中国科学技术大学人文与社会科学学院211翻译硕士英语专业硕士历年考研真题及详解

目录

2014年中国科学技术大学人文与社会

科学学院211翻译硕士英语真题及详解

2015年中国科学技术大学人文与社会

科学学院211翻译硕士英语真题及详解

2016年中国科学技术大学人文与社会

科学学院211翻译硕士英语真题及详解

2014年中国科学技术大学人文与社会科学学院211翻译硕士英语真题及

详解

SECTIONIVOCABULARY(20points)

Directions:Inthissection,therearetwentysentenceswithonewordor

phraseunderlined.ChooseoneofthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDthat

bestkeepsthemeaningofthesentenceifitissubstitutedfortheunderlined

wordorphrase.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

1．Aswithanysituationinvolvingfirstaid,medicalassistanceshouldbe

calledforinaflash.

A.cautiously

B.immediately

C.properly

D.delicately

【答案】B

【解析】句意：任何需要急救的时刻，我们都应当立刻通知相关医疗救

助机构。本题考查的是短语与词义辨析，inaflash瞬间；立刻。

immediately立即，立刻。二者词义相近，故为正确答案。cautiously慎重

地，谨慎地。properly适当地；正确地。delicately微妙地；精致地。

2．A(n)accordsignedbythetwosidesinJanuarybroughtaformalendto

thewarinBougainville.

A.contract

B.treaty

C.deal

D.memo

【答案】B

【解析】句意：双方于一月份签署了一份协议，之后布干维尔岛就正式

停火了。本题考查的是词义辨析，accord一致；协议。treaty条约，协

议。二者词义相近，故为正确答案。contract合同；婚约。deal交易；

（美）政策；待遇。memo备忘录。

3．TheUNSecurityCouncilinvestigatesquarrelsbetweennationsand

suggestswaysofsettlingthem.Ifanynationendangersthepeace,thecouncil

mayuseeconomicsanctionsagainstit.

A.restrictions

B.oppressions

C.reforms

D.penalties

【答案】D

【解析】句意：联合国安全理事会负责调查国与国之间的矛盾冲突并提

出解决办法。如果有任何一个国家涉嫌危害世界和平的话，该理事会

就会对此国家进行经济制裁。本题考查的是词义辨析，sanction制裁，

处罚。penalties处罚，惩罚。二者意思相近，故为正确答案。restriction

限制；约束。oppression压抑；镇压。reform改革。

4．Teachers’associationshaveavarietyofpurposes:toimproveteaching,to

defineandprotectteacherrights,andtodisseminateprofessionalinformation

andnews.

A.instruct

B.spread

C.renew

D.advocate

【答案】B

【解析】句意：设立教师协会有一系列的目的：提高教学水平，制定并

保护教师的权益，传播专业信息。本题考查的是词义辨析，disseminate

宣传，传播。spread传播，散布。二者词义相近，故为正确答案，

instruct指导；通知。renew使更新，续借。advocate提倡，主张。

5．Dividedbytheirinternalsquabbles.LaborPartylostinthegeneral

electionsofJune1983.

A.displacement

B.disconnections

C.dissatisfaction

D.disagreements

【答案】D

【解析】句意：共党因内部矛盾而分裂，因而于1983年6月的大选中落

败。本题考查的是词义辨析，squabble口角；大声争吵。disagreement不

一致；争论。二者词义相近，故为正确答案，二者词义相近，故为正确

答案。displacement取代，位移。disconnection断开；分离，切断。

dissatisfaction不满；令人不满的事物。

6．Africaincludessomeofthepoorestcountriesintheworld.Inmuchof

AfricasouthoftheSahara,harshenvironmentalconditionsexacerbatethe

conditionsofpoverty.

A.affect

B.worsen

C.alter

D.ruin

【答案】B

【解析】句意：一些最贫困的国家位于非洲。撒哈拉沙漠以南地区环境

恶劣，加剧了贫困。本题考查的是词义辨析，exacerbate使加剧；使恶

化。worsen恶化；变得更坏。二者词义相近，故为正确答案。affect影

响；感染。alter改变；修改。ruin毁灭；使破产。

7．Dramaticchangesinphysicalstatureandfeaturesareassociatedwiththe

onsetofpuberty.

