北京市通州区2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷

通州区2023—2024学年第二学期高二年级期中质量检测英语试卷2024年4月本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节完形填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Iwasreadytopayformybananasatthegroceryonenight,whenfearseizedme.Mywalletwasgone.IcouldonlyhaveleftitontheG9bus,whichwasnowspeedinginthedarktosome1station.Theheart-stoppingmomentwasquicklyfollowedbymentalmath.Howmuchtimeandmoneywoulditcosttoreplacethecontentsofthatlittlewallet?Thecreditcards,thedriver’slicense,thecash,alllosttothebus.Twohourslater,backatmyhouse,Iheardaknockonthedoor.Myhusband2itwhileIwasonthephoneinthediningroom.“DoesJenniferlivehere?”Iheardaladysay.Inmyhusband’shandwasmywallet,withoutapennymissing.TheladyleftbeforeIcould3makeittothedoortooffermythanks.Aftersharingthestoryonline,Iheardfromsomeone,whoidentifiedtheladyasErinSmith.Without4,Icalledtothankher.Shesaidshe5mywalletonabusseat.Shecalculatedthatgoingtoastranger’shousewasa6move,butshedecidedtotakethechance.“IfIwereinthatsituation,Iwouldwantsomeonetotrytofindme.”shesaid.Thisonestrangerrespondedbeautifullytomysmall7butsheactuallywasn’ttheonlyone.RightafterErintookpossessionofmywalletonthebus,shepostedapictureofmydriver’slicensetoanonlineforum(论坛),tryingtoseeifanyoneknewme.NosoonerdidsheleavemydoorstepthanIhademailsfromtwowomenwhosekidsgotomyson’snurseryandwhorecognizedmyface.I’venever8wordswiththosemomsbeyondsmalltalk,buttheywantedtohelp.9,Ifeelblessedsomeonewantedtohelpastranger.Erinhadgonebeyondwhatalmostanyonewouldhavedone,findingmyhouseonabitterlycoldnight,andforthatIwasextremely10.1.A.famous B.unknown C.familiar D.convenient2.A.ignored B.interrupted C.examined D.answered3.A.still B.ever C.yet D.even4.A.delay B.question C.regret D.invitation5.A.threw B.placed C.opened D.spotted6.A.selfless B.risky C.delightful D.personal7.A.crisis B.danger C.encounter D.failure8.A.exchanged B.recalled C.whispered D.repeat9.A.Goingaway B.Turningaround C.Lookingback D.Comingalong10.A.longing B.grateful C.concerned D.enthusiastic第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AMostpeoplebelievewhentheylivecomfortablyandearnenoughmoney,theywillhaveworries.However,mostpeopleneverfeelthey11(earn)enough.JasonHarleydecidedtodropoutofthiskindoflifestyle,andhediscoveredthathavingonlyalittlemoneymadehimfree.Arethereanythingshemissesfromhispast?“No,I’mmuchhappiernow,12Iamlivingaccordingtomyvalues.Success13(measure)notbyhowmuchmoneyyouhavebutbyhowyouunderstandthetruemeaningoflife.”BChineseNewYearPaintingisaspecialChineseartform.Usuallyitisputonwalls,doorsorwindows.AsSpringFestival14(arrive),manyfamiliesputupNewYearPaintingsasawishtohavegoodluckand15(happy).TherearedifferentsubjectsinNewYearPaintings,suchasbabies,flowersandbirds.TheearliestNewYearPaintingappearedintheTangDynastyandwasattachedtothedoor16(keep)thefamilysafe.TodayNewYearPaintingsarestillpopularinsomeruralareasofChina.CXuBeihong(1895-1953)wasimportantinmodernChinesefolkart.Duringhislifetime,hedevelopedthetraditionofcombiningpoetrywithpainting.Between1933and1940,he17(hold)severalexhibitionsinAsiaandEuropetopromoteChineseart.Acrossthispainting18(name)RacingHorse,wecanseeahorserunningatahighspeed19amissile(导弹)acrossthesky.Ontheleftandrightsideofthepainting,Xuclearlydrewinblackinktoshowthe20(move)haironthehorse’smane(鬃毛)andtail.Thepaintingofdarkandlightcolorsisafavoriteofmanyartlovers.