Unit4FunwithscienceWeleandReading课件高中英语牛津译林版选修第一册

Unit4

Funwithscience

ReadingThehumanmicrobiome:aninvisiblemicrouniverse1.Accordingtothetitleandthepicturebesideit,whatdoyou

thinktheblogpostismainlyabout?Theblogpostmightbemainlyaboutthemicroorganismsandhowtheyaffecthumanhealth.

Theseinvisiblemicroorganismsliveinandonourbodyinmanydifferentkindsofforms.Readtheblogpostagaincarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Whatistheoutlineoftheblogpost?IntroductionPara.1:Microorganismsinfluenceourbodyandmindinbigunexpectedways.ConclusionMainBodyPara.6:Para.2:Para.5:Paras.3–4:Microorganismsinfluenceourphysicalhealthaswellascognitiveandpsychologicalwell-being.____________________________________________________________________________________Theworldofmicroorganismsisfilledwithpossibilitieswaitingtobeexplored._________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Microorganismscanbeusedtoimprovehumanhealth.Readtheblogpostagaincarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Whatistheoutlineoftheblogpost?2.What’sthemainideaoftheblogpost?Summarizeitin

onesentence.Microorganismsareaninseparablepartofourbody,

whichaffectusphysically,cognitivelyandpsychologically.Watchthevideoandthendothefollowingtasks.BYYUSHEN1Thehumanmicrobiome:aninvisiblemicrouniverseincludingwithhelpingthattoBYYUSHEN1Thehumanmicrobiome:aninvisiblemicrouniverseAsaresult,_________thepropermixofmicroorganismsinthegut,wemightsufferfromhealthproblemslike________(obese).Addedtothis,microorganismscaninfluencecertainaspectsofoursleeppatterns.Ifwestayupallnightortravel________(rapid)throughmanytimezones,wemayinterruptthemicroorganisms'biologicalschedules,_______islikelytocausea____________(disturb)inournormalsleeproutine.withoutobesityrapidlywhichdisturbanceBYYUSHEN1Thehumanmicrobiome:aninvisiblemicrouniversebeyondhowstressedreleasingBYYUSHEN1Thehumanmicrobiome:aninvisiblemicrouniverseFurthermore,gutmicroorganismshelpregulatebrainchemistrywithcertainchemicalstheyproduce,soan__________(balance)ofbeneficialandharmfulmicroorganismsinthegutcannegativelyaffectbrainchemistry.Thesegut-brain____________(interaction)sometimesresultinsuchproblemsasmemorylossand_________(depress).Itisthereforeimportant______wetakegoodcareofourgutmicroorganismssoastoimproveourcognitivecapabilitiesandenhanceourpsychologicalhealth.imbalanceinteractionsthatdepressionReadtheblogpostagaincarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Howmanymicroorganismsliveinandonourbody?About39trillion.(Line2)2.Whyarethemicroorganismswereceivefromourmotheressential?

Becauseweneedthemtosurviveandgrow.(Line9)3.Howdoesthegutmicrobiomeregulateourbodyweight?

Ithelpsdigestfoodandaffectsthewaywestorefatandrespondtochemicalsthatmakeusfeelhungryorfull.(Line20)4.Whenwillgutmicroorganismsreleaseharmfulsubstances?Whenthebodyisstressed,illorold.(Line23)5.Whatbenefitscould“microbiomevaccines”provide?Theycouldgetridofhealthissueslikeobesityandmalnutrition.(L47)1____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Themainbodymodifying“microorganism”2Furthermore,thefindingsofhowthemicrobiomeaffectspsychologicalhealthhavegivenrisetoawholenewclassofmedicinesthatcouldbeusedfortreatingseriousmentalillnesses,aswellasrelievingdailystressandanxiety.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________themainbodyadverbialTherelativenoun“that”guidestheattributiveclausemodifying“medicines”Theprepositionanditsobjectclauseadverbial

Howdoyouunderstandthesentence“Eventhoughincrediblysmall,thesemicroorganismsinfluenceourbodyandmindinbigunexpectedways.”inLines4–6?Ithinkitisasmartchoicetousethewords“small”and“big”.“Small”meansthatthesemicroorganismsaresotinythattheyareinvisibletothenakedeye.And“big”meanstheyplayaveryimportantroleininfluencingusphysicallyandmentally.1.Inexpositorywriting,theauthorusuallyexplainsordescribesatheoryoranobjectfromgeneraltospecific.Discusshowtheauthororganizestheblogpost.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorstatestheinfluenceofmicroorganismsonhumanbeingsinageneralwaybywriting“thesemicroorganismsinfluenceourbodyandmindinbigunexpectedways”.Thisisageneralstatementofthemainidea.Inthefollowingparagraphs,theauthormakesspecificpointsaboutthegeneralstatement.Inthethirdparagraph,theauthortalksabouthowmicroorganismsaffectusphysicallyandinthefourthparagraph,howmicroorganismsinfluenceuscognitivelyandpsychologicallyismentioned.2.Boththefirstandsecondparagraphsoftheblogpostbeginwithaquestionandanswer.Whatisthefunctionofthiswritingtechnique?Thefunctionofthequestionsatthestartoftheparagraphsis

tograbthereader’sinterest.Thequestionsarefollowedimmediatelybytheanswers,sothereader’scuriosityisquicklysatisfied.Thistechniquekeepsthemengagedtocontinuereadingtofindoutmore.Theauthorusesthequotationmarkstoemphasizetheword.Byusingtherhetoricaldeviceofpersonification,theauthorvividlydescribestheinteractionsbetweenthebrainandthegut.B1onP47:1)isestimated

2)thenakedeye3)incredibly

4)wasrevealed5)enhanced

6)blend7)arecapableof8)imbalanceExpressions:behometoisolatefromsequencebacteriaongoingcastlightonprobioticantibioticsPartAonP72:1)gotogreatlengths

2)insight3)panicked4)hasbeenengagedin5)tireless

6)trialanderror7)cancelout

8)alikePartDonP73:1.found2.types

3.on4.quicken

5.what6.producing

7.their8.an

9.creating10.decadesPET/consume/enzymegetdownto/nanomaterial/custom-madeTheblogpostasksandanswersaquestiontointroducethetopicofthehumanmicrobiome.Findthequestionandanswerintheblogpostandusethesametechniquetointroducethetopicoftheapplicationsofmicroorganismsindailylife.Usethefollowinginformationtohelpyou.ApplicationsofmicroorganismsindailylifeFoodanddrinksyoghurt,cheese,beer,wine,etc.Medicineprobioticdrugs,antibiotics,etc.Howdoweapplymicroorganismsinourdailylives?Microorganismscanbeusedtocreatedifferenttypesoffoodanddrinks.Forexample,wecanaddcertainmicroorganismstonaturalproductssuchasmilk,fruitandvegetables.Throughtheiruniqueinteractionswiththemicroorganisms,theyaretransformedintoyoghurt,cheese,wineorbeer.Besides,wealsousemicroorga