A.start

B.delay

C.shift

D.maturity

【答案】A

【解析】句意：青春期开始的时候，人的身材和容貌都会发生巨大的变

化。本题考查的是词义辨析，onset开始，着手。start开始；启动。二者

词义相近，故为正确答案。delay延期；耽搁。shift移动；转变。

maturity成熟；到期。

8．Thegriefmayturntodepressionwhenconventionalformsofsocial

supporthaveceasedandoutsidersarenolongerofferinghelpandsolace.

A.advice

B.tolerance

C.praise

D.comfort

【答案】D

【解析】句意：如果传统的社会支持停止，而且外来者不在提供帮助与

慰藉的话，悲伤的人可能会变的沮丧。本题考查的是词义辨析，solace

安慰；慰藉。comfort安慰；舒适。二者词义相近，故为正确答案。

advice建议；忠告。tolerance公差；宽容。praise赞美，歌颂。

9．Thetraditionaldefinitionofmurderrequiredthemurderertopossess

certainintent.Noactualspiteisrequired.

A.hatred

B.excuse

C.motive

D.plot

【答案】A

【解析】句意：谋杀罪的定义是谋杀者带有一定的目的，不一定是谋杀

者很憎恨受害者。本题考查的是词义辨析，spite不顾；恶意；怨恨。

hatred憎恨；怨恨。二者词义相近，故为正确答案。excuse借口；理

由。motive动机，目的。plot密谋；策划。

10．Faxserviceisindicativeofatrendinwhichtheworldsofthetelephone,

thecomputer,andtelevisionaregraduallymeldingtogether,possiblyinto

oneall-purposeinstrument.

A.motivating

B.molding

C.merging

D.modifying

【答案】C

【解析】句意：传真电话业务的出现表明现在出现一种趋势，那就是电

话，电脑以及电视正在逐渐融为一体，很可能合成为一种全能的电器。

本题考查的是词义辨析，meld合并；混合。merge合并；融合。二者词

义相近，故为正确答案。motivate刺激；使有动机。mold塑造；使发

霉。modify修改，修饰。

11．Ingeneralitcanbesaidthatthepostmodernistsvalueindividuality,

intimacy,complexity,andoccasionallyevenhumor.

A.closeness

B.similarity

C.fitness

D.relation

【答案】A

【解析】句意：大体来讲，后现代主义信徒珍视个人主义，亲密行为，

复杂性，有时候甚至珍视幽默感。本题考查的是词义辨析，intimacy性

行为；亲密；亲昵行为。closeness亲密；接近，二者词义相近，故为正

确答案。similarity类似；相似点。fitness健康；适当。relation关系；叙

述。

12．TheriseofGermanpowerduringWorldWarIItriggeredtheformation

ofananti-Germancoalition,consistingoftheSovietUnion,Britain,the

UnitedStates,andothercountries.

A.setoff

B.setabout

C.setup

D.setdown

【答案】A

【解析】句意：二战期间德国力量的强大使得一些国家形成了反德联

盟，其中包括苏联，美国以及其它一些国家。本题考查的是短语辨析，

trigger引发，引起。setoff出发；引起；动身。该短语有引起的意思与

trigger相近，故为正确答案。setabout着手；开始做。setup建立，装

配，开业。setdown记下；看作。

13．AfricanAmericanhistoryisintertwinedwiththatofblacksinLatin

AmericaandtheCaribbean.

A.related

B.confused

C.included

D.connected

【答案】D

【解析】句意：非裔美国人的历史与拉丁黑人，加勒比人的历史相互交

错。本题考查的是词义辨析，beintertwinedwith与……纠缠在一起。is

connectedwith...与……有关。二者词义相近，故为正确答案。berelated

with...与……有关系。include包含，包括。

14．EconomicDevelopmentAdministration,establishedin1965,assists

countyandstateofficialsinimplementingstrategiestohaltorreverselong-

termeconomicdeterioration.

A.enable

B.stop

C.reduce

D.solve

【答案】B

【解析】句意：经济发展局建于1965年，主要是为了帮助州官员施行策

略以停止或者逆转长期的经济恶化问题。本题考查的是词义辨析，halt

使停止；使立定。stop停止；堵塞。二者词义相近，故为正确答案。

enable使能够，使成为可能。reduce减少，降低。solve解决。

15．HumanshavelivedinAsiasinceprehistorictimes,whentheyroamed

largestretchesofthecontinentinquestoffoodandshelter.

