十年高考高考英语真题分项详解 专题22 阅读理解 阅读表达类（含解析）-人教高三全册英语试题

十年（2010~2020）高考英语真题分项详解22阅读理解·阅读表达类1.（2020年，天津卷，第一次高考）Irememberthedayshynesstookovermylife.Iwas14andhavingaFrenchlessonTheteachertoldustorecordourselvesspeakingaboutaholiday.Perfect！Irecordedmyselfwithconfidence.Then,Ipressed"play"tolistenback.AllIheardwasalittlekidtalking.MyimmediatereactionwastoassumeIwaslisteningtosomeoneelse'srecording.Butthatwasmyvoice.Irealisedtherewassomethingstrangeaboutme.Mylittlevoicehasmademefeelreallyshy.Andmyshynesshascausedmetoavoidattendingevents,notmakeimportantconnections,andkeepmyideastomyself.Asashyperson,workingfromhome,hidingbehindmycomputerwasbrilliant.ButthemoretimeIspenthiddenaway,themoremycomfortzoneshrank（缩小）.Everydayinteractions,likeorderingacoffee,becameincreasinglyawkwardanduncomfortable.Andthen,onedayIwasatabigconferenceanditsuddenlyhitmelikelightning.Allspeakerswereconfident,comfortablewithbeingseen.Therewerenoquietervoices.Butthetroubleis,iftheloudvoicesaretheonlyonesyouhear,wequietpeoplefeelevenmorealienated（疏远的）。Theworldneedsamixtureofpersonalities.Successisnotjustaboutwhocanshouttheloudest.Theworldneedsquieterpeople,too.ThatdayIchosetostophidingandembracemyshyness.NomorefeelinglikeIneededtochangewhoIaminordertosucceed.Nomorelivingasmalllife.ThenIcreatedtheShyandMightySociety,aspaceforshypeoplelikemetoshine,andintheprocessofhelpingothers,Icouldalsopushmyselfforward,bitbybit.Now,I'mhappytotellpeopleIfeelshy.I'mnotashamedanymore.AndIknowthatI’mnotalone.1.Whydidtheauthorfeelstrangeaboutherselfafterlisteningtotherecording?（nomorethan10words）2.WhatisthemainideaofPara.2?（nomorethan10words3.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinPara.3mean?（1word）4.WhydidtheauthorcreatetheShyandMightySociety?（nomorethan10words）5.SupposeyouareinchargeoftheShyandMightySociety,whatwillyoudotohelpothershypeople?Andwhy?（nomorethan20words）【答案】1.Becausehervoicewasdifferentfromwhatshehadexpected.Or:Becauseallsheheardwasalittlekidtalking.Or:Becauseofherlittlevoice.2.Hershynesshada/an（bad）influence/effect/impactonher（life）Or:Hershynesskeptherhiddenaway.Or:Hershynesskeptherawayfromotherpeople.3.Accept.Or:Welcome.4.Tohelpshypeople（toshine）andpushherselfforward.Or:Tohelpothershypeopleandherself.5.Iwillorganizeaspeechcontestsothattheycanwalkoutoftheircomfortzoneandbecomemoreconfident.Or:Iwillsharemyexperiencewiththem,tellingthemhowIhandlemyshyness.Or:Iwillencouragethemtotakepartinvariousactivitiestoimprovetheirsocialskills.【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一个害羞的人，害差使作者不敢参加活动，并把自己封闭起来。后来作者接受了自己的害怕，并创建了ShyandMightySociety，给像自己一样害羞的人发光的空间，共同提高。1.细节理解题。根据第一段“Ipressed"play"tolistenback.AllIheardwasalittlekidtalking.MyimmediatereactionwastoassumeIwaslisteningtosomeoneelse'srecording.Butthatwasmyvoice.Irealisedtherewassomethingstrangeaboutme.”可知，作者录完音后，按下“播放”键来听，奇怪地听到一个小孩在说话。作者的第一反应是以为在听别人的录音，但那是作者的声音。由此可知，作者感到奇怪是因为自己的声音小，或听到一个小孩在说话，或是感觉听到的不是自己期望的。故答案为：Becausehervoicewasdifferentfromwhatshehadexpected.Or:Becauseallsheheardwasalittlekidtalking.Or:Becauseofherlittlevoice.2.