2022-2023学年山西省吕梁市孝义市高一上学期1月期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高中英语名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山西省吕梁市孝义市2022-2023学年高一上学期1月期末考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置上。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whereisthebookstorenow?A.Acrossthestreet.B.Insideatheater.C.Attheendofthestreet.2.WhatisthewomangoingtodoonSaturday?A.Gotoanartexhibition.B.GotoMexico.C.Gotoaconcert.3.WhydoesthewomanwanttochangetheT-shirt?A.Themandislikesthecolor.B.Themanneedsalargersize.C.Themanisdissatisfiedwiththestyle.4.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Shecouldn’tfindanything.B.Shewaslateforwork.C.Shewaslost.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theman’sdaughter.B.Theman’sworries.C.Theman’sfriends.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置上。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材科，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Workmates.B.Hostandguest.C.Employerandemployee.7.Howdoesthemanfeelatfirst?A.Relaxed.B.Worried.C.Disappointed.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthemanusuallydointhehealthclub?A.Heridesabicycle.B.Hegoesrunning.C.Hedoesweightlifting.9.Howoftendoesthemanexpecttogotoexercise?A.Onceaweek.B.Fourtimesaweek.C.Everyday.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whywastheman’sflightlate?A.Thepilotmadeamistake.B.Theplanedidn’ttakeoffontime.C.Therewassomethingwrongwiththeplane.11.Whereisthemannow?A.InNewYork.B.InLondon.C.InRome.12.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.HecomesfromNewYork.B.HemisseshisflighttoLondon.C.Hecomestothewomanforhelp.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthewomanprobably?A.Ajobhunter.B.Ashopowner.C.Aheadmaster.14.Whydoesthemanwanttomakemoney?A.Totakeatrip.B.Tobuyacamera.C.Topaytheuniversityfee.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkisthemostimportantaboutworkinginashop?A.Quickservice.B.Friendlyattitude.C.Greatpaticnce.16.Whatwillthewomando?A.Introducethemantoothers.B.AskSimonabouttheman.C.WaitforSimon’scall.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhathasnewlyopenedattheHotelNova?A.Aswimmingpool.B.Agameroom.C.Afitnesscenter.18.WhereistheCanveyHote1?A.Inthetowncenter.B.5kmfromEaston.C.Nearamuseum.19.WhatadvantagedoestheCanveyHotelhave?A.Itoffersdinners.B.Ithasabigcarpark.C.It’sneartherailwaystation.20.WhendocstheTidburyHotelopen?A.OnApril1st.B.OnJuly12th.C.OnAugust1st.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWheretoGoIce-skatingNearAustinThisWinterDreamlandDrippingSpringsDrippingSpringsThisentertainment,artsandrecreationalplacehasmagicallyfounditselfoneveryone’swinterchecklist.Why?Well,itcouldhavesomethingtodowiththeimpressivelightdisplay,theArtisanWalkwithlocalsellershawking(沿街叫卖)one-of-a-kindgifts,or,orcourse,thelargeicerink(溜冰场).Inotherwords,it’stransformedintoholidayheaven.Cost:$10perperson,includingskaterentalHours:Opendaily;hoursvaryChaparralIceWestAndersonLane&CedarParkChaparralIceisayear-roundicewhichhastwolocationscompletewithhockeygames,membershipsandmore,soseriousenthusiastsneedn’