A.demand

B.supply

C.dream

D.search

【答案】D

【解析】句意：人类早在史前时期就定居亚洲了，那时他们为了找到食

物和定居的地方走了很远。本题考查的是短语辨析，inquestof...探寻，

寻求。insearchof...寻找；搜寻。二者词义相近，故为正确答案。in

demandof...需求，需要。Insupplyof...供应。dreamof梦想，梦见。

16．LloydD.Johnson,whohastrackedteendrugtrendssince1975,seesthe

countryinthesamepositiontodayasitwasinthelate1960swhenanti-drug

attitudesbrokeanduseskyrocketed.

A.increased

B.discontinued

C.prolonged

D.enforced

【答案】A

【解析】句意：LloydD.Johnson自1975年就开始研究青少年毒品使用问

题，见证了今日这个国家的情况20世纪70年代末差不多，当时反毒品情

绪日益高涨。本题考查的是词义辨析，skyrocket飞涨，突然高升。

increase增加，增大。二者词义相近，故为正确答案。discontinue停止；

使中止。prolong延长；拖延。enforce实施，执行。

17．Otherspecialequipmentanddrug-sniffingdogsarealsousedtolocate

clandestinenarcoticsinsuspectvehicles.

A.harmful

B.furtive

C.hidden

D.dangerous

【答案】B

【解析】句意：其他特殊的设备和缉毒犬都可以用来在可疑车辆上搜寻

私藏的麻醉毒品。本题考查的是词义辨析，clandestine私下的；偷偷摸

摸的。furtive鬼鬼祟祟的，秘密的。二者词义相近，故为正确答案。

harmful有害的；能造成损害的。hidden隐藏的。dangerous危险的。

18．Gameisauniversalformofrecreationgenerallyincludinganyactivity

engagedinfordiversionandoftenestablishingasituationthatinvolvesa

contestorrivalry.

A.variety

B.amusement

C.deviation

D.alteration

【答案】B

【解析】句意：游戏是一种喜闻乐见的娱乐方式，通常包括转移注意力

的所有活动，而且会创造一种竞争或者敌对的环境。本题考查的是词义

辨析，diversion转移；消遣；分散注意力。amusement消遣，娱乐；乐

趣。二者词义相近，故为正确答案。variety多样；种类。deviation偏

差；误差；背离。alteration修改，改变。

19．Hehasalreadygarneredthewholefishingworks,rod,reeltacklebox,

netandthecome-ons.

A.selected

B.classified

C.assorted

D.collected

【答案】D

【解析】句意：他已经获得了一整套的钓鱼工具，其中包括钓竿，网以

及饵料。本题考查的是词义辨析，garner获得；储存；把……储入谷

仓。collect收集；聚集。二者词义相近，故为正确答案。select挑选；选

拔。classify分类；分等。assort协调；交往。

20．WhenthegovernmentoptedforthebuildingoftheSpecialEconomic

Zoneonrichfarmland,they,atfirst,metwithstronglocalopposition.

A.justified

B.preferred

C.selected

D.suggested

【答案】C

【解析】句意：政府在一座富饶的农场上为经济特区选址，但是他们一

开始就遇到了阻力。本题考查的是词义辨析，opt选择，select挑选；选

拔，二者词义相近，故为正确答案。justify证明……是正当的；替……

辩护，prefer更喜欢；宁愿，suggest提议，建议。

SECTIONIIREADINGCOMPREHENSION(40points)

PartA

Directions:Therearethreepassagesin(hissection.Eachpassageisfollowed

bysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefour

choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceand

thenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

PassageOne

Questions21-25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Whydoescreamgobadfasterthanbutter?Someresearchersthinktheyhave

theanswer,anditcomesdowntothestructureofthefood,notitschemical

composition—afindingthatcouldhelpridsomeprocessedfoodsofchemical

preservatives.

Creamandbuttercontainprettymuchthesamesubstances,sowhycream

shouldsourmuchfasterhasbeenamystery.Bothareemulsions—tiny

globules(小球体）ofoneliquidevenlydistributedthroughoutanother.The

differenceliesinwhat’sintheglobulesandwhat’sinthesurroundingliquid,

saysBrocklehurst,wholedtheinvestigation.

Incream,fattyglobulesdriftaboutinaseaofwater.Inbutter,globulesofa

waterysolutionarelockedawayinaseaoffat.Thebacteriawhichmakethe

foodgobadprefertoliveinthewateryregionsofthemixture.“Thismeans

thatincream,thebacteriaarefreetogrowthroughoutthemixture,”hesays.

