重庆市缙云教育联盟2020-2021学年高二英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）

重庆市缙云教育联盟20202021学年高二英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）注意：本试卷包含Ⅰ、Ⅱ两卷。第Ⅰ卷为选择题，所有答案必须用2B铅笔涂在答题卡中相应的位置。第Ⅱ卷为非选择题，所有答案必须填在答题卷的相应位置。答案写在试卷上均无效，不予记分。一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共分）AWonderingwhatthemeaningoflifeis?Goodnewsyou'llprobablyfeellikeyouknowwhenyou'rearoundage60.That'stheagewhenpeoplereportfeelingthatthere'sthemostmeaningintheirlives,andtheyhavetheleastneedtosearchformeaning,accordingtoarecentlypublishedresearch.Theresearchalsofoundthataspeople'ssenseofmeaninginliferises,sodoestheirwellbeing."Peoplewithpurposeinlifearephysicallyandpsychologicallyhealthier,"saidDr.AwaisAftab,apsychiatrist,wholedtheresearch.AftabandhiscolleaguesuseddatafromastudyofadultsinSanDiegoCountythatrecruited（招募）alargenumberofpeopleaged70andolder.Thissurveyincludedaquestionaboutthelevelofmeaningpeoplefoundintheirlifeandtheleveloftheirsearchformeaning.The1,042adultsincludedinthestudyalsoansweredquestionsoverthetelephoneabouttheirmentalandphysicalhealth.TheresultsshowedthatbothsenseofmeaningandsearchformeaningtendtobeUshapedoveraperson'slifetime.Presenceofmeaningstartslowinthe20sandgraduallyrisestoapeakaroundage60,onaverage,beforedecliningagain.Thesearchformeaningisamirrorimage:Itstartshighinpeople's20sanddropstoanalltimelowaroundage60beforeclimbinginolderage."Youngadultsintheirtwentiesandadultsintheirthirtiesareactivelyseekingoutcareers,friendships,andromanticrelationships,"AftabwroteinanemailtoLiveScience.Peopleintheirfortiesandfiftiesusuallyhavemoreestablishedcareersandrelationships;manyofthemhavefamiliesandchildren.Afterage60,withretirementandincreasinghealthissues,theestablishedsourcesofmeaningintheirlivesbegintofadeandpeopletendtostartsearchingforothersourcesofmeaning.1.Whichofthefollowingisafindingoftheresearch？A.People'ssenseofmeaninginlifeincreaseswithage.B.Healthierpeopletendtoleadamoremeaningfullife.C.Thelevelofsearchformeaningisfairlyhighinyouth.D.Thelevelsofmeaningandsearchformeaningcorrespond.2.Whichgroupprobablyhavethestrongestsenseofmeaninginlife？A.Peopleover70yearsoldlivingalone.B.Youngadultsintheir20sstillhuntingforajob.C.Peopleintheir50swithstablecareersandfamilies.D.Retiredpeopleintheir60swithvarioushealthproblems.3.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout？A.Theresultsoffadinglifepurposes.B.Thereasonsbehindtheresearchfindings.C.Thelessonsyoungadultsshouldlearnearly.D.Theinfluenceofageonpeople'slifepurposes.【答案】1.C2.C3.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了一项研究结果，对生活意义的追求与年龄有关，同时随着人们生活意义的提高，幸福感也会提高。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段句子“Thesearchformeaningisamirrorimage:Itstartshighinpeople's20sanddropstoanalltimelowaroundage60beforeclimbinginolderage.（对人生意义的探索则与之相反:人生意义在人们20多岁时开始高涨，在60岁左右跌至历史最低水平，然后随着年龄的增长而攀升。）”可知，研究发现年轻人对人生意义的追求水平相当高。所以选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段句子“Peopleintheirfortiesandfiftiesusuallyhavemoreestablishedcareersandrelationships;manyofthemhavefamiliesandchildren.（四十多岁和五十多岁的人通常有更成熟的职业和人际关系；他们中的许多人都有家庭和孩子。）”可见人们在50多岁的时候，会有稳定的事业和家庭，会有强烈的生活意义感，这组人可能在生活中最有意义。所以选C。