段落大意题。根据第二段“Mylittlevoicehasmademefeelreallyshy.Andmyshynesshascausedmetoavoidattendingevents,notmakeimportantconnections,andkeepmyideastomyself.Asashyperson,workingfromhome,hidingbehindmycomputerwasbrilliant.ButthemoretimeIspenthiddenaway,themoremycomfortzoneshrank（缩小）.”可知作者的声音小，使作者害羞，害羞使作者不参加活动，不和别人交流。作者越隐藏自己，舒适区就越小。这些都说明了害羞使作者隐藏，远离了别人，给作者带来了坏影响。故答案为：Hershynesshada/an（bad）influence/effect/impactonher（life）.Or:Hershynesskeptherhiddenaway.Or:Hershynesskeptherawayfromotherpeople.3.词义猜测题。上句提到“Theworldneedsamixtureofpersonalities.Successisnotjustaboutwhocanshouttheloudest.Theworldneedsquieterpeople,too.”表明作者感悟到这个世界需个性。成功不只是谁喊得声最大。世界也需要更安静的人。根据“ThatdayIchosetostophiding”可知作者选择不再躲藏，接受自己的害羞。embrace原意是“拥抱”，此处指“接受，迎接”，故答案为：Accept.Or:Welcome.4.细节理解题。根据最后一段“ThenIcreatedtheShyandMightySociety,aspaceforshypeoplelikemetoshine,andintheprocessofhelpingothers,Icouldalsopushmyselfforward,”可知作者创建ShyandMightySociety是为了给像自己一样害羞的人发光的空间，在帮助别人的过程中，也可以推动自己一点点前进。故答案为：Tohelpshypeople（toshine）andpushherselfforward.Or:Tohelpothershypeopleandherself.5.推理判断题。作者创建ShyandMightySociety是为了给像自己一样害羞的人发光的空间，所以作为这个组织的负责人应该是组织活动或分享克服害羞的经验，用多种形式鼓励他人战胜害羞、增加自信、提高社交技能。故答案可以是：Iwillorganizeaspeechcontestsothattheycanwalkoutoftheircomfortzoneandbecomemoreconfident.Or:Iwillsharemyexperiencewiththem,tellingthemhowIhandlemyshyness.Or:Iwillencouragethemtotakepartinvariousactivitiestoimprovetheirsocialskills.2.（2020年，天津卷，第二次高考）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。Asanyyoungerbrotherwilltellyou,havingabigbrotherinvolvesalotofwalkinginsomeoneelse’sshadow,especiallywhenyouhaveabrotherwhoisatypicalexampleof“cool”.ForyearsIwantedtodoeverythingmyelderbrotherTysondid,butnomatterhowhardItried,Iwasalwaystheneglected(被忽略的)one.Mylegsjustweren’tmadetorunlikehis.Icouldneverplayfootballorbasketballwell.Iprobablywouldhavecontinuedtryingtokeepupwithhimfortherestofmyhighschoolcareer,butwhenmyfamilymoved,everythingchanged.Tysonleftforcollege,soIhadtostartatanewschoolallbymyself.Thisnewstartgavemeanopportunitytoredefinemyselfanddiscoveranentirelynewversionof“cool”.Idon’tknowwhatmademedecidetotrysomenewactivitiesatthenewschool,butonedayIchancedtoshowupforanafter-schoolmeetingoftheScienceOlympiadteam.Ihadalwaysbeenfascinatedwithchemistry,biology,andmath,butsincethoseinterestshadn’tfitTyson’sdefinitionof“cool”,Ihadneverpursuedthem.Onthisday,forsomereason,Idid.Asweorganizedteams,preparedresourcesandpracticedansweringquestions,IfeltmoreconnectedthanIeverhadtoanysportsteam.Ididn’tfeelasthoughIneededtokeepupwithanybodyelse;Iwasfinallywithpeerswhounderstoodme.ItwassogoodtofeelacceptedforwhatI’mgoodat.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Iactuallyfeltcool.NowIknowwhoIam!I’mTyson’slittlebrother,butthat’sonlypartofmyidentity.I’macoolguyinmyownway,too.I’mrelievedtoknowthat“cool”hasamuchbroaderdefinitionthanwhatIusedtothink.6.HowdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedpartinParagraph1?