2017考研英语(一)真题与答案

2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（英语一）【试题+答案】

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDon

theANSWERSHEET.(10points)

Couldahugadaykeepthedoctoraway?Theanswermaybearesounding"yes!”1helpingyoufeel

closeand2topeopleyoucareabout,itturnsoutthathugscanbringa3ofhealthbenefitstoyourbody

andmind.Believeitornot,awarmembracemightevenhelpyou4gettingsickthiswinter.

Inarecentstudy5over400healthadults,researchersfromCarnegieMellonUniversityin

Pennsylvaniaexaminedtheeffectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthereceiptofhugs6theparticipants'

susceptibilitytodevelopingthecommoncoldafterbeing7tothevirusPeoplewhoperceivedgreater

socialsupportwerelesslikelytocome8withacold,andtheresearchers9thatthestress-reducing

effectsofhugging10about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.11amongthosewhogotacold,theones

whofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere12.

“Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe13riskforcoldsthat'susually14with

stress,"notesSheldonCohen,aprofessorofpsychologyatCarnegie.Hugging“isamarkerofintimacy

andhelps15thefeelingthatothersaretheretohelp16difficulty.',

Someexperts17thestress-reducing,health-relatedbenefitsofhuggingtothereleaseofoxytocin,

oftencalled"thebondinghormone"18itpromotesattachmentinrelationships,includingthatbetween

motherandtheirnewbornbabies.Oxytocinismadeprimarilyinthecentrallowerpartofthebrain,and

someofitisreleasedintothebloodstream.Butsomeofit19inthebrain,whereit20mood,behaviorand

physiology.

1.[A]Unlike[B]Besides[C]Despite[D]Throughout

【答案】[B]Besides

2.[A]connected[B]restricted[C]equal[D]inferior

【答案】[A]connected

3.[A]choice[B]view[C]lesson[D]host

【答案】[D]host

4.[A]recall[B]forget[C]avoid[D]keep

【答案】[C]avoid

5.[A]collecting[B]involving[C]guiding[D]affecting

【答案】[B]involving

6.[A]of[B]in[C]at[D]on

【答案】[D]on

7.[A]devoted[B]exposed[C]lost[D]attracted

【答案】[B]exposed

8.[A]across[B]along[C]down[D]out

【答案】[C]down

9.[A]calculated[B]denied[C]doubted[D]imagined

【答案】[A]calculated

10.[A]served[B]required[C]restored[D]explained

【答案】[D]explained

11.[A]Even[B]St川[C]Rather[D]Thus

【答案】[A]Even

12.[A]defeats[B]symptoms[C]tests[D]errors

【答案】[B]symptoms

13.[A]minimized[B]highlighted[C]controlled[D]increased

【答案】[D]increased

14.[A]equipped[B]associated[C]presented[D]compared

【答案】[B]associated

15.[A]assess[B]moderate[C]generate[D]record

【答案】[C]generate

16.[A]inthefaceof[B]intheformof[C]inthewayof[D]inthenameof

【答案】[A]inthefaceof

17.[A]transfer[B]commit[C]attribute[D]return

【答案】[C]attribute

18.[A]because[B]unless[C]though[D]until

【答案】[A]because

19.[A]emerges[B]vanishes[C]remains[D]decreases

【答案】[C]remains

20.[A]experiences[B]combines[C]justifies[D]influences

【答案】[D]influences

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.Mark

youranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)

Text1

Firsttwohours,nowthreehours-thisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesarerecommendingpeople

showuptocatchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasinglymassivesecurity

lines.

Americansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurityproceduresinreturnforincreasedsafety.

ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterranean

Seaprovidesanothertragicreminderofwhy.Butdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoo

littlesecurityinreturnunderminespublicsupportfortheprocess.Anditshould:Wastedtimeisadragon

Americans'economicandprivatelives,nottomentioninfuriating.

Lastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministration(TSA)foundinasecretcheckthatundercover

investigatorswereabletosneakweapons—bothfakeandreal-pastairportsecuritynearlyeverytimethey

tried.Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimproving

Chicago'sO'HareInternational.Itisnotyetclearhowmuchmoreeffectiveairlinesecurityhas

become-butthelinesareobvious.

Partoftheissueisthatthegovernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravel,sothe

TSAisnowrushingtogetnewscreenersontheline.Partoftheissueisthatairportshaveonlysomuch

roomforscreeninglanes.Anotherfactormaybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarry-on

bagstoavoidchecked-baggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.

ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:

EnrollmorepeopleinthePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposedtobeawin-winfortravelersandthe

TSA.Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheckareeligibletouseexpeditedscreeninglanes.This

allowstheTSAwantstoenroll25millionpeopleinPreCheck.

Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock.Passengersmustpay

$85everyfiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks.Sincethebeginning,thispricetaghasbeen

PreCheck'sfatalflaw.Upcomingreformsmightbringthepricetoamorereasonablelevel.ButCongress

shouldlookintodoingsodirectly,byhelpingtofinancePreCheckenrollmentortocutcostsinotherways.

TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthe

travelingpublicsuffersinunnecessarylines.Itislongpasttimetomaketheprogramwork.

21.thecrashofEgyptAirFlight804ismentionedto

[A]stresstheurgencytostrengthensecurityworldwide.

[B]highlightthenecessityofupgradingmajorUSairports.

[C]explainAmericans'toleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks.

[D]emphasistheimportanceofprivacyprotection.

【答案】[C]explainAmericans*toleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks.

22.whichofthefollowingcontributionstolongwaitsatmajorairport?

[A]Newrestrictionsoncarry-onbags.

[B]ThedecliningefficiencyoftheTSA.

[C]Anincreaseinthenumberoftravelers.

[D]Frequentunexpectedsecretchecks.

【答案】[C]Anincreaseinthenumberoftravelers.

23.Theword"expedited"(Line4,Para.5)isclosestinmeaningto

[A]faster.

[B]quieter.

[C]wider.

[D]cheaper.

【答案】[A]faster.

24.OneproblemwiththePreCheckprogramis

[A]Adramaticreductionofitsscale.

[B]Itswrongly-directedimplementation.

[C]Thegovernmentsreluctancetobackit.

[D]Anunreasonablepriceforenrollment.

【答案】[D]Anunreasonablepriceforenrollment.

25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

[A]LessScreeningforMoreSafety

[B]PreCheck-aBelatedSolution

[C]GettingStuckinSecurityLines

[D]UnderusedPreCheckLanes

【答案】[B]PreCheck-aBelatedSolution

Text2

“TheancientHawaiianswereastronomers；1wroteQueenLiliuokalani,Hawaii*slastreigningmonarch,

in1897.StarwatcherswereamongthemostesteemedmembersofHawaiiansociety.Sadly,allisnot

wellwithastronomyinHawaiitoday.ProtestshaveeruptedoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeter

Telescope(TMT),agiantobservatorythatpromisestorevolutionizehumanity'sviewofthecosmos.

AtissueistheTMT'splannedlocationonMaunaKea,adormantvolcanoworshipedbysome

Hawaiiansasthepiko,thatconnectstheHawaiianIslandstotheheavens.ButMaunaKeaisalsohome

tosomeoftheworld'smostpowerfultelescopes.RestedinthePacificOcean,MaunaKea'speakrises

abovethebulkofourplanet'sdenseatmosphere,whereconditionsallowtelescopestoobtainimagesof

unsurpassedclarity.

OppositiontotelescopesonMaunaKeaisnothingnew.AsmallbutvocalgroupofHawaiiansand

environmentshavelongviewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectforsacredlandandapainfulreminderofthe

occupationofwhatwasonceasovereignnation.

Someblameforthecurrentcontroversybelongstoastronomers.Intheireagernesstobuildbigger

telescopes,theyforgotthatscienceistheonlywayofunderstandingtheworld.Theydidnotalways

prioritizetheprotectionofMaunaKea'sfragileecosystemsoritsholinesstotheisland'sinhabitants.

Hawaiiancultureisnotarelicofthepast;itisalivingcultureundergoingarenaissancetoday.

Yetsciencehasaculturalhistory,too,withrootsgoingbacktothedawnofcivilization.Thesame

curiositytofindwhatliesbeyondthehorizonthatfirstbroughtearlyPolynesianstoHawaii'sshores

inspiresastronomerstodaytoexploretheheavens.CallstodisassemblealltelescopesonMaunaKeaor

tobanfuturedevelopmentthereignoretherealitythatastronomyandHawaiianculturebothseekto

answerbigquestionsaboutwhoweare,wherewecomefromandwherewearegoing.Perhapsthatis

whyweexplorethestarryskies,asifansweringaprimalcallingtoknowourselvesandourtrueancestral

homes.