Whenthesituationisreversed,thebacteriaarelockedawayincompartments

burieddeepintheseaoffat.Trappedinthisway,individualcoloniescannot

spreadandrapidlyrunoutofnutrients.Theyalsoslowlypoisonthemselves

withtheirwasteproducts.“Inbutter,yougetaself-limitingsystemwhich

stopsthebacteriagrowing,”saysBrocklehurst.

Theresearchersarealreadyworkingwithfoodcompanieskeentoseeiftheir

productscanbemaderesistanttobacterialattackthroughalterationstothe

foodstructure.Brocklehurstbelievesitwillbepossibletomakethe

emulsionsusedinsaladcream,forinstance,morelikethatinbutter.Thekey

willbetodothiswhilekeepingthesaladcreamliquidandnotturningitinto

asolidlump.

21．ThesignificanceofBrocklehurst’sresearchisthat_____.

A.itsuggestedawaytokeepsomefoodsfreshwithoutpreservatives

B.itdiscoveredtinyglobulesinbothcreamandbutter

C.itrevealedthesecretofhowbacteriamultiplyincreamandbutter

D.itfoundthatcreamandbuttersharethesamechemicalcomposition

22．Accordingtotheresearchers,creamsoursfastthanbutterbecause

bacteria_____.

A.aremoreevenlydistributedincream

B.multiplymoreeasilyincreamthaninbutter

C.liveonlessfatincreamthaninbutter

D.producelesswasteincreamthaninbutter

23．AccordingtoBrocklehurst,wecankeepcreamfreshby_____.

A.removingitsfat

B.killingthebacteria

C.reducingitswatercontent

D.alteringitsstructure

24．Theword“colonies”(Line2,Para.4)refersto_____.

A.tinyglobules

B.wateryregions

C.bacteriacommunities

D.littlecompartments

25．Commercialapplicationoftheresearchfindingwillbepossibleifsalad

creamcanbemaderesistanttobacterialattack_____.

A.byvaryingitschemicalcomposition

B.byturningitintoasolidlump

C.whilekeepingitsstructureunchanged

D.whileretainingitsliquidform

【答案与解析】

21．A根据第一段第二句话“Someresearchersthinktheyhavetheanswer,

anditcomesdowntothestructureofthefood,notitschemicalcomposition

—afindingthatcouldhelpridsomeprocessedfoodsofchemical

preservatives.”这一新发现可以帮助某些加工食品摆脱防腐剂。这就是研

究的重要意义，所以答案是A。

22．B根据第三段最后两句话Thebacteriawhichmakethefoodgobad

prefertoliveinthewateryregionsofthemixture.“Thismeansthatincream,

thebacteriaarefreetogrowthroughoutthemixture,”hesays.使食物变坏的

细菌喜欢生活在这种混合物水域内，这些细菌在奶油这种混合物中可以

自由生长。B项细菌在奶油中繁殖比在黄油中容易，就是正确答案。

23．D根据最后一段第一句话。“Theresearchersarealreadyworking

withfoodcompanieskeentoseeiftheirproductscanbemaderesistantto

bacterialattackthroughalterationstothefoodstructure.”Alterationstothe

food‟sstructure。选D。而且文章第一段说：奶油比黄油坏得快归因于食

物的结构。那么要保鲜，要让它坏得慢当然是要改变结构了。A、B、C

都是文中没有提到的内容。

24．C要从所有格、单复数、位置、意义等方面上找答案，因为该词只

会指代前面出现的内容。colonies是复数名词，前面出现的复数名词有

thebacteria和compartments，答案在CD里面。再看文中第四段第一二句

话“Whenthesituationisreversed,thebacteriaarelockedawayin

compartmentsburieddeepintheseaoffat.Trappedinthisway,individual

coloniescannotspreadandrapidlyrunoutofnutrients.”如果情况相反，细

菌困于间隔中，位于脂肪内部，如果是这样的话，单个的细菌种群就不

能展开，并且会很快耗尽养料。所以colonies是bacteriacommunities。

25．D根据最后一段最后一句话“Thekeywillbetodothiswhilekeeping

thesaladcreamliquidandnotturningitintoasolidlump.”关键是这样做时

要使沙拉酱保持液态状态，而不是把它变成固态块状。retaining和

keeping是同义转换。

PassageTwo

Questions26-30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Americansareproudoftheirvarietyandindividuality,yettheyloveand

respectfewthingsmorethanauniform,whetheritistheuniformofan

elevatoroperatorortheuniformofafive-stargeneral.Whyareuniformsso

popularintheUnitedStates?