(nomorethan8words)_________________________7.Whatchangesofferedanewstarttotheauthorafterhisfamilymoved?(nomorethan15words)_________________________8.AccordingtoParagraph3,whatmarkedtheturningpointintheauthor’sgrowth?(nomorethan7words)_________________________9.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?(nomorethan10words)_________________________10.Whatisyourexampleof“cool”?Pleaseexplainwhy.(nomorethan20words)_________________________【答案】6.Receivinglessattentionthansomeoneelse.Or:Being/Feelinglesssuccessfulthansomeoneelse.Or:Being/Feelingneglected.7.Thathisbrotherleftforcollegeandhechangedschools.Or:Tyson’sleavingforcollegeandtheauthor’sgoingto/attendinganewschool.8.JoiningtheScienceOlympiadteam.Or:ThathejoinedtheScienceOlympiadteam.Or:Discoveringhistrueinterests(inscience).9.(How)theauthordiscoveredabroaderdefinitionof“cool”.Or:Hehasdiscoveredhisownwaytobecool.Or:Hefoundhisownidentity.10.PlayingfootballwelliscoolbecauseIcanshowhowstrongIam.Or:Playingthepianoiscoolbecauseitcangivemejoy.Or:Helpingthepooriscoolbecauseitcangivethemhopeandbringmepleasure.【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一直活在哥哥泰森的阴影下，他的哥哥很酷，所以他总是被忽略。但当哥哥离开去上大学，他独自开始学校生活时，通过加入学校的ScienceOlympiad，他找到了真正的自己，也按自己的理解重新定义了”酷”。6.词义猜测题。根据第一段的Asanyyoungerbrotherwilltellyou,havingabigbrotherinvolvesalotofwalkinginsomeoneelse’sshadow,especiallywhenyouhaveabrotherwhoisatypicalexampleof“cool”.ForyearsIwantedtodoeverythingmyelderbrotherTysondid,butnomatterhowhardItried,Iwasalwaystheneglectedone.可知，就像任何一个弟弟会告诉你的那样，有一个大哥哥意味着走在别人的影子里，尤其是当你有一个很“酷”的哥哥时。多年以来，我想做我的哥哥泰森做的一切，但是无论我怎么努力，我总是被忽略的一个。根据句意，尤其是Iwasalwaystheneglectedone可推测，划线部分的意思是“得不到关注/被忽略”。故填:Receivinglessattentionthansomeoneelse.Or:Being/Feelinglesssuccessfulthansomeoneelse.Or:Being/Feelingneglected.7.细节理解题。根据第二段的butwhenmyfamilymoved,everythingchanged.Tysonleftforcollege,soIhadtostartatanewschoolallbymyself.(但当我们搬家时，一切都改变了。泰森去上大学了，所以我不得不独自在一个新的学校开始)可知，搬家后，作者的哥哥去上大学以及作者独自开始新学校的生活给了作者他新的开始。故填:Thathisbrotherleftforcollegeandhechangedschools.Or:Tyson’sleavingforcollegeandtheauthor’sgoingto/attendinganewschool.8.细节理解题。根据第三段的Ihadalwaysbeenfascinatedwithchemistry,biology,andmath,butsincethoseinterestshadn’tfitTyson’sdefinitionof“cool”,Ihadneverpursuedthem.Onthisday,forsomereason,Idid.(我一直对化学、生物和数学着迷，但因为这些兴趣不符合泰森对“酷”的定义，所以我从来没有追求过。这一天，出于某种原因，我参加了)可知，参加ScienceOlympiad队是作者成长的转折点，因为他选择不再做哥哥的“影子”。故填:JoiningtheScienceOlympiadteam.Or:ThathejoinedtheScienceOlympiadteam.Or:Discoveringhistrueinterests(inscience).9.主旨大意题。根据本段的主要内容，尤其是NowIknowwhoIam!I’mTyson’slittlebrother,butthat’sonlypartofmyidentity.I’macoolguyinmyownway,too.I’mrelievedtoknowthat“cool”hasamuchbroaderdefinitionthanwhatIusedtothink.(现在我知道我是谁了！我是泰森的弟弟，但那只是我身份的一部分。按照我自的方式，我也是个很酷的人。知道酷的定义比我以前认为的要宽泛得多，我感到很欣慰)可知，本段主要讲述了作者找到了自己的身份以及自己对酷的定义。故填:(How)theauthordiscoveredabroaderdefinitionof“cool”.Or:Hehasdiscoveredhisownwaytobecool.Or:Hefoundhisownidentity.10.开放性题目。只要回答出自己认为什么很酷，以及原因即可。