Unit3语法名词的数和Therebe句型牛津译林版英语七年级年级上册

Unit3语法名词的数和Therebe句型【知识要点】课前U3词汇检测根据句意及首字母提示填写单词，使句子完整、通顺。1.Ihopewecanp____________ourEarthtogether.2.Somechildrenhavetheiro____________toysbutsomedon’t.3.Thepeopleherec____________fishintherivertomakealiving.4.Ifthewaterinthisriverisverydirty,itwillk____________lotsoffishinit.5.Weneedtoknowthef____________,sodon’ttellusa,lie(谎言).6.Itisaboutonek____________frommyhometothelibrary.7.Theteacheraskedthestudenttowritear____________abouttheairpollution.8.Look!Somefarmersareworkinginthef____________.9.Wewillhaveaq____________nextSaturday,soIfeelalittlenervous.10.Youm____________finishyourhomeworkfirst,oryourmotherwillgetangry.II.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。11.我妈妈经常扔没用的东西。Mymotheroften________________________uselessthings.12.为了让那个老人活下来，这个年轻人把他的救生衣给了他。To____________theoldman____________,theyoungmangavehislifejackettohim.13.我们必须停止使用这种水杯。Wemust________________________thiskindofcup.14.可以给我的杯子里倒点咖啡吗？Couldyou____________somecoffee____________mycup?15.这些动物以前生活在这块土地上。Theseanimalslived____________________________________before.语法知识点一、名词的数：名词按其所表示的事物的性质可分为可数名词和不可数名词两类。可数名词有复数形式。不可数名词一般没有复数形式。可数名词的单数往往要与不冠词a或an连用，复数则使用其复数形式。（一）可数名词的单复数1.单数可数名词：表示名词的单数，要在名词前加不定冠词a或an.a加在以辅音开头的名词前，an加在以元音开头的名词前。如：abookanapple情况构成方法例词一般情况在词尾加sdeskdesksgirlgirls以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词在词尾加esbusbusesFishfishes以辅音字母加y结尾的词变y为i再加esFamiliesPartyparties以元音字母加y结尾的词在词尾加sDaydaysKeykeys以f或fe结尾的词变f或fe为v再加esKnifeknivesWifewives以o结尾的可数名词表示农作物或人等有生命的事物的名词在词尾加esPotatopotatoesHeroheroestomatoespotatoesmango表示无生命的名词在词尾加sRadioradiosZoozoosPinaopinaosphotophotos注意：一些名词的不规则变化元音发生变化男人man女人woman老鼠mouse脚foot牙tooth单复数形式相同(中日人鱼鹿绵羊）鹿deer鱼fish绵羊sheep中国人Chinese日本人Japanese③词尾发生变化Childchildren孩子oxoxen公牛④有些名词只有复数形式Clothes衣服trousers裤子glasses眼镜scissors剪子给出下列名词的复数形式1pieceshoeorangelake2busfoxglasswish3bodycityenemybaby4boykeyholidayway5lifeleafyourselfwolf6zoopianoradiophoto7tomatoherotoothfoot8manwomanfishermansheep9GermanChinesechild（二）不可数名词物质名词事物bread面包meat肉饮料milk牛奶water水juice果汁自然物质soil土壤sand沙子wood木头抽象名词情感Peace平和friendship友谊joy高兴概念Population人口work工作学科Maths数学Geography地理Physics物理Chemistry化学确切数量的表达方式当表示不可数名词的确切数量时，通常可在不可数名词前面加上表示数量的单位词。常用结构为：基数词/不定冠词+量词+of+不可数名词一杯水两杯水一公斤肉两公斤肉不确切数量的表达方式当表示不可数名词的各种大概、不确切的数量时，可运用下列单词和短语：单词：not(any)/no没有；little几乎没有；alittle/some一些；most大部分；all全部短语：alotof/lotsof/plentyof/much/agreatdealof/....许多【经典例题】一、单项选择

(

)1.

The

__

in

our

yard

are

very

beautiful.

A.

cloth

B.

water

C.

flowers

(

)2.