twaitforalongtime.Publicskatingandadults-onlyskatesessionsarealsoonhand.Cost:$12perperson;skaterentalis$6foreachpairHours:Opendaily;hoursvaryTheWinterIceSkatingRinkMarbleFallsMarbleFallssitsjustanhournortheastofdowntown.ThisadorablelittletownislikeescapingtotheNorthPoleatChristmastime,withlotsoffuneventsandoneoftheprettiesticerinksincentralTexas.It’sintheopenairandsurroundedbybeautifulnature.Cost:$10-12perperson,includingskaterentalHours:Opendailyfrom5pmto10pmThePondHockeyClubNorthAustinThePondHockeyClubisn’tsomuchaplacetodropbyforcasualskating,butmoreofadestinationforice-sportlearners.Theyhavebeginnerlessonsinbothicehockeyandfigureskatingforkidsandadults.Soifyou’retakingtoice-skatingthisyear,thePondHockeyClubisagoodchoice.Cost:LessonandleaguepricesvaryHours:Opendaily;hoursvary1.WhatmakesDreamlandDrippingSpringsamust-visit?A.Itspriceadvantage. B.Itslongopeninghours.C.Itstwolarge,prettyicerinks. D.Itsamazingholidayatmosphere.2.HowmuchdoacouplewithoutskateshavetopayforskatingatChaparralIce?A.$36. B.$30. C.$24. D.S18.3.Whichisthebestchoiceforakidbeginningtolearnfigureskating?A.ChaparralIce. B.ThePondHockeyClub.C.DreamlandDrippingSprings. D.TheWinterIceSkatingRink〖答案〗1.D2.A3.B〖解析〗【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了奥斯汀附近四个可以滑冰景点的相关情况。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据DreamlandDrippingSprings标题下第一段“Inotherwords,it’stransformedintoholidayheaven.”（换句话说，这里变成了假期的天堂。）可知，DreamlandDrippingSprings成为必游之地的原因是它令人惊讶的假日气氛。故选D项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据ChaparralIce标题下的“Cost:$12perperson;skaterentalis$6foreachpair”（费用：每人12美元；滑板租金是每双6美元）可知，没有滑板的滑雪者每人费用是18美元，一对夫妻的花费是36美元。故选A项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据ThePondHockeyClub标题下第一段“Theyhavebeginnerlessonsinbothicehockeyandfigureskatingforkidsandadults.”（他们有冰球和花样滑冰的初学者课程，老少皆宜。）可知，对于儿童开始学习花样滑冰的最好选择是ThePondHockeyClub。故选B项。BThingswerenotgoingwellforDavidMcCartneyontheeveningofJanuary9th,2006.DavidMcCartney,thefatheroftwo,wasrunninglatetoameeting,andhadbeenstoppedforaspeedingticket.Butthedelay(延误)puthimrightwhereheneededtobewhenElizabethTesterman’scarranoutoftheroad,catchingfireandburstingintoflames(着火).Thinkingfast,MeCartneycalled911andrantoTesterman’scarandpulledheroutfromthecarwiththehelpfromtwoothers.“Igottosavealife,”saysMcCartney.“Soitwouldendupbeingaprettygoodday.”Thatlife-changingeventledtoalongtimefriendshipwithTesterman,whoencouragedhimtocontinuetodogoodthingsforotherpeople.In2019,hermessageinspiredMcCartney,adistancerunner,todonatehiskidney(肾脏)toastrangerbeforedeath.Sincethen,McCartney’sgoalhasbeentorun50-plus-milemarathonsinhisownstatetoincreaseawarenessaboutknowingkidneydisease,andalsoraisemoneyforTeamMason.Itisalocalorganizationthatbringspeople’sawarenessofkidneydisease.ThoughMcCartneyhaddonatedoneofhiskidneys,healsohadtoacceptthefactthathenevergottomeetthepersonwhoreceivedhiskidney,becauseheorshechosetoremainanonymous.“Iwouldhavelikedtoshakehisorherhands,”heexplains.“Butyoucan’tknowwhatthepersonisgoingthrough.”Afterherecoveredfromhisdonatingkidney,McCartneyfinallygotbacktorun—butthistime,withanewpurpose.