定语从句学案-初高中英语语法复习

定语从句

一.定义:一个来充当定语，相当于一个,被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词

Sheisastudent.

Shehasasiste匚①

Herhairislong.②

Thisisacountry.③

Manyeventshappeninthecountry.

,1.限制性定语从句：先行词（n./pron）+引导词+从句

1基本结构&分类|（引导词对先行词起____________________作用，不可省略，翻译为________________）

；2.非限制性定语从句:先行词（；整个句子），+引导词（除that/why）+从句

、（引导词对先行词起作用，主从句之间结构松散，往往用逗号隔开）

Leshan,whichlieswherethe3riversmeet,isabeautifulcity.（）

Leshanwhichlieswherethe3riversmeetisabeautifulcity.（）

Hisfatherwhoworksinafactoryisaworker.（）

Hisfather,whoworksinafactoryisaworker.（）

,1.连接（连接）

2.引导词的作用＜2.替代（替代--------------------）

,3.成分（在____________中充当成分）

二.引导词的用法

引导词替代先行词在从句中充当成分能否省略

who指人主/宾

whom指人宾

which指物/整个句子主/宾作宾语

可以

指人/物/人+物

省略

all/something/anything/nothing（不定代词）that、

关

thattheonly/thevery/thelast+n./pron+that只用that不主/宾/表

thea.（最高级）/the序数词+n.+that湘which的

系情况

which/who........that...?

指人/物/整个句子

代

asas/such/so.......as（像…一样的）主/宾/表不

thesame+n.+as（和…•同样的）

词

Asisknowntoall,主句（众所周知）能

指某人（物）的（所属关系）

_Cwhom（某人的）

[the+n.of{which（某物的）省

whose定

Whm

whose+n=]of4-°+then.略

Lwhich

when表示时间的n.(time/hour/day/week/month/nigh...)+when

关It/This/Thatisatime(when/that)....(这/那是一个…的时代)

表示地点的n.(place/spot/room/school/country...)+where状不

系whereIt/This/Thatisaplacewhere.......(这/那是一个…的地方)

表示情况/境地/场合等的抽象能

副n.(point/stage/case/situation/condition/position)+where

省

词表示原因的n.(reason)+why

whythereasonfor/thecauseofsth.isthat...(…的原因是…・)略

thereasonwhy+结果isthat+原因

表示方式的n.(way/means/method)+why语

ofdoingsth.

howthewayytodosth.(…的方法是…)

(how/that/inwhich)+从句

★定语从句引导词的选择取决于两个方面

①先行词为sb.,引导词为

1先行词I②先行词为sth.,引导词为

.（即句意）］③先行词既指Sb.又指sth.,引导词为

④先行词是整个句子，引导词为

「①缺主语,引导词为

②缺宾i五引导词为

2.成分（即从句所缺成分，缺什么，补什么》自地主;'

\呦衣t口，引导词为

④缺定语,引导词为

、⑤缺状语,引导词为

三.需要注意的问题

①灿611=表时间的prep.(at/in/on/during...)+which

②g6代=表地点的prep.(in/at/on..,)+which

1.关系副词=prep.+关系代词］③why=表示原因的prep.(for)+which

④how=表示方式的prep.(in/with/by)+which

(DThisistheroomwherewesleptlastnight.(=which)

(2)Thisisthehotelwheretheystayedlastweek.(=which)

(3)ShestillrememberedthedaywhenshejoinedtheParty.(=which)

(4)Theyearwhenthewarbrokeoutwas1914.(=which)

(5)1can'tforgetthedayswhenweworkedtogether.(=which)

(6)IsthisthemeanshowyoulearnEnglish?(=which)

(7)Canyoutellmethewayhowyousolvetheproblem?which)

(8)Thismaybethemethodhowhegoestowork.(=which)

that（和...同一个的）同一事物

2.thesame+ny

as（和…同样的）同一类不是同一个；同类异物

rlhat+结果状语从句（如此…以至于）

such/so.....y

as+定语从句（像…一样的）

_____________________(这支钢笔就是我昨天掉的那支)

(DThisis<Ilostyesterday.

(这支钢笔和我昨天掉的那支相似)

_______everyonelikes.

(2)Heissuchaclever/socleverachild/

|everyonelikeshim.

3.定语从句中谓语的形式

⑴定语从句中谓语v.单复数应该和保持一致

Mr.Smith,whonowdownstairs,isaskingtoseeyou.

(be)

TheSmiths,whonowdownstairs,isaskingtoseeyou.

⑵oneof+(pl.)+关系代词+谓语v.复数

theonlyoneof+(pl.)+关系代词+谓语V.单数

HeisoneoftheteacherswhoFrenchinourschool,

(know)

HeistheonlyoneoftheteacherswhoFrenchinourschool.

Asisknowntoall,/Asweallknow,/Asiswellknown,

4.众所周知〈Itisknowntoallthat+(主语从句)

7Whatisknowntoallisthat+(表语从句)

Themoontravelsroundtheearth,isknowntoall.

Exercise:

youstudiedinyourchildhood?

l.DoyouremembertheschoolJyoustudiedininyourchildhood?

inyoustudiedinyourchildhood?

P_____________wespentinBeijing?

2.DoyourememberthedaysJ

weworkedinBeijing.

'wevisitedlastyear.

________welivedlastyear

3.Thisisthecity<

।welivedinlastyear.

inwelivedlastyear.

I

I________________heexplainedtome.

4.1dorflbelievethereasonJ

Ihewaslateforschool.

5.ThereisnothingintheworldcanfrightentheChinese?

6.1liveintheroomwindowsopentothesouth.

7.HeisthemanfromIlearnalot..

8.Hehadacold,becauseofhedidn'tgotoschool.

9.1wanttobuythesamecomputerwasshownonTV.

10.Sheisnolongerthesweet