故可填:PlayingfootballwelliscoolbecauseIcanshowhowstrongIam.Or:Playingthepianoiscoolbecauseitcangivemejoy.Or:Helpingthepooriscoolbecauseitcangivethemhopeandbringmepleasure.3.（2018年3月，天津卷）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。Formanyteenagers,ajobisawaytoearnalittleextramoney.Forme,itismorethanthat.Attheageof16,Iwasofferedmyveryfirstjobasashopgirlinaclothingstore.Onthefirstday,mymanagerwastrainingmehowtofoldandorganizeplatformafterplatformofclothes.Theworkseemedoverwhelming,andeverythinghadtobedoneinanaccurateway.IgotsoimpatientbecauseIcouldn’tgetitrightthefirstcoupleoftimes.Afterabouttentries,Ihadtheclothesfoldedperfectly.Thenittookmethirtyminutestogetthemalllookinguniform.Now,Ifoldandorganizeclotheseveryday,andI’mabletodothemwell.Throughthisexperience,I’velearnedtobepatient.HelpingcustomersandestablishingconnectionswiththemisoneofthethingsIlovemostaboutmyjob.Abouttwomonthsago,Ihelpedawomanwhowaslookingforadress.Shetoldmeexactlywhatshewaspicturing—abluedresswithlongsleevesandalaceneck.Wedidn’thaveanysuchdress,andwhenIexplainedthattoher,shewasn’tveryhappy.Insteadofgettingannoyed,Itriedgettingtoknowherabitbetterandaskedwhatthedresswasfor,soIcouldfindotheritemsinhersizethatcouldwork.WesharedourloveoftheNetflixfashionshow,andsheendedupbuying$200worthofnewclothes,havingfoundotheritemssheliked.Thisexperiencehastaughtmetobemoreopenwithstrangers.Everyjobhasitsshareoffrustrationsandchallenges;todowellyoumustlearntodealwiththem.I’velearnedthisfrommyownexperience,andithashelpedmeinotheraspectsofmylifeaswell.11.Whatwastheauthor’sfirstjob?(nomorethan5words)12.WhatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinPara.2?(nomorethan3words)13.Howdidtheauthormanagetomeetthecustomer’sneedsinPara.3?(nomorethan15words)14.Howhastheauthor’sworkexperiencechangedherinpersonality?(nomorethan10words)15.Whatjobwouldyouliketodo?Howcanyouhelppeopleinyourwork?(nomorethan20words)【答案】11.Sellingclothes.Or:Shesoldclothes.Or:Sheworkedasashopgirl.Or:Workinginaclothingstore.Or:Workingasashopgirl.Or:Shewasashopgirl.12.Hugeanddifficult.Or:Toomuch/Beyondme.Or:Difficult/Tough/Hard/Frustrating.Or:Challenging/Demanding.Or:Greatinamount.13.Shelearnedaboutthecustomer’sinterestandhelpedhergettheclothesthatsuitedher.Or:Bylearningaboutthecustomer’stasteandwhatherdresswasfor.Or:Shehelpedthecustomertogettheclothessheliked.14.Ithasmadeherpatientandmoreopenwithpeople/strangers.Or:Sheis(more)patientandmoreopenwithpeople/strangers.Or:Shehasbecome(more)patientandmoreopenwithpeople/strangers.Or:Sheismorepatientandopenfacingfrustrationsandchallenges.15.I’dliketobeateacher.Icanhelpchildrenacquireknowledgeandgrowup.Or:I’dliketobeadoctorsothatIcanimprovepeople’shealthandsavetheirlives.Or:I’dliketobeapoliceman.Icanprotectpeoplefromdangerandcreateasafelivingenvironment.【解析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者在16岁当售货员的经历，通过此经历，作者学会了要有耐心，且对陌生人更加诚恳。告诉读者每一份工作都有它的挫折和挑战;要想做好，你必须学会去处理它们，这对我生活的其他方面也有帮助。11.细节理解题。由第二段“Attheageof16,Iwasofferedmyveryfirstjobasashopgirlinaclothingstore”可知，16岁时，作者得到了第一份工作，在一家服装店当店员。