Tom

is

one

of

the

Chinese

_____

in

our

school.

A.

boy

B.

boys

C.

boies

(

)3.

A

cat

has

four

____

,

doesn't

it?

A.

foots

B.

feet

C.

feets

(

)4.

There

are

three

____

and

five

_____

in

the

room.

A.

American,

Japanese

B

Americans,

Japanese

C.

American,

Japanese

(

)5.

Can

you

see

nine

____

in

the

picture?

A.

fish

B.

book

C.

horse

(

)6.

The

_____

has

two______.

A.

boy;

watch

B.

boy;

watches

C.

boys;

watch

(

)7.

The

_____

are

flying

back

to

their

country.

A.

Germany

B.

Germanys

C.

Germans

(

)8.

The

girl

brushes

her

_____

every

day

before

she

goes

to

bed.

A.

tooths

B.

teeth

C.

teeths

(

)9.I

saw

many

_____

in

the

street.

A.

peoples

B.people

C.people’s

(

)10.The

green

sweater

is

his

_________.A.brother

B.brothers

C.brother’s二、填入所给名词的正确形式1.

I

have

two____________

(knife)

2.

There

are

many

___________

here.

(box)

3.

There

are

many

___________

on

the

road.

(bus)

4.

A

few

___________

are

drawing

on

the

wall.

(boy)

5.

The

______________

are

playing

football

now.

(child)

6.

Please

take

two

_______________

for

me.

(photo)

7.

I

like

the

red

________________.(tomato)

8.

Would

you

please

clean

your

_____________

now?

(tooth)

9.

Do

you

want

some

_________?

(milk)

10.

There

are

ten

__________

_________in

our

school.

(woman

teacher)二、Therebe句型Therebe结构是英语中一种常见的句型结构，表示“在某地存在某人或某物”。肯定式Therebe+主语+地点状语或者时间状语它的形式应与紧跟其后面做主语的名词保持人称和数的一致。Thereapenandthreebooksinthedesk.Therethreebooksandapeninthedesk.否定式Therebe+not+主语+其他（用上）Thereisn’tanywater.一般疑问句Bethere+主语+其他？Yes,therebe./No,therebe+notArethereanybooksinyourbags?Yes,thereare./no,therearen’t将来时结构Therewillbe···/therebegoingtobe··Therewillberaintomorrow.Thereisgoingtoberaintomorrow.注意事项：1.Therebe句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。（主谓一致）如果句子的主语是单数的可数名词，或是不可数名词，be动词用“is”“was”。例如：Thereisabasketballinthebox.Thereisalittlemilkintheglass.②如果句子的主语是复数名词，be动词就用“are”“were”。例如：There_____manybirdsinthetree.There_______manypeopleinthestreetyesterday.2.如果therebe句型后的主语是几个并列名词时，要根据第一个名词的数确定be的形式，如果该名词是单数或不可数名词，be要用单数；若该名词是复数，be用复数。（就近原则）如：Thereanorangeandsomebananasinthebasket.Theresomebananasandanorangeinthebasket.3.Therebe句型表示“_______”,have\has表示“”______“”,两者不能同时使用.判断正误ThereisgoingtohaveaclassmeetingnextWednesday.()ThereisgoingtobeaclassmeetingnextWednesday.()辨析：therebe和have（1）therebe表示“某地有某物”，强调存在关系，不强调物的归属。Thereisabookonthedesk.（2）表示“某人拥有某物”，强调所有关系，主语多是人。Ihaveabook.【经典例题】一.根据所给汉语完成句子。

1.桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。There

_____

a

book

and

two

pens

on

the

desk.

2.钱包里有些钱。There

____

some

money

in

the

picture.

3.在吉姆的书包里有一些卡片。____

_____

some

cards

in

Jim’s

bag.

4.里面还有其他的东西吗？_____

_____

anything

else

in

it?

5.我们学校有许多班。There

_____

many

_____

in

our

school.

6.树上没有鸟。There

_____

______

birds

in

the

tree.二、单项选择

(

)1.