“We’retryingtogetpeopleinvolvedinallthestates.”saysMcCartney.“We’vegottotakethisplatformasfaraswecan.”“It’sabigbusiness,”addsMcCartney.“Butifthesunisshining,we’rerunning.”4.HowdidMcCartneyfeelatlastontheeveningofJanuary9th,2006?A.Moved. B.Grateful. C.Upset. D.Proud.5.Whatdoweknowfromparagraph2?A.McCartneytriedtogetpeopleawareofkidneydisease.B.TestermanhadsetupTeamMasonbeforeshedied.C.McCartneydonatedoneofhiskidneystoTesterman.D.Testermandiedofaseriouskidneydisease.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“anonymous”inparagraph3mean?A.Curious. B.Unnamed. C.Responsible. D.Special.7.WhydidMcCartneygetbacktorunafterhisrecovery?A.Toexercisesothathecouldrecoversoon.B.Toraisemoneyforthosewithkidneydisease.C.Tomakemorepeopletoknowaboutkidneydisease.D.Towin50-plus-milemarathonsthroughouttheUS.〖答案〗4.D5.A6.B7.C〖解析〗【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了主人公麦卡妮特乐于助人，并通过自己努力让更多人来了解肾病的故事。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Thinkingfast,McCartneycalled911andrantoTesterman’scarandpulledheroutfromthecarwiththehelpfromtwoothers.“Igottosavealife,”saysMcCartney.“Soitwouldendupbeingaprettygoodday.”（麦卡特尼迅速地打了911，跑到特斯特曼的车前，在另外两个人的帮助下把她从车里拉了出来。“我拯救了一条生命，”麦卡特尼说。“所以这将是一个非常美好的一天。）”可推知，麦卡妮特在这天晚上的感觉应该是“自豪的”。故选D项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Sincethen,McCartney’sgoalhasbeentorun50-plus-milemarathonsinhisownstatetoincreaseawarenessaboutknowingkidneydisease,andalsoraisemoneyforTeamMason.（从那以后，麦卡特尼的目标一直是在他所在的州跑50多英里的马拉松，以提高人们对肾病的认识，并为梅森队筹集资金）”可知，麦卡特尼尽力让人们意识到肾病。故选A项。【6题详析】词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“healsohadtoacceptthefactthathenevergottomeetthepersonwhoreceivedhiskidney（他还必须接受一个事实，那就是他从未见过接受他肾脏的人）”可推知，他从未见过接受他肾脏的人，是因为他或他选择了“匿名”。A.Curious好奇的；B.Unnamed匿名的；C.Responsible有责任心的；D.Special特殊的。故选B项。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Afterherecoveredfromhisdonatingkidney,McCartneyfinallygotbacktorun—butthistime,withanewpurpose.“We’retryingtogetpeopleinvolvedinallthestates,”saysMcCartney.（从捐献肾脏中恢复过来后，麦卡特尼终于重新开始跑步，但这一次，他有了一个新的目标。麦卡特尼说:“我们正试图让所有州的人们都参与进来”）”可知，麦卡妮特重新开始跑步是为了让更多人的人了解肾病。故选C项。CAsignlanguageAITVanchor(主播)ensuresChineseaudienceswhohavehearingdifficultiescanenjoysportsgames.CreatedbyBaiduSmartCloud,theanchorissupportedbytheworld’slargestsignlanguagedatabasewithupto200,000piecesofdata.Hermissionistoprovideagreatservicetothosewithhearingdifficulties,allowingthemtoquicklyobtaineventinformation.Thetechnologybehindthevirtualanchorensuresitcandothejob.Signlanguage’swordorderisdifferentfromspokenMandarin.Forexample,peoplewithhearingdifficultiesplacethepredicate(谓语)attheendofthesentence,whileweputtheminthemiddleofthesentence,justbetweenthesubjectandtheobjectinmodernChinese.Therefore,signlanguagerecognitionisdifficult,accordingtoYuanTiantian,vicedeanandprofessoratTianjinUniversityofTechnology.Yuanandherteamconductedwideresearchonactionrecognition.Thearmshave18pointsthatneedtobeanalyzed,ahandhas21pointsandafacehasmorethan100.AllofthesepointsarechallengingfortheAIandalgorithm(算法)toprocess.Comparedwithhumanlanguagetranslators,theAlsignlanguageanchorhassomeadvantages.Itcanhelpwiththecontinuoustranslationforlongtextsandlimittheamountofinformationlost.Alsostatisticsindicatedthatwithinspecialscenarios,thecorrectrateofsignlanguagerecognitioncouldtop97percentwhilethecorrectrateofsignlanguagegenerationcouldbeevenhigher.YuansaidtheAIsignlanguageTVanchorwillhavenoshortageofapplications.Theresearchteamexpectsthatitcouldhelpthosewithhearingdifficultiesintheirshopping,transportationandotheraspectsofdailylife.China’svirtualhumanindustryisreadyforrapidgrowth,withapplicationinareassuchasbroadcasting,entertainment,retailfinanceandeducation.Itisalsopossiblethateveryoneeventuallywillhavetheirveryownavatar.8.Whatcanweknowaboutthevirtualanchor?A.Thetechnologybehinditmakesabigdifference.B.Ithelpssportsplayerswithhearingdifficulties.C.Itisdesignedtoservepeoplewithdisabilities.D.Thechallengeofactionrecognitionismoreserious.9.Fromtheauthor’spointofview,whatfeaturesdoesthevirtualanchorhave?A.Itscorrectrateofsignlanguagerecognitionishigh.B.Itcan’tlimittheamountofinformationlost.C.Itscorrectrateofsignlanguagegenerationislower.D.Ithasnothingtodowithtranslatinglongtexts.10.Whataboutthefutureofthevirtualanchor?A.Hopeless. B.Ambiguous. C.Promising. D.Unmentioned.11.Inwhichsectionmaythetextappearonanewspaper?A.Sports. B.Health. C.Economy. D.Science.〖答案〗8.A9.A10.C11.D〖解析〗【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍人工智能电视手语主播对听障人士的帮助、其背后的技术支撑及前景。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Thetechnologybehindthevirtualanchorensuresitcandothejob.”（虚拟主播背后蕴含强大技术，确保其能够完成这项工作。）可知，虚拟主播能够完成这项工作，在于虚拟主播背后的技术发挥了巨大的作用。故选A项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Alsostatisticsindicatedthatwithinspecialscenarios,thecorrectrateofsignlanguagerecognitioncouldtop97percentwhilethecorrectrateofsignlanguagegenerationcouldbeevenhigher.”（统计数据还表明，在特殊情况下，手语识别的正确率可逾97%，而手语生成的正确率甚至更高。）可知，虚拟主播手语识别的正确率很高，超过97%。故选A项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段的“YuansaidtheAIsignlanguageTVanchorwillhavenoshortageofapplications.”（袁教授表示，人工智能手语主播还会应用在许多方面。科研团队希望手语主播能在购物、交通和日常生活的其他方面帮助听障人士。）可知，虚拟主播未来不仅能在体育赛事领域提供服务，还能在购物、交通和日常生活的其他方面帮助听障人士，说明其很有前景。故选C项。【11题详析】推理判断题。结合全文，文章主要介绍人工智能电视手语主播对听觉障碍人士的帮助、其背后的技术支撑及前景，即文章与科学技术相关，所以应属于报纸的科学栏目。故选D项。DAsharkattackeda14-year-oldgirlnearaFloridabeachonSaturday,thoughasurfertriedtosaveher.Thesurferpulledthegirlfrombloodywaterandfrightenedthesharkawaywithhisfists(拳头).Cansharksreallysmellbloodinthewater?Yes.Sharkshaveagoodsenseofsmell,andbloodhappenstobeaveryattractivesmell.Sharksalsousesightandnearingtodiscovertheirfood.Inparticular,hungrysharksliketohearthesoundswhicharemacebyswimmingfish.Theyalsolookforsomethingbright.Attacksonpeoplecansometimesbeacaseormistakenrecognition.Sometimes,asharkcouldconfuseshiningstonesforfood.Thesharks’eyesearsandnoseareallneartheirmouth.Butsharksalsosearchfortheirfoodwithsensoryreceptors(感受器).Thesereceptorscanfeelaymovementinthewater.Whenasharkgetsveryclosetoofood,itcanuseelectroreceptiveorgans(电觉器官),whichsitthewalloflittleholesontheshark’snose.Livingthingsinsaltyseawaterproduceaweakelectricalfield(电磁场)thatthesharkcanfeelatashortdistance,soitallowsthesharktofindoutcreaturesthatburythemselvesintheseafloor.Muscle(肌肉)movementsalsoproducelittleelectricalfieldsthatasharkcanfeel.Thesurferwhotriedtosavethegirlsaidheprotectedhimselfbyfrighteningawaythesharkwithhisfists.Isthatagoodidea?Someexpertsthinkfrighteningawayasharkwithfistsshouldonlybethelastchoice.Itwon’tbewiseforyoutostaystillinwater.Swimmingawayrapidlyseemstobeabetterchoice.Ifyoucan’tswimawayrightaway,hitthesharkonthefaceornose-whereithasahighconcentrationofsensoryreceptorslikehumans-todriveoffyourattackerandgiveyouenoughtimetoescape.Whenyouarebesideashark’sface,trystickingyourfingerinitseyes.12.What’sthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Totellastory. B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Towarnthereaders. D.Topresentafinding.13.Whichofthefollowinghelpssharkssearchforfood?A.Swimmingquietly. B.Aspecialkindofblood.C.Agoodsenseofsmell. D.Workingasateam.14.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3?A.Sharkscan’tfindandattackcreatureshidingintheseafloor.B.Sharksusesensoryreceptormorethansmelltosearchforfood.C.Sharkscan’tfeelweakmusclemovementsfromothercreatures.D.Sharkscanfeelmovementsfromothercreaturesinseawater.15.Whatareweadvisedtodowhenweareattackedbyashark?A.Getawayfromitimmediately. B.Shoutloudlyandfrightenitaway.C.Touchtheshark’sfacegently. D.Staystilltopretendtobedead.〖答案〗12.B13.C14.D15.A〖解析〗【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了鲨鱼搜寻食物的方式，并且针对如何应对鲨鱼，提出了一些建议。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Asharkattackeda14-year-oldgirlnearaFloridabeachonSaturday,thoughasurfertriedtosaveher.Thesurferpulledthegirlfrombloodywaterandfrightenedthesharkawaywithhisfists(拳头).(周六，一条鲨鱼在佛罗里达海滩附近袭击了一名14岁的女孩，尽管一名冲浪者试图救她。冲浪者把女孩从血淋淋的水中拉了出来，并用拳头把鲨鱼吓跑了。)”及下文可知，本段讲述了一个女孩被鲨鱼攻击，并被一个冲浪者营救的故事，旨在引出文章的主题。故选B。【13题详析】细节理解题。第二段和第三段介绍了鲨鱼搜寻食物的方式。根据第二段“Sharkshaveagoodsenseofsmell,andbloodhappenstobeaveryattractivesmell.(鲨鱼的嗅觉很灵敏，而血的味道恰好是一种非常吸引人的气味。)”可知，鲨鱼良好的嗅觉，可以帮它搜寻食物。故选C。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thesereceptorscanfeelanymovementinthewater.(这些感受器可以感知蚂蚁在水中的运动。)”可推断，感受器可以使鲨鱼感觉到水里的任何活动。故选D。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Swimmingawayrapidlyseemstobeabetterchoice.(迅速游走似乎是更好的选择。)”可知，当我们被鲨鱼攻击时，快速游走是一个更好的选择。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyouevermadeapromisetoyourselfthatyoudidn’tkeep?Commonly,whenthenewyearticksover,wemakedecisions:goingtothegym,studyingharderorgivingupabadhabit.Sadly,notlongafterwe’vemadethepromise,weoftenendupbreakingthem.____16____?Well,it’spossible,butwillpowermightnotbetheonlythingyouneed.Thebasicideaofahabitissomethingwedoalmostunawarely,asifyou’reonautopilot(习惯性地做).____17____.Goodhabitscanbepartofyourdailyroutine.Butifwedon’thavethosehabits,howcanwecreatethem?Accordingtoapsychologicalstudy,ittakesanaverageof66daystoformanewhabit.____18____.Then,thekeyistoquestionwhyyouwantsomethingtobethenorm(常态).Doyouwanttoloseweightbecauseyouwanttobehealthierorfeelmoreattractive?____19____.Abadmoodmaymeanyoudon’twanttodosomething.