TheastronomycommunityismakingcompromisestochangeitsuseofMaunaKea.TheTMTsite

waschosentominimizethetelescope'svisibilityaroundtheislandandtoavoidarchaeologicaland

environmentalimpact.TolimitthenumberoftelescopesonMaunaKea,oldoneswillberemovedatthe

endoftheirlifetimesandtheirsitesreturnedtoanaturalstate.Thereisnoreasonwhyeveryonecannot

bewelcomedonMaunaKeatoembracetheirculturalheritageandtostudythestars.

26.QueenLiliuokalani'sremarkinParagraph1indicates

[A]itsconservativeviewonthehistoricalroleofastronomy.

[B]theimportanceofastronomyinancientHawaiiansociety.

[C]theregrettabledeclineofastronomyinancienttimes.

[D]herappreciationofstarwatchers*featsinhertime.

【答案】[B]theimportanceofastronomyinancientHawaiiansociety.

27.MaunaKeaisdeemedasanidealastronomicalsitedueto

[A]itsgeographicalfeatures

[B]itsprotectivesurroundings.

[C]itsreligiousimplications.

[D]itsexistinginfrastructure.

【答案】[A]itsgeographicalfeatures

28.TheconstructionoftheTMTisopposedbysomelocalspartlybecause

[A]itmayriskruiningtheirintellectuallife.

[B]itremindsthemofahumiliatinghistory.

[C]theirculturewillloseachanceofrevival.

[D]theyfearlosingcontrolofMaunaKea.

【答案】[B]itremindsthemofahumiliatinghistory.

29.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5thatprogressintoday'sastronomy

[A]isfulfillingthedreamsofancientHawaiians.

[B]helpsspreadHawaiiancultureacrosstheworld.

[C]mayuncovertheoriginofHawaiianculture.

[D]willeventuallysoftenHawaiians'hostility.

【答案】[C]mayuncovertheoriginofHawaiianculture.

30.Theauthor'sattitudetowardchoosingMaunaKeaastheTMTsiteisoneof

[A]severecriticism.

[B]passiveacceptance.

[C]slighthesitancy.

[D]fullapproval.

【答案】[D]fullapproval.

Text3

RobertF.Kennedyoncesaidthatacountry'sGDPmeasures"everythingexceptthatwhichmakes

lifeworthwhile.'1WithBritainvotingtoleavetheEuropeanUnion,andGDPalreadypredictedtoslowasa

result,itisnowatimelymomenttoassesswhathewasreferringto.

ThequestionofGDPanditsusefulnesshasannoyedpolicymakersforoverhalfacentury.Many

arguethatitisaflawedconcept.Itmeasuresthingsthatdonotmatterandmissesthingsthatdo.Bymost

recentmeasures,theUK'sGDPhasbeentheenvyoftheWesternworld,withrecordlowunemployment

andhighgrowthfigures.Ifeverythingwasgoingsowell,thenwhydidover17m川ionpeoplevotefor

Brexit,despitethewarningsaboutwhatitcoulddototheircountry'seconomicprospects?

Arecentannualstudyofcountriesandtheirabilitytoconvertgrowthintowell-beingshedssomelight

onthatquestion.Acrossthe163countriesmeasured,theUKisoneofthepoorestperformersinensuring

thateconomicgrowthistranslatedintomeaningfulimprovementsforitscitizens.Ratherthanjustfocusing

onGDP,over40differentsetsofcriteriafromhealth,educationandcivilsocietyengagementhavebeen

measuredtogetamoreroundedassessmentofhowcountriesareperforming.

Whileallofthesecountriesfacetheirownchallenges,thereareanumberofconsistentthemes.

Yes,therehasbeenabuddingeconomicrecoverysincethe2008globalcrash,butinkeyindicatorsin

areassuchashealthandeducation,majoreconomieshavecontinuedtodecline.Yetthisisn'tthecase

withallcountries.SomerelativelypoorEuropeancountrieshaveseenhugeimprovementsacross

measuresincludingcivilsociety,incomeequalityandtheenvironment.

Thisisalessonthatrichcountriescanlearn:WhenGDPisnolongerregardedasthesolemeasure

ofacountry'ssuccess,theworldlooksverydifferent.