Amongtheargumentsforuniforms,oneofthefirstisthatintheeyesofmost

peopletheylookmoreprofessionalthancivilianclothes.Peoplehavebecome

conditionedtoexpectsuperiorqualityfromamanwhowearsauniform.The

televisionrepairmanwhowearsuniformtendstoinspiremoretrustthanone

whoappearsincivilianclothes.Faithintheskillofagaragemechanicis

increasedbyauniform.Whateasierwayisthereforanurse,apoliceman,a

barber,orawaitertoloseprofessionalidentitythantostepoutofuniform?

Uniformsalsohavemanypracticalbenefits.Theysaveonotherclothes.They

saveonlaundrybills.Theyaretax-deductible.Theyareoftenmore

comfortableandmoredurablethancivilianclothes.

Primaryamongtheargumentsagainstuniformsistheirlackofvarietyand

theconsequentlossofindividualityexperiencedbypeoplewhomustwear

them.Thoughtherearemanytypesofuniforms,thewearerofanyparticular

typeisgenerallystuckwithit,withoutchange,untilretirement.Whenpeople

lookalike,theytendtothink,speak,andactsimilarly,onthejobatleast.

Uniformsalsogiverisetosomepracticalproblems.Thoughtheyarelong-

lasting,oftentheirinitialexpenseisgreaterthanthecostofcivilianclothes.

Someuniformsarealsoexpensivetomaintain,requiringprofessionaldry

cleaningratherthanthehomelaunderingpossiblewithmanytypesofcivilian

clothes.

26．ItissurprisingthatAmericanswhoworshipvarietyandindividuality

_____.

A.stilljudgeamanbyhisclothes

B.holdtheuniforminsuchhighregard

C.enjoyhavingaprofessionalidentity

D.willrespectanelevatoroperatorasmuchasageneralinuniform

27．Peopleareaccustomedtothinkthatamaninuniform_____.

A.suggestsqualitywork

B.discardshissocialidentity

C.appearstobemorepractical

D.lookssuperiortoapersonincivilianclothes

28．Thechieffunctionofauniformisto_____.

A.providepracticalbenefitstothewearer

B.makethewearercatchthepubiceye

C.inspirethewearer’sconfidenceinhimself

D.providethewearerwithaprofessionalidentity

29．Accordingtothepassage,peoplewearinguniforms_____.

A.areusuallyhelpful

B.havelittleornoindividualfreedom

C.tendtolosetheirindividuality

D.enjoygreaterpopularity

30．Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe_____.

A.UniformsandSociety

B.TheImportanceofWearingaUniform

C.PracticalBenefitsofWearingaUniform

D.AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofUniforms

【答案与解析】

26．B根据第一段第一句“Americansareproudoftheirvarietyand

individuality,yettheyloveandrespectfewthingsmorethanauniform,

whetheritistheuniformofanelevatoroperatorortheuniformofafive-star

general.”美国人为自己的不同与个性感到自豪，但是他们竟然罕见地尊

重穿制服的人，不论是电梯操作员还是五星上校，只要穿着制服，他们

都很尊重，故答案为B。

27．A根据第二段第二句话“Peoplehavebecomeconditionedtoexpect

superiorqualityfromamanwhowearsauniform.”我们可知人们易认为穿

制服的人工作质量更高。故答案为A。

28．D根据第二段最后一句话“Whateasierwayisthereforanurse,a

policeman,abarber,orawaitertoloseprofessionalidentitythantostepout

ofuniform?”我们可知制服是专业身份的象征。

29．C根据第四段第一句话“Primaryamongtheargumentsagainst

uniformsistheirlackofvarietyandtheconsequentlossofindividuality

experiencedbypeoplewhomustwearthem.”我们知道制服的缺点就是丧

失个性。

30．D由“practicalbenefits”“argumentsagainst”“practicalproblems”可知

本文讲的是制服的优缺点。

PassageThree

Questions31-35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Engineeringstudentsaresupposedtobeexamplesofpracticalityand

rationality,butwhenitcomestomycollegeeducationIamanidealistanda

fool.InhighschoolIwantedtobeanelectricalengineerand,ofcourse,any

sensiblestudentwithmyaimswouldhavechosenacollegewithalarge

engineeringdepartment,famousreputationandlotsofgoodlabsandresearch

equipment.Butthat’snotwhatIdid.