【3题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段的内容可知，Aftab在给生活科学杂志的电子邮件中写道:“20多岁的年轻人和30多岁的成年人都在积极寻求事业、友谊和爱情。”四五十岁的人通常有更成熟的事业和人际关系;他们中的许多人都有家庭和孩子。60岁之后，随着退休和越来越多的健康问题，他们生活中已有的意义的来源开始褪色，人们倾向于开始寻找其他的意义来源。可推断，最后一段分析了不同年龄阶段人们的具体情况以及他们不同的生活意义，因此推断最后一段主要讲研究结果背后的原因，所以选B。BAt5:12amonApril18,1906,peoplelivinginSanFranciscowereawakenedbya40secondearthquake.Aftera10secondstop,anevenstrongerearthquakestruck,lasting25seconds.Survivorssawthegroundmoveinwavesashighasthreefeet.Theearthquakedamagedstreets,andstreetcarrails.Firesbrokeoutsoonaftertheearthquake,causedprimarilybyoverturnedstoves(炉子)ordamagedelectricalwiring.Becausethecity’swatermainshadsufferedmorethan300breaks,nowaterwasavailable(可用的)tofightthefires,whichrapidlyburnedbeyondcontrol.Tocontrolthefire,firefightersbegantodynamite(炸毁)buildingsinitspath.Unfortunately,thismethodsometimesspreadthefire.BytheeveningofApril18,1,700soldiershadarrivedinSanFranciscotohelpbothlocalpeopleandthefirefighters.Afterburninguncontrolledforthreedays,thefirefinallyburneditselfoutbythemorningofApril21.Morethan28,000buildingshadbeendestroyed,resultinginabout$500millionindamage.Althoughtheofficialnumberofdeathswas311,itisnowbelievedthatabout3,000peoplewerekilled.About250,000people(twothirdsofthecity’spopulation)werelefthomeless.Theywereforcedtoliveintents(帐篷)inpublicparks.Amongtheearthquake’ssurvivorswasthefamousItalianoperasingerEnricoCaruso.OnthenightofApril17,hehadperformed(表演)theroleofJoséinGeorgesBizet’s1875opera,“Carmen,”andhadbeenscheduledforanotherperformanceonApril18.CarusowassoshockedbytheearthquakethathemadeuphismindnevertoreturntoSanFranciscoagain.AnselAdams,age4,survivedtheearthquakealongwithhisfamily,thoughtheirhouseandmanythingsweredamaged.AnaftershockthrewyoungAdamsfacefirstintoagardenwall,givinghimwhathisfriendCedricWrightwouldcallan“earthquakenose.”Describinghisbrokennose,whichwasneverrepaired,Adamswouldlaterjoke,“Mybeautywasdamagedforever.Buthefeltthepowerofthequake,whichhecalledhis“closestexperiencewithterriblehumansuffering.”4.Whatmadeitdifficulttocontrolthefire?A.Damagedstreets.B.Fallenbuildings.C.Thebigproblemofgettingwater.D.Thelownumberoffirefighters.5.Whatwasthesituationlikeaftertheearthquake?A.Deadbodiescouldbefoundinpublicparks.B.Morethanhalfofthelocalshadtofindshelter.C.Over250,000peoplehadtoliveonthestreet.D.About28,000buildingssurvivedwithlittledamage.6.HowdidEnricoCarusofeelabouttheearthquake?A.pletelylost. B.Veryfrightened.C.Reallyannoyed. D.Extremelysad.7.What.happenedto4yearoldAnselAdams?A.Hewaslaughedatbyhisfriend.B.Hisfamilymemberswerehurtbadly.C.Hislookswereunexpectedlychanged.D.Hegotinjuredwhiletryingtoprotecthisnose.【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.C【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了1906年4月18日发生在旧金山的地震的情况。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Becausethecity’swatermainshadsufferedmorethan300breaks,nowaterwasavailable(可用)tofightthefires,whichrapidlyburnedbeyondcontrol.（于该市的自来水总管道有300多处断裂，没有水来灭火，大火很快就失去了控制。）”可知取水困难（大问题）使得大火难以控制，故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“About250,000people(twothirdsofthecity’spopulation)werelefthomeless.Theywereforcedtoliveintents(帐篷)inpublicparks.（大约25万人（占城市人口的三分之二）无家可归。他们被迫住在公园里的帐篷里。）”