There

___

any

rice

in

the

bowl.

A.are

B.is

C.isn’t

D.aren’t

(

)2.There

___

many

apples

on

the

tree

last

year.

A.

have

been

B.

were

C.

are

D.

is

(

)3.How

many

___

are

there

in

the

room?

A.

apple

B.

students

C.

milk

D.

paper

(

)4.There

is

some

milk

in

the

bottle，

____

？

A.isn’t

there

B.aren’t

there

C.isn’t

it

D.are

there

(

)5.There

____

pencilbox，

two

books

and

some

flowers

on

the

desk.

A.

is

a

B.

are

some

C.

has

a

D.

have

some

(

)6.

What

did

you

see

in

the

basket

then

？

There

____

a

bottle

of

orange

and

some

oranges.

A.

is

B.

are

C.

was

D.

were

(

)7.

____

is

there

on

the

table？

A.

How

many

apples

B.

How

much

bread

C.How

much

breads

D.

How

many

food

(

)8.There

are

______

pencil

boxes

in

the

book

bag.

A.

a

B.an

C.two

课后作业一、单项选择1.Bennysawthree______climbingthewalls.A.thiefs B.thiefC.thieves D.thieve2.—Tom,whatarethose?—Theyare________.A.deersB.adeer C.deer D.deeres3.There____abookandtwopensonthedesk.A.is B.are C.be D./4.Theboyisthirsty,andhewouldlike_______.A.acupoftea B.abowlofriceC.aboxofchocolate D.apieceofbread5.Maths_____myfavouritesubject.A.isB.am C.are D.be6.It’simportant_______ustostudyhard.A.to B.for C.on D.with7.TherearemanyanimalsonEarth.Somelive_____theland.Somelive____thewater.A.under;on B.in;underC.on;under D.under;in8.Wemuststop_____theanimals!A.kill B.tokill C.killed D.killing9.Don’t____rubbishintotheriver!A.go B.throw C.pull D.push10.Forestsareveryimportant.Theyprovideus_____alotofthings.A.of B.to C.with D.for语法选择阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连惯的要求，选择可以填在横线上的最佳选项。Wethrowawaygarbagealmosteveryday.____11____doesitgo?Mostofit____12____intothesea.There____13____fivelargegarbagepatches(垃圾带)inthesea.ThelargestoneistheGreatPacificGarbagePatch.Scientistsaresayingthatthepatchisgettingbiggerandbigger.ThepatchisinthePacificOceanbetweenCalifornia____14____Hawaii.Itisquitelarge.AccordingtoLivescience____15____hasanareaof1.6millionk㎡.Thatisabout100times(倍)____16____thanBeijing.Mostofthegarbageisplastic(塑料),includingbottles,bagsandfishingnets.AccordingtoFoxNews,thereareabout79,000tons(吨)ofplasticinthepatch.That’sabout250piecesofplasticforeveryperson____17____Earth.Isoneofthosepiecesfromyou?Theplasticcanharm(伤害)seaanimalsand____18____thewater.Scientistsaretrying____19____waystocleanupgarbageinthesea.Butthemostimportantthingis_____20_____garbagefromgoingintothesea.11.A.Whose B.How C.Why D.Where12.A.go B.goes C.going D.went13.A.are B.is C.am D.be14.A.but B.or C.nor D.and15.A.it B.its C.it’s D.its’16.A.big B.bigger C.thebigger D.biggest17.A.at B.in C.on D.under18.A.pollute B.pollutes C.polluting D.polluted19.A.differ B.difference C.different D.differently20.A.stop B.stops C.stopped D.tostop完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，选择可以填在横线上的最佳选项。Today,we’lllearnaboutfourkindsofsatellite(人造卫星).Thefirstkindofsatellitestudiesthe____21____oftheEarth.Peopleuseittohelpmakemaps.Italsohelpscountriesseewheretheymay____22____oilorgold(石油或黄金).Peopleusethesecondkindofsatellitetoshow____23____toshipsandplanes.Ashiporaplanecansendamessagetothe