia1"潜在的"作定语修饰主语PUbliChealthimPaCtimPaCt"公众健康影响"，符合语境。故选H

项。

（8）考查形容词。句意：虽然这些产品并非没有风险，而且会产生令人上瘾的尼古丁，但这一突

破意义重大。使用形容词Signifkant"重大的”作is的表语，符合语境。故选J项。

（9）考查可数名词的复数。句意：我们将继续向监管机构、科学家、公共卫生组织和政策制定者

提供有关无烟产品潜力的信息。使用名词