____20____.Rememberthatit’sacaseofbabysteps.Givingupallyourfavouritefoods,goingtothegym,andstoppingdrinkingatthesametimewillprobablyresultinfailureratherthansustainablepractice.Anddon’tworryaboutfailing-juststartagain!Itmightnotbequick,butifyoufollowthesetips,youmaybeabletochangesomethingforthebetterorkickabadhabit.A.Howlongdidittaketoformanewgoodhabit?B.However,relyingonlyondeterminationmaynotbetheanswer.C.Anexampleofthiswouldbehavingbreakfastorsaying“please”and“thankyou”.D.Youshouldalsoavoidtryingtochangetoomuchatonce.E.Don’tdothingsoutsideyourcomfortzone.F.Theissueis,willpowercouldbeeasilyaffectedbyyourmood.G.Whatifyouwanttocreateanewgoodhabit?〖答案〗16.G17.C18.B19.F20.D〖解析〗【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述如何养成一个好习惯。【16题详析】上文“Commonly,whenthenewyearticksover,wemakedecisions:goingtothegym,studyingharderorgivingupabadhabit.Sadly,notlongafterwe’vemadethepromise,weoftenendupbreakingthem.(通常，新年一过，我们就会做出决定：去健身房，更努力地学习，或者戒掉一个坏习惯。可悲的是，在我们做出承诺后不久，我们往往就会违背承诺。)”和下文“Well,it’spossible,butwillpowermightnotbetheonlythingyouneed.(好吧，这是可能的，但意志力可能不是你唯一需要的东西。)”可知设空处承上启下，上文描述想要实现承诺不容易，下文，说意志力可能不是你唯一需要的东西，所以应该是问有什么方法能帮助我们实现承诺，养成新习惯，故G选项“如果你想养成一个新的好习惯怎么办?”符合题意，故选G。【17题详析】根据下文“Goodhabitscanbepartofyourdailyroutine.(好习惯可以成为你日常生活的一部分。)”可知好习惯就是在日常生活中养成的，并成为日常生活的一部分，C选项中“例如吃早餐或说“请”和“谢谢”。”可知这些例子都是我们日常生活行为，所以呼应下文的“dailyroutine”，故选C。【18题详析】下文“Then,thekeyistoquestionwhyyouwantsomethingtobethenorm(常态).(然后，关键是要问为什么你想让某事成为常态。)”中的thekey对应的是B选项中“theanswer”，故B选项“然而，仅仅依靠决心可能不是〖答案〗。”承接下文，呼应下文，并且和上文构成了转折关系，故选B。【19题详析】根据下文“Abadmoodmaymeanyoudon’twanttodosomething.(心情不好可能意味着你不想做某事。)”可推断上文和情绪有关，F选项“问题是，意志力很容易受到情绪的影响。”符合题意，并且F选项中“yourmood”和下文的“Abadmood”相呼应，故选F。【20题详析】根据下文“Rememberthatit’sacaseofbabysteps.Givingupallyourfavouritefoods,goingtothegym,andstoppingdrinkingatthesametimewillprobablyresultinfailureratherthansustainablepractice.Anddon’tworryaboutfailing-juststartagain!(记住，这只是一个婴儿阶段。放弃所有你喜欢的食物，去健身房，同时戒酒，可能会导致失败，而不是可持续的练习。不要担心失败——重新开始!)”说明这是也一个循序渐进的过程，不能一次就成功，要慢慢来，故D选项“你也应该避免试图一次改变太多。”符合本段主旨，故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Twoheroicteenagelifesaverswerepraisedafterrescuing(救援)adrowningmanfromLakeMulwala.GraceCreenaune,andEricaMontgomery,18,wereonduty____21____aslifeguardsatthelocalwaterparkonTuesday,whentwomenboughtticketstogointothepark.Workers____22____themenhadbeendrinkingandtheywere____23____toleave.Aftergettingtheirmoneyback,themenleftquietlycrossingtheroadtoLakeMulwalawherethey____24____intothewater.Theywereswimmingoutofsightoftheworkerswhenoneofthemgotinto____25____.Sohispartnerranfor____26____,straightbacktotheparkwheretheyhadbeenaskedtoleave.Gracesaidthatwaswhentheirtraining____27____.“Hewasprobablyabout20metresout,andwhenwegottohim,hewascompletelyunderwaterandwe____28____topulledhimbackontoshore(岸),”Gracesaid.Thepairhad____29____beenlifeguardsforashortperiodoftime.Ericasaiditwasquitea(n)_____30_____.“Lookingbackonit,nowit’salotmore_____31_____thanitwasatthetime.”Thegirls’bosssaidshewasextremely_____32_____ofthem,sayingtheyhadputthemselvesindanger.“Thereisno_____33_____thatiftheyhadnotrainingorquickresponse(反应),themanwouldnothave_____34_____,shesaid.