So,whatKennedywasreferringtowasthatwhileGDPhasbeenthemostcommonmethodfor

measuringtheeconomicactivityofnations,asameasure,itisnolongerenough.Itdoesnotinclude

importantfactorssuchasenvironmentalqualityoreducationoutcomes-allthingsthatcontributetoa

person'ssenseofwell-being.

ThesharphittogrowthpredictedaroundtheworldandintheUKcouldleadtoadeclineinthe

everydayserviceswedependonforourwell-beingandforgrowth.Butpolicymakerswhorefocusefforts

onimprovingwell-beingratherthansimplyworryingaboutGDPfigurescouldavoidtheforecasteddoom

andmayevenseeprogress.

31.RobertF.Kennedyiscitedbecausehe

[A]praisedtheUKforitsGDP.

[B]identifiedGDPwithhappiness.

[C]misinterpretedtheroleofGDP.

[D]hadalowopinionofGDP.

【答案】[D]hadalowopinionofGDP

32.ltcanbeinferredfromParagraph2that

[A]theUKisreluctanttoremolditseconomicpattern.

[B]GDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefiedintheUK.

[C]theUKw川contributelesstotheworldeconomy.

[D]policymakersintheUKarepayinglessattentiontoGDP.

【答案】[B]GDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefiedintheUK.

33.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttherecentannualstudy?

[A]Itissponsoredby163countries.

[B]ltexcludesGDPasanindicator.

[C]ltscriteriaarequestionable.

[D]ltsresultsareenlightening.

【答案】[D]ltsresultsareenlightening.

34.lnthelasttwoparagraphs,theauthorsuggeststhat

[A]theUKispreparingforaneconomicboom.

[B]highGDPforeshadowsaneconomicdecline.

[C]itisessentialtoconsiderfactorsbeyondGDP.

[D]itrequirescautiontohandleeconomicissues.

【答案】[C]itisessentialtoconsiderfactorsbeyondGDP.

35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

[A]HighGDPButInadequateWell-being,aUKLesson

[B]GDPFigures,aWindowonGlobalEconomicHealth

[C]RebortF.Kennedy,aTerminatorofGDP

[D]Brexit,theUK'sGatewaytoWell-being

【答案】[A]HighGDPButInadequateWell-being,aUKLesson

Text4

Inarareunanimousruling,theUSSupremeCourthasoverturnedthecorruptionconvictionofa

formerVirginiagovernor,RobertMcDonnell.Butitdidsowhileholdingitsnoseattheethicsofhis

conduct,whichincludedacceptinggiftssuchasaRolexwatchandaFerrariautomobilefromacompany

seekingaccesstogovernment.

Thehighcourt'sdecisionsaidthejudgeinMr.McDonnell'strialfailedtotellajurythatitmustlook

onlyathis"officialacts,**ortheformergovernor'sdecisionson"specific"and"unsettled"issuesrelatedto

hisduties.

Merelyhelpingagift-givergainaccesstootherofficials,unlessdonewithclearintenttopressure

thoseofficials,isnotcorruption,thejusticesfound.

Thecourtdidsuggestthatacceptingfavorsinreturnforopeningdoorsis"distasteful"and"nasty.”

Butunderanti-briberylaws,proofmustbemadeofconcretebenefits,suchasapprovalofacontractor

regulation.Simplyarrangingameeting,makingaphonecall,orhostinganeventisnotan"officialact".

Thecourt'srulingislegallysoundindefiningakindoffavoritismthatisnotcriminal.Electedleaders

mustbeallowedtohelpsupportersdealwithbureaucraticproblemswithoutfearofprosecutionfor

bribery.*'Thebasiccompactunderlyingrepresentativegovernment,"wroteChiefJusticeJohnRobertsfor

thecourt,"assumesthatpublicofficialswillhearfromtheirconstituentsandactontheirconcerns.',

Buttherulingreinforcestheneedforcitizensandtheirelectedrepresentatives,notthecourts,to

ensureequalityofaccesstogovernment.Officialsmustnotbeallowedtoplayfavoritesinproviding

informationorinarrangingmeetingssimplybecauseanindividualorgroupprovidesacampaigndonation

orapersonalgift.Thistypeofintegrityrequireswell-enforcedlawsingovernmenttransparency,suchas

recordsofofficialmeetings,rulesonlobbying,andinformationabouteachelectedleader'ssourceof

wealth.