所以作者的第一份工作是卖衣服。故回答为：Sellingclothes.Or:Shesoldclothes.Or:Sheworkedasashopgirl.Or:Workinginaclothingstore.Or:Workingasashopgirl.Or:Shewasashopgirl.12.词句猜测题。由第二段划线词后的句子“everythinghadtobedoneinanaccurateway.IgotsoimpatientbecauseIcouldn’tgetitrightthefirstcoupleoftimes.Afterabouttentries,Ihadtheclothesfoldedperfectly.Thenittookmethirtyminutestogetthemalllookinguniform.”可知，每件事都必须准确无误地完成。我很不耐烦，因为前几次我都做的不好。试了大约十次后，我才把衣服叠得整整齐齐。然后我花了30分钟让他们看起来很均匀。所以通过上下文语境可以判断出，第2段划线的“overwhelming”意思是“巨大的和困难的”的意思。故回答为：Hugeanddifficult.Or:Toomuch/Beyondme.Or:Difficult/Tough/Hard/Frustrating.Or:Challenging/Demanding.Or:Greatinamount.13.细节理解题。由第三段“Insteadofgettingannoyed,Itriedgettingtoknowherabitbetterandaskedwhatthedresswasfor,soIcouldfindotheritemsinhersizethatcouldwork.WesharedourloveoftheNetflixfashionshow,andsheendedupbuying$200worthofnewclothes,havingfoundotheritemssheliked.”可知，作者没有生气，而是试着更好地了解她，问她这件衣服要怎么穿，这样我就可以找到其他适合她的尺码的衣服。我们分享了我们对Netflix时装秀的热爱，结果她买了价值200美元的新衣服，找到了她喜欢的其他商品。所以作者了解到顾客的兴趣，帮她买了适合自己的衣服设法来满足客户的需求。故回答为：Shelearnedaboutthecustomer’sinterestandhelpedhergettheclothesthatsuitedher.Or:Bylearningaboutthecustomer’stasteandwhatherdresswasfor.Or:Shehelpedthecustomertogettheclothessheliked.14.细节理解题。由第二段“Throughthisexperience,I’velearnedtobepatient.”通过这次经历，我学会了有耐心。以及第三段“Thisexperiencehastaughtmetobemoreopenwithstrangers.”经历教会我要对陌生人更加诚恳。所以作者的工作经历使她更有耐心，对陌生人更加诚恳。故回答为：Ithasmadeherpatientandmoreopenwithpeople/strangers.Or:Sheis(more)patientandmoreopenwithpeople/strangers.Or:Shehasbecome(more)patientandmoreopenwithpeople/strangers.Or:Sheismorepatientandopenfacingfrustrationsandchallenges.15.推理判断题。通读全文可知，短文叙述了作者在16岁当售货员的经历，作者学会了要有耐心，且对陌生人更加诚恳。作者学会了告诉读者每一份工作都有它的挫折和挑战;要想做好，你必须学会处理它们，这对我生活的其他方面也有帮助。所以判断出你想做什么工作?你怎么帮助别人？故回答为：I’dliketobeateacher.Icanhelpchildrenacquireknowledgeandgrowup.Or:I’dliketobeadoctorsothatIcanimprovepeople’shealthandsavetheirlives.Or:I’dliketobeapoliceman.Icanprotectpeoplefromdangerandcreateasafelivingenvironment.4.（2019年6月，天津卷）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。HazeMabry,whohasworkedasaschoolkeeperforthirteenyears,walksintotheschoolbuildingeverydayandemptiesgarbagecans,wipesdownbathroomsandmopswetmessesinthehallways.LastFriday,afterhearrivedattheschool,insteadoffindinggarbagetocleanup,hefoundalmost800studentsliningthehallwayswithhandmadecards,blowingnoisemakersandsingingafull-throatedhappybirthdaytohim.Itwashis80th.Ashewalkedthelonghallway,somepoppedoutoflinetohughim.Theyhandedhimsomanycardsthattheyfilledseverallargeboxes.Touchedbytheirenthusiasticexpressionofaffection,Mabrythankedthemall.“They’relikemychildren,”Mabrysaid.Onaregularday,studentsattheschoolsometimescomeuptohimtosaythey’renotfeelingwellorothertimestotellhimaboutsomethingthathappenedatbreak.Heknowsmostofthekidsattheschool,butcan’tnameeachone.Someofthemmakehimknowthem.LikeFaith,whooftenforgetsherbackpackinthecafeteria,andLucy,whojustwantsahug.