“Ireallyappreciatetheircouragetotakethe_____35_____.”21.A.regarding B.dressing C.working D.playing22.A.protested B.found C.debated D.admired23.A.caused B.promoted C.admitted D.asked24.A.broke B.turned C.jumped D.hid25.A.movement B.sleep C.fight D.trouble26.A.help B.money C.shelter D.power27.A.madeadifference B.fellapart C.gaveup D.madeanimpression28.A.reminded B.regretted C.pretended D.struggled29.A.nearly B.obviously C.actually D.directly30.A.adventure B.surprise C.condition D.expectation31.A.exciting B.frightening C.serious D.meaningful32.A.proud B.fond C.ashamed D.confident33.A.wonder B.way C.chance D.doubt34.A.arrived B.survived C.understood D.escaped35.A.place B.opportunity C.responsibility D.lead〖答案〗21.C22.B23.D24.C25.D26.A27.A28.D29.C30.A31.B32.A33.D34.B35.C〖解析〗【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两名英勇的少年救生员在Mulwala湖救出一名溺水男子后受到表扬的故事。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：周二，18岁的Grace和Erica在当地水上公园担任救生员，那时两位男士买票入院。A.regarding看待；B.dressing装扮；C.working工作；D.playing玩耍。根据空前“onduty”可知，两个女孩是在水上乐园值班、工作。故选C项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：工作人员发现这两人一直在喝酒，他们被要求离开。A.protested抗议；B.found发现；C.debated辩论；D.admired羡慕。根据下文“themenhadbeendrinking”可知，工作人员是发现了他们一直在喝酒。故选B项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：工作人员发现这两人一直在喝酒，他们被要求离开。A.caused导致；B.promoted提高；C.admitted承认；D.asked要求。根据下文“Sohispartnerranfor________,straightbacktotheparkwheretheyhadbeenaskedtoleave.”可知，水上乐园的工作人员要求两名男子离开，其中asked是原词复现。故选D项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：拿回钱后，这两名男子悄悄离开，穿过马路来到Mulwala湖，并在那里跳入水中。A.broke打破；B.turned转身；C.jumped跳；D.hid藏。根据下文“Theywereswimming”可知，两名男子跳进湖里游泳。故选C项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们游到工作人员看不见的地方时，其中一个遇到了麻烦。A.movement移动；B.sleep睡觉；C.fight打架；D.trouble麻烦。根据下文“whenwegottohim,hewascompletelyunderwater”可知，其中一人遇到了麻烦，差点溺水。故选D项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是，他的搭档跑去求救，径直回到他们被要求离开的公园。A.help帮助；B.money钱；C.shelter避难所；D.power权力。根据上文可知，一共两名男子。一名遇到了麻烦，快要溺水了，另一名去了水上乐园求助。故选A项。【27题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Grace说，这就是她们的训练产生影响的时候。A.madeadifference起作用；B.fellapart崩溃、散架；C.gaveup放弃；D.madeanimpression给……留下印象。结合文意可知，Grace是工作人员，必然经历过专业的培训，而在这里，她要去救人，所以是她们的训练起了作用。故选A项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Grace说：“他大概在二十米外，当我们找到他时，他完全在水下，我们挣扎着把他拉回岸边。”A.reminded提醒；B.regretted后悔；C.pretended假装；D.struggled挣扎、努力。根据空前“hewascompletelyunderwater”和上文可知，一名男子喝醉酒后完全沉在水下，而Grace是一名女生，所以应该是费了很大力，努力把男子拉上岸。故选D项。【29题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这对搭档做过很短一段时间的救生员。A.nearly几乎；B.obviously明显地；C.actually实际上；D.directly直接地。结合句意可知，本句是介绍两人的实际情况，用副词actually即可。故选C项。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Erica说，这真是一次冒险。A.adventure冒险；B.surprise惊喜；C.condition情况；D.expectation期待。根据上文“Thepairhadactuallybeenlifeguardsforashortperiodoftime.”可知，她们当救生员的时间并不长，所以这对她们来说是一次冒险经历。故选A项。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在回想起来，这比当时可怕多了。A.exciting令人激动的；B.frightening令人害怕的；C.serious严肃的；D.meaningful有意义的。根据后文“sayingtheyhadputthemselvesindanger.”可知，现在回想起来感觉很危险、很可怕。故选B项。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：女孩们的老板说她为她们感到非常自豪，说她们把自己置于危险之中。