可知地震后的情况是有一半多的当地人不得不去寻找避难处，故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“CarusowassoshockedbytheearthquakethathemadeuphismindnevertoreturntoSanFranciscoagain.（地震使卡鲁索大为震惊，他下定决心再也不回旧金山了。）”可知EnricoCaruso对这次地震感到很害怕，故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“AnaftershockthrewyoungAdamsfacefirstintoagardenwall,givinghimwhathisfriendCedricWrightwouldcallan‘earthquakenose.’（一次余震时年轻的Adams的脸朝下撞到了花园的墙上，变成了他朋友CedricWright所说的“地震鼻子”。）”再结合“Mybeautywasdamagedforever.（我的美永远被破坏了。）”可知4岁的AnselAdams撞破了鼻子，也就是他的外貌出乎意料地改变了，故选C。CThePharos,thegreatlighthouseofAlexandria,wasoneoftheSevenWondersoftheAncientWorld.ItstoodontheislandofPharos,intheharborofthecityofAlexandria.In290B.C,PtolemyISoter,therulerofEgypt,orderedthebuildingofthelighthouse.Twentyyearslater,itwasfinished−thefirstlighthouseintheworldandthetallestbuildingonEarthexcepttheGreatPyramidofEgypt.ThePharoswasdesignedbySostrates,aGreekarchitect.Sostrateswantedtoleavehisnameonthebaseofthelighthouse.ButPtolemyrefused,orderingthatonlyhisownnameappearonthebuilding.ButSostratesfoundawaytodothat.AtthebaseofthePharos,Sostratesleftamessagecontaininghisownname.Thenhecovereditwithplaster(建筑石膏)andleftPtolemy'snameoverit.Aftermanyyears,theplasterdisappearedandpeopleknewthetruearchitectofthelighthouse.In1302and1323,twostrongearthquakeshitAlexandria,andthelighthousewasdamaged.In1326,itfinallyfellintothesea.MuchofwhatweknowaboutthelighthouseesfromthewritingsofArabswhooncevisitedthePharos.ThePharoswasabout384feettall,thesameheightasamodern40storeybuilding.AtthetopofthelighthousestoodalargestatueofPoseidon,theGreekgodofthesea.Underitwasabeacon,thesourceoflightforthelighthouse.ThePharosusedtwokindsofbeacons.Atnight,alargefirecreatedthelight.Duringtheday,ahugemirrormadeuseofthesunlighttocreatethelight.Itwassaidthatthemirrorwasalsousedtosetenemyshipsonfireastheyenteredtheharborbydirectingthesun’srays(sunlight)atthem.Althoughitisclearlyimpossible,theideaisinteresting.8.WhydidSostratesuseplasteratthebaseofthePharos?A.TofollowPtolemy'sorders.B.Tohidehisnameleftonthebase.C.Toprotectthebasefromdamage.D.Tomakethelighthousemorebeautiful.9.HowlonghadthePharosstayedstanding?A.Forabout800years. B.Forabout1,000years.C.Forabout1,600years. D.Forabout2,000years.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph4referto?A.Thelighthouse. B.Thestatue.C.Alargefire. D.Ahugemirror.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.SostratesandPtolemy.B.Thefunctionofanoldlighthouse.C.ThePharos,awonderoftheancientworld.D.Thearchitectofanoldlighthouse.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.C【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了古代世界七大奇迹之一的亚历山大港的Pharos灯塔的建造时间、建筑师、毁灭时间以及灯塔的结构和使用功能等。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“AtthebaseofthePharos,Sostratesleftamessagecontaininghisownname.ThenhecovereditwithplasterandleftPtolemy'snameoverit.”（在Pharos的地基上，Sostrates留下了一条包含他自己名字的信息。然后他用石膏把它覆盖起来，并把Ptolemy的名字留在上面。）可知，Sostrates在Pharos的底部使用石膏是为了把他的自己的名字留在地基上，故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“In290B.C,PtolemyISoter,therulerofEgypt,orderedthebuildingofthelighthouse.”（公元前290年，埃及统治者PtolemyISoter下令建造灯塔。）