“Hewon’tbrag(夸耀)onhimself,butitdoesn’tmatterwhathe’sdoingorwhereheis,hewillalwaysstopwhathe’sdoingtotakecareofachildifthatchildishavingabadday.Ifachildapproacheshim,hewillpausetogivethatchildhisundividedattention.He’sthemostlovedoneinthisbuilding,”saidLoriGilreath,areadingteacher.Mabryworkscirclesaroundallthestudents,cleaningupmessesothersdon’twanttotouch.Hedoesn’texpectalot.Mabrysaidhehadn’tplannedtodomuchforhismilestonebirthday,sohewashappythestudentshadpreparedthesurprisecelebration.Overtheweekend,heworkedthroughthepilesofhandmadecardsathishouse.Onecardfromastudentstoodouttohim.Itread:“Mr.Haze,youaremysunshine.”16.WhatisMabry’sdailyworkasaschoolkeeper？（nomorethan5words）17.HowdidthestudentscelebrateMabry’sbirthday？（nomorethan15words）18.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph2probablymean？（1word）19.WhyisMabry’spresenceattheschoolimportant？（nomorethan10words）20.Whoisthe“sunshine”inyourlife？Pleaseexplain.（nomorethan20words）【答案】16.Cleaningthe（school）building.Or:Doing（the）cleaning.Or:Hecleansthe（school）building.Or:Hedoes（the）cleaning.17.Byliningthehallways，blowingnoisemakers，singingasong，handinghimcards，andhugginghim.Or:Byliningthehallwayswith（handmade）cards，blowingnoisemakers，singingasong，andhugginghim.Or:Theylinedthehallways，blewnoisemakers，sangasong，handedhimcards，andhuggedhim.Or:Theylinedthehallwayswith（handmade）cards，blewnoisemakers，sangasong，andhuggedhim.18.Love.Or:Liking.Or:Fondness.19.（Because）heloves/caresabout（the）studentsandworkshard.Or:（Because）heloves（the）studentsandisdevotedtohiswork.Or:（Because）heiskind/caring/helpfultothestudents，andhard-working.Or:（Because）heisregardedasakind/warm-hearted/helpful/caringandhard-workingman.20.Myfather/mother.（Because）he/shelovesmeandencouragesmewhenI'mfaced/confrontedwithdifficulties.Or:Myteacher.（Because）he/shecaresaboutmeandpreparesmeformyfuturecareer.Or:Myfriend.（Because）he/shebringsmejoy/happinessandgivesmealotofcomfort/help/encouragement.【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文中记叙了一位清洁工Mabry，他的日常工作就是清扫学校大楼。Mabry爱学生，关心学生。学生们也尊敬他，喜欢他。在他80生日那天，学生们用自己的方式帮他庆祝生日，表达了对Mabry的热爱。16.细节理解题。根据第一段HazeMabry,whohasworkedasaschoolkeeperforthirteenyears,walksintotheschoolbuildingeverydayandemptiesgarbagecans,wipesdownbathroomsandmopswetmessesinthehallways.可知，HazeMabry是一位清洁工，他的日常工作就是清扫学校大楼。因此本句的答案可为：Cleaningthe(school)building；Or：doing(the)cleaning；Or:Hecleansthe(school)building；Or:Hedoes(the)cleaning.17.细节理解题。根据第二段LastFriday,afterhearrivedattheschool,insteadoffindinggarbagetocleanup,hefoundalmost800studentsliningthehallwayswithhandmadecards,blowingnoisemakersandsingingafull-throatedhappybirthdaytohim.Itwashis80th.Ashewalkedthelonghallway,somepoppedoutoflinetohughim.可知，上个周五，他发现几乎有800名学生在走廊里排队，拿着手制卡片，吹口哨，为他唱了一首响亮的生日快乐歌，拥抱他。因此答案为：Byliningthehallways,blowingnoisemakers,singingasong,handinghimcards,andhugginghim.Or:Byliningthehallwayswith(handmade)cards,blowingnoisemakers,singingasong,andhugginghim.Or:Theylinedthehallways,blewnoisemakers,sangasong,handedhimcards,andhuggedhim.Or:Theylinedthehallwayswith(handmade)card,blewnoisemakers,sangasong,handedhimcards,andhuggedhim.18.