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThesummervacationisdrawingnear.Herewehavepreparedavisualfeastforourboysandgirls.Let’sfeastoureyesfirst.JurassicWorldDominionItisthefinalfilminthesecondtrilogyofdino-movies,andit’sthefirstonewhichreallydeservestobecalled“JurassicWorld”ratherthan“JurassicPark”.Yes,prehistoricdinosaursareoutandaboutinthewildthistime,ratherthanbeingstuckinathemepark.Director:ColinTrevorrowOfficialCompetitionCruzandBanderashavebeentwoofSpanishcinema’sfamoussuperstarsfordecades,andyethaveonlyrarelyactedonthescreentogether.Now,onceagain,thatwronghasbeenrightedbyOfficialCompetition.Cruzisanart-housedirectorwhoisadaptingaNobel-Prize-winningnovelinthefilm.BanderasplaysadullHollywoodactionherowhoishiredtostarinit.Director:MarianoCohn;GastonDupratBrianandCharlesNotatypicalscience-fictionmovie,BrianandCharlesisalow-budget,low-keyBritishcomedystarringandco-writtenbyDavidEarl,aregularinRickyGervais’ssitcoms(情景喜剧).“BrianandCharlesisthisyear’ssweetestfilmbyacountrymile,”saysCory.“It’slikeEdgarWright’sTheMightyBooshprojectthrownintoacotton-candymachine,anditisalsooneofthemostsurprisingfilmsaboutbeingaparent,evenwhenyoursonisa7-feet-tallrobotwholovescabbages.”Director:JimArcherLightyearAfterfourToyStoryfilms,everyone’sfavouritespacerangeractionfigure,BuzzLightyear,getstoleaveWoodyandfriendsbehind,andgooffonanadventureonhisown.Orsoyoumightassumeso.Infact,thelatestPixarcartoonisn’taboutthetoy.Director:AngusMacLane21.WhichofthefollowingisrightaboutJurassicWorldDominion?A.Dinosaursareindangerinthefilm.B.Itisthesamewithotherthemeparks.C.Dinosaursinthefilmliveinthewild.D.Itisdeservedtobecalled“JurassicPark”.22.InthefilmOfficialCompetition,whatdoesCruzdo?A.Adirector. B.Anactionhero. C.Anovelist. D.Afamoussuperstar.23.Whichfilmisacartoon?A.JurassicWorldDominion. B.OfficialCompetition.C.BrianandCharles. D.Lightyear.BWillyougoonthisridewithme?”myfriend’seleven-year-olddaughterJennyasked.Shestaredattheride,eagertoexperiencethesameexcitementasthebravegroupofridersinfrontofus.Icouldn’tsayno.Afterclimbingintoourseats,anattendantreachedup,pulleddownthebar,andlockeditinplace.Therideliftedusslowly,thenturnedusoverliketheblueberrypancakesIhadeatenthreehoursearlier,andhopedtokeepintheirproperplace.AsIstaredattheconcretedirectlybelowus,Ihadasuddenfeelingofgreatfear.IwonderedifIhadreplacementcoverage(保险)forthephonethatIwassurewouldslipoutofmypocketandbreakintoamilliontinypieces.Iwonderedwhenmynewhealthinsurancewouldkickin.Theridetoucheddownaftertwistingandturningourbodies.Myfriendwaswaitingforusattheexit.“Howwasit?”sheasked.“Fine.Nobigdeal,”Isaid,eventhoughmyheadwasspinning(旋转)likeoneoftheotherannoyingmachinesdottingthemidway.Jennywalkedaheadofusandconvincedmetokeeptakingchancesandsamplemorerides“Oh,lookatthepirateship(海盗船)!”shesaid.“Thatlookslikeacalmride.”