2022-2023学年湖北省黄冈市锥子河中学高三英语上学期期末试卷含解析

2022-2023学年湖北省黄冈市锥子河中学高三英语上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Ofallthediseasesassociatedwithsmoking,addictionisperhaps

______

thatreceivestheleastattention.A.one

B.theone

C.none

D.something参考答案：B略2.Shemayhavemissedthetrain,

,shewon’tarriveforanotherhour.

A.inwhichcase

B.inthisway

C.bythatmeans

D.inwhosecase参考答案：A略3.Carloversoftenorganizefieldsportsinourcountry.Itisanactivitythatthey________withoutthebenefitsofacar.

A.wouldneverattempt

B.willneverattempt

C.wouldneverhaveattempted

D.canneverhaveattempted参考答案：A4.Wehadthefeeling,somehow,_____therevolutionwasrightaroundthecorner.A.which

B.that

C.what

D.When参考答案：B【名师点睛】同位语从句通常只能由that引导，前面的名词往往是一个表示某种概念的概括性名词，如view，hope，belief，idea，order，question，advise，suggestion等，而且同位语从句所阐述的内容是前面那个概括性名词的内容的具体化。而本题的先行词为feeling，therevolutionwasrightaroundthecorner作为从句解释feeling，故为同位语从句，可知从句应该由that引导。考生在做此类题目时要注意句子的类型判断，注意与定语从句的区分。5.Wheneveranaturaldisasterhappens,weshouldoffer____helpwecouldtothosevictims.A.however B.whatever C.whenever D.whichever参考答案：B6.YoucanarriveinGuilinearlyinthemorningforthemeeting___youdon’tmindtalkingthenighttrain.A.unless

B.though

C.given

D.provided参考答案：D略7.-----Oh,dear,Iforgottheairtickets-----You_______something.A.haveleft

B.arealwaysleaving

C.areleaving

D.alwaysleft参考答案：B22._________astonetowerneartheoldpinetree.A.Itusedtobe

B.ThereusedtobeC.Thereusedtohave

D.Itisusedtobe参考答案：B略9.Mr.Blake______myletter,otherwisehewouldhaverepliedbynow.A.willnothavereceived

B.needn’thavereceivedC.shouldn’thavereceived

D.couldn’thavereceived参考答案：D10.Mary__________tencountriesintwelvedaysbythetimeshegetsback.A.visited B.hasvisited C.willvisit D.willhavevisited参考答案：D解析:考查动词的时态。句意：玛丽到她返回时将会在十二天内访问十个国家。根据时间状语bythetimeshegetsback到回来为止，回来这个动作还没有发生，表将来再者根据句意可知这个动作将会完成，故选D项。11.Wehaveanadviseronhandinthisactivity_______youhaveanyworriesorproblems.

A．when

B．nowthatC．though

D．incase参考答案：D考点：状语从句试题解析：此题考状语从句，when当…时候；nowthat既然；though虽然，incase以防,所以，选D12.Itwas_______shewasinjuredintheaccident_______shedidn’tcometothepartyyesterday.A.as;which

B.because;that

C.since;why

D.for;that参考答案：B13.Thisroomought_____before50’closk.A.toclean

B.tobecleaned

C.clean

D.becleaned参考答案：B14.Theinternationalorganization_______meetstwiceayear,holdingaspringsessioninNewYorkandafallsessioninBeijing.A.typically B.consistentlyC.constantly D.literally参考答案：A【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：这个国际组织有代表性地每年举行两次会议，春季会议在纽约举行，秋季会议在北京举行。A.typically代表性地；B.consistently一致地；C.constantly不断地；D.literally照字面地，根据题意，故选A。15.-----Ican’tfindMr.Smith.Wheredidyoumeethimthismorning?------Itwasinhisoffice_____heworked.A. theone B.which C.that D.where参考答案：D16.

LastyearIlostmyjob,whichwasthestartofarunofbad

.

A．temper

B．behavior

C．luck

D．situation参考答案：C17.Inthelecture,theprofessortoldhisstudentsabouthowtowritean_________ofagraduatepaper,expressingthemainargument.