猜测词义题。根据第二段学生们为Mabry庆祝生日的方式和划线词后的内容Touchedbytheirenthusiasticexpressionofaffection,Mabrythankedthemall.“They’relikemychildren,”Mabrysaid.可知，Mabry爱学生，把学生当作自己的孩子。那么学生们也表达了他们对Mabry的热爱。因此Mabry被学生的爱所感动，故所以“affection”相当于“Love”，故填love，Or:liking.Or:Fondness.19.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的内容hewillalwaysstopwhathe’sdoingtotakecareofachildifthatchildishavingabadday.Ifachildapproacheshim,hewillpausetogivethatchildhisundividedattention.He’sthemostlovedoneinthisbuilding,”以及最后一段Mabryworkscirclesaroundallthestudents,cleaningupmessesothersdon’twanttotouch.Hedoesn’texpectalot.可知，Mabry关心爱护孩子，帮助孩子，是一个善良、热心的人。一个不怕脏不怕累、勤奋工作的人。因此答案为：(Because)heloves/caresabout（the）studentsandworkshard.Or:(Because)helovesthestudentsanddevotedtohiswork.Or:(Because)heiskind/caring/helpingtothestudents,andhard-working.Or:(Because)heisregardedasakind/warm-hearted/helpful/caringandhard-workingman.20.考查综合表达能力。本题的题目：whoisthe“sunshine”inyourlife?（谁是你生活中的阳光？）只要在生活或学习中帮助过你，关心你、爱护你的，鼓励你，安慰你的都可称为yoursunshine。因此答案可为：Myfather/mother.(Because)he/shelovesmeandencouragedmewhenI’mfaced/confrontedwithdifficulties.Or:Myteacher.(Because)he/shecaresaboutmeandpreparesmeformyfuturecareer.Or:Myfriend.(Because)he/shebringsmejoy/happinessandgivesmealotofcomfort/help/encouragement.5.（2019年3月，天津卷）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。MyteacherPeterBullockprovedthatsciencewasn’tboringandmadephysicsgreatfun.Ineverylessonhewouldproduceoneofthoseworksheetsinpurpleinkthatsmelledfreshfromthemachine.Everysheetcontainedapoemorajokeandwelookedforwardtothembeinghandedout.I’vekeptthemalltoshowtomyownchildren.Therewasonepoeminparticularthat’sstayedinmymemory,whichwent:InearlydaysManmeasuredTimeBysunriseandsunsetsublime;Aswellasbeingabletoturnphysicsintopoetry,Peterhadenergyandpassionandconveyedthesensethatsciencewaspartoftheworldaroundyouandnotadullboringacademicdiscipline.I’msurehewasstickingprettymuchtothestandardtopics—wavesandelectricityandsoon—buthemanagedtoconverteverythingintoajokeorastoryanddidsoinacleverandimaginativeway.PeterBullockwasnotonlyanexcitingteacher,butalsothemanwhofoundedthedebateclubinmyschool.HeencouragedmetotakepartandexpressmyselfinaforcefulwaythatI’vebeendoingeversince—andgettingpaidforit.ThatmademewhatIamtoday—acommerciallawyer.PeterBullocktaughtmethroughoutmysecondaryschoolingandItookphysics,chemistryandmathsatA-level.Everyoneinhisclassenjoyedlearning.Hewasinspiring.Heturnedmeontotheideathatthethingsyouareinterestedinmightseemdullonthesurface,butyoucanstillexciteothers.Forexample,whenItellpeopleI’minterestedinlaw,theymaythink:“Howboring.”Iguessbeingaphysicsteacherismuchthesame.Petershowedmethatwhatmattersishowyouconveyyourownpassionsothatyouexciteotherpeople.21.WhydidthestudentsexpecttogettheworksheetsinPeter’sclass?(nomorethan10words)22.WhatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinPara.2?