“Let’sgo,Auntie!”shesaidassherushedtojoinothersinline.Ifollowedher,feelingconfidenttheridewouldbeuneventful.WhenIreachedthebottom,ItappedoutlikeaWWFwrestleradmittingdefeat.Althoughmybodywasshakingandmyheadwasstillspinning,IfeltexhilaratedjustlikeIwasonthetopoftheworld.Thatmorning,Isetagoal,tookmyfirststeptoreachit,andfeltthejoyofachievement.Eachtimeyoutrysomethingforthefirsttime,youwillgrow—alittlepieceofthefearoftheunknownisremovedandreplacedwithasenseofsatisfaction.24.WhatmadetheauthordecidetotryridingwithJenny?A.TheeagernessinJenny’seyes.B.Thecuriosityabouttheunknown.C.Theencouragementfromotherriders.D.Thedesiretoexperiencesomethingexciting.25.Whathappenedtotheauthorwhenshewasinthehighsky?A.Shelostherphone. B.Shegotintoapanic.C.Shewasservedpancakes. D.Shealmostfellofftheseat.2.6.Howdidtheauthorfeelafterreachingthebottomfromtheride?A.Relaxed. B.Confused. C.Excited. D.Disappointed.27.Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?A.Hewhohesitatesislost.B.It’snevertoolatetolearn.C.Lifeislikeridingapirateship.D.It’sworthwhiletotrysomethingnew.CStudyingasubjectthatyoufeelpointlessisneverafunoreasytask.Ifyou’restudyinghistory,askingyourselfthequestion“whyishistoryimportant”isaverygoodfirststep.Historyisanessentialpartofhumancivilization.Youwillfindsomethingherethatwillarouseyourinterest,orgetyouthinkingaboutthesignificanceofhistory.Historygroundsusinourroots.Historyisanimportantandinterestingfieldofstudy,andlearningthehistoryofourhomecountrycangiveusadeeper,moremeaningfulglimpse(一瞥)intoourancestralpasts,andhowwegottowherewearetoday.Manypeoplefeelliketheyneedasenseofculturalbelonging,whichissomethingthatstudyingyourrootsandbeingopen-mindedtotheevolution(演变)ofyourculturecanprovide.,Historyenrichesourexperience.Readinghistoryisanamazingexperiencebecauseitenablesustoreflectonthesocialandeconomiclifeofthepeoplelivinglongtimeago.Accordingtotheexperts,problemsfacedbypeopleregardlessofthepastandpresentarethesame.Withtheinformationabouttheancestors,onecanbecomemoreexperiencedinhandlingchallengesoflife.Historymakesusmoreempathetic(具有共情能力的).Studyinghistorycangiveusinsight(洞察力)intowhyourculturedoescertainthings,andhowthepasthasshapeditintowhatweknownow.Italsoprovidesaratherstrongfoundationforempathyacrosscultures.Fearandhateforothersisusuallycausedbyignorance(无知).We’rescaredofthethingsthatwedon’tunderstand.Historyhasthepotentialtobreakdownthoseboundariesbyofferingusinsightintoentireworldsthatwouldotherwisebeforeigntous.Historycaninspireustolearnmore.What’sfantasticabouthistoryisthewayitbroadensourhorizons.It’salmostimpossibletolearnaboutonehistoricalperiodwithouthavingdozensofquestionsaboutrelatedconcepts.Studythe19recenturyEngland,andyoumightcatchaglimpseofCharlesDickens’OliverTwist.LookupCharlesDickens,andyoumightlearnathingortwoaboutrealism.Ormaybeyouendupswitchingyourattentionawayfromnovels,anddiscoverthehistoryofromanticpoetsinEngland.Itcangoanywhere,andthereissomethinginthereforabsolutelyanybody.Thevalueofhistorycannotbeunderestimated.Wedon’thavetoliveinthepast,butwecandefinitelydobetterbylearningfromitandusingthelessonslearnttoleadmoremeaningfullives.28.Peoplecangetasenseofculturalbelongingbystudyinghistoryand_______.A.thinkingaboutthemeaningofitB.acceptingthedevelopmentofcultureC.analyzinghowtheygettothepresentstateD.reflectingontheirsocialandeconomiclife29.WhatcanbeconcludedfromParagraph4?A.Itisdifficulttogetridofculturalbarriers.B.Peoplearewillingtoacceptforeigncultures.C.Culturalconflictsinhistoryaredifficulttoignore.D.Historyhelpsusimproveourcross-culturalawareness.30.