以及第三段“In1302and1323,twostrongearthquakeshitAlexandria,damagingthelighthouse.In1326,itfinallyfellintothesea.”（在1302年和1323年，两次强烈地震袭击了亚历山大港，损坏了灯塔。1326年，它终于坠入大海。）可知，亚历山大港的Pharos灯塔始建于公元前290年，毁于公元1326年，因此Pharos灯塔存在的时间是1326+290=1616，大约存在了1600年，故选C项。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据上一句“AtthetopofthelighthousestoodalargestatueofPoseidon,theGreekgodofthesea.”（灯塔顶上矗立着希腊海神波塞冬的大型雕像。）可知，“Underitwasabeacon,thesourceoflightforthelighthouse.”这一句指的是“在雕像下面是一个信号灯，灯塔的光源。因此本句中的it指的是上一句中的statue，“雕像”，故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍的是古代世界七大奇迹之一的亚历山大港的Pharos灯塔的建造时间、建筑师、毁灭时间以及灯塔的结构和使用功能等，C项概括性强，符合标题要求，故选C项。DWehumansusedtothinkthatourabilitytousetoolsmadeusdifferentfromallotheranimals.Butthenwefoundoutthatchimpsusetools,too,suchasstickstogatherdistantsnacksandrockstohammeropennuts.Andsomebirdsusetools—likebrainyNewCaledoniancrows(乌鸦),whichcancollectmultiparttoolstosolvepuzzleboxespresentedtothembyresearchers.Nowwe’velearnedthatadifferentgroupofbirds—seabirds—canalsousetools.ScientistsspiedonAtlanticpuffins,thedistinctivebirdswithbrightorangebeaks(鸟喙).Andin2014theobserversspottedonefloatingontheseaoffWales,scratching(抓挠)itsbackwithastick.Then,in2018,theresearcherscaughtanothertoolusingpuffinoncamera,onIceland’sGrímseyIsland.Intheshortvideoclip,apuffincanbeseengrabbingastickwithitsbeakandthenusingittoscratchitschest—perhapstoremoveoneoftheseabirdticks(蜱虫)livingontheislandthatsummer.Thedetailsaboutpuffins’superbabilityareintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.StudyauthorAnnetteFayettoldScientificAmericaninanemailthatthesetwoinstancesdon’tprovethatseabirdsarehighlyintelligent—thoughtheycouldbesmarterthanwethought.Butwhatiscertain,shesays,isthatpuffinpopulationsarecrashing,andit’slargelythefaultofusandourtools—whichhaveledtooverfishing,climatechange,marinepollutionandthepresenceofinvasivespecies,allofwhichmakeseabirdlifeharder.Itwouldbenicetokeeppuffinsandotherbirdsaroundandfindoutjustwhatelsewedon’tknowthatthey’reabletodo.12.Whatdoweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A.Chimpsaresmarterthanotheranimals.B.Crowsarethecleverestbirdsintheworld.C.Someanimalsaresmarterthanoriginallythought.D.Mammalsandbirdsareclevererthanotherspecies.13.Whatabilitydopuffinshaveaccordingtothefindings?A.Tofloatonthewater. B.Totreatsomediseases.C.Tokillislandinsects. D.Tomakeuseofastick.14.Whatelsedoesthestudyaboutpuffinsshow?A.Theypossesshighintelligence.B.Theyhavebeenendangeredforlong.C.Theirnumberisdecreasingveryfast.D.Theirexistenceaffectsotherseaanimals.15.WhatdoAnnetteFayet’swordsimply?A.Itisnecessarytoprotectseabirdslikepuffins.B.Humansaretoblameforsomespecies’extinction.C.Scientistshaveknownmorethantheyneedaboutbirds.D.Enoughevidencehasbeencollectedtoprovepuffins’value.【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有些动物使用工具的能力比人类想象的要聪明得多，尤其是还鸟类，但是由于人类的过渡捕猎，环境污染等活动，导致这些动物数量锐减，因此保护这些动物很有必要。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Wehumansusedtothinkthatourabilitytousetoolsmadeusdifferentfromallotheranimals.Butthenwefoundoutthatchimpsusetools,too,suchasstickstogatherdistantsnacksandrockstohammeropennuts.（我们人类曾经认为我们使用工具的能力使我们不同于其他动物。但后来我们发现，黑猩猩也会使用工具，比如用棍子收集远处的零食，用石头砸开坚果。）”后面紧接着举例乌鸦也会使用工具，可知，有些动物比我们想象的要聪明。