Ichosetostudyengineeringatasmallliberal-artsuniversitythatdoesn’t

evenofferamajorinelectricalengineering.Obviously,thiswasnota

practicalchoice;Icamehereformorenoblereasons.Iwantedabroad

educationthatwouldprovidemewithflexibilityandavaluesystemtoguide

meinmycareer.Iwantedtoopenmyeyesandexpandmyvisionby

interactingwithpeoplewhoweren’tstudyingscienceorengineering.My

parents,teachersandotheradultspraisedmeforsuchasensiblechoice.They

toldmeIwaswiseandmaturebeyondmy18years,andIbelievedthem.

IheadedofftocollegesureIwasgoingtohaveanadvantageoverthose

studentswhowenttobigengineering“factories”wheretheydidn’tcareif

youhavevaluesorwereflexible.Iwasgoingtobeacompleteengineer:

technicalgeniusandsensitivehumanistallinone.

NowI’mnotsosure.Somewherealongthewaymynobleidealscrashedinto

reality,asallnobleidealseventuallydo.Afterthreeyearsofstrugglingto

balancemath,physicsandengineeringcourseswithliberal-artscourses,I

havelearnedtherearereasonswhyfewengineeringstudentstrytoreconcile

engineeringwithliberal-artscoursesincollege.

Therealitythathasblockedmypathtobecomethetypicalsuccessfulstudent

isthatengineeringandtheliberalartssimplydon’tmixaseasilyasI

assumedinhighschool.Individuallytheyshapeapersoninverydifferent

ways;togethertheythreatentoconfuse.Thestruggletoreconcilethetwo

fieldsofstudyisdifficult.

31．Theauthorchosetostudyengineeringatasmallliberal-artsuniversity

becausehe_____.

A.wantedtobeanexampleofpracticalityandrationality

B.intendedtobeacombinationofengineerandhumanist

C.wantedtocoordinateengineeringwithliberal-artscoursesincollege

D.intendedtobeasensiblestudentwithnobleideals

32．Accordingtotheauthor,byinteractingwithpeoplewhostudyliberal

arts,engineeringstudentscan_____.

A.balanceengineeringandtheliberalarts

B.receiveguidanceintheircareers

C.becomenobleidealists

D.broadentheirhorizons

33．Intheeyesoftheauthor,asuccessfulengineeringstudentisexpected

_____.

A.tohaveanexcellentacademicrecord

B.tobewiseandmature

C.tobeimaginativewithavaluesystemtoguidehim

D.tobeatechnicalgeniuswithawidevision

34．Theauthor’sexperienceshowsthathewas_____.

A.creative

B.ambitious

C.unrealistic

D.irrational

35．Theword“they”in“…togethertheythreatentoconfuse.”（Line3,

Para.5)refersto_____.

A.engineeringandtheliberalarts

B.realityandnobleideals

C.flexibilityandavaluesystem

D.practicalityandrationality

【答案与解析】

31．B根据第三段最后一句话“Iwasgoingtobeacompleteengineer:

technicalgeniusandsensitivehumanistallinone.”说明作者既想做工程师

又想做人文主义者。

32．D根据第二段的第四五句话“Iwantedabroadeducationthatwould

providemewithflexibilityandavaluesystemtoguidemeinmycareer.I

wantedtoopenmyeyesandexpandmyvisionbyinteractingwithpeople

whoweren’tstudyingscienceorengineering.”说明作者想扩大自己的眼

界，故答案为D。

33．D根据最后一段第一句话“Therealitythathasblockedmypathto

becomethetypicalsuccessfulstudentisthatengineeringandtheliberalarts

simplydon’tmixaseasilyasIassumedinhighschool.”说明作者想成为的

成功人士是眼界广阔的天才技师。

34．C根据倒数第二段第一句话“NowI’mnotsosure.Somewherealong

thewaymynobleidealscrashedintoreality,asallnobleidealseventually

do.”说明作者的高尚的理想与现实相撞，说明作者的想法有些不切实

际。

35．A根据最后一段最后三句话“Individuallytheyshapeapersoninvery

differentways;togethertheythreatentoconfuse.Thestruggletoreconcile

thetwofieldsofstudyisdifficult.”说明作者想让工程与人文学科相融合，

但是这个过程又特别艰难，工程与人文学科单独可以从不同方面塑造人

生，但是放在一起就不大容易了。

PartB

Directions:InPartBthereisashortpassagewithfivequestionsor

incompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthe

questionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords(not

exceeding10words.)