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtoBuildCulturalIdentity B.WhyStudyingHistoryMattersC.KnowthePast,KnowthePresent D.History:aWaytoBroadenHorizonsDAccordingtoanewAgricultureDepartmentreport,U.S.forestscouldexacerbateglobalwarmingbecausetheyarebeingdestroyedbynaturaldisastersandarelosingtheirabilitytoabsorbplanet-warminggasesastheygetolder.Thereportpredictsthattheabilityofforeststoabsorbcarbonwillstartdecliningafter2025andthatforestscouldreleaseupto100millionmetrictonsofcarbonayearastheiremissions(排放)fromdecaying(腐烂的)treesgobeyondtheircarbonabsorption.Forestscouldbecomea“substantialcarbonsource”by2070,theUSDAreportsays.Thelossofcarbonabsorptionisdriveninpartbynaturaldisasterssuchaswildfires,tornadoesandhurricanes,whichareincreasinginfrequencyandstrengthasglobaltemperaturesrise.Thedisastersdestroyforestland,destroyingtheirecosystemanddecreasingtheirabilitytoabsorbcarbon,accordingtoLynnRiley,aseniormanagerofclimatescienceattheAmericanForestFoundation.Agingforestsalsocontribute.Thereportfoundthatolder,maturetreesabsorblesscarbonthanyoungertreesofthesamespecies,andU.S.forestsarerapidlyaging.Thistrendislikelytocontinue,asforestscomeunderincreasingthreatfromclimatechangeandexploitation(开采).Thetypicaltropical(热带的)forestmaybecomeacarbonsourcebythe2060s,accordingtoSimonLewis,professorintheschoolofgeographyatLeedsUniversity.“Humanshavebeenluckysofar,astropicalforestsarecleaninguplotsofourpollution,buttheycan’tkeepdoingthatindefinitely,”hesaid.“Weneedtocutdownfossilfuelemissionsbeforetheglobalcarboncyclestartsworkingagainstus.”U.S.forestscurrentlyabsorb11percentofU.S.carbonemissions,or150millionmetrictonsofcarbonayear,equaltothecombinedemissionsfrom40coalpowerplants,accordingtothereport.ThelossofforestsasnaturalcarbonabsorberswillrequiretheU.S.tocutemissionsmorerapidlytoreachnetzero.“Asweworktodecarbonize(碳减排),forestsareoneofthegreatesttoolsatourhandling.Ifweweretolosethat,itmeanswewillcontributethatmuchmoreinemissions.”Rileysaid.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exacerbate”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Relieve. B.Worsen. C.Address. D.Measure.32.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thekeyroleofforestsintheecosystem.B.Theconsequencesoffrequentnaturaldisasters.C.Theimpactofrisingglobaltemperaturesonforests.D.Thereasonsforforests’decliningabilitytoabsorbcarbon.33.WhatdoesSimonLewissuggest?A.Reducingfossilfuelemissions.B.Dealingwithdecayingtreesintime.C.Plantingyoungertreesonalargescale.D.Limitingtheexploitationofforestresources.34.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Tostressthesignificanceofforests.B.Tooffersuggestionsonforestmanagement.C.TopresenttheeffortstheU.S.hasmadetoreachnetzero.D.Toshowtheincreasingcarbonemissionsfromcoalpowerplants.