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Andin2014theobserversspottedonefloatingontheseaoffWales,scratching(抓挠)itsbackwithastick.Then,in2018,theresearcherscaughtanothertoolusingpuffinoncamera,onIceland’sGrímseyIsland.Intheshortvideoclip,apuffincanbeseengrabbingastickwithitsbeakandthenusingittoscratchitschest—perhapstoremoveoneoftheseabirdticks(蜱虫)livingontheislandthatsummer.（2014年，观察者们发现了一只漂浮在威尔士海面上大西洋海鹦用一根棍子挠它的背部。然后，在2018年，研究人员在冰岛格里姆西岛拍摄到了另一只使用工具的海鹦。在这段短视频中，可以看到一只海鹦用嘴抓住一根棍子，然后用它抓自己的胸部——可能是为了除掉那年夏天生活在岛上的一只海鹦蜱虫。）”文中几次提到木棍，可知，海鹦具有使用木棍的能力。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Butwhatiscertain,shesays,isthatpuffinpopulationsarecrashing,andit’slargelythefaultofusandourtools—whichhaveledtooverfishing,climatechange,marinepollutionandthepresenceofinvasivespecies,allofwhichmakeseabirdlifeharder.（但她说，可以确定的是，海鹦的数量正在减少，这在很大程度上是我们和我们的工具造成的——它们导致了过度捕捞、气候变化、海洋污染和入侵物种的存在，所有这些都使海鸟的生活更加艰难。）”可知，海鹦的数量正在锐减。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“…andit’slargelythefaultofusandourtools—whichhaveledtooverfishing,climatechange,marinepollutionandthepresenceofinvasivespecies,allofwhichmakeseabirdlifeharder.Itwouldbenicetokeeppuffinsandotherbirdsaroundandfindoutjustwhatelsewedon’tknowthatthey’reabletodo.（…这在很大程度上是我们和我们的工具造成的——它们导致了过度捕捞、气候变化、海洋污染和入侵物种的存在，所有这些都使海鸟的生活更加艰难。让海鹦和其他鸟类生存在我们周围，就可以发现其他我们所不知道的能力。）”可知，AnnetteFayet认为保护像海鹦这样的海鸟很有必要。故选A项。二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共分）Apowerfulmagnitude7.1temblorrockedSouthernCaliforniaat8:19PTonJuly5,2019,just34hoursafteramagnitude6.4earthquakehitthesamearea.Thislatesteventwaswidelyfelt.____16____Aftershocksareexpectedtocontinue.Earthquakesarealsocalledtemblors.____17____It’shardtoimaginetheyhappenbythethousandseverydayaroundtheworld,usuallyintheformofsmalltremors.Some80%ofalltheplanet’searthquakeshappenalongtherim(边缘)ofthePacificOcean.____18____Thatisbecauseofalotofvolcanicactivitythere,aswell.Scientistsgiveamagnituderatingtoearthquakesbasedonthestrengthanddurationoftheirseismic(地震的)waves.Amagnitudeof3to4.9isconsideredminororlight;5to6.9ismoderate(中等的)tostrong;7to7.9ismajor;and8ormoreisgreat.___19___Some10,000peopledieinearthquakeseveryyear.Earthquakesmayalsoleadtoothernaturaldisasters.Smallertemblorsthatusuallyhappeninthedaysfollowingalargeearthquakecancausefurtherdeathanddamage.___20___A.Itiscalledthe“RingofFire”.B.Theycancausehugedamage.C.Protectyourselfasquicklyaspossible.D.Infact,amagnitude8quakestrikessomewhereeveryyear.E.Lossoflifecanbeavoidedthroughplanningandeducation.F.Oneimportantwayistotrytomakeyourhomeassafeaspossible.G.ItcausedseveralfiresanddamagetobuildingsandroadsinRidgecrestandnearby.【答案】16.G17.B18.A19.D20.E【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章以2019年发生在加利福尼亚州的地震为例介绍了地震的相关知识。【16题详解】根据上文“Apowerfulmagnitude7.1temblorrockedSouthernCaliforniaat8:19PTonJuly5,2019,just34hoursafteramagnitude6.4earthquakehitthesamearea.”（2019年7月5日，太平洋时间8点19分，一场级的强烈地震袭击了南加州，就在34小时前，一场级地震袭击了该地区）可知南加州发生了地震，该空承接上文，说明这次地震带来的后果，G选项“在里奇克莱斯特和附近造成了几起火灾以及建筑物和道路的损毁”切题，选项中的It指代上文中的Apowerfulmagnitude7.1temblor。故选G。【17题详解】上文“Earthquakesarealsocalledtemblors.”说Earthquakes也被称为temblors，下文“It’shardtoimaginetheyhappenbythethousandseverydayaroundtheworld,usuallyintheformofsmalltremors.”