(1word)23.WhatdoesPara.3mainlytellus?(nomorethan15words)24.HowdidPetermakehisstudentsinterestedinthethingsthatseemdull?(nomorethan10words)25.Whatdoyouthinkisthemostimportantqualityofagoodteacher?Pleaseexplain.(nomorethan20words)【答案】21.(Because)everysheetcontained/hadapoemorajoke.Or:(Because)therewasapoem/ajokeoneverysheet.Or:(Because)theworksheetswereinteresting/amusing.22.Subject.Or:Field.Or:Area.23.Theauthor’sexperienceinthedebateclubcontributedtohiscareer.Or:Theauthorbenefitedfromhisexperienceinthedebateclub.Or:Peterinfluencedtheauthor’scareer.Or:Peterplayedaveryimportantroleintheauthor’slife.Or:Peterfoundedthedebateclub,whichhelpedtheauthortobecomealawyer.24.Byconveyinghisownpassiontothestudents.Or:Heusedpoems,jokesandstoriesinhisteaching.Or:Byusingcreativeteachingmethods.25.Agoodteachershouldbepassionate.Thisisimportantbecauseapassionateteachercouldexcitethestudents.Or:Agoodteachershouldbehumorous.Thisisimportantbecauseahumorousteachermakeslearningeasyandfun.Or:Agoodteachershouldbeknowledgeable.Thisisimportantbecausestudentscouldlearnalotfromhim/her.Or:Creativityisthemostimportantqualitytokeepstudentsinterestedandmotivated.Or:Agoodteacherissupposedtolovehis/herstudents.Onlythosewhoarelovedcanlearnhowtoloveothers.【解析】本文为记叙文。作者讲述了自己的物理老师彼得·布洛克。彼得不仅能把物理学变成诗歌，他还充满活力和激情，传达出科学是你周围世界的一部分，而不是枯燥乏味的学术学科的感觉。彼得·布洛克深深激励和影响了作者。21.原文出处在第一自然段：Everysheetcontainedapoemorajokeandwelookedforwardtothembeinghandedout.其中，lookedforwardto语义是题干expectto的同义表达替换，结合连词and语义中所具有的因果先后逻辑可知，此题的答案应该是and前文：Everysheetcontainedapoemorajoke。此题难度不大，结合原文，直接抄写原句即可为正确答案。另请注意，根据对参考答案的分析可知，回答Why的问题时，because这个词不一定必须写出，因此也请考生注意字数要求。答案：(Because)everysheetcontained/hadapoemorajoke.Or:(Because)therewasapoem/ajokeoneverysheet.Or:(Because)theworksheetswereinteresting/amusing.22.原文下划线单词为第二自然段此处：notadullboringacademicdiscipline。原文第一自然段中的背景为Peter老师是一个物理老师，他的课堂从不沉闷无聊，是因为他善于用诗歌或笑话来调动学生们的学习兴趣。此处设空处的描述：Peter老师向学生们传达的就是科学是一你所处的这个世界的一部分，并不是一种沉闷的学术discipline.结合“学术的”的搭配以及物理学科的前文背景，此处的discipline一词指的应该是学科的“科”字，也可是领域，区域，学科--field/area/subject答案：Subject.Or:Field.Or:Area.23.归纳段意题目。倒数第二段介绍了这样的关键词:thedebateclub/takepart/gettingpaidforit/Iamtoday-acommerciallawyer，需要学生在快速阅读的过程中快速搞清故事的发展。Peter老师所创办的校内辩论俱乐部并在他的要求我也加入了进去，未来收到了回报，作者成为了律师。故段意归纳含有以下意向即可算是正确的：影响/收获/有助于/职业/未来工作/人生。答案：Theauthor’sexperienceinthedebateclubcontributedtohiscareer.Or:Theauthorbenefitedfromhisexperienceinthedebateclub.Or:Peterinfluencedtheauthor’scareer.Or:Peterplayedaveryimportantroleintheauthor’slife.Or:Peterfoundedthedebateclub,whichhelpedtheauthortobecomealawyer.24.答案在最后一段。此题难度在于无法在原文中的一句话中攫取中能够作为答案的原句。题干中的interested（感兴趣的）与seemdull（似乎无聊的）反复地、以不同表达出现在最后一段中，这就需要学生们在不超过字数的前提下，能够高度概括。注意原文这两处表达Heturnedmeontotheidea(turnsb.on意为inspire)以及后文最后一句youconveyyourownpassionsothatyouexciteotherpeople，可知，想表达的意思为“传递激情影响学生”。答案：Byconveyinghisownpassiontothestudents.Or:Heusedpoems,jokesandstoriesinhisteaching.Or:Byusingcreativeteachingmethods.25.半开放式题。此题问的是你认为好老师的最重要的品质是什么。考生需要在字数要求下，写出自认为教师应该具有的品质是什么，再由because引导一个从句加以解释即可。可