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ahealthylifestyleisonethatisfullofhealthychoicesandbehavior.Ithelpsyoukeepphysicalandmentalhealthandhelpsyoulivelonger.Generallyspeaking,thefactorsthatcontributetoahealthylifestylemayincludephysicalactivity,ahealthydiet,lowstressandhealthyhabits.35.36.Ithelpstoreduceyourriskofdiseases,suchascancer,anddiabetes,andhelpsyoucontrolyourweight.Inchildren,physicalactivityalsobuildsconfidence.Aspartofahealthylifestyle,adultsshouldtakepartinmoderate(适度的)tointenseaerobicexercisesandmuscle-strengtheningactivitiesregularly.TheCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionrecommendsatleast150minutesofaerobicactivityperweek,suchaswalking,bicycling,playingtennis,swimmingoraerobics.Eatingahealthydietcanhelpyoupreventdiseaseandkeepahealthyweight.Thismeanseatingarangeofwholefoodsfromthedifferentfoodgroups.Overall,ahealthydietishighinplant-basedfoodsandlowinsugaryandhighfatfoods.Meatcanbepartofahealthydietifitiseateninmoderation.37.Althoughstressisanaturalhumanreactiondesignedtokeepyououtofdanger,therearenegativehealthconsequencestodealingwithlongtermstress.38.Inordertomanageyourstress,youneedtolearnwhatcausesitandhowyoucandealwithit.Waystodealwithunavoidablestressincludeexerciseandtalkingtofamilyorfriends.Ahealthylifestyleincludeshealthyhabits.Thismeansprotectingyourskinfromthesun,gettingregularhealthcheck-upsandavoidingsubstanceabuse.Smokingandtobaccouseareunhealthybecausetheyincreaseyourriskofdiseasessuchascancerandheartdisease.39.Itcandamageyourliver,causecancerandhurtlovedones.A.Drinkingtoomuchalcoholisalsoanunhealthyhabit.B.Physicalactivityisakeypartofbecomingandstayinghealthy.C.Yourlifestyleshouldsupportahealthyweight,soremainactivedaily.D.Foralongerandbetterlife,puttogetheryourplanforahealthylifestyle.E.Thesefactorshelpreducetheriskofdiseasesandincreaseyourqualityoflife.F.Preventingandmanagingstressisimportantifyouwanttoliveahealthylifestyle.G.Eatingawidevarietyofhealthyfoodwillhelpcoveryournutritional(营养的)needs.第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要结构正确，书写工整，字迹清楚。AIart,aka(又名)computationartorgenerativeart,referstothecreationofanyartworkthroughtheuseofartificialintelligenceprograms.Thiscanincludeartformslikemusic,photographyandvideo,butinthisarticlewe’llfocuson2Dand3Dillustrativeart.AIartshouldnotbeconfusedwithdigitalart,whichreferstoartworkscreatedusinganytypeofdigitalsoftware.Typically,withdigitalart,thecreatorhastoemploysomelevelofartisticskillandtechnique,andunderstandhowtousetoolssuchasAdobeIllustrator.WithAIart,incontrast,youtypicallyonlyhavetotypeinatextprompt(提示词).AfinishedartworkisthencreatedbygenerativeAIalgorithmswithoutanyfurtherinputneeded.AIartiscontroversial(有争议的)withintheartanddesignprofessionsfortwomainreasons.Firstly,andmostobviously,allowingpeopletogenerateartthroughsoftwaremeansthey’relesslikelytopaysomeonetocreateitbyhand.Andthat’sinevitably(不可避免的)goingtoleadtojoblossesandthelossoffreelanceworktoprofessionalartists.Thesecondreasonistha