Formanywomenchoosingwhethertoworkornottoworkoutsidetheir

homeisaluxury:theymustworktosurvive.Othersfaceaharddecision.

Perhapstheeasiestchoicehastodowitheconomics.Onehusbandsaid,

“MargeandIdecidedaftercarefulconsiderationthatforhertogobackto

workatthismomentwasanextravagancewecouldn’tafford,”Withtwo

preschoolchildren,itsoonbecameclearintheirfiguringthatwith

babysitters,transportation,andincreasedtaxes,ratherthanhavingmore

money,theymightactuallyendupwithless.

Economicfactorsareusuallythefirsttobeconsidered,buttheyarenotthe

mostimportant.Themostimportantaspectsofthedecisionhavetodowith

theemotionalneedsofeachmemberofthefamily.Itisinthisareathat

husbandsandwivesfindthemselveshavingtofacemanyconfusingand

conflictingfeelings.

Therearemanywomenwhofindthathomemakingisboringorwhofeel

imprisonediftheyhavetostayhomewithayoungchildorseveralchildren.

Ontheotherhand,therearewomenwhothinkthathomemakinggivesthem

thedeepestsatisfaction.

Frommyownexperience,Iwouldliketosuggestthatsometimethedecision

togobacktoworkismadeintoomuchhaste.TherearefewdecisionsthatI

nowregretmore.Iwasn’tmatureenoughtoseehowmuchIcouldhave

gainedathome.Iregretmyimpatiencetogetonwithmycareer.IwishIhad

allowedmyselftheluxuryofwatchingtheworldthroughmylittlegirl’seyes.

36．Whichwordinthefirsttwoparagraphsbestexplainswhymanywomen

havetowork?

37．WhydidMargeandherhusbandthinkitanextravaganceforMargeto

gobacktowork?

38．Whatarethetwomajorconsiderationsindecidingwhetherwomen

shouldgoouttowork?

39．Somewomenwouldratherdohouseworkandtakecareoftheirchildren

thanpursueacareerbecausetheyfeel_____.

40．Ifgivenasecondchance,thewriterwouldprobablychooseto_____.

【答案与解析】

36．Economics.

根据第二段第一句“Perhapstheeasiestchoicehastodowitheconomics.”经

济状况决定女性到底要不要外出工作。

37．BecausetheincreasedcostwillbemorethanMarge’sincome.

根据第二段最后一句话“Withtwopreschoolchildren,itsoonbecameclear

intheirfiguringthatwithbabysitters,transportation,andincreasedtaxes,

ratherthanhavingmoremoney,theymightactuallyendupwithless.”可知该

夫妻有一对学龄前儿童，如果妻子去工作的话，他们得情人照看自己的

孩子，上班需要交通费，还要交税，这样的话，妻子赚的还没有家庭花

的多。

38．Economicfactorsandemotionalneeds.

根据第三段第一二句话“Economicfactorsareusuallythefirsttobe

considered,buttheyarenotthemostimportant.Themostimportantaspects

ofthedecisionhavetodowiththeemotionalneedsofeachmemberofthe

family.”说明女性要不要出去工作取决于两个因素：Economicfactorsand

emotionalneeds.

39．thathomemakinggivesthemthedeepestsatisfaction.

根据第四段最后一句话“Ontheotherhand,therearewomenwhothinkthat

homemakinggivesthemthedeepestsatisfaction.”

40．stayhome.

根据最后一段第一句话“Frommyownexperience,Iwouldliketosuggest

thatsometimethedecisiontogobacktoworkismadeintoomuchhaste.”说

明作者认为当初自己选择出去工作，这个决定太草率了，她希望留在家

里照顾女儿。

SECTIONIIIWRITING(40points)

TopicA(15points)

OnlinesprovidedontheAnswerSheet,writeashortcompositionofabout

150wordsonthefollowingtopic:Friendshipisalwaysasweet

responsibility,neveranopportunity.

【参考范文】

FriendshipisalsoaSweetResponsibility

FromtheperspectiveofChinese,everyoneliveamongvariousrelationships.