说很难想象世界各地每天都有成千上万的地震发生，通常都是小地震。该空承上启下，说明地震的危害。B选项“它们会造成巨大的损害”切题，They指代上文中的Earthquakes。故选B。【18题详解】上文“Some80%ofalltheplanet’searthquakeshappenalongtherim(边缘)ofthePacificOcean.”说地球上80%的地震发生在太平洋沿岸。下文“Thatisbecauseofalotofvolcanicactivitythere,aswell.”说这也是因为那里有很多火山活动。该空承接上下文，进一步解释这种地理现象。A选项“它被称为火山带”切题，选项中的“RingofFire”对应上文中的“alongtherim(边缘)ofthePacificOcean.”故选A。【19题详解】根据前文“...and8ormoreisgreat”可知，D项承接上文中的8ormoreisgreat，与下文中的“Some10,000peopledieinearthquakeseveryyear”（每年大约有一万人死于地震）之间是并列关系，指出了全球每年地震发生的概况，D选项“事实上，每年都会有八级的地震发生”切题。故选D。【20题详解】根据上文“Smallertemblorsthatusuallyhappeninthedaysfollowingalargeearthquakecancausefurtherdeathanddamage”（通常在大地震后几天发生较小的地震会造成进一步的死亡和破坏）可知这里提到大地震之后发生的震级较小的地震会造成进一步的死亡与损失。该空承接上文，指出避免造成这一损失的方法与措施，E选项“生命的损失可以通过规划和教育来避免”切题。故选E。三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共分）Everyfamilyshouldhaveanemergencykitintheirhome.Ifthereisanearthquakeorahurricane,forexample,therecouldbea____21____cut,orthewatercouldgetpolluted.Youmightbe____22____atyourhomeforseveraldaysbecauseofastormoraflood.Havinganemergencykit____23____couldhelpifanythinglikethis____24____.Youremergencykitmightincludethefollowing____25____:Thefirstaidkitshouldincludealcohol,cottonwool,bandages,painkillers,cleanbottledwaterandburnointment.Itis____26____tokeepnonperishable(不易腐坏的)foodsupplies.Inotherwords,foodthatwon'tspoil(变质)outofthefridge,suchascannedfood.Thereshouldbe____27____foodforthreedays.Itisbetterifthefooddoesnothavetobecooked.Don't____28____thecanopener!It'sagood____29____foreachfamilymembertohavea_____30_____changeofclothes,includingwaterproofshoesandaraincoat,aswellassomewarmblanketsincaseyouhaveto_____31_____outdoors,justasifyouwerecamping!Otherthingsyoucan_____32_____thekitare:flashlightandsparebatteries,paperandpencils,mobileradio,matchesandcandles.Don'tforgetthesethingsneedtobecheckedregularly(定期地)tobesurethatthey_____33_____well.Checktheexpiry(期满)_____34_____onanycannedfood.Youcanalsoputinabackpacksomeofthethingsthatare_____35_____toyou,suchasatoyorsomethingelsethatyoucareabout.21.A.paper B.price C.knife D.power22.A.relaxed B.alone C.stuck D.free23.A.clean B.prepared C.open D.paid24.A.happens B.changes C.stops D.chooses25.A.plans B.tips C.disasters D.supplies26.A.unspeakable B.reusable C.advisable D.admirable27.A.some B.enough C.hot D.delicious28.A.forget B.bring C.try D.buy29.A.dream B.excuse C.idea D.chance30.A.sudden B.daily C.spare D.real31.A.sleep B.tour C.run D.cook32.A.takein B.getin C.turnin D.putin33.A.play B.work C.deliver D.know34.A.date B.notice C.law D.value35.A.boring B.important C.new D.acceptable【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.A25.D26.C27.B28.A29.C30.C31.A32.D33.B34.A35.B【解析】本文为说明文。本文介绍了在家准备一个急救箱，并详细说明了急救箱中的具体物品。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，如果有地震或飓风，可能会被电切断，或水可能会被污染。A.paper报纸，纸张；B.price价格；C.knife刀，匕首；D.power力量，电力。由句中的“Ifthereisanearthquakeorahurricane”以及“orthewatercouldgetpolluted.”可知，此处指地震或者飓风来临的时候，可能会断电。故选D。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为暴风雨或洪水，你可能要困在家几天。A.relaxed放松的；B.alone孤独的；C.stuck困住的；D.free自由的。免费的。由句中的“becauseofastormoraflood.”可知，此处指困在家里。