Favoritisminofficialaccesscanfanpublicperceptionsofcorruption.Butitisnotalwayscorruption.

Ratherofficialsmustavoiddoublestandards,ordifferenttypesofaccessforaveragepeopleandthe

wealthy.Ifconnectionscanbebought,abasicpremiseofdemocraticsociety-thatallareequalin

treatmentbygovernment-isundermined.Goodgovernancerestsonanunderstandingoftheinherent

worthofeachindividual.

Thecourt'srulingisastepforwardinthestruggleagainstbothcorruptionandofficialfavoritism.

36.Theunderminedsentence(Para.1)mostprobablyshowsthatthecourt

[A]avoideddefiningtheextentofMcDonnell'sduties.

[B]madenocompromiseinconvictingMcDonnell.

[C]wascontemptuousofMcDonnell'sconduct.

[D]refusedtocommentonMcDonnell'sethics.

【答案】[C]wascontemptuousofMcDonnell'sconduct.

37.AccordingtoParagraph4,anofficialactisdeemedcorruptiveonlyifitinvolves

[A]leakingsecretsintentionally.

[B]sizablegainsintheformofgifts.

[C]concretereturnsforgift-givers.

[D]breakingcontractsofficially.

【答案】[C]concretereturnsforgift-givers.

38.Thecourt'srulingisbasedontheassumptionthatpublicofficialsare

[A]justifiedinaddressingtheneedsoftheirconstituents.

[B]qualifiedtodealindependentlywithbureaucraticissues.

[C]allowedtofocusontheconcernsoftheirsupporters.

[D]exemptfromconvictiononthechargeoffavoritism.

【答案】[A]justifiedinaddressingtheneedsoftheirconstituents.

39.Well-enforcedlawsingovernmenttransparencyareneededto

[A]awakentheconscienceofofficials.

[B]guaranteefairplayinofficialaccess.

[C]allowforcertainkindsoflobbying.

[D]inspirehopesinaveragepeople.

【答案】[B]guaranteefairplayinofficialaccess.

40.Theauthor'sattitudetowardthecourt'srulingis

[A]sarcastic.

[B]tolerant.

[C]skeptical.

[D]supportive

【答案】[D]supportive

PartB

Directions:

Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41-45,youarerequiredto

reorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA-Gtofillingthemintothe

numberedbox.ParagraphsBandDhavebeencorrectlyplaced.MarkyouranswersonANSWER

SHEET.(10points)

[A]Thefirstpublishedsketch,"ADinneratPoplarWalk"broughttearstoDickens'seyeswhenhe

discovereditinthepagesofTheMonthlyMagazine.Fromthenonhissketches,whichappearedunder

thepenname"Boz"inTheEveningChronicle,earnedhimamodestreputation.

[B]TherunawaysuccessofThePickwickPapers,asitisgenerallyknowntoday,securedDickens's

fame.TherewerePickwickcoatsandPickwickcigars,andtheplump,spectacledhero,SamuelPickwick,

becameanationalfigure.

[C]SoonafterSketchesbyBozappeared,apublishingfirmapproachedDickenstowriteastoryin

monthlyinstallments,asabackdropforaseriesofwoodcutsbytheten-famousartistRobertSeymour,

whohadoriginatedtheideaforthestory.Withcharacteristicconfidence,Dickenssuccessfullyinsisted

thatSeymour'spicturesillustratehisownstoryinstead.Afterthefirstinstallment,Dickenswrotetothe

artistandaskedhimtocorrectadrawingDickensfeltwasnotfaithfulenoughtohisprose.Seymourmade

thechange,wentintohisbackyard,andexpressedhisdispleasurebycommittingsuicide.Dickensand

hispublisherssimplypressedonwithanewartist.Thecomicnovel,ThePosthumousPapersofthe

PickwickClub,appearedseriallyin1836and1837,andwasfirstpublishedinbookformin1837.

[D]CharlesDickensisprobablythebest-knownand,tomanypeople,thegreatestEnglishnovelistof

the19thcentury.Amoralist,satirist,andsocialreformer.Dickenscraftedcomplexplotsandstriking

charactersthatcapturethepanoramaofEnglishsociety.