Oneimportantrelationshipisfriendshipbecauseeveryoneofus,richor

poor,shouldatleasthaveoneortwogoodfriends.Friendsarepeoplewho

haveintimaterelationshipwithus.Whenwecomeacrossdifficultiesandwe

wanttofindsomeonetopouroutourpentemotions,friendsareonthetopof

ourlists.However,wecan’talwayscomplaintoourfriendswithout

consideringtheirfeelings.Wehavetoberesponsibleforourfriends.When

theycomeacrosssomeproblems,suchasbreakingupwiththeirboy/girl

friends,wehavetocomfortthemastheyofferhelptouswhenweruninto

thesamesituation.Besidesofferingsolacetoourfriends,wehavetohelpour

friendswhentheychooseawrongroadormakeawrongchoicebecausewe

havetheresponsibilityfortheirlives.Duringtheprocessofhelpingour

friends,wecanalsolearnlessonsandwillbecamemature.Itiswhywesay

friendshipisalsoasweetresponsibility.Friendshipisatwo-waystreetand

wehavetopayattentiontoalldetailsinfriends’lives.

【解析】

本文讲的是友谊，友谊是责任。足总和先引入友谊这个话题，阐明了友

谊是什么，朋友是什么，我们碰见不开心的事情时，可以第一时间向朋

友倾诉。但是，我们不能一直单方面地向朋友索取而不加回报，我们应

该在他们遇到困难时以同样地姿态帮助他们，安慰他们。此外，我们还

要帮助一些做出错误选择的人会对正轨。这些都是我们的责任，我们在

帮助朋友的过程中也能获得成长，这就是说友谊是甜甜的责任。

TopicB(25points)

OnlinesprovidedonyourAnswerSheet,youaretowriteacompositionwith

nolessthan250wordstocommentonthefollowingstatementbyDale

Carnegie:“Peoplerarelysucceedunlesstheyhavefuninwhattheyare

doing”.

【参考范文】

LoveYourWork

Mostpeoplegotoworkbecausetheyhavenootherchoice.Theyhaveto

live,tosupporttheentirefamilyandfindsomethingtospendtime.Most

peoplewillquittheirjobsiftheyhaveabetteropportunity.Onlyafew

employeeslovetheirwork,dedicatethemselvestotheirjobsandfocuson

helpingtheirorganizationstoimprove.Mostpeoplegotoworkroutinely,

completetheirworkaccordingtorequirementsandgobackhomeregularly.

Itseemsthattheyderivenopleasurefromtheirworkandworkiskindof

responsibility.AccordingtoDaleCarnegie“Peoplerarelysucceedunless

theyhavefuninwhattheyaredoing.”Peoplewhospendtheirentirelifeon

worksthattheydonotlovecouldn’tleadasuccessfullife.Aswewillspend

mostofourlifeonourwork,weshouldbetterloveourwork.

Firstofall,wecanregardourjobasagreatopportunitytolearnandforge

ourselves.Everydayweencounterdifferentsituations,andwecanlearnmore

whenwetrytosolvesomeproblems.Newknowledgeislikefreshairthat

renewsourlife.Secondly,weareboundtomeetdifferentkindsofpeople.

Wecanlearnhowtointeractwiththemandlearnfromthem.Itoffersthebest

chanceforustofindandcorrectourdefects.Inthiswaywecanbecomea

betterman.Thirdly,whenweloveourworkandpaymoreefforts,wewill

alsoreapmore,suchasexperience,promotionandmoney.Butwhatismost

importantisexperienceandknowledge.

Lovingourworkanddedicatingourselvesintoitwillbringusmanybenefits

andourlifewillbecomemorecolorful.Wecanliveeverydayhappily.

【解析】

本文讲的是要爱工作。第一段作者先讲了许多人每天就是完成自己的工

作，并不爱自己的工作，然后说出自己的观点；我们都要爱自己的工

作。首先，我们要将工作看作是学习的绝佳机会，我们可以学习到很多

新的知识；其次，我们可以在工作的过程中交到许多朋友。从朋友的身

上发现自己的缺点，然后逐一改正。最后如果我们爱自己的工作的话，

工作也会给我们带来一些惊喜，如升职加薪，但这一切物质回报都不比

每天过得快快乐乐来得重要。

2015年中国科学技术大学人文与社会科学学院211翻译硕士英语真题及

详解

SECTIONIVOCABULARY(20points)

Directions:Inthissection,therearetwentysentenceswithonewordor

phraseun