故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果发生类似情况，准备一个应急包会有帮助。A.clean清洁的，干净的；B.prepared准备好的；C.open公开的，敞开的；D.paid有薪酬的。根据下文“Youremergencykitmightincludethefollowing____5____:…”可知，需要提前准备好急救包。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.happens发生；B.changes改变；C.stops停止；D.chooses选择。句中this指上文的“anearthquakeorahurricane”，所以此处指如果地震或飓风发生的时候，准备好急救包是有用的。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的应急包可能包括以下用品。A.plans计划；B.tips提示；C.disasters灾难；D.supplies物资，供应品。由句中的“Youremergencykit”可知，此处指急救包中包括的物品。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：建议最好保存不易腐烂的食品。A.unspeakable无法形容的；B.reusable可以再度使用的；C.advisable明智的，可取的，适当的；D.admirable令人钦佩的。由下文的“Inotherwords,foodthatwon'tspoil(变质)outofthefridge,suchascannedfood.”可知，此处表示建议保存不易腐烂的食物。故选C。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：应该有足够三天食物。A.some一些；B.enough足够的；C.hot炎热的；D.delicious美味的。由句中的“forthreedays”可知，此处表示食物的储备要足够到支撑至少三天。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要忘记开罐器。A.forget忘记；B.bring带来；C.try尝试；D.buy购买。由上文的“suchascannedfood”可知，罐装食物适合储备，但是需要开罐器。所以不要忘记开罐器。故选A。29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个家庭成员都有一套备用的衣服是个好主意，包括防水鞋和雨衣，还有一些温暖的毯子，以防你不得不睡在户外，就像你在露营一样！A.dream梦；B.excuse借口；C.idea想法；D.chance机会。由句中的“tohavea(10)changeofclothes”可知，此处指某个好的想法。故选C。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.sudden突然的；B.daily日常的；C.spare额外的，备用的；D.real实际的，真实的。由句中的“changeofclothes,includingwaterproofshoesandaraincoat”可知，此处表示备用的，可以更换的衣服。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.sleep睡觉；B.tour旅游；C.run跑；D.cook做饭。由句中的“aswellassomewarmblankets”和“outdoors”可知，此处指睡觉的时候可以用毯子保暖。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你还可以把手电筒和备用电池、纸和铅笔、移动收音机、火柴和蜡烛放进工具包。A.takein吸收，欺骗；B.getin进入，到达；C.turnin交上，归还；D.putin提出，放入。由句中的“flashlightandsparebatteries,paperandpencils,mobileradio,matchesandcandles.”可知，作者列举了放入工具包的物品。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：别忘了这些东西需要定期检查，以确保它们能正常使用。A.play玩；B.work使工作，操作；C.deliver交付，发表，递送；D.know知道。由句中的“checkedregularly”和“besure”可知，此处指定期检查，确保这些物品都能正常使用。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：检查罐装食品的有效期。A.date日期；B.notice注意；C.law法律；D.value价值。由“Checktheexpiry(期满)(14)onanycannedfood.”可知，此处指检查罐装食品的有效日期。故选A。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你也可以把一些对你很重要的东西放在背包里，比如玩具或其他你关心的东西。A.boring无聊的；B.important重要的；C.new新的；D.acceptable可接受的。由句中的“suchasatoyorsomethingelsethatyoucareabout”可知，此处指对你来说重要的东西。故选B。四、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共分）TheChineseWritingSystem:ConnectingthePastandthePresentChinais___36___(wide)knownforitsancientcivilisation.Therearemanyreasons____37____thishasbeenpossible,butoneofthemainfactorshasbeentheChinese____38____(write)system.____39____thebeginning,writtenChinesewasapicturebasedlanguage.BytheShangDynasty,thesesymbols____40____(bee)awelldevelopedwritingsystem.BytheQinDynasty,theChinesewritingsystembegantodevelop____41____onedirection.Thewritingsystemwasofgreat____42____(important)inunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.Chinaˈspresentis____43____(connect)withitspastbywrittenChinese.Today,theChinesewritingsystemisstill____44____importantpartofChineseculture.AndmoreandmorepeoplearebeginningtoappreciateChinaˈscultureandhistorythroughthis____45____(amaze)language.