A.proud骄傲的；B.fond喜欢的；C.ashamed羞愧的；D.confident自信的。根据后文“Ireallyappreciatetheircouragetotakethe________.”可知，女孩的老板对女孩们的勇气表示感谢，由此可以推出老板是对女孩的举动很骄傲、自豪。故选A项。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说，毫无疑问，如果她们没有受过训练，也没有快速反应，这名男子就不会活下来。A.wonder奇迹；B.way方法；C.chance机会；D.doubt怀疑。固定句型thereisnodoubtthat表示“毫无疑问的是……”，此处表示对后文内容的肯定描述，正是因为她们受过特训，男子才能活下来。故选D项。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说，毫无疑问，如果她们没有受过训练，也没有快速反应，这名男子就不会活下来。A.arrived到达；B.survived存活；C.understood理解；D.escaped逃跑。结合上文可知，男子差点溺水，是女孩们救了他，让他活了下来。故选B项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我非常欣赏她们承担责任的勇气。A.place地方；B.opportunity机会；C.responsibility责任；D.lead榜样。根据前文“GraceCreenaune,andEricaMontgomery,18,wereondutyworkingaslifeguardsatthelocalwaterparkonTuesday,”可知，两个女孩是承担自己的工作职责去救人。故选C项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Asisknowntoall,apositiveparent-childrelationshipis___36___(benefit)tothephysicalandmental___37___(grow)ofchildren,butkeepingahealthyparent-childbond___38___(need)theeffortsofbothparties.Parentsshouldtaketheresponsibility___39___(improve)theirrelationshipwiththechildren.Whatmattersisspendingqualitytimewiththeirchildren,___40___tighttheirscheduleis.Forinstancetheycaneat___41___(meal)together,gotosportingeventstogetherorwatchtheirchildren'sfavoriteTVshowstogether,___42___cancontributegreatlytomakingtheirchildrenfeelsafeand___43___(love).Children,ontheotherhand,shouldlettheirparentsknowtheyappreciatewhattheirparents___44___(do)forthem.Ifpossible,theycangivetheirparentsagiftonaspecialdayorhelpwithhousework_____45_____aregularbasis.Nohealthyparent-childrelationshipiswithoutconflict.Butaslongasparentsandchildrenmakeajointeffort,theycansettletheconflictandenjoytheirtimetogether.〖答案〗36.beneficial37.growth38.needs39.toimprove40.however41.meals42.which43.loved44.havedone45.on〖解析〗〖祥解〗这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，健康的亲子关系有利于孩子的身心成长，介绍了如何维持健康的亲子关系。【36题详析】考查形容词。句意：众所周知，积极的亲子关系有利于孩子的身心成长，但保持健康的亲子关系需要双方的努力。bebeneficialto...为固定搭配，意为“对……有益”。故填beneficial。【37题详析】考查名词。句意：众所周知，积极的亲子关系有利于孩子的身心成长，但保持健康的亲子关系需要双方的努力。thephysicalandmental______(grow)ofchildren是名词所有格，设空处前是形容词physicalandmental，设空处应用名词形式。故填growth。【38题详析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：众所周知，积极的亲子关系有利于孩子的身心成长，但保持健康的亲子关系需要双方的努力。此处缺乏谓语，讲的是事实，时态用一般现在时，动名词短语keepingahealthyparent-childbond作主语，是单数，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填needs。【39题详析】考查动词不定式。句意：父母应该负起改善与孩子关系的责任。此处应用动词不定式（todo）作后置定语，修饰名词responsibility，taketheresponsibilitytodosth.意为“有义务去做某事”。故填toimprove。【40题详析】考查状语从句。句意：重要的是花高质量的时间和孩子在一起，不管他们的日程安排有多紧。两句缺乏连词，结合句意可知，设空处引导让步状语从句，意为“无论多么”，用however。故填however。【41题详析】考查名词的数。句意：例如，他们可以一起吃饭，一起参加体育活动，或者一起看他们孩子最喜欢的电视节目，这可以大大有助于让他们的孩子感到安全和被爱。meal是可数名词，此处指不止一餐，应用名词复数形式。故填meals。【42题详析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：例如，他们可以一起吃饭，一起参加体育活动，或者一起看他们孩子最喜欢的电视节目，这可以大大有助于让他们的孩子感到安全和被爱。此处引导非限制性定语从句，设空处在从句中作主语，指代前面提到的亲子一起做的事，因此用关系代词which。故填which。【43题详析】考查过去分词。句意：例如，他们可以一起吃饭，一起参加体育活动，或者一起看他们孩子最喜欢的电视节目，这可以大大有助于让他们的孩子感到安全和被爱。whichcancontributegreatlytomakingtheirchildrenfeelsafeand_____(love)已有谓语cancontribute且无连词，动词love用非谓语形式，逻辑主语theirchildren