A.account B.application C.address D.abstract参考答案：D二、新的题型18.EveryLittleBitCounts?Oneoftheweaponsinthefightagainstpovertyismicrocreditalsocalledmicrolending).Microcreditisthepracticeofgivingverysmall,short-termloanstopoorpeople.________44________Theloanshelptheborrowersstartorupgradesmallbusinesses.Microcreditorganizationsassumethatpoorpeoplecanliftthemselvesoutofpovertyiftheyonlyhaveaccesstostandardfinancialservices.GrameenBank,startedasaprojectin1976,isapioneerofmicrocredit.________45________Borrowersoftenhavenosteadyjobnootherproperty,andnoonetoco-signontheloan-commonrequirementsforgettingaloanelsewhere.GrameenBankpromotescreditasahumanright,andwitha98%repaymentrate,itseemstohavehelpeditsborrowersimprovetheirlivesandmadeaprofitthroughinterestinthemeantime.SuccesseslikeGrameenBankandotherscausedgovernmentsandNGOstorushtofundmicrocreditoperations.Howwonderfultoimaginethatthecureforpovertycouldbeprofitable!However,recentstudiesquestionhoweffectivemicrocreditreallyis.Criticssaythatpoorpeoplewithenoughentrepreneurial(创业的)drivetogetaloanwouldhavesucceededanyway.Thosewithoutthedrivedon'tendupinbettercircumstancesafterpayingbackloans，whicharen’talwaysusedforbusinesses.________46________Andthoughmicrocreditisdescribedasawaytoempowerwomen，somesaytheloansaren’tcausinganymeasurableimprovementinwomen’slives.Theideasbehindmicrocreditareuplifting:thatallhumansarefilledwithpotentialsandthatonesmallbitofassistancecanhelpawholefamilylivebetter.________47________Timeandclosestudywilltellifmicrocreditisreallythemiracleitappearstobe.A.Theyalsosaythatwithoutabasiceducation,poorborrowersaren'tequippedtomanagethebusinessestheycreate.B.Ingeneral,theloansare100USDorless,usuallypaidbackwithinsixmonths.C.Borrowersneedtoprovidethecredithistory,whichthelenderswilluseasthecriteriawhenevaluatingaloan.D.Theymay,however,ignoresystematiccausesoflarge-scalepoverty.E.Mostmicrocreditagenciesarestrugglingasthevastmajorityofloansarenotpaidback.F.Ithasgivenoutmorethaneightbilliondollarsinloanstopeoplewhocouldneverborrowmoneyotherwise.参考答案：44.B

45.F

46.A

47.D【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了小额信贷的历史以及利与弊。【44题详解】空前说小额信贷是向穷人提供非常小的短期贷款的做法，接下来是对这一句的解释说明，故B项（一般来说，贷款额在100美元或以下，通常在六个月内还清）符合语境。【45题详解】空前说格拉明银行成立于1976年，是小额信贷的先驱，此处承接上文，讲的是格拉明银行为小额信贷所做的贡献，F项中的It指代的就是GrameenBank，故F项（它已经向那些再也借不到钱的人发放了80多亿美元的贷款）符合语境。【46题详解】空前说那些没有动力的人在偿还贷款后的境况并不会更好，因为贷款并不总是用于企业，此处承接上文，讲的还是关于这些人的想法或做法，故A项（他们还说，没有基础教育，贫穷的借贷者就没有能力管理他们创建的企业）符合语境。【47题详解】空前说小额信贷背后的想法令人振奋：所有人都充满了潜力，一点小小的帮助就能帮助整个家庭生活得更好，空后又说时间和深入的研究将告诉我们，小额信贷是否真的是一个奇迹，这说明此处应该会体现出小额信贷存在的问题，故D项（然而，它们可能忽视大规模贫困的系统性原因）符合语境。【点睛】在六选四的解题过程中，被选选项中出现的代词与上文出现的某一名词之间的指代关系往往是重要线索，例如本篇第2题，根据空前的“GrameenBank,startedasaprojectin1976,isapioneerofmicrocredit”可知，格拉明银行成立于1976年，是小额信贷的先驱，此处承接上文，讲的是格拉明银行为小额信贷所做的贡献，F项中的It指代的就是前面出现的GrameenBank，故F项（它已经向那些再也借不到钱的人发放了80多亿美元的贷款）符合语境。三、阅读理解19.阅读—列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Batteriescanpoweranythingfromsmallsensorstolargesystems.Whilescientistsarefindingwaystomakethemsmallerbutevenmorepowerful,problemscanarisewhenthesebatteriesaremuchlargerandheavierthanthedevicesthemselves.UniversityofMissouri(MU)researchersaredevelopinganuclearenergysourcethatissmaller,lighterandmoreefficient.“Toprovideenoughpower,weneedcertainmethodswithhighenergydensity”，saidJaeKwon,assistantprofessorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringatMU.“Theradioisotope(放射性同位素)batterycanprovidepowerdensitythatismuchhigherthanchemicalbatteries.”Kwonandhisresearchteamhavebeenworkingonbuildingasmallnuclearbattery,presentlythesizeandthicknessofapenny,intendedtopowervariousmicro/nanoelectromechanicalsystems(M/NEMS).Althoughnuclearbatteriescancauseconcerns,Kwonsaidtheyaresafe.“Peopleheartheword‘nuclear’andthinkofsomethingverydangerous,”hesaid,“However,nuclearpowersourceshavealreadybeensafelypoweringavarietyofdevices,suchaspace-makers,spacesatellitesandunderwatersystems.”Hisnewideaisnotonlyinthebattery’ssize,butalsoinitssemiconductor(半导体).Kwon’sbatteryusesaliquidsemiconductorratherthanasolidsemiconductor.“Thekeypartofusingaradioactivebatteryisthatwhenyouharvesttheenergy,partoftheradiationenergycandamagethelatticestructureofthesolidsemiconductor,”Kwonsaid,“Byusingaliquidsemiconductor,webelievewecanminimizethatproblem.”TogetherwithJ.DavidRobertson,chemistryprofessorandassociatedirectoroftheMUResearchReactor,Kwonisworkingtobuildandtestthebattery.Inthefuture,theyhopetoincreasethebattery’spower,shrinkitssizeandtrywithvariousothermaterials.Kwonsaidthatbatterycouldbethinnerthanthethicknessofhumanhair.41.WhichofthefollowingistrueofJaeKwon?A.HeteacheschemistryatMU.

B.Hedevelopedachemicalbattery.C.H