【答案】36.widely37.why38.writing39.At40.hadbee41.in42.importance43.connected44.an45.amazing【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中国的文字系统连接了过去和现在，是中国文化的重要组成部分。【36题详解】考查副词。句意：中国以其古老的文明而闻名。根据动词isknown可知空格处需用副词修饰动词作状语，wide的副词是widely，意为“广泛地”。故填widely。【37题详解】考查定语从句的关系词。句意：有很多原因可以解释为什么这是可能的，但其中一个主要因素是中国的书写系统。分析句子可知，reasons后为定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，reasons表原因，因此空格处用引导词why。故填why。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：有很多原因可以解释为什么这是可能的，但其中一个主要因素是中国的书写系统。根据名词system可知，空格处要用名词writing作定语，修饰名词system。故填writing。【39题详解】考查介词。句意：一开始，书面语是一种以图画为基础的语言。短语atthebeginning是固定短语，意为“从一开始，起初”，因此空格处用at，位于句首，首字母大写。故填At。【40题详解】考查时态。句意：到了商朝，这些符号已经成为一种非常发达的文字系统。根据BytheShangDynasty可知，句子时态要用过去完成时，即hadbee。故填hadbee。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：到了秦朝，中国的文字系统开始朝一个方向发展。短语in...direction是固定短语，意为“朝……方向”，因此空格处用介词in。故填in。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：文字系统在团结中华民族和文化方面起着重要作用。根据great为形容词，其后跟名词，important的名词是importance，是不可数名词；sth.beofgreatimportance为固定短语，意为“某物很重要”。故填importance。【43题详解】考查过去分词。句意：中国的现在和过去是通过书面汉语联系在一起的。根据主语为China’spresent，可知句子用一般过去时的被动语态，因此空格处用过去分词。故填connected。【44题详解】考查冠词。句意：今天，中国的文字系统仍然是中国文化的重要组成部分。根据part是可数名词，此处表泛指，因此前面需加不定冠词，important是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an。故填an。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：越来越多的人开始通过这门神奇的语言欣赏中国的文化和历史。根据空格处用形容词修饰名词language，language为物，可知修饰物用ving形容词，即amazing，意为“令人惊异的”，在句中作定语。故填amazing。五、任务型读写（本大题共1小题，共分）46.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使其构成一篇完整的短文。“Ihatethem!Ireallyhatethem!"shoutedTomangrily.TaraandMikelookedattheirfriend.Theycouldn'tbelieveit.Hewasreallyfurious!“AndyisOKnow,"saidTara,tryingtocalmTomdown.Thethreefriendswereintheparkafterschool.TheyweretalkingabouttheirfriendAndy.Andywastheyoungestintheclassandtodaytwobullies(欺凌者)pushedhimagainstalockerandhurthim.Andyfellandcuthishead.Nowhehasfivestitches(缝针)inhisforehead.Theirschoolwasanice,peacefulplaceuntilBrianandMarkarrivedafewmonthsago.BrianandMarkwerebulliesandtheirfavoritetroublespotwasthelockerroom.ThatmorningtheirvictimwasAndy,maybebecausehewassmallerandyoungerthaneveryoneelseintheclass.Theteachersknewthatthereweresomebullyingincidentsatschool.Butmostkidsdidn'twanttoreporttheincidents.Sobullyingattheirschoolwasn'tan“official"problem.DuringtheincidentAndycuthishead.Assoonasthebulliessawtheblood,theydisappeared.Andycalledforhelpandateachercameandtookhimstraighttothehospital.ButAndydidn'ttelltheteacheraboutthebullies.Whentheheadteacheraskedhim,hesimplysaid,“Ifellandcutmyhead"“BrianandMarkmustpay!"repeatedTom.Hewaswalkingaroundincirclesandhittingthepalmofhislefthandwithhisrightfist.“Can'tyousee?Youarebehavinglikethebullies,"Tarasaidsadly.MikelookedatTom,too,andheknewTomverywell,Tomhatedviolence.“bullyingisnotcool,”saidMike,wavinghisarmslikehewasdancing.“Wehavetotellsomeoneaboutthis,"saidTara.“Andywashurt."Butrightnow,Tomhadotherthingsonhismind.Henotonlyhatedthebulliesbutalsohatedviolence.Hewasinadilemma一hewantedtofightBrianandMarkbuthedidn'twanttofightwiththebulliesbyviolence.注意:1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右:2.续写部分