[E]Soonafterhisfather'sreleasefromprison,Dickensgotabetterjobaserrandboyinlawoffices.

Hetaughthimselfshorthandtogetanevenbetterjoblaterasacourtstenographerandasareporterin

Parliament.Atthesametime,Dickens,whohadareporter'seyefortranscribingthelifearoundhim

especiallyanythingcomicorodd,submittedshortsketchestoobscuremagazines.

[F]DickenswasborninPortsmouth,onEngland'ssoutherncoast.HisfatherwasaclerkintheBritish

navypayoffice-arespectableposition,butwishlittlesocialstatus.Hispaternalgrandparents,asteward

andahousekeeperpossessedevenlessstatus,havingbeenservants,andDickenslaterconcealedtheir

background.Dicken'smothersupposedlycamefromamorerespectablefamily.Yettwoyearsbefore

Dicken'sbirth,hismother'sfatherwascaughtstealingandfledtoEurope,nevertoreturn.Thefamily's

increasingpovertyforcedDickensoutofschoolatage12toworkinWarren'sBlackingWarehouse,a

shoe-polishfactory,wheretheotherworkingboysmockedhimas“theyounggentleman."Hisfatherwas

thenimprisonedfordebt.Thehumiliationsofhisfather'simprisonmentandhislaborintheblacking

factoryformedDicken*sgreatestwoundandbecamehisdeepestsecret.Hecouldnotconfidethemeven

tohiswife,althoughtheyprovidetheunacknowledgedfoundationofhisfiction.

[G]AfterPickwick,Dickensplungedintoableakerworld.InOliverTwist,etracesanorphan's

progressfromtheworkhousetothecriminalslumsofLondon.NicholasNickleby,hisnextnovel,

combinesthedarknessofOliverTwistwiththesunlightofPickwick.Thepopularityofthesenovels

consolidatedDichens*asanationallyandinternationallycelebratedmanofletters.

D-41.742.143.一44.1B—45.

【答案】

41.[F]DickenswasborninPortsmouth

42.[E]Soonafterhisfather'sreleasefromprison

43.[A]Thefirstpublishedsketch

44.[C]SoonafterSketchesbyBozappeared

45.[G]AfterPickwick,Dickensplungedintoableakerworld

PartG

Directions:

ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.Your

translationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

ThegrowthoftheuseofEnglishastheworld'sprimarylanguageforinternationalcommunication

hasobviouslybeencontinuingforseveraldecades.

(46)ButevenasthenumberofEnglishspeakersexpandsfurthertherearesignsthattheglobal

predominanceofthelanguagemayfadewithintheforeseeablefuture.

Complexinternational,economic,technologicalandculturechangecouldstarttodiminishthe

leadingpositionofEnglishasthelanguageoftheworldmarket,andUKinterestswhichenjoyadvantage

fromthebreathofEnglishusagewouldconsequentlyfacenewpressures.Thoserealisticpossibilitiesare

highlightedinthestudypresentedbyDavidGraddol

(47)Hisanalysisshouldthereforeendanyself-contentednessamongthosewhomaybelievethatthe

globalpositionofEnglishissostablethattheyounggenerationoftheUnitedKingdomdonotneed

additionallanguagecapabilities.

DavidGraddolconcludesthatmonoglotEnglishgraduatesfaceableakeconomicfutureasqualified

multilingualyoungstersfromothercountriesareprovingtohaveacompetitiveadvantageovertheir

Britishcounterpartsinglobalcompaniesandorganizations.Alongsidethat,(48)manycountriesare

introducingEnglishintotheprimary-schoolcurriculumbutBritishschoolchildrenandstudentsdonot

appeartobegaininggreaterencouragementtoachievefluencyinotherlanguages.

Iflefttothemselves,suchtrendswilldiminishtherelativestrengthoftheEnglishlanguagein

internationaleducationmarketsasthedemandforeducationalresourcesinlanguages,suchas

Spanish,ArabicorMandaringrowsandinternationalbusinessprocessoutsourcinginotherlanguage

suchasJapanese,FrenchandGerman,spreads.

(49)ThechangesidentifiedbyDavidGraddolallpresentclearandmajorchallengestoUK's

providersofEnglishlanguageteachingtopeopleofothercountriesandtobroadereducationbusiness

sectors.TheEnglishlanguageteachingsec